2021-2022学年上海市牛津上海版高一上学期期中练习英语试卷二解析版(不含听力音频)

2021-2022学年上海市牛津上海版高一上学期期中练习英语试卷二第I卷（共95分）▲I.ListeningComprehensionSectionA（10分）Directions:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.Atabank.B.Atahotel.C.Atarestaurant.D.Atabusstop.2.A.2cents.B.15cents.C.25cents.D.50cents.3.A.Theirwork.B.Theirstudy.C.Thecitylife.D.Theweather.4.A.Michaelwoulddowellonthetest.B.Michaelsurprisedhisprofessor.C.Michaelnevertalkedabouthispast.D.Michaelwouldfail.5.A.Thewoman.B.Thewoman’smother.C.Thechildren.D.Theman.6.A.Thewoman.B.Theman.C.BothofthemD.Neitherofthem.7.A.Teacherandstudent.B.Doctorandpatient.C.Customsofficialandpassenger.D.Shopassistantandcustomer.8.A.It’sdifficult.B.It’seasy.C.It’stooshort.D.Ittakesheronlyonehour.9.A.Hehasnevertakenabushere.B.Hehimselfisastrangerhere.C.Hehasneverheardoftheplace.D.Hedoesn’tlikethewoman.10.A.Thewomanhasfinishedherproject.B.Thewomaniswillingtohelptheman.C.ThewomanwillletBobchatwiththeman.D.Themanislosingpatiencewiththewoman.SectionB（20分）Directions:InSectionB,youwillheartwolongerconversationsandtwoshortpassages,andyouwillbeaskedtwoorthreequestionsoneachofthem.Theconversationsandthepassageswillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11and12arebasedonthefollowingconversation.11.A.Shedidn’tsleepwell.B.Shehadabadcold.C.Shewasfrightened.D.Shehadatoothache.12.A.Pullthetoothout.B.Givethewomananinjection.C.Trytokeepthetooth.D.Fillthebadtooth.Questions13and14arebasedonthefollowingconversation.13.A.Inafarmhouse.B.Intheopenair.C.Atahotel.D.Atamotel.14.A.Itwassunny.B.Itrainednearlyeveryday.C.Itsnowedalot.D.Itwascloudy.Questions15through17arebasedonthefollowingpassage.15.A.Visitinghisteachersanddoingshopping.B.Collectinghispictures.C.Buyinghisflightticket.D.Wanderingaboutintheairportbuilding.16.A.Shirts.B.Gloves.C.Toys.D.Analarmclock.17.A.Helefthissuitcaseintheairportbuilding.B.Hecouldn’tenjoythebeautyoftheevening.C.Hewassuspectedasaterroristandtakentoanairlineoffice.D.Heintendedtovisitmoreteachersandbuymorepresents.Questions18through20arebasedonthefollowingpassage.18.A.Smuggling(走私)cases.B.Theftcases.C.Murderingcases.D.Robberycases.19.A.Smugglingbaggage.B.Cigarettes.C.Rawmaterials.D.Mechanicalequipment.20.A.Thenumberofsmugglingcasesdeclinedlastyear.B.Thesituationofthefightagainstsmugglingremainsserious.C.ThebiggestcasehappenedinShenzhen.D.Thefiguresofsmugglingcasesforthisyeararesurprising.II.GrammarandVocabularySectionA（10分）Directions:Afterreadingthepassagesbelow,fillinblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Thespaceraceisnotsimplytheobjectivesearchforknowledgeitisoftenmadeouttobe.Itisjust____1____extensionoftheraceforpoweronearth.Onlythe____2____(wealthy)nationscancompeteandtheydosointhenameofpurescientificresearch.Butinreality,alltheyareinterested____3____ispowerandprestige.Theywant____4____(impress)us,theirspectators,withamagnificentshowofstrength.Man____5____(play)thepowergameeversinceheappearedonearth.Nowheisplayingitasithasneverbeenplayedbefore.Thespaceraceisjust____6____aspectoftheage-oldargumentthat“Might(实力)isright”.Weareoftentoldthattechnologicalknow-how,acquiredinattemptingtogetusintoorbit,willbeusedtomakelifebetteronearth.Butwhathasthespaceracedonetorelieve(减轻)thesufferingoftheearth’sstarvingmillions?Inwhatwayhasitraisedthestandardoflivingofanyoneofus?Asfarasordinarypeople____7____(concern),thepracticalresultsofallthismoneyandeffortarenotworth____8____(consider).Thankstospaceresearch,we____9____nowseetelevisionpicturestransmittedlivehalf-wayacrosstheglobeandthehousewifecanusenon-stickfrying-pansinthekitchen.Thewholethingbecomesutterlyabsurd(荒谬的)whenyouthinkthatwhateverproblemsmanovercomes,_____10_____isunlikelythathewilleverbeabletotraveleventotheneareststar.【答案】1.an2.wealthiest3.in4.toimpress5.hasplayed##hasbeenplaying6.another7.areconcerned8.considering9.can10.it【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了强国之间的空间竞赛其实是强国之间实力的斗争，而非简简单单知识的探寻。【1题详解】考查不定冠词。句意：它只是地球上权力竞赛的延伸。分析句子可知，空处应使用不定冠词修饰名词，表泛指。由于extension为元音音素开头，应使用an。故填an。【2题详解】考查形容词最高级。句意：只有最富有的国家才能参与竞争，他们这样做是以纯科学研究的名义。根据空前的the及空后的名词nations可知，空处应使用wealthiest，构成形容词最高级。故填wealthiest。【3题详解】考查介词。句意：但实际上，他们感兴趣的只是权力和威望。beinterestedin为固定搭配，意为“对…感兴趣”。故填in。【4题详解】考查不定式。句意：他们想用一种华丽的力量来给我们，他们的观众留下深刻的印象。wanttodosth.为固定句式，意为“想要做某事”。故填toimpress。【5题详解】考查时态。句意：自从人类出现在地球上以来，他就一直在玩权力游戏。分析句子并根据since可知，句子应使用现在完成时或者现在完成进行时。主语Man为第三人称单数形式，其后谓语动词应使用第三人称单数形式。故填hasplayed/hasbeenplaying。【6题详解】考查形容词。句意：太空竞赛只不过是“实力就是权力”这一古老论点的另一个方面。结合句意可知，空处应使用another，表达“另一个”之意。故填another。【7题详解】考查固定用法。句意：对于普通人来说，所有这些金钱和努力的实际结果是不值得考虑的。asfarasab.beconcerned为固定搭配，意为“对…来说”。此处sb.为ordinarypeople，其后be动词应使用are。故填areconcerned。【8题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：对于普通人来说，所有这些金钱和努力的实际结果是不值得考虑的。beworthdoingsth,为固定用法，意为“值得做某事”。故填considering。【9题详解】考查情态动词。句意：多亏了太空研究，我们现在可以看到电视画面传送到半个地球，家庭主妇可以在厨房里使用不粘锅。分析句子可知，句子应使用一般现在时，空处应使用情态动词can，表达“能做某事”。故填can。【10题详解】考查it作形式主语。句意：当你认为无论人类克服了什么样的问题，他都不可能到达最近的星球时，整个事情就变得完全荒谬了。分析句子可知，空处应使用it作形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句。故填it。▲SectionB（10分）Directions:Completethepassagebychoosingtheproperwordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.comb；B.damaged；C.hairdresser；D.shine；E.conditioner；F.dryingG.dryers；H.bald；I.shiny；J.rub；K.shampooNoteveryoneisbornwithbeautifulhair,butbylearningafewhaircarefacts,youcanmakeyourhairlookitsbest.Healthy,attractivehairshould____11____.Whetheryourhairislongorshort,lightordark,itshouldlooksmooth,silkyand____12____.Everydayeventssuchasshampooing,brushingandblow____13____candogreatdamagetoyourhair,causingthedry,brittleandfrizzyappearance.Whenyou____14____yourhair,youshoulduseashampooforyourspecifictypeofhair.Ifyouhavepermed[烫(发)]orcolortreatedhair,youshoulduseashampooforchemicallytreatedhair.Manypeoplebelievethatbabyshampooisverygentleandsafetouseontheirhair.Thisisawrongidea.Leavethebabyshampooforyourbaby.Ifyouarenotsurewhatyourhairtypeisorwhattypeofshampootouse,askyour____15____