2024-2025学年高中英语Unit20NewFrontiersLesson3ScientificBreakthroughs课时作业北师大版选修7

Unit20NewFrontiers课时作业9Lesson3ScientificBreakthroughsⅠ.单词拼法1．Hewasina________(逆境)wherehecouldn'tdecidewhethertoacceptorrefusethegift.2．You'dbetter________(捐赠)somefoodandmoneytothepoorchildren.3．Ioften________(通信)withmyoldfriends.4．MrGreeniswateringflowers.________(与此同时)，MrsGreeniscookingbreakfast.5．Theband________(分别)upinthe1970s.6．Heisan________(坦率的)man.7．The________(薄雾)wasfloatingoverthemountain.8．Themanwas________(治愈)ofhisheartattack.9．Heappliedfora________(专利)．10．The________(结果)oftheelectionwasannouncedyesterday.答案1．dilemma2.donate3.correspond4.Meanwhile5．split6.outspoken7.mist8.cured9.patent10．outcomeⅡ.用适当的介、副词填空1．Theaudiencerangedfromadults________children.2．Mrwhitecorresponded________hiswifeonceinawhile.3．Haveyoufigured________thisproblem?4．Thetoughmanwrestled________thesnowstorm.5．Herfatherwasdedicated________findingawayout.6．Hetookawaymybasket________mistake.7．Theexcellentplayersweresingled________tocompeteinthegame.8．Thereisnodoubt________hishonestyandkindness.9．Heisfondofparticipating________thevoluntarywork.10．Hebasedhisopinion________facts.答案与解析1．torangefrom...to从……到……范围变更。2．withcorrespondwith与……通信。3．outfigureout弄明白。4．withwrestlewith与……搏斗。5．tobededicatedto致力于……。6．bybymistake错误地。7．outsingleout挑出。8．aboutThereisnodoubtabout毫无疑问……。9．inparticipatein参与。10．onbase...on以……为依据。Ⅲ.单句语法填空1．MrLiisdedicatedto________(make)outthecauseofthefire.2．Hewasabouttoturnontheradio________hefoundsomethingunusual.3．________youarefororagainsttheplan,youshouldletmeknowatonce.4．Idon'tknowhow________(apply)forthisposition.5．Thereissomedoubt________thegovernmentwillapprovethisproject.6．Hewasdoingsomewashing________thewashingmachinebrokedown.7．Whilewalkingalongthebeach,henoticedsomebirds________(fly)overthesurfaceofthesea.8．Hewasinfavourofmyidea，________mademedelighted.9．IfI________(have)enoughmoney,Iwouldbuythatbeautifuldress.10．Theteacherfailed________(get)acrosshisideatothestudents.答案与解析1．makingbededicatedtodoingsth.致力于做某事。2．whenbeabouttodosth.when...刚要做某事这时……。3．Whetherwhether...or...无论是……还是……。4．toapply特别疑问词后跟不定式形式。5．whetherthereissomedoubt后跟whether引导同位语从句。6．whenbedoing...when...正在……这时……。7．flyingnotice...doingsth.留意到．..在做某事。8．whichwhich引导非限制性定语从句，代替上文所提到的事。9．had虚拟条件句，表示与现在事实相反，从句用一般过去时，主句用would/coulddo。10．togetfail后跟不定式形式。Ⅳ.语法填空DuringtheSecondWorldWar,__1__Fleming'sdiscoverywasfirsthelpingtocurepeople,theUSNavywaslooking__2__waysofimprovingthe__3__(accurate)oftheirmissiles.Thenavyturned__4__Eckert,anengineer,andMauchly,aphysicist,towrestle__5__theproblemandproduceamachinetodothejob.Thetwowerededicatedto__6__(produce)themachine.Thehugemachinewastheworld'sfirstcomputer,butitwasnothing__7__ourcomputertoday.Itused__8__muchenergythatwhenitwasturnedon,thelightsinthelocaltownwent__9__.Therewasnodoubt__10__thecomputerlaidagroundfoundationofthelatercomputerscience.答案与解析1．when先行词为时间名词，定语从句中缺状语，故用when引导。2．forlookfor找寻。3．accuracy名词作宾语。4．toturnto向……求助。5．withwrestlewith与……搏斗。6．producingbededicatedtodoingsth.致力于做某事。