2025届福建省宁德市部分一级达标中学高三下学期联考英语试题含解析

2025届福建省宁德市部分一级达标中学高三下学期联考英语试题注意事项1．考生要认真填写考场号和座位序号。2．试题所有答案必须填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。第一部分必须用2B铅笔作答；第二部分必须用黑色字迹的签字笔作答。3．考试结束后，考生须将试卷和答题卡放在桌面上，待监考员收回。第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．Theexplosioninthechemicalplant______avoidedhadthecountyauthorities,aimingtoomuchatshort-terminterests,performedtheirdutiesfromthebeginning.A．shouldbe B．mightbe C．musthavebeen D．couldhavebeen2．Thedeal，nextweek，willallowCharneytomakeagreatfortuneinthestockmarket.A．completed B．beingcompletedC．tobecompleted D．havingbeencompleted3．Theinnerstrengthofthegirlallowsher_____goingwhenshegetsintotrouble.A．keepB．keepingC．tokeepD．kept4．Inmanyways,themagicofAIis________it’snotsomethingyoucanseeortouch.A．whether B．whatC．that D．why5．—Couldyougivemeareminderat9tomorrowmorning?—I'msorry,butIameetingthen.A．attendB．willattendC．willbeattendingD．amattending6．________yourecognizeanidiomwhenitisbeingused,itiseasytomisunderstandwhatyoureadorhear.A．Unless B．AfterC．Once D．Since7．Lastsummerwesawaverygoodfilm,____wasabouttheAnti-Japanesewar.A．whichB．whenC．thatD．where8．---Haveyouheardthattheyareworkingaroundtheclocktocompetefortheprize?---Don’tworry.Wearereadytothechallenge.A．buildup B．takeupC．stickto D．leadto9．Thoughsmall,thecountryhas_____plantsfromdesertgrassestotropicaljungle.A．extremeB．abundantC．artificialD．poisonous10．Thedoctor’sdilemmawas_____heshouldtellthepatientthetruth.A．whether B．whichC．that D．what11．TheleadersoftheBRICScountriesFridayreachedimportant________onbuildinganopenworldeconomyandimprovingglobaleconomicgovernance(管理)duringtheirinformalmeetingonthesidelinesoftheG20SummitinHamburg,Germany.A．considerationB．consensusC．commitmentD．confirmation12．—Whydoesheweararaincoatonsunnydays?—NordoIunderstand.Heis________.A．awetblanket B．alazyboneC．ablacksheep D．anoddfish13．—Don'tlookdownuponBob.Hehashisownadvantages.—Oh,yesothersareweak,heisstrong.A．Before B．WhenC．Where D．Though14．Herdoctorindicatedthatevenaddinga(n)_____amountofdailyexercisewoulddramaticallyimproveherhealth.A．modest B．equalC．exact D．considerable15．Whilewewerelisteningtothespeechattentively,avoice_____toannouncetheresultoftheelection.A．brokein B．brokeup C．brokeoff D．brokedown16．______toworkovertimethatevening,Imissedawonderfulfilm.A．HavingbeenaskedB．ToaskC．HavingaskedD．Tobeasked17．Irefusetoaccepttheblameforsomething________wassomeoneelse'sfault.A．who B．thatC．as D．what18．Itgivesusgreatdelight______Chinesesciencefictionsarebecomingincreasinglypopular.A．how B．whatC．that D．why19．Goodnews!Wedidn’tspendwehadexpected.A．ashalfmuchmoneyas B．muchmoneyashalfasC．asmuchmoneyashalf D．halfasmuchmoneyas20．---Butforyourtimelywarning,weintogreattrouble.---Well,youknowwe’refriends.A．wouldget B．musthavegot C．wouldhavegot D．can’thavegot第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21．（6分）ForanincreasingnumberofstudentsatAmericanuniversities,Oldissuddenlyin.Thereasonisobvious:thegrayingofAmericameansjobs,coupledwiththeagingofthebaby-boomgeneration,alongerlifespanmeansthatthenation’selderlypopulationisboundtoexpandsignificantlyoverthenext50years.By2050,25percentofallAmericanswillbeolderthan65,upfrom14percentin1995.Thechangeposesprofoundquestionsforgovernmentandsociety,ofcourse.Butitalsocreatescareeropportunitiesinmedicineandhealthprofessionsandinlawandbusinessaswell.