新SAT阅读电子讲义

新SAT阅读讲义

目录

新SAT考试概述(SummaryoftheRedesignedSAT)………………..1

新SAT阅读介绍(IntroductiontotheReadingTest)…………………2

新SAT阅读特色(KeyFeaturesoftheReadingTest)………………·……………….2

四、新SAT阅读策略(ReadingStrategies)……………·……..3

五、常考题型介绍(TypesofQuestions)……….5

附录一：新OG题型汇总(TypesofQuestionsofOG)…………………·……..13

附录二：过渡词汇总结(Transitionwords)……….33

附录三：新OG难句汇总(ComplexSentencesofOG).…·…….35

附录四：新OG拓展阅读(FurtherReadings)…………………….49

SectionlLiterature49

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RLOOOOS72

Section2SocialScience77

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SectionR3S芦产y.......盓

骂骂.......:｝扂

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RH00005....131

Secnon4Sclence...137

RSOOOOl..137

扂＄＄器．．｝勹

RS00004157

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参考答案．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．169

额外笔记区(AdditionalNotes)……..…..…...…………·……..…·…·…...…·……...……...…...170

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新SAT阅读讲义

一、新SAT考试概述(SummaryoftheRedesignedSAT)

CategoryRedesignedSAT

ComponentsI.Evidence-BasedReadingandWriting

ReadingTest

WritingandLanguageTest

2.Math

3.Essay(OptionalandgivenattheendoftheSAT;

postsecondaryinstitutionsdeterminewhethertheywill

requiretheEssayforadmission)

TestLengthComponentTimeAllotted(min.)NumberofQuestions/Tasks

Reading6552

andTiming

Writingand3544

Language

Math8058

Essay501

(optional)

Total180(230withEssay)154(155withEssay)

ScoreReportingScalerangingfrom400to1600

Scalerangingfrom200to800forEvidence-BasedReadingandWriting;

200to800forMath;2to8oneachofthreetraitsforEssay

ImportantNopenaltyforwronganswers

FeaturesFouranswersforeveryquestion

Availableinpaperanddigitalfonns

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、新SAT阅读介绍(IntroductiontotheReadingTest)

►TotalQuestions:

►TotalTime:

►NumberofPassages:

►PassageLength:

►PassageSubject:

►QuestionsperPassage:

一、新SAT阅读特色(KeyFeaturesoftheReadingTest)

►文章类型简约化：

►文章主题明确化：

►文章内容图表化：

►题目类型多元化：

►词汇语境明晰化：

►主旨题考察增多：

►行号题考察减少：

►答题时间相对多：

►选项数量相对少：

►答错不再倒扣分：

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新SAT阅读讲义

四、新SAT阅读策略(ReadingStrategies)

1.LSP(longsinglepassage)

米Basicinfo

•quantity:

•format:

•wordcount:

•timelimit:

米Strategy

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2.LPP(longpaired-passages)

米Basicinfo

•quantity:

•fo1mat:

•wordcount:

•timelimit:

米Strategy

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五、常考题型介绍(TypesofQuestions)

一）信息观点类

1.推理题

ID:

Solution:

2.举证题

ID:

Solution:

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3．主旨题

ID:

Solution:

4.词汇题

ID:

Solution:

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5.因果题

ID:

Solution:

6.假设题

ID:

Solution:

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7.次序题

ID:

Solution:

8.比对题

ID:

Solution:

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二）修辞手法类

9.修辞题

ID:

Solution:

10．作用题

ID:

Solution:

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11.视角题

ID:

Solution:

12.态度题

ID:

Solution:

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三）综合能力类

13.互联题

ID:

Solution:

14.求同题

ID:

Solution:

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15.求异题

ID:

Solution:

16.图文题

ID:

Solution:

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附录一：新OG题型汇总(TypesofQuestionsofOG)

题号题型错题分析(PQO)

