2024-2025学年高中英语Unit2WorkingthelandSectionⅡWarmingUpandReading-LanguagePoints练习新人教版必修4

PAGEPAGE1SectionⅡWarmingUpandReading——LanguagePoints[随堂巩固]Ⅰ.单词拼法1．Bornintoapoorfamily，hehasa________(渴望)togettothetopofsociety.2．Youareeasytoget________(晒黑的)whenstayingonthebeachinsuchahotday.3．Theywere________(艰难地行进)upthehillwiththeheavybags.4．Thecountryhasgainedlargequantitiesofprofitsby______(出口)itsnaturalresourcestoothercountries.5．Manypeopleenjoytravelingto________(增加)theirknowledge.6．Hawkingisofteninvitedaroundtheworld________(传播)histheoryof“BlackHole”．7．Theaverage______(产量)ofthefactoryis20carsaday.8．They________(装备)themselvesfortheexpedition.9．Whatisyour________(国籍)?10．Pleasegiveyourname，addressand________(职业)．答案1.hunger2.sunburnt3.struggling4.exporting5.expand6.circulating7.output8.equipped9.nationality10.occupationⅡ.短语选填as...as；rid...of...；equip...with...；struggleagainst；careabout；thanksto；wouldrather；carefor；makeadifference；besatisfiedwith1．Weshouldbebraveto________________thedifficulty.2．________________yourhelp，muchtroublewasavoided.3．Itisveryhardforthepeopleto________theEarth________pollution.4．I________________choosetogiveupthangiveintohim.5．Thebedroomistwice__________big__________thekitchen.6．Asafamousperson，hedoesn’t________much________money.7．Helikespop；he________________classicalmusicaswell.8．BothheandI________________theresult.9．Ifeveryoneisdevotedtodoingsomemeaningfulthings，theyallwill________________inthisworld.10．Hehas________himself________muchexperienceinworking.答案1.struggleagainst2.Thanksto3.rid；of4．wouldrather5.as；as6.care；about7.caresfor8.aresatisfiedwith9.makeadifference10．equipped；withⅢ.课文语法填空YuanLongping，theFatherofSuperHybridRice，isafamousscientist.He1.________(struggle)forthepastfivedecades2.________theChinesefarmers.In1953whenYuanLongping3.________(graduation)fromcollege,4.________(hungry)wasa5.________(disturb)probleminmanypartsofthecountryside.Therefore，Yuanwantedtohelpridhismotherlandofhungerby6.________(increase)thericeoutputwithout7.________(expand)theareaofthefieldsandhemade8.________.YuanLongping’sanotherdreamis9.________(export)hisricetotheworld.ThankstoYuanLongping，theUNhasmoretoolsinthebattle10.________hungerthroughouttheworld.答案1.hasstruggled2.for3.graduated4.hunger5．disturbing6.increasing7.expanding8.it9.toexport10.against[限时训练][限时30分钟]Ⅰ.阅读理解AAnaverage30­year­oldpersonwhohaseatenthreemealsadaysincebirthhaseatenmorethan30,000mealstodate.Evenifyou’veonlyeatenhalfthatmuchhavetoadmitthis：you’veletsomeofthatbreakfast，lunchordinnergotowaste.Anditturnsoutwe’realltoblameforthisshamingfact：30%ofallfoodproducedintheworldeachyeariswastedorlost.That’sabout1.3billiontons，accordingtoanewreportbytheU．