“Inadditiontothedoctors,we’regoingtoneedmoresociologists,biologists,urbanplannersandspecializedlawyers,”saysProfessorEdwardSchneideroftheUniversityofSouthernCalifornia’s(USC)SchoolofGerontology（老年学）.Lawyerscanspecializein“elderlaw”,whichcoverseverythingfromtrustsandestatestonursing-homeabuseandagediscrimination.Businessmenseehugeopportunitiesintheeldermarketbecausethebabyboomers,74millionstrong,arelikelytobethewealthiestgroupofretireesinhumanhistory.“Anystudentwhocombinesanexpertknowledgeingerontologywith,say,anMBAorlawdegreewillhavealicensetoprintmoney,”oneprofessorsays.MargariteSantosisa21-year-oldsenioratUSC．Shebegancollegeasabiologymajorbutfoundshewas“reallyboredwithbacteria.”Soshetookaclassingerontologyanddiscoveredthatshelikedit.Shesays,“Ididvolunteerworkinretirementhomesanditwasverysatisfying.”1、WiththeagingofAmerica,lawyerscanbenefit________.A．fromtheadoptionofthe“elderlaw”B．frompresentingtheirprofessionalservicestotheelderlyC．byenrichingtheirprofessionalknowledgeD．bywinningthetrustoftheelderlytopromotetheirowninterests.2、Whocanmakebigmoneyinthenewcenturyaccordingtothepassage?A．Retireeswhoarebusiness-minded.B．Thevolunteerworkersinretirementhomes.C．collegegraduateswithanMBAorlawdegree.D．Professionalswithagoodknowledgeofgerontology.3、Whycanbusinessmengainprofitintheemergingeldermarket?A．Retireesaremoregenerousinspendingmoney.B．Theycanemploymoregerontologists.C．Theelderlypossessanenormouspurchasingpower.D．Therearemoreelderlypeopleworkingthanbefore.22．（8分）Thecatastrophicminorplanetcrashthatwipedoutthedinosaurs66millionyearsagomaynothavebeensodestructivehadithitalmostanywhereelseonearthaccordingtoanewresearchbyJapanesescientistsKunioKaihoandNagaOshima,whopublishedtheirfindingsThursdayinthejournalScientificReports.Itmeansdinosaurscouldstillruletheearthandhumansmayneverhaveevolvedatall.Theroughlysixmile(10km)wideplanetcreatedacrater(坑)morethan110miles(176km)acrosswhenitsmashedintoourplanet.Thecollisionreleasedmorethan1billiontimesasmuchenergyastheatomicbombexplosionwhichdestroyedHiroshimaandNagasakiatthecloseofWorldWarⅡ.Morethan75percentofalllandandseaanimals,themostfamousofwhichbeingdinosaurs,werewipedoutasaresult.Hugevolumesofash,sootanddustshotintotheatmosphere,blockingasmuchas80percentofprecioussunlightfromreachingthesurfaceoftheplanet.Thepairbelievethekeyingredientintheextinctionwasthesoot,whichwasproducedwhenthecrashlightedrocksloadedwithhydrocarbonmolecules(碳氢化合物分子)suchasoil.However,theamountofhydrocarboninrocksvarieswidelydependingontheirlocation.Withthisinmind,theteamsetaboutanalysingplacesonEarthwheretherockshaveahighhydrocarbonmoleculecontent.Theyfoundthatonlyabout13percentoftheplanethavesuchanenvironment,essentiallymeaningthatthedinosaurswereunluckywhentheminorplanethitinsuchahydrocarbonricharea.“Thecatastrophicchainofeventscouldonlyhaveoccurrediftheminorplanethadhitthehydrocarbon-richareasoccupyingapproximately13percentoftheEarth’ssurface,”thescientistswroteinauniversitypressrelease.It’sagoodthingforhumanity,however,orelsewemayneverhaveevolvedinthefirstplace.1、Accordingtothetext,iftheminorplanethitsomewhereelseonearth.A．itwouldwipeoutdinosaursB．itwouldwipeoutthecitizenslivingonbothHiroshimaandNagasakiC．humancouldruletheearthD．