OGl-1慨述题

OGl-2修辞题

OGl-3词汇题

OGl-4推理题

OGl-5举证题

OGl-6态度题

OGl-7作用题－段落

OGl-8词汇题

OGl-9因果题

OGl-10举证题

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OGl-11作用题－例子

OGl-12词汇题

OGl-13因果题

OGl-14举证题

OGl-l5态度题

001-16态度题

OGl-l7举证题

OGl-18词汇题

OGl-19作用题－例子

OGl-20图文题

OGl-21因果题

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OGl-22作用题－词汇

OGl-23举证题

OGl-24推理题

OGl-25作用题－例子

OGl-26推理题

001-27作用题－词汇

001-28图文题

OGl-29图文题

OGl-30图文题

001-31图文题

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OGI-32主旨题

OGl-33主旨题

OGl-34作用题航］汇

OGl-35因果题

OGl-36推理题

OGl-37举证题

001-38态度题

OGl-39举证题

OGl-40作用题－词汇

OGl-41作用题－例子

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OGI-42作用题－例子

OGl-43推理题

OGl-44举证题

OGl-45词汇题

OGl-46作用题－例子

OGl-47推理题

001-48词汇题

OGl-49互联题

OGl-50互联题

OGl-51举证题

001-52求同题

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题号题型错题分析(PQO)

OG2-1概述题

OG2-2作用题句子

OG2-3作用题－段落

OG2-4作用题词汇

OG2-5因果题

OG2-6态度题

OG2-7举证题

OG2-8修辞题

OG2-9态度题

OG2-10举证题

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OG2-11主旨题

OG2-12推理题

OG2-13举证题

OG2-l4词汇题

OG2-15作用题－段落

002-16词汇题

OG2-l7举证题

002-18作用题－段落

OG2-19图文题

OG2-20图文题

OG2-21图文题

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OG2-22推理题

OG2-23举证题

OG2-24推理题

OG2-25词汇题

OG2-26作用题－例子

002-27比对题

OG2-28修辞题

002-29主旨题

OG2-30互联题

OG2-31求同题

OG2-32举证题

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OG2-33推理题

OG2-34作用题－词汇

OG2-35推理题

OG2-36举证题

OG2-37词汇题

002-38作用题－词汇

OG2-39词汇题

002-40推理题

OG2-41举证题

OG2-42推理题

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OG2-43作用题－段落

OG2-44词汇题

OG2-45因果题

OG2-46举证题

OG2-47词汇题

002-48推理题

OG2-49举证题

002-50图文题

OG2-51图文题

OG2-52图文题

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题号题型错题分析(PQO)

OG3-l概述题

OG3-2词汇题

OG3-3态度题

OG3-4举证题

OG3-5作用题－例子

OG3-6词汇题

OG3-7推理题

OG3-8推理题

OG3-9态度题

OG3-10举证题

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OG3-11作用题－段落

OG3-12推理题

OG3-13举证题

OG3-l4作用题手艾落

OG3-l5举证题

003-16词汇题

OG3-l7词汇题

003-18举证题

OG3-19图文题

OG3-20图文题

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OG3-21次序题

OG3-22词汇题

OG3-23推理题

OG3-24举证题

OG3-25作用题－例子

003-26次序题

OG3-27推理题

OG3-28词汇题

OG3-29推理题

OG3-30举证题

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OG3-31词汇题

OG3-32推理题

OG3-33举证题

OG3-34推理题

OG3-35词汇题

OG3-36推理题

OG3-37举证题

003-38作用题－例子

OG3-39互联题

OG3-40求同题

OG3-41互联题

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OG3-42作用题－词汇

OG3-43假设题

OG3-44举证题

OG3-45推理题

OG3-46举证题

003-47词汇题

OG3-48作用题－段落

OG3-49假设题

OG3-50图文题

OG3-51图文题

OG3-52图文题

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题号题型错题分析(PQO)

