新课标2024高考英语一轮复习课时作业11-1Friendship新人教版必修1

PAGE1课时作业11-1FriendshipⅠ.阅读下列各句，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的适当形式。1．Beforedrivingintothecity,youarerequiredtogetyourcar________(wash)．2．You'dbetteradd________yourscoresandseeifyouhavepassedtheexam.3．Isuggestthatheshouldcalm________，orelsehecouldmakethingsworse.4．Withmoreandmoreforestsdisappearing,todaythepublicismuchconcerned________thewaynatureisbeingruined.5．While________(stay)inthevillage，Jamsselflesslysharedwhateverhehadwiththevillagerswithoutaskingforanythinginreturn.6．Notuntilhewent________realhardshipdidherealizethelovewehaveforourfamiliesisimportant.7．Heset________everythinghewent________inthesmalltown.8．Therewasatime________theskywasblueandtheairwasclean.9．Heletoutthesecret________purpose________ordertoearnmoney.10．Itwasthefirsttimeshe________(witness)suchaheavysnowstorm.11．Ioftentalkwithmydaughterface________face________dusk.12．Beinginjuredinthelegmade________impossibleformetowalkasfastasusual.13．Wesuffered________aseriesofnaturaldisastersinthe1980s.14．Tired________switchingfromonecompanytoanother,hefinallyfoundapermanentjobinthegovernment.15．Ihadtrouble________(figure)outwhathemeant.16．Wefell________lovewiththevillageandgotalongwell________thelocalpeople.17．It'snopleasure________(go)campingonsuchafoggyday.18．Mymother________(entire)devotedherselftohelpingthepoorchildren.19．Heworked________(outdoor)andgotsunburnt.20．Thetwobrotherslook________(exact)alike.答案1．washed2.up3.down4.about5.staying6．through7.down;through8.when9.on;in10．hadwitnessed11.to;at12.it13.from14．of15.(in)figuring16.in;with17.going18．entirely19.outdoors20.exactlyⅡ.阅读理解A(2024年高考·课标全国卷Ⅱ)We'veallbeenthere:inalift,inlineatthebankoronanairplane，surroundedbypeoplewhoare,likeus，deeplyfocusedontheirsmartphonesor,worse,strugglingwiththeuncomfortablesilence.What'stheproblem?It'spossiblethatweallhavecompromisedconversationalintelligence.It'smorelikelythatnoneofusstartaconversationbecauseit'sawkwardandchallenging,orwethinkit'sannoyingandunnecessary.Butthenexttimeyoufindyourselfamongstrangers，considerthatsmalltalkisworththetrouble.Expertssayit'saninvaluablesocialpracticethatresultsinbigbenefits.Dismissingsmalltalkasunimportantiseasy,butwecan'tforgetthatdeeprelationshipswouldn'tevenexistifitweren'tforcasualconversation.Smalltalkisthegrease(润滑剂)forsocialcommunication,saysBernardoCarducci,directoroftheShynessResearchInstituteatIndianaUniversitySoutheast.“Almosteverygreatlovestoryandeachbigbusinessdealbeginswithsmalltalk，”heexplains,“Thekeytosuccessfulsmalltalkislearninghowtoconnectwithothers,notjustcommunicatewiththem.”Ina2024study,ElizabethDunn,associateprofessorofpsychologyatUBC,invitedpeopleontheirwayintoacoffeeshop.Onegroupwasaskedtoseekoutaninteraction(互动)withitswaiter;theother,tospeakonlywhennecessary.Theresultsshowedthatthosewhochattedwiththeirserverreportedsignificantlyhigherpositivefeelingsandabettercoffeeshopexperience.“It'snotthattalkingtothewaiterisbetterthantalkingtoyourhusband，”saysDunn.“Butinteractionswithperipheral(边缘的)membersofoursocialnetworkmatterforourwell­beingalso.”Dunnbelievesthatpeoplewhoreachouttostrangersfeelasignificantlygreatersenseofbelonging,abondwithothers.Carduccibelievesdevelopingsuchasenseofbelongingstartswithsmalltalk.“Smalltalkisthebasisofgoodmanners，”hesays.1．Whatphenomenonisdescribedinthefirstparagraph?A．Addictiontosmartphones.B．Inappropriatebehavioursinpublicplaces.C．Absenceofcommunicationbetweenstrangers.D．Impatiencewithslowservice.2．WhatisimportantforsuccessfulsmalltalkaccordingtoCarducci?A．Showinggoodmanners. B．Relatingtootherpeople.C．Focusingonatopic.D．Makingbusinessdeals.3．Whatdoesthecoffee­shopstudysuggestaboutsmalltalk?A．Itimprovesfamilyrelationships.B．Itraisespeople'sconfidence.C．Itmattersasmuchasaformaltalk.D．Itmakespeoplefeelgood.4．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．ConversationCountsB．WaysofMakingSmallTalkC．BenefitsofSmallTalkD．UncomfortableSilence答案与解析本篇是关于人际交往的说明文，主题是讲闲聊的重要性。1．C细微环节理解题。