2022届高三英语培优外刊阅读学案：山火话题

高三英语培优外刊阅读外刊精选｜澳洲山火频发，考拉危在旦夕考拉是澳大利亚的国宝，本就濒临灭绝。然而近日，它们又遭遇了新的危机。连日来，澳大利亚东岸林火不断，数百只考拉被火烧死，栖息地遭到毁坏，除考拉之外的其它物种也陷入了困境。科学家表示，澳大利亚频发的丛林大火、高温天气及极端干旱状况与人类活动息息相关，这些气候异常均是来自大自然的“警钟”。频发的林火给澳洲的自然环境带来了哪些影响？考拉面临的威胁是天灾还是人祸？SavingtheFireVictimsWhoCannotFlee:Australia’sKoalas①Thevictimswerecarriedinonebyone,theirpawsburnedandfursinged,sufferingfromdehydrationandfear.Theircaretakersbandagedtheirwounds,swaddledthemandlaidtheminbasketswiththeonlythingthatwasfamiliar—theleavesofaeucalyptustree.②AscatastrophicfireshaveburnedmorethantwomillionacresinAustralia,dozensofkoalashavebeenrescuedfromsmolderingtreesandashenground.③Theplightofthekoala—anationalsymbolofAustralia—hasraisedquestionsamongconservationistsandscientistsaboutwhatitwilltaketopreservebiodiversityinacountryincreasinglypronetointensefire,extremeheatandwaterscarcity,andwhichalreadyhasamongthehighestratesofspeciesextinctionintheworld.④Whilekoalashaveevolvedtoexistalongsidewildfires,theanimalsarefacingnewthreatsnotjustfromclimatechangebutalsofromhumandevelopment,whichhasdislocatedlocalpopulations,impairingtheirabilitytosurvivefires.Insomeregions,scientistssay,koalas’numbershavedeclinedbyupto80percent,thoughitisdifficulttoknowhowmanyremainacrossAustralia.⑤“Wehavetheseuniqueanimalsnotfoundanywhereelseonthisplanet,andwe’rekillingthem,”saidCheyneFlanagan,theclinicaldirectoroftheKoalaHospital,theonlyfacilityofitskindintheworld.“Thisisabigwake-upcall.”【词汇过关】请写出下面文单词在文章中的中文意思。1.victim[ˈvɪktɪm]n.________________________2.flee[fliː]v.________________________3.Koala[kəʊˈɑːlə]n.________________________4.pw[pɔː]n.________________________5.fur[fɜː]n.________________________6.singe[sɪndʒ]vt.________________________7.dehydration[ˌdiːhaɪˈdreɪʃn]n.________________________8.caretaker[ˈkeəteɪkə]n.________________________9.bandage[ˈbændɪdʒ]vt.________________________10.swaddle[ˈswɒdl]vt.________________________11.lay[leɪ]vt.________________________12.ucalyptus[ˌjuːkəˈlɪptəs]n.________________________13.catastrophic[ˌkætəˈstrɒfɪk]adj.________________________14.1acre[ˈeɪkə]n.________________________15.smolder[ˈsməʊldə]vi.________________________16.ashen[ˈæʃn]adj.________________________17.plight[plaɪt]n.________________________18.symbol[ˈsɪmbəl]n.________________________19.conservationist[ˌkɒnsəˈveɪʃənɪst]n.________________________20.ittakessth.todosth.________________________21.preserve[prɪˈzɜːv]vt.________________________22.biodiversity[ˌbaɪəʊdaɪˈvɜːsəti]n.________________________23.intense[ɪnˈtens]adj.________________________24.scarcity[ˈskeəsəti]n.________________________25.among[əˈmʌŋ]prep.________________________26.species[ˈspiːʃiːz]n.________________________27.extinction[ɪkˈstɪŋkʃən]n.________________________28.evolve[ɪˈvɒlv]vi.________________________29.dislocate[ˈdɪsləkeɪt]vt.________________________30.declinedbyacertainnumber________________________31.unique[juːˈniːk]adj.________________________32.clinical[ˈklɪnɪkəl]adj.________________________33.facility[fəˈsɪləti]n.________________________【词块学习】请从文章中找到下面中文相对应的文词块。1.几十______________________________________________2.