OG4-l态度题

OG4-2举证题

OG4-3词汇题

OG4-4作用题－句子

OG4-5推理题

OG4-6举证题

OG4-7态度题

OG4-8推理题

OG4-9词汇题

004-10词汇题

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OG4-ll概述题

OG4-12推理题

OG4-13词汇题

OG4-l4推理题

OG4-l5举证题

004-16推理题

OG4-l7举证题

004-18词汇题

OG4-l9图文题

OG4-20图文题

OG4-21图文题

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OG4-22主旨题

OG4-23态度题

OG4-24词汇题

OG4-25推理题

OG4-26举证题

OG4-27推理题

OG4-28举证题

OG4-29推理题

OG4-30作用题－符号

OG4-31推理题

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OG4-32求异题

OG4-33词汇题

OG4-34词汇题

OG4-35推理题

OG4-36互联题

004-37举证题

OG4-38互联题

OG4-39举证题

OG4-40互联题

OG4-41求同题

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OG4-42主旨题

OG4-43作用题－全文

OG4-44举证题

OG4-45作用题柿］汇

OG4-46推理题

OG4-47举证题

OG4-48推理题

004-49举证题

OG4-50图文题

OG4-51图文题

OG4-52图文题

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新SAT阅读讲义

附录二·过渡词汇总结(Transitionwords)

1.Transitionsthatshowaddition:And,also,too,inaddition,moreover,besides,

furthe1more,notonly...butalso,aboveall,aswellas,togetherwith,along

with,next

2.Transitionsthatshowtime:before,after,soon,atthetime,when,while,until,

during,immediately,then,now,currently,atpresent

3.Transitionsthatshowillustration:forexample,forinstance,suchas,thatis,

inthiscase,inotherwords,infact,e.g.,i.e.,punctuationmarks(colons,

commas,dashes,parentheses)

4.Transitionsthatshowcomparison:like,as,similarly,inthesameway,aswell,

too,equally,justas...so,as...as,both...and,neither…nor,likewise.

5.Transitionsthatshowcontrast:unlike,differfrom,differentfrom,inconti·ast

with(to),whereas,onthecontrary,ontheotherhand,instead,but,however,

yet,although,nevertheless,eventhough,inspiteof,despite,ratherthan.

6.Transitionsthatshowcauses:since,because,becauseof,dueto,owingto,for,

as,onaccountof,resultfrom,bringabout,leadto

7.Transitionsthatshowresults(consequences):asaresult,therefore,thus,

hence,so,consequently,so...that,resultin,

8.Transitionsthatshowpurpose:inorderto,inthehopethat,soasto,sothat,in

thehopeof.

9.Transitionsthatshowsummary:inaword,inconclusion,onthewhole,in

short,toconclude,letmesun皿arize,tosumup,finally,atlast,inanutshell,

inthefinalanalysis,

10.Transitionsthatshowsequence:f订st,second,third,next,then,afterthat,

finally,lastofall,atthebeginning,one,another,stillanother,soon,later,

initially,intheend,atlast,eventually,

11.Transitionsthatshowcondition:if,unless,onconditionthat,provided(that),

aslongas,incase,suppose,onlyif,

12Transitionsthatshowtheauthor'sopinion:Ithink,itseemstome,my

opinionis,itshouldbenoted,fortunately,unfortunately,happily,itisworth

noting,Ibelieve,Isuggest.

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13.Transitionsthatshowchanges:itseemsthat,Itappears,theoretically,

traditionally,atthefirstglance,it'scommonlythought,contrai·ytopopular

opinion,unexpectedly,unfortunately,surprisingly,paradoxically,fronically,

Note1:sometransitionwordshavethesamemeaningsuchas:also,moreover,

如thermore=inaddition.

Note2:Sometransitionwords,insomecases,cansignalmorethanonetypeof

logicalrelationship.

Forinstance:Whilecanshowtimeandcontrast.

Sothatcanshowpurposeandresult.