.Yourhairdressercanrecommendaspecificshampooand____16____tokeepyourhairhealthyandshiny.Brushingyourhaircanactuallyhelpimprovetheshine.Youshouldneverbrushwethair.Whenhairiswetitismuchweakerthanwhenitisdry.Wethairwillbreakveryeasilyifitisnotcombedverygently.Never____17____yourhairbetweenthetoweltodryit,forthiscancauseseverebreakage.Beforecombing,aleave-inconditionershouldbesprayedonthehairtohelprestoreshineandhelpremovetangles.Usingawidetoothcomb,____18____hairfromtheendsandworkyourwayup.Blow____19____areveryconvenientandmanyofususethemdaily.Iftheyareusedincorrectly,theycancausesevereheatdamagetoyourhair.Youshouldallowyourhairtoairdryuntilitisabouthalfwaydry.Ifyoufollowthesehealthyhairpractices,youshouldnoticeanimprovementintheconditionofyourhairwithintwotofourweeks,dependingonhow____20____yourhairis.【答案】11.D12.I13.F14.K15.C16.E17.J18.A19.G20.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍如何保养头发，使头发美丽柔顺。【详解】1.考查动词。句意：健康迷人的头发应该是闪亮的。根据空格前是情态动词should，可知此处要填动词原形。根据句意，此处应该指的是头发闪亮。故选D项。2.考查形容词。句意：不管你的头发是长是短，是亮是暗，它都应该看起来是柔顺的，如丝般的，同时也得是闪亮的。根据空格前有形容词silky和并列连词and，可知此处应该填形容词。根据句意，故选I项。3.考查动名词。句意：每一天，像是洗头，梳头，吹头发都会对头发造成损伤。根据空格前的名词shampooing，brushing，和并列连词and，可知此处也得填动名词形式。根据句意，此处指的是吹头发，故选F项。4.考查动词。句意：当你洗头的时候，你应该使用适合你头发的特定的洗发液。根据空格前后的代词you和名词短语yourhair，可知此处要填谓语动词。根据句意，此处指的是洗头发。故选K项。5.考查名词。句意：如果你不确定你的发质或者该使用哪一款洗发液，那你就问问你的发型师。根据空格前是形容词性物主代词your，可知此处要填名词。根据句意，发型师会了解你的发质，故选C项。6.考查名词。句意：你的发型师会建议你用特定的洗发液和护发素，这样就能保持头发的健康闪亮。根据空格前的名词shampoo和并列连词and，可知此处填名词。根据句意，发型师回退加你使用适合自己的护发素，故选E项。7.考查动词。句意：千万不要用毛巾毛擦头发使其干燥。根据句子结构，可知此处是祈使句，空格出应该填动词。根据句意，此处指的是擦头发。故选J项。8.考查动词。句意：使用宽的牙刷，从根部开始梳头，一直梳到底。根据句型结构，可知此处是祈使句，空格处应该填动词原形。根据句意，此处指的是梳头。故选A项。9.考查名词。句意：吹风机很便利，我们很多人每天都用。are表明此处用名词复数作主语，根据句意，此处应该是指吹风机，故选G项。10.考查形容词。句意：如果你按照这些健康方法去做，考虑到你的发质损伤程度，你能注意到两到四周内你的发质就会有改善。根据语法及句型结构，此处应该是how引起的宾语从句和感叹句式的结合，空格处应该填形容词。根据句意，此处指“受损的”，故选B项。III.ReadingComprehensionSectionA（15分）Directions:Foreachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrases,markedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Wheneverwehearabout“thehomeless”mostofusthinkofthedevelopingworld.Butthe____21____isthathomelessnessiseverywhere.Forexample,howmanyofuswouldexpecttoseepeoplelivingonthestreetsofa____22____countrylikeGermany?KurtMullerandhiswifeRitahavespentelevenyearsmaking____23____forthehomelessofBerlin,Germany’scapital.TheyfirstbeganonelonghotsummerwhenmostGermanswere____24____onholiday.Kurtandhiswifestayedathome,madesandwiches,____25____atableinthestreetandgavefoodtothehomeless.TheMullerssoonrealizedthatfoodandclothingweren’t____26____.“Whatthesepeoplealsoneediswarmthand____27____,”saysRita.TheMullersdidn’t____28____togivetheirphonenumbertothestreetpeopleandtoldthemtophoneanytime.Ritamakesuretherewassomebodyathometoanswerthephoneandtheirhomewasalways____29____toanyonewhocouldn’tfaceanothernightonthestreet.Thecoupleweresoon______30______alltheirtimeandmoney,soKurtvisitedfoodandclothingcompaniestoaskfordonations.Today,overthirtycompaniesregularlydonatefoodandothergoodstothecauseandvolunteershelptodeliverthemtothehomeless.Thepublicalsogiveclothesandmoneyandashoeproducer______31______newshoes.KurtandRitareceiveno______32______fortheirhardwork.