N.FoodandAgricultureOrganization.That’stheweightofmorethan8.6millionfull­grownbluewhales，thelargestcreaturesonearth.That’stheweightofmorethan2.3millionAirbusA380s，thelargestplanesinexistence.That’sasifeachpersoninChina，theworld’smostpopulouscountrywithmorethan1.3billionpeople，haddonetonmassoffoodthrownintothedustbin.It’salmostunfathomable，isn’tit?Settingasidethatbignumber，wefindthepeoplewiththemostmoneyaretheoneswhowastethemost.Onaverage，apersoninEuropeanandNorthAmericancountrieswastesbetween95and115kilogramsoffood.Sub­SaharanAfrican，SouthAsianandSoutheastAsiancountrieswastemuch，muchless－between6and11kilogramsperperson.Here’sanotherstatistic：allthefoodthattheworld’srichestcountrieswasteisaboutequaltoallthefoodthatsub­SaharanAfricaproduces.Thenumbers：222milliontonsand230milliontons，respectively(分别地)．Basically，thewastedfoodoftherichcouldfeedmuchoftheAfricancontinent.Andthesenumberscomeaswe’vejustbeenreportingaboutrisingfoodpricesaroundtheworldinthepastweek.Andmyownpersonaltip：ifIeatatarestaurantandcan’tfinishitall，Iaskforadoggiebag.IusedtobeawaiteryearsagoandwillneverforgettheamountsoffoodIsawleftonthetableafterthebillwaspaid.There’snoreasontowastefood.It’suptoallofustouseourcommonsensetoeatandshopjustabitmorewisely.[语篇解读]本文为一篇说明文。依据联合国粮农组织的一份报告，目前全球生产出来的30%的食物在消费过程中被奢侈。1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“unfathomable”inParagraph2mean?A．Possibletoimagine.B．Impossibletochange.C．Impossibletounderstand.D．Possibletounderstand.解析词义揣测题。依据其次段可知，每年奢侈的食物的重量超过了860万头地球上最大的动物——蓝鲸的重量，也超过了230万架世界上现有的最大的飞机——空中客车A380的重量。这也好比在世界拥有超过13亿人的人口最多的国家——中国，人均向垃圾桶里倾倒一吨的食物。由此可推知这种现象使人难以理解。unfathomable意为“难以理解的；深不行测的”。答案C2．Itcanbelearnedthatthefoodtherichwastecansupport________.A．halfthepeopleinEuropeB．mostpeopleofAmericaC．mostpeopleofAsiaD．mostpeopleofAfrica解析细微环节理解题。依据第四段倒数其次句“Basically，thewastedfoodoftherichcouldfeedmuchoftheAfricancontinent.”可推知，富有的国家奢侈的食物可以养活非洲大陆大部分地区的人。答案D3．Theauthorgavehispersonaltipbasedonthefactthat________.A．hewasonceverypoorB．hewasonceafarmerC．heonceworkedinarestaurantD．thepriceoffoodisveryhigh解析细微环节理解题。依据最终一段其次句“IusedtobeawaiteryearsagoandwillneverforgettheamountsoffoodIsawleftonthetableafterthebillwaspaid.”可知，作者的建议是依据他曾是一个餐馆服务员的工作经验而给出的。答案C4．Whatisthepurposeofthisarticle?A．Toshowtheauthor’sopinionoffood.B．Toletuslivemorewiselyandnotwastefood.C．Toshowtheamountofwastedfoodayear.D．ToasktherichestcountriestohelpAfricanpeople.解析写作意图题。依据第一段倒数其次句“Anditturnsoutwe’realltoblameforthisshamingfact:30%ofallfoodproducedintheworldeachyeariswastedorlost.”和最终一段最终两句“There’snoreasontowaste...andshopjustabitmorewisely.”可推知，文章的写作目的在于让人们不要奢侈食物，要更明智地生活。答案BBYou’reinabitofadilemmastandinginfrontoftheproducesectionofyourlocalsupermarket.Inonehand，you’reholdingaconventionallygrownGrannySmithapple.Inyourotherhand，youhaveonethat’sbeenorganicallygrown.Bothapplesarefirm，shinyandgreen.Bothprovidevitaminsandfiber，andbotharefreeoffat，sodiumandcholesterol.Theconventionallygrownapplecostslessandisaprovenfamilyfavorite.Buttheorganicapplehasalabelthatsays“USDAOrganic”．Doesthatmeanit’sbetter？Safer？Morenutritious？Becomeabetterinformedconsumerforyournexttriptothesupermarket.Severaldifferencesbetweenorganicandnon­organicfoodsexist.Theword“organic”referstothewayfarmersgrowandprocessagriculturalproducts，suchasfruits，vegetables，grains，dairyproductsandmeat.Organicfarmingpracticesaredesignedtoencouragesoilandwaterconservationandreducepollution.Farmerswhogroworganicproduceandmeatdon’tuseconventionalmethodstofertilize，controlweedsorpreventlivestockdisease.Hereareotherdifferencesbetweenconventionalfarmingandorganicfarming：ConventionalfarmersOrganicfarmersApplychemicalfertilizerstopromoteplantgrowth.Applynaturalfertilizerstofeedsoilandplants.Applyinsecticidetoreducepestsanddisease.Usebeneficialinsectsandbirdstoreducepestsanddisease.Giveanimalsantibiotics，growthhormonesandmedicationstopreventdiseaseandpromotegrowth.Giveanimalsorganicfoodsandallowthemaccesstotheoutdoors.Usepreventivemeasures－suchasabalanceddietandcleanhousing－tohelpminimizedisease.*OrganicornotcheckthelabelTheU．S.DepartmentofAgriculture(USDA)hasestablishedanorganiccertificationprogramthatrequiresallorganicfoodstomeetstrictgovernmentstandards.Thesestandardsregulatehowsuchfoodsaregrown，handledandprocessed.AnyfarmeroffoodmanufacturerwholabelsandsellsaproductasorganicmustbeUSDAcertifiedasmeetingthesestandards.Onlyproducerswhoselllessthan$5,000ayearinorganicfoodsareexempt(免除)fromthiscertification.IfafoodbearsaUSDAOrganiclabel，itmeansit’sproducedandprocessedaccordingtotheUSDAstandards.Thesealisvoluntary，butmanyorganicproducersuseit.[语篇解读]本文为一篇说明文。“有机食品”一词对我们来说耳熟能详。但有机食物和一般的食物在农业生产过程中究竟有怎样的差异，并不是每一个人都很清晰。5．Themainpurposeofthepassageisto________.A．promotethesalesoforganicfoodsB．informpeoplethatorganicfoodsarebetterfortheirhealthC．compareconventionalandorganicfoodsD．persuadepeopletobecomeinformedconsumers解析主旨大意题。该题目事实上是在考查文章是围绕什么内容绽开的。文章的第一段就提出了conventionalapple和organicapple的不同概念，下文就这两种事物进行了对比，故该文章的写作目的是告知人们传统食品与有机食品的差别。答案C6．Accordingtothepassage，organicfarmingisintendedto________.A．improvethequalityofthesoilandwaterB．taketheplaceofthetraditionalagricultureentirelyC．preventlivestockfromgettingdiseasemoreeffectivelyD．adoptenvironmentally­friendlymethodstogrowplantsandfeedanimals解析细微环节理解题。文章表格中对有机农业和传统农业做法的对比体现了有机农业的优势：在对环境有益的基础上生产健康的食品。由此可知，有机农业旨在通过对环境有益的方法进行生产。答案D7．Whichofthefollowingmethodsbelongstoorganicfarming?A．Usingchemicalstokillinsectsandpreventdisease.B．Usingrottedplantsasfertilizerstopromoteplantgrowth.C．Usinggrowthhormonestospeedupanimals’growth.D．Usingpeststoreduceinsectsanddisease.解析细微环节理解题。