依据题干的关键词“firstparagraph”定位到文章的第一段，依据内容surroundedbypeoplewhoare,likeus,deeplyfocusedontheirsmartphonesor,worse,strugglingwiththeuncomfortablesilence,表达含义是：围围着一些，就像我们这样的，专注手机的人或者更为糟糕的是在这种令人不舒适的宁静中挣扎，所以选项C正确。2．B细微环节理解题。依据题干的关键词“successfulsmalltalk和Carducci”定位到文章的第三段Carducci所说的三句话，分别是smalltalkisthegreaseforsocialcommunication;almosteverygreatlovestoryandeachbigbusinessdealbeginswithsmalltalk;最核心的句子是最终一句：Thekeytosuccessfulsmalltalkislearninghowtoconnectwithothers,notjustcommunicatewiththem.表达含义是：胜利谈话的关键是学会如何和别人产生联系而不仅仅是和他们沟通，所以选项B正确。3．D细微环节理解题。依据题干的关键词“coffee­shopstudy”定位到文章的第四段，依据两组对比产生的结果：Theresultsshowedthatthosewhochattedwiththeirserverreportedsignificantlyhigherpositivefeelingsandabettercoffeeshopexperience.表达含义是：结果显示这些和服务员闲聊的人都会报告说有更主动的感受和更好的咖啡店的体验，所以选项D正确。4．C主旨大意题。依据题干的关键词“besttitle”得知这是一道主旨大意题，所以这道题只有纵观全文，当然可以借助前面两道题的题干知道文章关键词就是“smalltalk”，所以锁定B和C项，再结合文章大意得知文章重点描述：闲聊的好处而非如何进行闲聊，所以选项C正确。BTheworld'spopulationisprojectedtoreach11billionbytheendofthecentury.Feedingthatmanypeoplewillbeachallenge,anditisfurthercomplicatedbytheimpactofclimatechangeonagriculture.Thatiswhysomepeopleadvocateanunusualwaytoboostthefoodsupplyandfeedpeoplesustainablybyeatinglessmeatandmoreinsects.About2billionpeoplealreadyeatbugs.Mexicansenjoychilly­toastedgrasshoppers.Thaistuckintocricketstir­friesandGhanaianssnackontermites.InsectsareslowlycreepingontoWesternmenusasnoveltyitems,butmostpeopleremainsqueamish(拘谨)．Yettherearethreereasonswhyeatinginsectsmakessense.First,theyarehealthierthanmeat.Therearenearly2，000kindsofedibleinsects,manyofthempackedwithprotein,calcium,fiber,ironandzinc.Asmallservingofgrasshopperscancontainaboutthesameamountofproteinasasimilarsizedservingofbeef,buthasfarlessfatandfarfewercalories.Second,raisinginsectsischeap,orfree.Littletechnologyorinvestmentisneededtoproducethem.Harvestinginsectscouldprovidelivelihoodstosomeoftheworld'spoorestpeople.Finally,insectsarefarmoresustainablesourceoffoodthanlivestock.Livestockproductionaccountsfornearlyafifthofallgreenhousegasemissions,that'smorethantransport.Bycontrast,insectsproducerelativelyfewgreenhousegasesandraisingthemrequiresmuchlesslandandwater.Andtheyeatalmostanything.Despiteallthis,mostWesternersfindinsectshardtoswallow.Onesolutionistouseproteinextractedfrombugsinotherproductssuchasreadymealsandpastasauces.Nothavingtolookatthebugsandemphasizingtheenvironmentalbenefitsmightmaketheideaofeatinginsectsabitmorepalatable.5．Whatisthedirectreasonwhysomepeopleadvocateeatinginsects?A．Insufficientfoodsupply.B．Climatechange.C．Therapidincreaseofpopulation.D．Insects'highnutrition.6．Fromthepassage,wecaninferthat________．A．eatinginsectsishealthierthaneatingbeefB．eatinginsectsispopularamongwesternersC．eatinginsectscanhelppeopleloseweightD．eatinginsectscauseslessdamagetotheenvironment7．Howcanwemakeitmoreacceptabletoeatinsects?A．Byclosingyoureyeswheneatinginsects.B．Byeatinginsectstogetherwithotherfood.C．Byputtinginsects'nutrientsintootherfoodproducts.D．Byconsideringtheenvironmentalbenefitsofeatinginsects.答案与解析这篇文章主要讲了由于将来世界人口的持续增长，导致食物供应不足，所以有人提议吃昆虫，并且对吃昆虫的好处进行了分析。5．A细微环节理解题。依据Feedingthatmanypeoplewillbeachallenge,anditisfurthercomplicatedbytheimpactofclimatechangeonagriculture.Thatiswhysomepeopleadvocateanunusualwaytoboostthefoodsupplyandfeedpeoplesustainablybyeatinglessmeatandmoreinsects.可知一些人提倡吃昆虫的最干脆的缘由就是食物供应不足，选A。6．D推理推断题。由Bycontrast,insectsproducerelativelyfewgreenhousegasesandraisingthemrequiresmuchlesslandandwater.Andtheyeatalmostanything.可推断出人类吃昆虫对环境造成的危害更少，选D。7．C细微环节理解题。由Onesolutionistouseproteinextractedfrombugsinotherproductssuchasreadymealsandpastasauces.Nothavingtolookatthebugsandemphasizingtheenvironmentalbenefitsmightmaketheideaofeatinginsectsabitmorepalatable.可知把昆虫的养分放入其他食物里，这样我们更简单接受吃昆虫，选C。Ⅲ.语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。(2024年高考·课标全国卷Ⅰ)Accordingtoareviewofevidenceinamedicaljournal,runnerslivethreeyears__1__(long)thannon­runners.Youdon'thavetorunfastorforlong__2__(see)thebenefit.Youmaydrink,smoke,beoverweightandstillreduceyourriskof__3__(die)earlybyrunning.Whilerunningregularlycan'tmakeyouliveforever,thereviewsaysit__4__(be)moreeffectiveatlengtheninglife__5__walking,cyclingorswimming.Twooftheauthorsofthereviewalso