河南省安阳市林州市湘豫名校联考2024-2025学年高三上学期11月期中考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1河南省安阳市林州市湘豫名校联考2024-2025学年高三上学期11月期中英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATheBookLifePrizeisanannualwritingcompetitionintwoContests(FictionandNonfiction)sponsoredbyBookLifeandPublishersWeekly.Theprizeseekstoassistoutstandingindependentauthorsanddiscovergreatwrittenworksinninecategoriesacrossthetwosections.PrizesFinalists,onesfromeachrespectivesubmissioncategoryofboththeFictionandNonfictionContests,willreceiveanintroductionfromabestsellingauthororprofessionaleditorservingasaguestjudgefortheprize,aswellasamentioninPublishersWeekly.Eachfinalistwillalsoreceive$1,000worthofBookBaby’sFacebookandInstagramforAuthorsservice:foreachfinalistBookBabywillwaive（免除）its$99setupfeeandprovide$250-per-weekfundsforafour-weekcampaign.TheprizeinboththeFictionandNonfictionContestsis$5,000andanauthorprofileinPublishersWeekly.Eligibility（资格）andSubmissionsUnpublishedorself-publishedbooksintheEnglishlanguageareeligiblefortheBookLifePrize.Eachsubmissioncanonlybeenteredintooneofthefollowingcategories:Romance;Mystery/Thriller;ScienceFiction/Fantasy/Horror;GeneralFiction;Middle-Grade&YAFiction;Memoir;Self-Help;Inspirational/Spiritual;andBusiness/PersonalFinance.NovelssubmittedtotheMiddleGrade&YAFictioncategorymustcontain30,000to100,000words.Allothersubmissionsmustcontain40,000to100,000words.Medium-lengthnovel,shortfiction,andcollectionsarenoteligibleforsubmission.Authorsmaymakemultiplesubmissions.AllsubmissionsmustbemadebeforeDecember1,2024.1.Whatistheaimofthecontest?A.Toselectgoodworksfortwomagazines.B.Toencourageoutstandingamateurauthors.C.TodiscovergreatwritersforPublishersWeekly.D.Toprovidesupportforexcellentindependentauthors.2.Whatmightthewinnersbeawarded?A.$99. B.$250. C.$1,000. D.$5,000.3.Whatisarequirementtoenterforthecontest?A.Thecontestantsshouldpayentryfees. B.TheentriesmustbewritteninEnglish.C.Theparticipantscanonlysubmitoneentry. D.Theentriesmustbeshortormedium-lengthnovels.【答案】1.D2.D3.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了由《图书生活》和《出版商周刊》主办的年度写作竞赛“图书生活奖”，包括参赛作品要求、奖金以及截稿日期等。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Theprizeseekstoassistoutstandingindependentauthorsanddiscovergreatwrittenworksinninecategoriesacrossthetwosections.(该奖项旨在帮助杰出的独立作家，并在两个部分的九个类别中发现伟大的写作作品。)”可知，这个奖项旨在帮助杰出的独立作家，并在两个部分的九个类别中发现伟大的书面作品，由此可知，比赛的目的是为优秀的独立作者提供支持。故选D项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据Prizes部分中“TheprizeinboththeFictionandNonfictionContestsis$5,000(小说类和非小说类竞赛的奖金都是5000美元)”可知，获奖者会得到$5,000的奖励。故选D项。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据Eligibility（资格）andSubmissions部分中“Unpublishedorself-publishedbooksintheEnglishlanguageareeligiblefortheBookLifePrize.(未出版或自行出版的英文书籍均有资格获得图书奖。)”可知，参赛作品应该是用英语写的。故选B项。