7．likenothinglike一点不像8．soso＋形容词＋不行数名词＋that表示“如此……以至于……”。9．outgoout熄灭。10．thatTherewasnodoubtthat...毫无疑问……。Ⅰ.阅读理解Thekidsinthisvillageweardirty,raggedclothes.Theysleepbesidecowsandsheepinhutsmadeofsticksandmud.Theyhavenoschool.YettheyallcanchanttheEnglishalphabet,andsomecanmakewords.Thekeytotheirsuccess:20tabletcomputers(平板电脑)droppedoffintheirEthiopianvillageinFebruarybyaU．S.groupcalledOneLaptopPerChild.Thegoalistofindoutwhetherkidsusingtoday'snewtechnologycanteachthemselvestoreadinplaceswherenoschoolsorteachersexist.TheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyresearchersanalyzingtheprojectdatasaythey'realreadyamazed.“WhatIthinkhasalreadyhappenedisthatthekidshavealreadylearnedmorethantheywouldhaveinoneyearofkindergarten，”saidMattKeller,whorunstheEthiopiaprogram.Thefastestlearner—andthefirsttoturnononeofthetablets—is8yearoldKelbesaNegusse.Thedevice'scamerawasdisabledtosavememory,yetwithinweeksKelbesahadfiguredoutitsworkingsandmadethecamerawork.Hecalledhimselfalion,amarkerofaccomplishmentinEthiopia.Withhistablet,KelbesarearrangedthelettersHSROEintooneofthemanyEnglishanimalnamesheknows.Thenhespelledwordsonhisown.“Sevenmonthsagohedidn'tknowanyEnglish.That'sunbelievable,”saidKeller.Theprojectaimstogetkidstoastagecalled“deepreading，”wheretheycanreadtolearn.Itwon'tbeinAmharic,1.HowdoestheEthiopiaprogrambenefitthekidsinthevillage?A.Ittrainsteachersforthem.B.Itcontributestotheirselfstudy.C.Ithelpsraisetheirlivingstandards.D.Itprovidesfundsforbuildingschools.2.WhatcanweinferfromKeller'swordsinParagraph3?A.Theyneedmoretimetoanalyzedata.B.Morechildrenareneededfortheresearch.C.Heisconfidentaboutthefutureoftheproject.D.Theresearchshouldbecarriedoutinkindergartens.3.ItamazedKellerthatwiththetabletKelbesacould________.A.learnEnglishwordsquicklyB.drawpicturesofanimalsC.writeletterstoresearchersD.makephonecallstohisfriends4.Whatistheaimoftheproject?A.ToofferEthiopianshigherpayingjobs.B.TomakeAmharicwidelyusedintheworld.C.TohelpEthiopiankidsreadtolearninEnglish.D.ToassistEthiopiansinlearningtheirfirstlanguage.答案与解析本文是一篇记叙文，题材为语言学习类。本文记叙了美国在贫困的埃塞俄比亚地区进行了一项探讨，结果表明孩子们在没有学校和老师的条件下，利用平板电脑这项新科技可以很快地学英语。1．B细微环节理解题。依据第三段第一句可知这项工程的目的是查明在没有学校和老师的地方，运用现代新技术，孩子们能不能自学。而且下文提到效果很好，所以应选B项(这项工程有助于孩子们自学)。2．C推理推断题。第三段中这项工程的负责人Keller说：“我认为已经发生的事情是，孩子们学到的东西比他们上一年幼儿园学到的还要多。”所以可以推断出这项工程很胜利，而且前景也会很好，故选C项。3．A细微环节理解题。依据倒数其次段可知：七个月前，Kelbesa对英语一窍不通，但是现在却能自己拼法出许多英文单词，这令人难以信任，所以选A项。4．C细微环节理解题。依据最终一段第一句Theprojectaimstogetkidstoastagecalled“deepreading”，wheretheycanreadtolearn.可知这项工程是帮助埃塞俄比亚的儿童通过阅读来学习。紧接着下一句话是说：不是帮他们学他们的本族语Amharic，而是英语，所以应选C项。Ⅱ.阅读填句DoctorsSayMostHeartDiseasePreventableHeartdiseaseisthenumberonekiller,worldwide,ofmenandwomenovertheageof60.Butpeopleofallagesdieofheartattackseachyear.AndwhiledeathrateshavedeclinedintheU．S.andmanywesternEuropeancountries,theyareontheriseinthedevelopingworld.__1__NoonewouldhaveguessedthatBarbaraTengwouldhaveaheartattack.Shewasnotoverweight.Shedidnotsmokeorexercise.“In2004,theweekafterIturned49,whenIwasonabusinesstripinChicago，Ihadamajorheartattack，”shesaid.