依据表格右栏中的“Applynaturalfertilizerstofeedsoilandplants.”可知B项正确。A项中的chemicals，C项中的hormones以及D项中的pests均不符合有机农业的要求。答案B8．Fromthepassageweknowtheorganiccertificationprogram________.A．isnotmeantforproduceofallproducersB．makesitamusttoattachaUSDAOrganiclabelC．setsrestrictionsonthesalesoforganicproduceD．requiresallfoodstosatisfythestrictgovernmentstandards解析细微环节理解题。依据最终一段可知，并非全部农产品的生产商都要给他们的产品进行有机认证。答案AⅡ.阅读填句HowtoMakeFriendswithNeighborsMostpeoplehaveneighborswheretheylive，whetheritisinahouse，atownhouse，oranapartment.Youwanttobefriendswithyourneighbors，notenemies.Herearesometipstomakethathappen.Gettoknowyourneighbors.Ifyouaretheonesmovinginandnobodyhascometogreetyou，introduceyourselftoyourneighbors.__1__Ifyouseesomeonewithamovingtruckmovingin，introduceyourselfandoffertohelp.Takethemahome­treat，suchascookiesorbread，andwelcomethemtotheneighborhood.__2__TakealoafofbreadoraplateofcookiesorbrowniesandwishthemaMerryChristmas.YoucanmakealittlebagofcandytotaketothemandwishthemaHappyHalloween.Inviteyourneighborstodinnerorabarbecue.Youcangettoknowthemoveradeliciousmeal.Don’taskthemtobringanything.__3__Youcanalsoinviteyourneighborovertoyourhouseifyouarewatchingafootball，baseball，orothersportsyouthinktheymightbeinterestedin.Beconsideratetoyourneighbors.__4__Youdon’twanttobetheannoyingneighborswhohavenoconsiderationforothersintheneighborhood.Keepyourargumentswithinthewallsofyourhouse.Don’trunoutsideyellingatoneanother，creatingahugescene.Nobodywantstoknowaboutyourpersonalorfamilyproblems.Letyourchildrenplaytogether.Don’tdiscourageyourchildrenfromplayingwithyourneighbor’schildrenbecauseofreligion，race，orotherpettythings.__5__A．Helpoutwithyardwork.B．WishthemHappyHolidays.C．Iftheyoffer，begraciousandacceptit.D．Gouptoyourneighbor’shouseandsayhello.E．Ifyouseeyourneighborworkingoutinhisorheryard，offerahelpinghand.F．Don’tplaysuperloudmusicintheearlymorningorafternineo’clockatnight.G．Theywillprobablygrowuptogether，soavoidcreatingenemiesandmakefriendsinstead.[语篇解读]本文为说明文，介绍了如何与邻居交挚友。1．解析依据本段主题句：起先去结识你的挚友及空前一句：假如你是新搬来的，没有人跟你打招呼，那就向你的邻居介绍自己。故此处谈去邻居家主动打招呼。答案D2．解析依据下文，带面包或曲奇饼祝愿挚友圣诞欢乐，故此处作为主题句，谈论祝愿邻居节日欢乐的话题。答案B3．解析依据本段主题句：通过共进晚餐或一起吃烧烤可以增进与邻居的友情。上文谈不要让他们带任何东西来，此处表示假如他们带来了要有礼貌的接受，与上文为转折对比关系。答案C4．解析依据本段主题句，要多为邻居着想，故此处以太早或太晚不要大声弹奏音乐，详细说明如何体谅邻居。答案F5．解析依据上文，让你家孩子跟邻居家孩子一起玩，故此处谈孩子们将很可能一起长大，成为挚友而不是敌人。答案GⅢ.语法填空Acouplehadbeenmarriedforover60years.Theysharedeverything，talkedabouteverythingandkeptnosecrets__1__eachotherexceptthatthewomanhadaboxinadrawer__2__shehadcautionedherhusbandnevertoopenoraskherabout.He’dneverthoughtaboutiteversince.Oneday__3__womangotverysickandthedoctorsaidshewouldn’trecover.Tosortouttheiraffairs，thehusbandtookdowntheboxand__4__(bring)ittohiswife’sbedside.Sheagreeditwastimethatheshouldknow__5__wasinthebox.__6__(