2024-2025年中考专题 被动语态 课件

中考被动语态专项目录一、定义和构成二、不同时态的被动语态和句式变化三、用法和注意事项：无被动和其他特殊情况四、做题方法和练习题一、定义和构成1定义动作执行者/发出者主动语态被动语态动作承受者/接收者语态

:动词的一种形式，说明主语和谓语动词的关系。Manypeople plant trees.Treesareplanted by manypeople.主动语态被动语态主语谓语宾语主语宾语谓语主动变被动方法:1.主变宾，宾变主2.谓动变成be+done3.by在被动宾前加4.其他成分都不变2结构结构：主语+助动词(be)+动词过去分词Treesareplanted by manypeople.注意：be动词有人称和数的变化过去分词的变化-规则变形一般直接加-ed；见e直接加-d;重读闭音节,双写尾字母再加-ed；辅y结尾变为i，再把ed加。show--showedwash--washedwatch--watchedstop--stoppedplan--plannedtrip—trippeddrop—droppedtry--triedcry—criedstudy--studiedcarry—carriedlive--livedhope--hopeddance--danced过去分词的变化-不规则变形put_______________cut_______________hurt_______________begin_______________drink_______________fall_______________run_______________come_______________become_______________think_______________buy_______________bring_______________teach_______________catch_______________feel_______________keep_______________sleep_______________sell_______________hold_______________putputcutcuthurthurtbeganbegundrankdrunkfellfallenranruncamecomebecamebecomethoughtthoughtboughtboughtbroughtbroughttaughttaughtcaughtcaughtfeltfeltkeptkeptsleptsleptsoldsoldheldheld

二、不同时态的被动语态和句式变化主动语态被动语态一般现在时do/doesam/is/are+done一般过去时didwas/were+done一般将来时will+dowillbe+done现在完成时have/has+donehave/hasbeen+done含有情态动词情态动词+do情态动词be+done注：标红为课标要求1.不同时态的被动语态2.句式变化一般现在时1243肯定句：主语+am/is/are+过去分词+其他否定句：主语+am/is/are+not+过去分词+其他一般疑问句：Am/is/are+主语+过去分词+其他特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+am/is/are+主语+过去分词+其他一般过去时1243肯定句：主语+was/were+过去分词+其他否定句：主语+was/were+not+过去分词+其他一般疑问句：Was/were+主语+过去分词+其他特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+过去分词+其他含有情态动词1243肯定句：主语+情态动词+be+过去分词+其他否定句：主语+情态动词+not+be+过去分词+其他一般疑问句：情态动词+主语+be+过去分词+其他特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+情态动词+主语+be+过去分词+其他

三、用法和注意事项1.用法1.不知道或没有必要强调动作的执行者2.需要强调动作的承受者，3.出于礼貌方面的考虑不愿说出动作的承受者ThesebooksarewrittenforstudentsChineseisspokenbymoreandmorepeopleintheworld.Hewasaskedtogiveatalk2.注意事项主系表结构1therebe结构2主动句的谓语动词为不及物动词34主动句中宾语是反身代词无被动语态的情况Mymothergaveme

apencil.一、含有双宾语的主动句变被动句双宾语直接宾语间接宾语动作的承受者：表示物的宾语apencil动作的目标：表示人的宾语me其他特殊情况可接双宾语的词：搭配to:

bring,give,ask,lend,send,show,take,tell，pass搭配for:buy，order，cookMymothergaveme

apencil

间接宾语直接宾语间接宾语做主语直接宾语做主语I

wasgivenapencilbymymother.Apencilwasgiven

to

mebymymother.注意：直接宾语做主语，要在间接宾语前加介词to或forHelooksafterhisyoungersister.Hisyoungersisterislookedafterbyhim.注意：介词不可省略二、动词短语变被动动词+介词动词+副词动词短语三、主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语结构变被动I

see

a

boy

playintheplayground.

A

boy

is

seen

to

play

into

the

building.Hemakesthegirlstayathome.Thegirlismade

tostayathomebyhim.主动句的宾语补足语是不带to的动词不定式，变被动应加上to常见不带to的结构：感官动词：hear,feel,notice,watch,see,look,observe使役动词：make，let，have一、定语态二、判时态三、变被动标志词&上下句做题方法1.English__________(use)asaforeignlanguageinourcountry.2.I________________(invite)tothepartyyesterday.3.Thefilm________________(show)ontheTVnextmonth.4.Thetask_______________(finish)inanhour.5.Weusethecameratotakephotos.(改为被动语态)Thecamera________________totakephotosbyus.6.Theythoughtmyfatherˈsoldtoolscould_________(put)togooduse.例题isusedwasinvitedwillbeshownwillbefinishedisusedbeput1.Theplay____________(show)atthetheatrenextSunday.2.Jillwearspairofblackpearlearrings.(改为被动语态)Apairofblackpearlearrings________________byJill.3.Wastepapershouldn’t____________(throw)everywhere.4.Thepicture_______________(create)byagroupofstudents.5.Chinese____________(spe