BMymotherusedtobeaddictedtothesecond-handstore.Shewenteveryweektoseeifthereweresomegoodbargains.Ofcourseshefounddeals,beingacarefulshopperthatsheis—finechinasets,silverware,kitchenappliances,tonameafew.Theproblemwasthatthesedealscamehome.Theyfilledthehouse,packingshelvesandoccupyingcounterspace.Severalyearsago,Isaidtomymotherinfrustration,“Itwouldbeaterribledreamtohavetodealwithallthisstuffifyoudiedtomorrow.”Shelookedatmeforafewminutes,sayingnothing.Upuntilthen,Isuspectshe’dassumedthateveryoneappreciatedherjunk-treasuresasmuchasshedid.Whatfollowed,mercifully,wasahousecleaning.Momremovedmuchofherstuffandceasedherweeklyvisitstothatstore.Thatconversationrevealedtometheimportanceofdiscussingthelong-termintentionsforone’sbelongings.IfIhadn’tsaidanything,Isuspectitwouldhavebeendecadesbeforemy50-something-year-oldmotherrealizedwhataburdenherstuffwouldbeonthefamilysomeday—andjustthinkofalltheadditionalthingsshecouldhaveaccumulatedinthattime.Itmakesmeshiver.Later,Iheardof“SwedishDeathCleaning”.ThefirsttimeIheardtheterm,IthoughtitmeantsomekindofhardcoreScandinavianhouse-cleaningroutine,whereyoucleanyourhomefromtoptobottomtothepointofphysicalcollapse,asin“workingyourselftothebone”.Well,Iwaswrong.InSwedish,thewordis“dostadning”anditreferstotheactofslowlyandsteadilydecluttering(清洁)astheyearsgoby,ideallybeginninginyourfiftiesandgoinguntilthedayyoukickthebucket.Theultimatepurposeofdeathcleaningistominimizetheamountofstuff,especiallymeaninglessclutter,whichyouleavebehindforotherstodealwith.Asforthisdeclutteringphilosophywiththenameof“SwedishDeathCleaning”,Ican’tagreemore.Whocanpossiblyresistit?4.Whatcanweknowabouttheauthor’smother?A.Shewasadealer. B.Shehadatightbudget.C.Shewaseconomicalinlife. D.Shewasgoodatdoinghousework.5.Howmightthemotherfeelattheauthor’swordsatfirst?A.Sympathetic. B.Concerned. C.Annoyed. D.Unexpected.6.Whatdoes“SwedishDeathCleaning”meanaccordingtothepassage?A.Acleaningafterone’sdeath. B.Cleaningaimedatreducingafter50orso.C.Aparticularlytiringthoroughcleaning. D.Cleaningofuselessstuffjustbeforedeath.7.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Tointroducealifestyle. B.Tomemorizehermother.C.Totalkaboutashoppinghabit. D.Toemphasizethekeytocleaning.【答案】4.C5.D6.B7.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文中主要讲述了作者母亲喜欢买便宜的二手货的习惯，后来在作者的提醒下停止购买这些物品，由此作者又介绍了“瑞典式死亡清理”的一种整理哲学。【4题详析】推理判断题。根据首段内容“Mymotherusedtobeaddictedtothesecond-handstore.Shewenteveryweektoseeifthereweresomegoodbargains.Ofcourseshefounddeals,beingacarefulshopperthatsheis—finechinasets,silverware,kitchenappliances,tonameafew.(我母亲过去常常去二手商店。她每周都会去一次，看看是否有便宜货。当然，作为一位精明的购物者，她确实能找到不错的交易——比如精美的瓷器餐具、银质餐具、厨房电器等等)”可知，母亲经常买一些便宜的二手物品，因此推断她在生活中是崇尚节约的人。故选C。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Severalyearsago,Isaidtomymotherinfrustration,“Itwouldbeaterribledreamtohavetodealwithallthisstuffifyoudiedtomorrow.”Shelookedatmeforafewminutes,sayingnothing.Upuntilthen,Isuspectshe’dassumedthateveryoneappreciatedherjunk-treasuresasmuchasshedid.(几年前，我沮丧地对母亲说：“如果你明天就死了，要处理所有这些事情，那将是一个可怕的梦。”她看了我几分钟，什么也没说。