dinosaurscouldcontinuetoruletheearth2、TheatomicbombexplosionatWorldWarIIwasmentionedtodescribe.A．thesizeoftheminorplanetB．theweightoftheminorplanetC．thepoweroftheminorplanetD．thehistoryoftheminorplanet3、Whichofthefollowingdirectlycausedtheextinctionofdinosaurs?A．Thehydrocarbonmoleculescontainedintheoil.B．Therockswithalowhydrocarbonmoleculecontent.C．Thesootproducedduringthecrash.D．Theareawheretheminorplanetcrashed.23．（8分）IntheshorttimeSteveandZachhadbeeninsidetheirtentpackingtheirtools,wind-blownflamehadskippedfromthetopofonetreetoanother.Thelongdrysummerhadturnedtheforestintoatinderbox.“Let’sgo!Wecanmakeitbacktotheriverwecrossedtoday!”StevekeptBradyontheleadandtheirheadsdownagainstthefire-wind.ButBradybarkedasharpwarning.Aheadofthemlayathickcurtainofsmokeacrossthetrack.Theywouldnevermakeitthroughthat.Thedogwaspullingathisleadtryingtodrawthemawayfromthesmoke,andyetStevewasuneasy.Itseemedtohimthattheyweremovingawayfromtheriver.Suddenly,Zachcried.“Zach!”Steveshouted.“AreyouOK?Whereareyou?”ThenBradypulledStevedownasharpslope(坡).Atitsbase,Zachwasrubbinghisankle.AsStevehelpedhisfriendtohisfeet,Bradyliftedhisheadandsnuffed(嗅)thesmoke-ladenwind.Nextmoment,thedogboundedawayanddisappeared.Theboysshoutedforhim,buthedidn’tcomeback.Stevecouldn’tblameBradyforpanicking.Hehimselfwantedtoruneventhoughhedidn’thaveacluewhichway.SteveandZachhadn’tgonefarwhentherewasafamiliarbark,andBradycamebounding,stoppeddirectlyinfrontofSteveandhithimwithhishead,pushinghimbacktowardtheslopethey’djustclimbed.ButStevedidn’tgetit.ThenBradygrabbedtheboy’sjeansandstartedpulling.Themessagewasclear,butStevehesitated.OfcourseherememberedBradysavinghisuncle’slifewhenthedogwasmuchyounger.Washestillsharpenoughtogetthemthroughthis?Nearby,apinewentupinawhooshofsmoke.Bradypulledagain,urgently.“OK,bigguy,”Stevegritted(咬紧牙关).Bradyledthembackdowntheslopeandintothetrees.Notfarfromthemfirewastouchingunderbrush.Severaltimesthebigdogstopped.Oftenhechangeddirections.Stevewassotiredthathejustwantedtorest,butBradywouldn’thaveit.Thedogbulliedbothboystogoon.Howlongthey’dwalkedStevehadnoidea.Hewasalmostnumbwhenheheardit—thewonderfulsoundofrushingwater!1、WhathappenedtoSteveandZachatfirst?A．Theygotinjured. B．Theylosttheirdog.C．Theyweretrapped. D．Theybecameseparated.2、Bradyranawayto______.A．seekhelp B．findawayoutC．rescueZach D．escapeforlife3、HowdidStevefeelafterBradypulledhisjeans?A．Uneasy. B．Impatient.C．Numb. D．Uncertain.4、Thepassagebasicallydescribes________.A．anadventure B．anexplorationC．anescapegame D．atrainingprogram24．（8分）Wecanachieveknowledgeeitheractivelyorpassively.Weachieveitactivelybydirectexperience,bytestingandprovinganidea,orbyreasoning.Weachieveknowledgepassivelybybeingtoldbysomeoneelse.MostofthelearningthattakesplaceintheclassroomandthekindthathappenswhenwewatchTVorreadnewspapersormagazinesispassive.Conditionedaswearetopassivelearning,it’snotsurprisingthatwedependonitinoureverydaycommunicationwithfriendsandco-workers.Unfortunately,passivelearninghasaseriousproblem.Itmakesustendtoacceptwhatwearetoldevenwhenitislittlemorethanhearsay(传闻)andrumor.DidyoueverplaythegameRumor?Itbeginswhenonepersonwritesdownamessagebutdoesn’tshowittoanyone.Thenthepersonwhispersit,wordforword,toanotherperson.Thatperson,inturn,whispersittostillanother,andsoon,throughallthepeopleplayingthegame.Thelastpersonwritesdownthemessagewordforwordasheorshehearsit.Thenthetwowrittenstatementsarecompared.Typically,theoriginalmessagehaschanged.That’swhathappensindailylife.Thesimplefactthatpeoplerepeatastoryintheirownwordschangesthestory.Then,too,mostpeoplelistenimperfectly.Andmanyenjoyaddingtheirowncreativetouchtoastory,tryingtoimproveonit,stampingitwiththeirownpersonalstyle.Yetthosewhohearitthinktheyknow.Thisprocessisalsofoundamongscholarsandauthors:Astatementofopinionbyonewritermayberestatedasfactbyanother,whomayinturnbequotedbyyetanother;andthisprocessmaycontinue,unlessitoccurstosomeonetoquestionthefactsonwhichtheoriginalwriterbasedhisopinionortochallengetheinterpretationheplaceduponthosefacts.1、Accordingtothepassage,activelearningmayoccurin________.A．readingscientificjournalsB．listeningtotheteacherinclassC．doingachemicalexperimentD．watchingnewsprogrammesonTV2、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph2referto?A．Classroom.B．Newspapers.C．Activelearning.D．Passivelearning.3、ThegameRumorismentionedinParagraph4inordertotellreadersthat________.A．playinggamescanmakepeoplemoreactiveB．peopletendtoliketellinglieswhenplayinggamesC．amessagemaybechangedwhenbeingpassedonD．peoplemayhaveproblemswiththeirsenseofhearing4、Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A．Scholarsandauthorscan’tbetrusted.B．Passivelearningmaynotbereliable.C．Peoplelikespreadingrumorsindailylife.D．ActivelearningismoreImportantthanpassivelearning.25．（10分）ChildreninruralareasofCambodiaoftensufferfromorevendieofpreventableillnessesbecausethereisnotanysoapavailable.In2014，SamirLakhani，anAmericancollegestudent，sawtheissuewhilevolunteeringinaCambodianvillage.“Irememberquitevividlyamotherbathinghernewbornbabywithlaundrypowder，whichissoharmfultotheskin，”saidLakhani.“It’sdifficultforruralCambodianstoaccesssoap.Firstisaffordability.Ifyouearnonly$1.50everyday，youwon’tspend$1onabarofsoap.Thencomesaccess.Thedemandissolowthatlocalshopsdon’tstocksoap.Thelastreason，becausemanyCambodiansdon’treallyunderstandwherediseasescomefrom，theydon’tknowhowtopreventthem，includingusingsoap.”Afterfiguringoutasolutiontotheproblem:thebarely-usedsoapinhotels，Lakhanistartedaskinghotelstodonateleftoversoap.“Theywerealleagertohelp，”heexplained.LakhaniregisteredEco-SoapBankshortlyafterwards.Soon，hereceivedenoughfundstohiredisadvantagedCambodianwomentocollectandreproducetheusedsoap.Today，theorganizationhasfourrecyclingcentersacrossthecountry，providingjobsto35localwomen.Andsofar，some174，000barsofsoaphavebeendonated，about24，000poundsofsoaphasbeenrecycled，andhygiene(卫生)hasbeenimprovedforabout661，000people.“Wearekillingthreebirdswithonestone，”Lakhanisaid.WhenitcomestothefutureofEco-SoapBank，Lakhanisaid，“We’vejustscratchedthesurface.LackofhygieneisnotsomethinguniquetoCambodia.Thedemandforimprovedhygieneinthedevelopingworldishuge，andmuchremainstobedone.We’relookingatsevencountriestoexpandtointhenearfuture.”1、WhichofthefollowingisnotmentionedasthereasonwhyruralCambodiansdon’tusesoap?A．Poverty. B．Inaccessibility. C．Unawareness. D．Tradition.2、Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“killingthreebirds”inParagraph5referto?A．Savingsoap，curingdiseasesandprovidingeducation.B．Stoppingpollution，provingjobsandinspiringdonation.C．Reducingwaste，providingemploymentandimprovinghealth.D．