“Wefeellikeparents,”saysRita,“andparentsshouldn’t______33______moneyforhelpingtheirchildren.Thelovewegetonthestreetsisoursalary.”ThoughRitaadmitssheoftengets______34______,shesaysshewillcontinuewithherworkbecauseshelikesthefeelingofhavingmadea______35______intheworld.21.A.result B.truth C.reason D.idea22.A.traditional B.developing C.typical D.wealthy23.A.preparations B.houses C.meals D.suggestions24.A.asleep B.alone C.across D.away25.A.broughtup B.setup C.putaside D.gaveaway26.A.enough B.necessary C.helpful D.expensive27.A.fame B.freedom C.courage D.caring28.A.hesitate B.agree C.pretend D.intend29.A.open B.crowded C.noisy D.near30.A.costing B.wasting C.taking D.spending31.A.donates B.produces C.designs D.collects32.A.permission B.payment C.direction D.support33.A.borrow B.raise C.save D.expect34.A.surprised B.excited C.tired D.amused35.A.profit B.difference C.decision D.rule【答案】21.B22.D23.C24.D25.B26.A27.D28.A29.A30.D31.A32.B33.D34.C35.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一对有爱心的德国夫妇为那些无家可归的人做饭，提供住宿，并恳请更多的人们去帮助那些无家可归的人。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但现实就是无家可归的人到处都是。A.result结果；B.truth事实；C.reason理由；D.idea主意。根据but可以判断此句和前句内容是转折关系，再根据空格后表语从句“homelessnessiseverywhere”，到处都有无家可归的人，解释了空格单词的内容，结合选项以及前后逻辑关系，空格应该是“事实”，故选B。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：例如，我们中有多少人会想到有人在德国这样的富裕的国家露宿街头？A.traditional传统的；B.developing发展中的；C.typical典型的；D.wealthy富裕的。根据上文“Wheneverwehearabout“thehomeless”,mostofusthinkofthedevelopingworld.”我们听到无家可归时，总是想到发展中国家。此空出现but后的例子中，与上文转折且空格修饰名词country，应该指的是“发达国家”，也就是富裕的国家，故选D。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：库尔特·穆勒和他的妻子丽塔用11年的时间为德国首都柏林的无家可归者制作食物。A.preparations筹备；B.houses房子；C.meal餐，饭；D.suggestions建议。根据后文“Kurtandhiswifestayedathome,madesandwiches,____5____atableinthestreetandgavefoodtothehomeless.”可知，他们为德国首都柏林的无家可归者做饭，故选C。【24题详解】考查形容词和副词词义辨析。句意：参见上题。A.asleep睡着的；B.alone单独的；C.across穿过；D.away离开，远去。根据上文“Theyfirstbeganonelonghotsummer”他们开始的时候是炎热的夏季，以及下文“Kurtandhiswifestayedathome”他们夫妻待在家里，此空后“onholiday”度假，结合可知，因为炎热，大多数德国人是外出度假，而他们夫妻选择留在家里帮助无家可归的人，故选D。【25题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：库尔特和他的妻子呆在家里，做三明治，在街上摆好桌子，给无家可归的人分发食物。A.broughtup提出；抚养；B.setup搭建；安装；布置；C.putaside储存；D.gaveaway无偿赠送；泄露。此空和“madesandwiches”是递进关系，再根据空格后的宾语table，可知，做好三明治，摆好桌子然后分发食物，故选B。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们很快意识到食物和衣服是不够的。A.enough足够的；B.necessary有必要的；C.helpful有帮助的；D.expensive昂贵的。根据“Whatthesepeoplealsoneediswarmthand____7____,”可知，此处应该表达的是穆勒夫妇意识到只有食物和衣服并不够。故选A。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：丽塔说：“他们还需要温暖和关怀。”A.fame名望；B.freedom自由；C.courage勇气；D.caring关心。此空和and前面的“warmth”并列，再根据上文衣服和食物这样的物质帮助是不够的，还需要温暖和关怀这样精神和心理层面的帮助。故选D。