在那之前，我怀疑她认为每个人都像她一样欣赏她的垃圾宝贝)”可推知，母亲在听了作者说的话以后才意识到自己的行为没有得到认可，也就是说她最初对作者的反应是“感到意外的”。故选D。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段内容“InSwedish,thewordis“dostadning”anditreferstotheactofslowlyandsteadilydeclutteringastheyearsgoby,ideallybeginninginyourfiftiesandgoinguntilthedayyoukickthebucket.Theultimatepurposeofdeathcleaningistominimizetheamountofstuff,especiallymeaninglessclutter,whichyouleavebehindforotherstodealwith.(在瑞典语中，这个词是dostadning，指的是随着时间的推移，慢慢地、稳步地清理杂物的行为，最好从50多岁开始，直到你死的那一天。死亡清理的最终目的是尽量减少物品的数量，尤其是那些你留给别人处理的无意义的杂物)”可知，SwedishDeathCleaning在瑞典语中是dostadni，即从50多岁开始缓慢而稳定地整理的行为，一直持续到你死的那一天，其目的是为了尽量减少死后留给别人处理的东西。故选B。【7题详析】推理判断题。作者在文章前两段介绍了母亲购买二手物品的事情，再根据最后一段“Asforthisdeclutteringphilosophywiththenameof“SwedishDeathCleaning”,Ican’tagreemore.Whocanpossiblyresistit?(至于这种名为“瑞典式死亡清理”的清理哲学，我完全同意。谁能抗拒呢)”可知，后面提到了SwedishDeathCleaning以及对这种生活方式的认同，由此推断作者的目的是介绍一种生活方式。故选A。CIt’seasytothinkofsportsasanescapefromreality,removingtheproblemsofourworld.ResearcherMadeleineOrrillustratesthatwrongbeliefinherbookWarmingUp:HowClimateChangeIsChangingSport.Inherbook,Orrleadsreaderstolearnaboutallthewaysclimatechangeisaffectingsportsaroundtheworld,providingaconvincingcaseforactionfromathletes,sportsleaguesandfansalike.Orr,asportsecologistattheUniversityofToronto,drawsonheracademicknowledgetooutlinehowclimatechangeisaffectingsports.WhileOrrsupportsherargumentwithdataandinterviewswithexperts,it’sthepersonalstoriesthataremostpowerful.There’stheheartbreakingstoryofafootballplayerJordanMcNair,whodiedofheatstrokeatpractice.It’srefreshingtoseeOrrtalkabouthowclimatechangeisdisproportionatelyimpactingnationsthatareleastresponsibleforglobalgreenhousegasemissions,apointthatcangetlostinWesternreportingonthetopic.HightemperaturesarethreateningKenyanrunners.Risingseasareeroding(侵蚀)afamousrugbybeachinFiji.A2022flooddestroyedPakistan’ssportsleagues—alongwithmuchofthecountry.Butagainstthebackgroundofclimatechange’supsettingreality,Orrkeepshopealiveinthelastsixchapters.Thesportsworldcanadapttoclimatechangetoensurethatsportssurvive.Shespotlightsthepastandpresentactivismofathleteswhoarefightingforsustainability.OneupliftingexampleisInnesFitzGerald,whorefusedtoflyfromBritaintoAustraliaforthe2023WorldAthleticsChampionshipsoutofconcernforairtravel’scarbonemissions.Orr’swritingisauthoritativeandconversational,andwhileshesometimesslipsintoacademicterms,herlanguageislargelyaccessibleeventoreaderswithnoscientificbackground.Thebookisjam-packedwithinformationandhassomethingforsportsfansalike.Inthefightagainstclimatechange,WarmingUpshowsusthatit’stimeforthesportsworldtoplayball.8.WhatismainlytalkedaboutinOrr’sbook?A.Theclimateproblemsfacingtheworld. B.Theeffectofclimatechangeonsports.C.Thesportsworld’sactiontochangetheclimate. D.Thewriter’sattitudetowardtheclimatechange.9.WhatmakeOrr’sopinionmorepersuasive?A.Experts’talks. B.Individualstories.C.Sciencereports. D.Collectedfigures.10.WhywereKenyanrunnersmentioned?A.Topointoutthepotentialfutureofrugby.B.ToprovetheunfairnessofWesternreports.C.Toshowsomeinnocentvictimsofclimatechange.D.Toexplainthelinkbetweengreenhousegasesandclimate.11.WhatisthefeatureofOrr’sbook?A.Itisinfluentialandtouching. B.Itistheoreticalandprofessional.C.Itisinformativeandeasytounderstand. D.Itisreliableandfullofacademicterms.