Recyclingwaste，helpingcharityandimprovingcommunityhygiene.3、WhatcanweinferaboutEco-SoapBank?A．Itwon’tbelongbeforeitexpandstothewholeworld.B．There’slittleitcandowithoutothercountries’assistance.C．Itwillmakegreatercontributionstothedevelopingworld.D．ItwillsoonsettletheproblemofpoorhygieneinCambodia.4、Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A．Eco-SoapBankhelpsimprovehygiene.B．Cambodianwomenhaveabrightfuture.C．AUSyoungmancallsforhelpingpoorcountries.D．Lackofhygieneremainsaseriousproblemintheworld.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）Deardad,Happybirthdaytoyou!Onthisspecialday,I’dliketotalktoyouinaspecialway.Idon’tthinkI’mgoodattellingyoumythoughtfacetofacewithyou,soI’m1toshowmydeeploveforyou.You’renotarichmanorafamousperson.Butinmyheart,youareoneofthegreatest2intheworld.I’m3you.You’re4interestedinbeingfamousandrich.Youdo5thingslikepayingforyourphoneontime,andworkingasaworkerinyourfactory.Thesmileonyourfaceshowsyou’repleasedwiththefamily.Youtakegoodcareofmygrandparents.YouhelpmewithmyschoolworkanddosomeshoppingwithmomonSundays.Inthepast,Ididn’tcare6youwerewithmeornot.NowIamsorrytosayIdidn’t7youbefore.ButIamthankfulforwhatyouhavedoneforme.IamquiteluckythatIhave8agreatfather.AndIfeelhappythatnowIcanletyouknowhowmuchIloveyou.Youaresuccessfulasason,ahusband,afatherandafriend.Lovefrom,Lydia1、A．writing B．thinking C．reading D．speaking2、A．kids B．adults C．men D．women3、A．worriedabout B．proudof C．afraidof D．sorryfor4、A．always B．ever C．already D．never5、A．common B．interesting C．wonderful D．popular6、A．whether B．that C．what D．where7、A．realize B．regret C．respect D．remind8、A．too B．so C．very D．Such第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27．（15分）WhatisstandardEnglish?IsitspokeninBritain,theUS,Canada,Australia,IndiaandNewZealand?Believeitornot,thereisnosuchthingasstandardEnglish.ManypeoplebelievetheEnglishspokenonTV1．theradioisstandardEnglish.Thisisbecauseintheearlydaysofradio,thosewho2．(report)thenewswereexpectedtospeakexcellentEnglish.However,onTVandtheradioyouwillheardifferencesinthewaypeoplespeak.Whenpeopleusewordsand3．(expression)differentfromthe“standardlanguage”,itis4．(call)adialect.AmericanEnglish5．(have)manydialects,especiallytheMidwestern,southern,AfricanAmericanandSpanishdialects.Eveninsomeparts6．theUSA,twopeoplefromneighboringtownsspeakalittle7．(different).AmericanEnglishhassomanydialectsbecausepeoplehavecomefromallovertheworld.Geographyalsoplaysapartin8．(make)dialects.Somepeople9．liveinthemountainsoftheeasternUSAspeakwithanolderkindofEnglishdialect.WhenAmericansmovedfromoneplacetoanother,theytooktheirdialectswith10．(they).第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）28．（10分）下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。DearTom,Iamdelightedthatyouhavepassedtheexamsuccessful.Whatyouhavegainedaretheresultofyourhardwork.Howtimeflies!It’stwoyearsbeforeyoucametostudyChineseinBeijing.Inthepasttwoyears,youhadhelpedusalot,withoutthatwecouldn’thavemadesuchagreatprogressinEnglish.Beforeyouleave,manyclassmatesandIintendtoholdafarewellpartyforyou,hopethatyoucanrememberthewonderfultimewespenttogether.Intheway,thepartywillbeheldthisSaturdayeveninginmyhouse.WecantaketheNo.1busatthehotelgateandgetoffbusattheBookingBuilding.Iwillbetheremeetingyou.We’relookingforwardtoyourcoming.LiHua第二节书面表达（满分