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附录三·新OG难句汇总(ComplexSentencesofOG)

新SAT官方指南OGl

第一篇小说，LydiaMinitoya,TheStrangenessofBeauty

1.Hadhefollowedform—hadheaskedhismothertospeakto

hisfathertoapproachago-between-wouldChiehave

beenmorereceptive?

第二篇社会科学，关千礼物赔送的心理

I.Indeed,weproposethatgift-recipientswillbelessinclined

tobasetheirfeelingsofappreciationonthemagnitudeofagift

thangiversassume.

2.Thenotionofgift-giversandgift-recipientsbeingunable

toaccountfortheotherpatty'sperspectiveseemspuzzlingbecause

peopleslipinandoutoftheseroleseveryday,and,insomecases,

multipletimesinthecourseofthesameday.

第三篇自然科学，关千基因组成

I.Thefirstfeatureofourstructurewhichisofbiologicalinterest

isthatitconsistsnotofonechain,butoftwo.

2.Thusonechainis,asitwere,thecomplementoftheother,and

itisthisfeaturewhichsuggestshowthedeoxyribonucleicacidmolecule

mightduplicateitself.

第四篇重要演讲与文献，VirginiaWoolf,ThreeGuineas,1938

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I.Wewhohavelookedsolongatthepageantinbooks,orfroma

curtainedwindowwatchededucatedmenleavingthehouseatabout

nine-thirtytogotoanoffice,returningtothehouseataboutsix-thirty

阮manoffice,needlookpassivelynolonger.

2.Whocansaywhether,astimegoeson,wemaynotdressinmilitary

uniform,withgoldlaceonourbreasts,swordsatoursides,and

somethingliketheoldfamilycoal-scuttleonourheads,savethatthat

venerableobjectwasneverdecoratedwithplumesofwhitehorsehair.

第五篇双篇，关千开发太空资源

I.Theforumcomeshotontheheelsofthe2012unveilingoftwo

privateasteroid-miningfirms.

2.Theyalsohopetobuildanoff-planeteconomy什eeofany

bondswithEarth,inwhichthematerialsextractedandprocessedfrom

themoonandasleroidsaredeliveredforspace-basedprojects.

3.Questionsoftheirstewardshiphavebarelybeenbroached-

andtherelevantlegalandregulatoryframeworkisfragmentary,

toputitmildly.

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新SAT官方指南OG2

第一篇小说］857年，CharlotteBronte的《教授》TheProfessor

1.Thethingitself—theworkofcopyingandLranslatingbusiness

letterswasadryandtedioustaskenough,buthadthatbeenall,

Ishouldlonghavebornewiththenuisance.

2.Iamnotofanimpatientnature,and,influencedbythedouble

desireofgettingmylivingandjustifyingtomyselfandothersthe

resolutionIhadtakentobecomeatradesman,Ishouldhaveendured

insilencetherustandcrampofmybestfaculties.

3.Ishouldhavepentineverysighbywhichmyheartmighthave

venturedtointimateitsdistressunderthecloseness,smoke,

monotony,andjoylesstumultofBigbenClose,anditspantingdes订e

forfreerandfresherscenes.

4.IshouldhavesetuptheimageofDuty,thefetishofPerseverance,

inmysmallbedroomatMrs.King'slodgmgs,andtheytwoshould

havebeenmyhouseholdgods,fromwhichmydarling,my

che门shed扭－secret,In1agination,thetenderandthentighty,should

never,eitherbysoftnessorstrength,haveseveredme.

5.Butthiswasnotall.Theantipathywhichhadsprungupbetween

myselfandmyemployersu加ngdeeperrootandspreadingdenser

shadedaily,excludedmefromeveryglimpseofthesunshineoflife;

andlbegantofeellikeaplantgrowinginhumjddarknessoutofthe

slimywallsofawell.

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6.HadIbeeninanythinginferiortohim,hewouldnothavehated

mesothoroughly;butIknewallthatbeknew,and,whatwasworse,

hesuspectedLhatIkeptr.hepadlockofsilenceonmentalwealth

inwhichhewasnosharer.