【答案】8.B9.B10.C11.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了体育生态学家MadeleineOrr在她的书中的一些观点以及对该书的评价。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Inherbook,Orrleadsreaderstolearnaboutallthewaysclimatechangeisaffectingsportsaroundtheworld,providingaconvincingcaseforactionfromathletes,sportsleaguesandfansalike.(在她的书中，Orr带领读者了解气候变化影响世界各地体育运动的所有方式，为运动员、体育联盟和球迷等采取行动提供了令人信服的理由)”可知，这本书主要讨论了气候变化对体育运动的影响。故选B项。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“WhileOrrsupportsherargumentwithdataandinterviewswithexperts,it’sthepersonalstoriesthataremostpowerful.(虽然Orr用数据和对专家的采访来支持她的观点，但个人故事才是最有力的)”可知，个人故事使Orr的观点更有说服力。故选B项。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中“It’srefreshingtoseeOrrtalkabouthowclimatechangeisdisproportionatelyimpactingnationsthatareleastresponsibleforglobalgreenhousegasemissions,apointthatcangetlostinWesternreportingonthetopic.HightemperaturesarethreateningKenyanrunners.(看到Orr谈到气候变化对全球温室气体排放最不需负责的国家的影响不成比例，令人耳目一新，这一点在西方的报道中可能会被忽略。高温威胁着肯尼亚选手)”可知，此处先提到有些国家没有造成全球温室效应，却受到严重影响，再举出肯尼亚选手受到高温威胁的例子。由此可知，肯尼亚属于那些无辜的国家，这些跑步者被提及是为了说明气候变化的无辜受害者。故选C项。【11题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Orr’swritingisauthoritativeandconversational,andwhileshesometimesslipsintoacademicterms,herlanguageislargelyaccessibleeventoreaderswithnoscientificbackground.Thebookisjam-packedwithinformationandhassomethingforsportsfansalike.(Orr的作品是权威的、对话式的，虽然她有时会使用学术术语，但即使没有科学背景的读者也能很好地理解她的语言。这本书信息丰富，适合体育迷)”可知，她的书信息丰富而又浅显易懂。故选C项。DAnewstudypublishedinthejournalScienceAdvancesfindsthatAIenhancescreativitybyboostingthenoveltyofstoryideasaswellasthe“usefulness”ofstories-theirabilitytoengagethetargetaudienceandpotentialforpublication.ItfindsthatAI“professionalizes”stories,makingthemmoreenjoyable,morelikelytohaveplottwists,betterwrittenandlessboring.Theresearchersassignedthe300studyparticipantstothreegroups:onegroupwasallowednoAIhelp,asecondgroupcoulduseChatGPTtoprovideasinglethree-sentencestartingidea,andwritersinthethirdgroupcouldchoosefromuptofiveAI-generatedideasfortheirinspiration.Theythenorganized600peopletojudgehowgoodthestorieswere,assessingthemfornovelty-whetherthestoriesdidsomethingneworunexpected-and“usefulness”-howappropriatetheywereforthetargetaudience,andwhethertheideascouldbedevelopedandpotentiallypublished.TheyfoundthatwriterswiththemostaccesstoAIexperiencedthegreatestgainstotheircreativity,theirstoriesscoring9%higherfornoveltycomparedwithstorieswrittenwithoutAI.WriterswhouseduptofiveAI-generatedideasalsoscoredhigherforemotionalcharacteristics,producingstoriesthatwerebetterwritten,moreenjoyable,lessboringandfunnier.Theresearchersevaluatedthewriters