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：穆勒夫妇毫不犹豫地把他们的电话号码给了街上的人，并告诉他们随时打电话。A.hesitate犹豫；B.agree同意；C.pretend假装；D.intend打算。根据下文“andtoldthemtophoneanytime.”告诉他们随时打电话，再根据空格前的否定以及选项的意思，可知应该是没有犹豫地把电话号码给了别人，故选A。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：丽塔要确保有人在家接电话，他们的家总是向任何不能在街上面对另一个夜晚的人开放。A.open开放的；B.crowded拥挤的；C.noisy嘈杂的；吵闹的；D.near近的。根据“TheMullersdidn’t____8____togivetheirphonenumbertothestreetpeopleandtoldthemtophoneanytime.”可知，他们一家随时在都会帮助那些无家可归的人们，所以此处是指她家对那些不想在街上再呆一夜的人是随时敞开着的。beopento意为“对某人是敞开的；对……开放”。故选A。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇很快就花光了所有的时间和金钱，于是Kurt拜访了食物和服装公司来要求他们捐赠。A.costing花费；B.wasting浪费；C.taking带走；D.spending花费。根据下文“soKurtvisitedfoodandclothingcompaniestoaskfordonations.”穆勒夫妇去食品和服装公司找捐赠，可知他们花光了自己的钱，此处用动词过去进行时表示过去将要发生的动作。waste不符合句意；cost主语不能是sb；take也可表示“花费”，但其主语一般是sth.或形式主语it；spend表示“花费”，主语是人。故选D。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：公众也会捐赠衣服和钱，鞋厂也会捐赠新鞋。A.donates捐赠；B.produces生产；C.designs设计；D.collects收集。根据上文“Today,overthirtycompaniesregularlydonatefoodandothergoodstothecauseandvolunteershelptodeliverthemtothehomeless.”公司捐赠物品，此处“ashoeproducer”鞋厂，应该是捐赠新鞋，故选A。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：库尔特和丽塔辛勤工作但没有得到报酬。A.permission许可；B.payment报酬；C.direction方向；D.support支持。根据后句中的“Thelovewegetonthestreetsisoursalary.”可知，此处指穆勒夫妇没有因为他们的艰难工作而得到物质上的报酬，故选B。33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：父母不应该指望从孩子的身上得到钱。A.borrow借；B.raise提高；养育；C.save保存；D.expect期望。根据上句“Wefeellikeparents”我们像父母一样，那么父母是不应该因为帮助自己的孩子而期望得到钱的，故选D。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管丽塔承认她经常感到累，但她说她会继续工作，因为她喜欢那种在世界上有所作为的感觉。A.surprised惊讶的；B.excited兴奋的；C.tired劳累的；D.amused愉快的。空格所在句子和下一句话之间是让步关系，下文说到“shesaysshewillcontinuewithherwork”她会继续工作，根据逻辑关系和句意，应该是尽管累，但仍然会继续，故选C。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管丽塔承认她经常感到累，但她说她会继续工作，因为她喜欢那种在世界上有所作为的感觉。A.profit利润；B.difference差异；C.decision决定；D.rule规则。此处指他们的所作所为有了意义，有了影响，makeadifference有影响，起作用，故选B。SectionB（22分）Directions:Readthefollowingpassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.AMonthlyTalksatLondonCanalMuseumOurmonthlytalksstartat19:30onthefirstThursdayofeachmonthexceptAugust.Admissionisatnormalchargesandyoudon’tneedtobook.Theyendaround21:00.November7thTheCanalPioneers,byChrisLewis.JamesBrindleyisrecognizedasoneoftheleadingearlycanalengineers.Hewasalsoamajorplayerintrainingothersintheartofcanalplanningandbuilding.ChrisLewiswillexplainhowBrindleymadesuchapositivecontributiontotheeducationofthatgroupofearly“civilengineers”.December5thIcefortheMetropolis,byMalcolmTucker.Wellbeforethearrivaloffreezers,therewasademandforiceforfoodpreservationandcatering,Malcolmwillexplainthehistoryofimportingnaturaliceandthetechnologyofbuildingicewells,andhowLondon’sicetradegrew.February6thAnUpdateontheCotswordCanals,byLizPayne.TheStroudwaterCanalismovingtowardsreopening.TheThamesandSevernCanalwilltakealittlelonger.Wewillhaveareportonthepresentstateofplay.March6thEyotsandAits-ThamesIslands,byMirandaVickers.TheThameshadmanyislands.Mirandahasundertakenareviewofallofthem.Shewilltellusaboutthoseofgreatestinterest.Onlinebookings:.uk/bookMoreinto:.uk/whatsonLondonCanalMuseum12-13NewWharfRoad,LondonNI9RT.uk