7.Ifhecouldhaveonceplacedmeinaridiculousormortifying

position,hewouldhaveforgivenmemuch,butIwasguarded

bythreefaculties-caution,tact,observation;andprowling

andpryingaswasEdward'smalignity,itcouldneverbaffle

thelynx-eyesofthese,mynaturalsentinels.

8.Daybydayd沁hismalicewatchmytact,hopingitwould

sleep,andpreparedtostealsnake-likeonitsslumber;buttact,

ifitbegenuine,neversleeps.

第二篇社会科学，2013年，LainKing《经济可以爱道德吗》

I.Insteadofjudgingconsequences,Aristotlesaidethicswasabout

havingtherightch釭acter-displayingvirtueslikecourageandhonesty

2.Insteadofrootingethicsinchru·acterortheconsequencesof

actions,wecanfocusonouractionsthemselves.

第三篇社会科学，双篇

I.Genuinemultitasking,too,hasbeenexposedasamyth,notjustby

laboratorystudiesbutbythefamiliarsightofanSUVundulating

betweenlanesasthedrivercutdealsonhiscellphones.

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第四篇亟要演讲与文献

背景介绍：Women'srightspioneerElizabethCadyStanton

(1815-1902)gavethispowerfulspeechin1868atthe

Women'sSuffrageConventioninWashington,D.C.Twentyyears

earlier,atSenecaFalls,NewYork,shehadhelpedtolaunchthe

women'srightsmovementinAn1erica.Stantonworkedtirelessly

formorethanhalfacenturytoobtainvotingrightsforAmerican

womenandalsoquestionedthesocialandpoliticalnormsofher

daywhichexcludedwomen.

l.Themaleelementisadestructiveforce,stern,selfish,

aggrandizing,lovingwar,violence,conquest,acquisition,breeding

inlhematerialandmoralworldalikediscord,disorder,disease,anddeath.

2.Themaleelementhasheldhighcarnivalthusfar;ithasfa订ly

runriotfromthebeginning,overpoweringthefeminineelement

everywhere,crushingoutallthedivinerqualitiesmhumannature,

untilweknowbutlittleoftruemanhoodandwomanhood,ofthe

lattercomparativelynothing,forithasscarcebeenrecognized

asapoweruntilwithinthelastcenttu-y.

3.Herethatgreatconservatorofwoman'slove,ifpermittedtoassert

itself,asitnaturallywouldinfreedomagainstoppression,violence,

andwar,wouldholdallthesedestructiveforcesincheck,forwoman

knowsthecostoflifebetterthanmandoes,andnotwithherconsent

wouldonedropofbloodeverbeshed,onelifesacrificedinvain.

第五篇，自然科学，关于InternalWaves

l.Unlikeotherlargewaves,theserollers,calledinternalwaves,

donotridetheoceansu1faces.

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2.Asthesewavesmovetowardland,theybecomesteeper—

muchthesamewaywavesatthebeachbecometallerbefore

theyhittheshore—untiltheybreakonacontinentalshe]f.

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新SAT官方指南OG3

第一篇小说shortstory,TheSchartz-MetterklumeMethod

I.LadyCarlottasteppedoutontotheplatfo1mofthesmallwayside

stationandtookaturnortwoupanddownitsuninterestinglength,

tokilltimetillthe11·ainshouldbepleasedtoproceedonitsway.

2.Then,intheroadwaybeyond,shesawahorsestrugglingwith

amorethanampleload,andacarterofthesortthatseemsto

bearasullenhatredagainsttheanimalthathelpshimtoearnaliving.

3.Certainofheracquaintanceswerewonttogiveherplentiful

admonitionastotheundesirabilityofinterferingonbehalfof

adistressedanimal,suchinterferencebeing"noneofherbusiness."