’creativityusingaDivergentAssociationTask(DAT)andfoundthatmorecreativewriters-thosewiththehighestDATscores-benefitedleastfromgenerativeAIideas.Conversely,lesscreativewriterssawagreaterincreaseincreativity.Theresearchersalsocalculatedhowsimilarthestoriesweretoeachother.Theyfounda10.7%increaseinsimilaritybetweenwriterswhosestoriesusedonegenerativeAI-idea,comparedwiththegroupthatdidn’tuseAI.AnilDoshi,AssistantProfessorattheUCLSchoolofManagementsaid,“Whiletheseresultspointtoanincreaseinindividualcreativity,thereisariskoflosingcollectivenovelty.IfthepublishingindustryweretoembracemoregenerativeAI-inspiredstories,ourfindingssuggestthatthestorieswouldbecomelessuniqueandmoresimilartoeachother.”12.WhichaspectoftheAI-assistedstorieswereassessedinthestudy?A.Universalityandavailability. B.Originalityandpracticality.C.Creativityandspecialization. D.Similarityandintegrity.13.Whatmighttheunderlinedword“Conversely”inparagraph5probablymean?A.Sureenough. B.Inconclusion. C.Onthecontrary. D.Asaresult.14.WhatisAnilDoshi’sattitudetowardsAI-inspiredstories?A.Objective. B.Indifferent. C.Favorable. D.Ambiguous.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?A.AIIsBeingUsedtoCreateNovelStoriesB.AIIsBecomingaThreattoHumanWritersC.AICanHelptoImprovePeople’sWritingSkillsD.AICanBoosttheCreativityofStoriesbutPaysaPrice【答案】12.B13.C14.A15.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。研究发现利用人工智能写作可以提高故事创意的新颖性和故事的“有用性”，但是人工智能辅助的故事被发现包含更多的相似之处，缺乏多样性。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Theythenorganized600peopletojudgehowgoodthestorieswere,assessingthemfornovelty-whetherthestoriesdidsomethingneworunexpected-and“usefulness”-howappropriatetheywereforthetargetaudience,andwhethertheideascouldbedevelopedandpotentiallypublished.(然后，他们组织了600人来判断这些故事有多好，评估它们的新颖性——这些故事是否做了新的或意想不到的事情——以及“有用性”——它们对目标受众有多合适，以及这些想法是否可以发展和发表)”可知，评估的是故事的原创性和实用性。故选B。【13题详析】词句猜测题。根据第五段“Theresearchersevaluatedthewriters’creativityusingaDivergentAssociationTask(DAT)andfoundthatmorecreativewriters-thosewiththehighestDATscores-benefitedleastfromgenerativeAIideas.(研究人员用发散联想任务（DAT）来评估作家的创造力，发现那些更有创造力的作家——那些DAT得分最高的人——从生成式人工智能想法中受益最少。)”和划线词下文“lesscreativewriterssawagreaterincreaseincreativity.(创造力较低的作家的创造力则增加得更多。)”可知，两者是对比关系，因此“Conversely”意为“相反地”。故选C。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据末段AnilDoshi的话“AnilDoshi,AssistantProfessorattheUCLSchoolofManagementsaid,“Whiletheseresultspointtoanincreaseinindividualcreativity,thereisariskoflosingcollectivenovelty.IfthepublishingindustryweretoembracemoregenerativeAI-inspiredstories,ourfindingssuggestthatthestorieswouldbecomelessuniqueandmoresimilartoeachother.”(伦敦大学学院管理学院的助理教授阿尼尔·多西说：“虽然这些结果表明个人创造力有所提高，但集体创造力也有丧失的风险。如果出版业接受更多基于人工智能的衍生故事，我们的研究结果表明，这些故事将变得不那么独特，而是更加相似。)”可知，AnilDoshi既提到了人工智能辅助生成故事的优点：个人创造力有所提高，也提到了缺点：集体创造力存在丧失的风险，因此他的评价是客观的。故选A项。【15题详析】主旨大意题。