www.canalmuseum.mobiTel:0207713083636.WhenisthetalkonJamesBrindley?A.February6th. B.December5th.C.November7th. D.March6th.37.WhatisthetopicofthetalkinFebruary?A.TheCanalPioneers. B.AnUpdateontheCotswordCanalsC.EyotsandAits-ThamesIslands D.IcefortheMetropolis38.WhowillgivethetalkontheislandsintheThames.A.MirandaVickers B.MalcolmTuckerC.ChrisLewis D.LizPayne【答案】36.C37.B38.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了伦敦运河博物馆的每月演讲，演讲内容以及安排。【36题详解】细节理解题。根据文中的"November7thTheCanalPioneers,byChrisLewis.JamesBrindleyisrecognizedasoneoftheleadingearlycanalengineers."可知，JamesBrindley在11月7号演说。故选C。【37题详解】细节理解题。根据文中的"February6thAnUpdateontheCotswoldCanals,byLizPayne."可知，2月份讲座的主题是关于AnUpdateontheCotswordCanals。故选B。【38题详解】细节理解题。根据文中的"EyotsandAits-ThamesIslands,byMirandaVickers.TheThameshadmanyislands.Mirandahasundertakenareviewofallofthem."可知，MirandaVickers将要在岛上演说。故选A。【名师点睛】细节事实理解题主要考查考生对文章中某一些特定细节或文章的重要实事的理解能力。它一般包括直接理解题和语义理解题两种。直接理解题的答案与原文直接挂钩，从阅读材料中可以找到。此外，在阅读中可以使用定位法与跳读法解决细节理解题。定位法即根据题干和选项所提供的信息直接从原文中找到相应的句子(即定位)，然后进行比较和分析(尤其要注意一些同义转换)，从而找出正确答案。跳读法即根据题干和选项所提供的信息跳读原文，并找到相关的句子(有时可能是几个句子)或段落，然后进行分析和推理等，从而找出正确答案。以本文第2题为例，本题运用定位法：我们根据题干中“WhatisthetopicofthetalkinFebruary?”，从而直接定位第四段--根据文中的"February6thAnUpdateontheCotswoldCanals,byLizPayne."可知，可知，2月份讲座的主题是关于AnUpdateontheCotswordCanals。故选B。BAyearaftergraduation,Iwasofferedapositionteachingawritingclass.TeachingwasaprofessionIhadneverseriouslyconsidered,thoughseveralofmystorieshadbeenpublished.Iacceptedthejobwithouthesitation,asitwouldallowmetowearatieandgobythenameofMr.Davis.Myfatherwentbythesamename,andIlikedtoimaginepeoplegettingthetwoofusconfused.“Waitaminute”someonemightsay,“areyoutalkingaboutMr.Davistheretiredman,orMr.Davistherespectablescholar?”Thepositionwasofferedatthelastminute,andIwasgiventwoweekstoprepare,aperiodIspentsearchingforbriefcase(公文包)andstandingbeforemyfull-lengthmirror,repeatingthewords,“Hello,class.I’mMr.Davis.”SometimesIwouldgivemyselfanaggressivevoice.SometimesIwouldsoundexperienced.Butwhenthedayeventuallycame,mynerveskickedinandthetrueMr.Daviswasthere.Isoundednotlikeathoughtfulprofessor,butrathera12-year-oldboy.Iarrivedintheclassroomwithpapercardsdesignedintheshapeofmapleleaves.Ihadcutthemmyselfoutoforangeconstructionpaper.Isawninestudentsalongalongtable.Ihandedoutthecards,andthestudentswrotedowntheirnamesandfastenedthemtotheirbreastpocketsasIrequired.“Allrightthen,”Isaid.“Okay,herewego.”ThenIopenedmybriefcaseandrealizedthatIhadneverthoughtbeyondthismoment.Ihadbeenthinkingthatthestudentswouldbethefirsttotalk,offeringtheirthoughtsandopinionsontheeventsoftheday.IhadimaginedthatIwouldsitattheedgeofthedesk,overlookingaforestofhands.Everystudentwouldyell.