4.Onlyoncehadsheputthedoctrineofnon-interferenceinto

practice,whenoneofitsmosteloquentexponentshadbeenbesieged

fornearly小reehoursinasmallandextremelyuncomfortable

may-treebyanangryboar-pig,whileLadyCarlotta,ontheotl1erside

oflhefence,hadproceededwitl1thewater-coloursketchshewas

engagedon,andrefosedtointerferebetweentheboarandhisprisoner.

5.Beforeshehadtimetothinkwhathernextmovenlightbeshewas

confrontedbyanimposinglyattiredlady,whoseemedtobetaking

aprolongedmentalinventoryofherclothesandlooks.

6.DuringthedrivetolheQuabarlmansionLadyCarlottawas

impressivelyintroducedtothenatl.ireofthechargethathadbeenthrust

uponher;shelearnedthatClaudeandWilfridweredelicate,

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sensitiveyoungpeople,thatIrenehadtheartistictemperament

highlydeveloped,andthatViolawassomethingorotherelse

ofamouldequallycommonplaceamongchildrenofthatclass

andtypeinthetwentiethcentury.

7.Mrs.Quabarl,touseacolloquialexpression,wasknocked

offherperch.Shewasoneofthoseimperfectlyself-assured

individualswhoaremagnificentandautocraticaslongasthey

arenotseriouslyopposed.

第二篇社会科学，Straphanger:SavingOurcitiesandOurselves

fromtheAutomobile,2012

l.Andyetpublictransportation,inmanyminds,istheoppositeof

glamour-asqualidlastresortforthosewithonetoomany

impaireddrivingch扛ges,toopoortoaffordinsurance,ortoodecrepit

togetbehindthewheelofacar.

2.Anybodywhohaswaitedfartoolongonastreetcomerforthe

privilegeofboardingalurching,overcrowdedbus,orwrestled

luggageontosubwaysandshuttlestogettoabitcityail-port,knows

thattransitonthiscontinenttendstobeunderfunded,ill-maintained,

andill-planned.

3.The"Millenials,"whoreachedadulthoodaroundtheturnofthe

centuryandnowoutnumberbabyboomers,tendtofavorcities

oversuburbs,andarefarmorewillingthantheirparentstoride

busesandsubways.

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4.TheexperienceofEuropeanandAsiancitiesshowsthatifyou

makebuses,subways,andtrainsconvenient,comfortable,fast,

andsafe,asurprisinglylargepercentageofcitizenswilloptto

rideratherthandrive.

第三篇自然科学，关千禽类的飞行方式

1.KensettledontheChukarPartridgeasamodelspecies,

buthemightnothavemadehis小scoverywithoutakeypiece

ofadvicefromthelocalrancherinMontanawhowassupplying

himwithbirds.

2.Thebirdsweredoingtheverysamethingwiththeirwings

tohelpthemscrambleupotherwiseimpossibleslopes.

3.Itnotonlya]]owedyoungbirdstoclimbverticalsurfaceswithjn

thefirstfewweeksoflifebutalsogaveadultsanenergy-efficient

alternativetoflying.

第四篇双篇，币要演讲与文献，关千女性主义

I.Thathalfthehumanraceisexcludedbytheotherhalffromany

pa1ticipationingovenunent;thattheyarenativebybilthbutforeign

bylawintheverylandwheretheywereborn;andthatlheyare

property-ownersyethavenodirectinfluenceorrepresentation:

areallpolitjcalphenomenaapparentlyimpossibletoexplrun

onabstractprinciple.

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2.Isitnotapparent,thattheirdelicateconstitution,theirpeaceful

inclinations,andlhemanydutiesofmotherhood,setthemapart

fromstrenuoushabitsandonerousduties,andsummonthemto

gentleoccupationsandthecaresofthehome?

3.Andisitnotevidentthatthegreatconservingprincipleof

Societies,whichmakesthedivisionofpowersasourceof

harmony,hasbeenexpressedandrevealedbynatureitself,

whenitdividedthefunctionsofthetwosexesinsoobviously

distinctamanner?

4.Youmust,youtrulymustallowthepersistenceofaunion

thatnointer