__2__.Shenowexercisesdaily,andmonitorsherhearthealth.Dr.PatriceNickens,whoiswiththeNationalHeart,LungandBloodInstitute,thinksthatheartdiseaseis82percentpreventable.“__3__，”shesaid.“Menarealsofacingthesameproblem,andthekeytostayinghealthyisknowingyournumbers.”“Yourweight,yourbloodcholesterol,bloodsugarandyourbloodpressureareimportantnumbersthatcanhelpyoutakeactionandreduceyourrisk，”shesaid.__4__.“Andthestepstotakearesimple：don'tsmoke,maintainahealthyweight,exercise,knowyournumbersandtalktoyourphysicianandcontroltheserisks，”shesaid.African­Americansareathigher­than­averageriskforheartdiseaseandstroke；peopledon'tevenknowtheyhaveit,whichincreasestherisk.MedstarWashingtonA．AhealthylifestylecanpreventheartdiseaseB．SowemustcureheartdiseaseC．ItistheleadingcauseofdeathforwomenD．Withtherighttraining,theycanplayanimportantroleincommunityhealthE．AndthatchangedherlifeF．LackofexercisecausesheartattacksG．Yetmostheartdiseaseispreventable答案与解析本文为争论文。其主题是：大多数心脏病是可以预防的。1．G本段的功能是提出主题，即大多数心脏病是可以预防的，故答案为G项。2．E本空前面提到BarbaraTeng在心脏病发作前不抽烟，不熬炼(didnotsmokeorexercise)，设空处后提到她起先每天熬炼(Shenowexercisesdaily)，由此可见心脏病发作变更了她的生活，故答案为E项。3．C依据设空后的“Menarealsofacingthesameproblem”可推知本空应为心脏病对女性的影响，C项中的“women”是一种示意。4．A设空处下面介绍的内容都是生活方式的变更，故答案为A项(健康的生活方式可以预防心脏病。)5．D设空处后的句子(例如：帮助人们监测血压)作为例子用于说明本空的内容，通过逆向思维可推知本题答案为D项(通过正确的培训，他们可以在社区健康方面起很大的作用)。Ⅲ.语法填空Scientistshavefoundthatpesticides(农药)harmtheabilityofbeestofindfood.Beesmustlearnwhichflowerscontaintheirfoodfromthesmellsoftheflowrs.__1__thebeesdonotlearnwhichsmellsmeanfood,theywillstarve.ResearchersinBritainfoundthatpesticides__2__(use)byfamersandgardenerscanswitchoffthepartofabee'sbrainthatisresponsible__3__associatingsmellswithfood.LeadresearcherDr.GeraldineWrightsaidpesticidescouldseriouslyimpactthe__4__(survive)ofhoneybeecolonies.Shesaid.“Beesthatcannotlearnwillnotbeabletofindfood.”Thisalso__5__(mean)beeswillnotpollinate(给……授粉)cropsandwildplants.Beepopulationsaroundtheworldhavebeendeclining.Scientistshavesearchedforalongtimeforareason__6__somanybeesaredisappearing.Thenewresearchmaybe__7__importantclue.However,theBritishgovernmentdoesnotwanttostoptheuseofthepesticidesthatmaypreventbeesfromlearning.__8__wantstocarryoutmoreteststomakesurepesticidesaretherealreasonforthedecreaseinthenumberofbees.AspokeswomanfromtheFriendsOfTheEarthcharitysaidthegovernmentmustact__9__(soon)ratherthanlater.“Beehealthisfartoourgenttowait__10__moreresearchhasbeencompleted.Controlsshouldbeplacedonthesepesticidesuntilbeesafetycanbeguaranteed，”shesaid.答案与解析1．Ifif引导条件状语从句，意为“假如”。2．usedpesticides与use之间为被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。3．forberesponsiblefor对……负责。4．survival名词作宾语。5．means该空为谓语动词，依据上下文用一般现在时。6．why先行词为reason，定语从句中缺状语，故用why引导。7．an表示“数量一”，用不定冠词。8．Itit代替theBritishgovernment。9．sooner依据ratherthanlater可知。10．untiluntil引导时间状语从句。Ⅳ.短文改错Travelledabroad,youshouldfollowthecustomsofthecountrywhereyouarevisiting.Whenyouinvited,itisgoodmannerstorefuseoracceptaninvitation,eitherbywritingorbytelephoning.Ifyougototheparty,itispolitetoreachontime.Itisgoodmannerstosha