“Calmdown,you’llallgetyourturn.Oneatatime,oneatatime!”Aterriblesilenceruledtheroom,andseeingnootheropinions,Iinspectedthestudentstopullouttheirnotebooksandwriteabriefessayrelatedtothetopicofdeepdisappointment.39.Theauthortookthejobtoteachwritingbecause_________.A.hewantedtoberespected B.hehadwrittensomestoriesC.hewantedtopleasehisfather D.hehaddreamedofbeingateacher40.Beforehestartedhisclass,theauthoraskedthestudentsto_________.A.writedowntheirsuggestionsonthepapercardsB.cutmapleleavesoutoftheconstructionpaperC.cutsomecardsoutoftheconstructionpaperD.writedowntheirnamesonthepapercards41.Whatdidthestudentsdowhentheauthorstartedhisclass?A.Theybegantotalk. B.Theystayedsilent.C.Theyraisedtheirhands. D.Theyshoutedtobeheard.42.Theauthorchosethecompositiontopicprobablybecause_________.A.hegotdisappointedwithhisfirstclass B.hehadpreparedthetopicbeforeclassC.hewantedtocalmdownthestudents D.hethoughtitwasaneasytopic【答案】39.A40.D41.B42.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了作者当老师所上的第一节课的情景，课堂和自己事先预想的大不一样，这节课竟然很沉闷，这令作者很失望。【39题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的第三句话“Iacceptedthejobwithouthesitation,asitwouldallowmetowearatieandgobythenameofMr.Davis.(我毫不犹豫地接受了这份工作，因为这样我就可以打领带，并以戴维斯先生的名字称呼自己)”可知，作者从事写作教学工作是因为他想被人尊敬。故选A项。【40题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的最后一句话“Ihandedoutthecards,andthestudentswrotedowntheirnamesandfastenedthemtotheirbreastpocketsasIrequired.(我把卡片分发了出去，学生们按照我的要求写下自己的名字，把卡片绑在胸前的口袋里)”可知，在他开始上课之前，作者让学生们把他们的名字写在纸卡片上。故选D项。【41题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“Aterriblesilenceruledtheroom,andseeingnootheropinions,Iinspectedthestudentstopullouttheirnotebooksandwriteabriefessayrelatedtothethemeofdeepdisappointment.(教室里一片可怕的寂静，看不出其他的意见，我检查了学生，拿出他们的笔记本，写了一篇简短的文章，主题是深深的失望)”可知，当作者开始上课时，教室里一片沉静，学生们都保持沉默。故选B项。【42题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段的“Ihadbeenthinkingthatthestudentswouldbethefirsttotalk,offeringtheirthoughtsandopinionsontheeventsoftheday.IhadimaginedthatIwouldsitattheedgeofthedesk,overlookingaforestsofhands.Everystudentwouldyell.“Calmdown,you’llallgetyourturn.Oneatatime,oneatatime!”(我一直以为学生们会第一个发言，就当天的事件发表他们的想法和意见。我曾想象自己会坐在桌子边上，俯瞰一片手的森林。每个学生都会大叫。“冷静点，会轮到你们的。一个一个来，一个一个来！”)”及第五段“Aterriblesilenceruledtheroom,andseeingnootheropinions,Iinspectedthestudentstopullouttheirnotebooksandwriteabriefessayrelatedtothethemeofdeepdisappointment.(教室里一片可怕的寂静，看不出其他的意见，我检查了学生，拿出他们的笔记本，写了一篇简短的文章，主题是深深的失望)”可知，作者想象他的第一节课学生会很积极地发言表达自己的观点，自己只能让学生一次一个地说，可没想到的是自己的第一节课竟然一片寂静，没有人发言，所以作者很失望。由此可知，作者选择那样一个作文题目可能是因为他对他的第一堂课感到失望。故选A项。CTheQueen’sEnglishisnowsoundinglessupper-class,ascientificstudyoftheQueen’sChristmasbroadcastshadfound.ResearchershavestudiedeachofhermessagestotheCommonwealthcountriessince1952tofindoutthechangeinherpronunciationfromthenobleUpperReceivedtotheStandardReceived.JonathanHarringtonaprofessoratGermany’sUniversityofMunich,wantedtodiscoverwhetheraccent(口音)changersrecordedoverthepasthalfcenturywouldtakeplacewithinoneperson.