有……倾向___________________________________________3.进化___________________________________________4.面对……___________________________________________5.警钟___________________________________________拓展练习阅读理解Everyday,acrosstheUnitedStates,therearepeoplesittingintowersmorethan100feetintheairalone,scanningthedistanceforsignsofsmoke.Theyarefirewatchers,alsoknownasoureyesinthesky.Whatisitliketobeafirewatcher?PeterNaumann,aformerfirewatcher,tellsaboutatypicalday.“I’dgetupat5:30,eataquickbreakfast,andscantheareaforsmokeonceeveryhour.”Otherdutiesincludereportingtoheadquarterstwiceeachday,cuttingfirewoodandsoon.Asidefromtheserequiredroutines,afirewatchershouldhavehobbiesandlikereading,whichhelpspassthetime.Whileitmightsoundlikeaquietlifetosome,atanymoment,anadventurecouldbegin.“Rainstormsandthunderstormswereatoughtime.Ihadtobeawakeallthrough,lookingforwherethelightningwasstriking,”saysNaumann.Sometimes,firewatchersalsoneedtoactasbackcountrydispatchers(调度员).Forexample,Naumannonceaidedintherescueofaninjuredhorserider.Itmayseemsurprisingthatthelifeofafirewatcherisverymuchthesamealltheseyears.Evenmuchofthetechnologyusedintheearlydaysisstillusedtoday.Forexample,theOsborneFirefinderisatoolthatgivescompassheadingsforfirelocations.Thistoolhasbeeninusefornearly100years.Today,firewatchershavetheaddedhelpofspotterplanes,helicoptersandsatelliteimaging.Withmoreandmorenewtechnology,whydowestillneedfirewatchers?“Ideally,youshouldhavesomeonewhoknowsthelandfeaturesandtheweatherconditions,”saysNaumann.Also,firewatchersareabletoseethingsthatsatelliteimagingcannot,suchasthedifferencebetweencloud-to-cloudlightningandgroundstrikes.Sothefirewatchersstillhiketotheirpostseachfireseason.Why?Theyareoureyesinthesky.20.Whatdofirewatchersdowhileonduty?A.Theyreadbookstopassthetime. B.Theyinspectthearearegularly.C.Theytakeonrescueworktoseekadventure. D.Theycarryoutmulti-tasksfrequently.21.WhyisOsborneFirefindermentionedinparagraph4?A.Tolisttheaddedhelpfirewatchershavegot.B.Tostresstheimportanceofusingtechnology.C.Togiveanexampleofhowskilledfirewatchersare.D.Toshowthelittlechangeinfiredetectingtechnology.22.Whataccountsfortheirreplaceableroleoffirewatchers?A.Technologymayfailtoperformsometasks.B.Technologyhashardlyadvancedovertheyears.C.Humansarestillneededtoreporttoheadquarters.D.Humansarespecialistsinlandfeaturesandweather.外刊精选答案【词汇过关】请写出下面文单词在文章中的中文意思。1.victim[ˈvɪktɪm]n.受害者2.flee[fliː]v.逃跑3.Koala[kəʊˈɑːlə]n.考拉，树袋熊4.pw[pɔː]n.爪子5.fur[fɜː]n.（动物的）毛，皮毛6.singe[sɪndʒ]vt.烤焦，烤糊7.dehydration[ˌdiːhaɪˈdreɪʃn]n.脱水8.caretaker[ˈkeəteɪkə]n.照管人，看管人9.bandage[ˈbændɪdʒ]vt.用绷带包扎10.swaddle[ˈswɒdl]vt.紧裹；用襁褓包裹11.lay[leɪ]vt.平放12.ucalyptus[ˌjuːkəˈlɪptəs]n.桉树13.catastrophic[ˌkætəˈstrɒfɪk]adj.灾难性的；悲惨的14.1acre[ˈeɪkə]n.英亩15.smolder[ˈsməʊldə]vi.闷烧，阴燃16.ashen[ˈæʃn]adj.灰白的；苍白的17.plight[plaɪt]n.困境；境况18.symbol[ˈsɪmbəl]n.符号，象征19.conservationist[ˌkɒnsəˈveɪʃənɪst]n.保护主义者20.ittakessth.todosth.需要耗费/以……成本做……21.preserve[prɪˈzɜːv]vt.保护22.biodiversity[ˌbaɪəʊdaɪˈvɜːsəti]n.生物多样性23.intense[ɪnˈtens]adj.极度的，强烈的24.scarcity[ˈskeəsəti]n.缺乏，不足25.among[əˈmʌŋ]prep.在……之中26.species[ˈspiːʃiːz]n.物种27.extinction[ɪkˈstɪŋkʃən]n.灭绝，绝种28.evolve[ɪˈvɒlv]vi.进化29.disl