“AsfarasIknow,therejustisnobodyelseforwhomthereisthissortofbroadcastrecords,”hesaid.Hesaidthenoblewayofpronouncingvowels(元音)hadgraduallylostgroundasthenobleupper-classaccentoverthepastyears.“Heraccentsoundsslightlylessnoblethanitdid50yearsago.Butthesearevery,verysmallandslowchangesthatwedon’tnoticefromyeartoyear.”“Wemaybeabletorelateittochangesinthesocialclasses,”hetoldTheDailyTelegraph,aBritishnewspaper.“In1952shewouldhavebeenhearssaying‘thetmeninthebleckhet’.Nowitwouldbe‘thatmanintheblackhat’.And‘hame’ratherthan‘home’.Inthe1950sshewouldhavebeen‘lorst’,butbythe1970s‘lost’.”TheQueen’sbroadcastisapersonalmessagetotheCommonwealthcountries.EachChristmas,the10-minutebroadcastisputonTVat3pminBritainasmanyfamiliesarerecoveringfromtheirtraditionalturkeylunch.(传统火鸡午餐).Theresultswerepublished(发表)intheJournalofPhonetics.43.TheQueen’sbroadcastswerechosenforthestudymainlybecause______.A.shehasbeenQueenformanyyears B.shehasalessupper-classaccentnowC.herspeechesarefamiliartomanypeople D.herspeecheshavebeenrecordedfor50years44.WhichofthefollowingisanexampleofalessnobleaccentinEnglish?A.“duaty” B.“citee” C.“hame” D.“lorst”45.WemayinferfromthetextthattheJournalofPhoneticsisamagazineon_______.A.speechsounds B.Christmascustoms C.TVbroadcasting D.personalmessages46.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Therelationshipbetweenaccentsandsocialclasses.B.TheQueen’sChristmasspeechesonTV.C.Thechangesinaperson’saccent.D.TherecentdevelopmentoftheEnglishlanguage.【答案】43.D44.B45.A46.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。Jonathan教授想知道同一个人的口音在半个世纪的前后会不会发生变化，研究人员对女王的圣诞节发言进行研究后发现她的发音发生了变化，文章中分析了发生变化的原因。【43题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“JonathanHarrington,aprofessoratGermany’sUniversityofMunich,wantedtodiscoverwhetheraccent(口音)changersrecordedoverthepasthalfcenturywouldtakeplacewithinoneperson.“AsfarasIknow,therejustisnobodyelseforwhomthereisthissortofbroadcastrecords,”hesaid.（德国慕尼黑大学的教授JonathanHarrington同一个人的口音在半个世纪的前后会不会发生变化。“据我所知，没有其他人有这种广播记录，”他说）”可知，女王的圣诞播音被选，是因为只有她有50多年的声音记录。故选D。【44题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段的““In1952shewouldhavebeenhearssaying‘thetmeninthebleckhet’.Nowitwouldbe‘thatmanintheblackhat’.And‘hame’ratherthan‘home’.Inthe1950sshewouldhavebeen‘lorst’,butbythe1970s‘lost’.”（“在1952年，人们会听到她说‘thetmeninthebleckhet’。现在是‘thatmanintheblackhat’。‘hame’而不是‘home’。在1950年代，她会说‘lorst’，但到了1970年代，她说‘lost’。”）”可知hame和lorst是贵族式发音，对比lorst推知duaty是贵族式发音。由此可知，citee不是贵族式发音。故选B。【45题详解】推理判断题。根据文章的主要内容可知，文章是关于语音的，再结合最后一段“Theresultswerepublished(发表)intheJournalofPhonetics.（研究结果发表在《语音学杂志》上）”推知，文章是发表在与之有关的杂志上。故选A。【46题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其第一段的“ResearchershavestudiedeachofhermessagestotheCommonwealthcountriessince1952tofindoutthechangeinherpronunciationfromthenobleUpperReceivedtotheStandardReceived.（自1952年以来，研究人员对女王发给英联邦国家的每封邮件进行了研究，以找出她的发音从高贵的“UpperReceived”转变为“StandardReceived”的变化）”和第二段的“JonathanHarrington,aprofessoratGermany’sUniversit