根据全文内容及根据末段AnilDoshi的话“AnilDoshi,AssistantProfessorattheUCLSchoolofManagementsaid,“Whiletheseresultspointtoanincreaseinindividualcreativity,thereisariskoflosingcollectivenovelty.IfthepublishingindustryweretoembracemoregenerativeAI-inspiredstories,ourfindingssuggestthatthestorieswouldbecomelessuniqueandmoresimilartoeachother.”(伦敦大学学院管理学院的助理教授阿尼尔·多西说：“虽然这些结果表明个人创造力有所提高，但集体创造力也有丧失的风险。如果出版业接受更多基于人工智能的衍生故事，我们的研究结果表明，这些故事将变得不那么独特，而是更加相似。)”可知，本文主要介绍了人工智能可以提高故事创意的新颖性，但同时也会使AI协助的写作产生相似性，故判断D选项“人工智能可以提高故事的创造力，但也要付出代价。”可以作为文章标题。故选D项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Asalong-termadvocatefororganicgrowing,timeandtimeagainIcomeacrossthesamemisconceptionsaboutorganicpest(害虫)controlandwhatitreallyinvolves.___16___HereIwanttohaveaquicklookatthesemisconceptionsandexplainwhytheyarewrong.___17___Thisisthemostcommonwrongopinion.Iamoftenaskedhowtokillaparticularpest.However,wipingoutparticularpestsshouldneverbethegoaloforganicpestcontrol,withtheexceptionofafewnon-nativespecies.That’sbecauseevenpestspeciescanbecrucialpartsofthegardenecosystem.___18___Insteadoftryingtoremoveparticularpests,weshouldbethinkingabouthowtoconfuse,distract,orredirectaparticularspecies.Anothercommonmistakethatpeoplemakeisthinkingthatorganicpestcontrolprimarilymeansfindingnatural,organicalternativestothepesticides(农药)theymayhavepreviouslyused.Organicpesticidesareindeedfreefromcertainchemicals.Butitdoesnotnecessarilymeanthattheyareharmless.___19___Pestproblemscanbesolvedalone.Itisalsoacommonmistaketostartthinkingaboutaparticularpestissuewithouttakingalookatthebiggerpicture.___20___Inotherwords,weshouldnotreacttoapestproblembutratherfindwaystoreducethechancesofaseriouspestproblemdevelopinginthefirstplace.A.Weneedtogetridofpests.B.Pestsdon’tnecessarilydoharmtoplants.C.Organicpesticidesarethesolutiontopesticidesinsomeway.D.Theycanstilldoharmifusedwithabandonandwithoutthought.E.Killingthemdoesharmtothebiodiversityandhealthoftheecosystem.F.Infact,beingpreparedisalwaysbetterthantakinganegativeapproach.G.Thesemisleadingideascaneasilygetinthewaywhenwecreategardens.【答案】16.G17.A18.E19.D20.F【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要讨论了关于有机害虫控制的常见误解，并对这些误解进行了详细的解释和纠正。【16题详析】前句“Asalong-termadvocatefororganicgrowing,timeandtimeagainIcomeacrossthesamemisconceptionsaboutorganicpest(害虫)controlandwhatitreallyinvolves.(作为一名有机种植的长期倡导者，我一次又一次地遇到同样的误解，关于有机害虫控制及其真正涉及的内容。)”提到了人们对有机种植的认知会存在的一些误区，空格处应该指出这些错误想法会带来的不利影响。推断G选项“Thesemisleadingideascaneasilygetinthewaywhenwecreategardens.(当我们建造花园时，这些误导的想法很容易阻碍我们。)”可以承接上文，说明这些误导的想法会带来的不利影响，其中misleadingideas和前面的misconceptions是同义词复现，因此G选项承接上文，符合语境。故选G。【17题详析】空格处是本段主旨句，根据下文“Iamoftenaskedhowtokillaparticularpest.However,wipingoutparticularpestsshouldneverbethegoaloforganicpestcontrol,withtheexceptionofafewnon-nativespecies.(我经常被问到如何杀死一种特定的害虫。然而，消灭特定的害虫永远不应该是有机害虫控制的目标，除了一些非本地物种。)”可知，本段介绍了消灭害虫的问题，由此推断A选项“Weneedtogetridofpests.(我们需要消灭害虫。)”说明了我们需要消灭害虫，概括了本段内容，可作为主旨句，故选A。【18题详析】本段提到消灭害虫的问题，后句“Insteadoftryingtoremoveparticularpests,weshouldbethinkingabouthowtoconfuse,distract,orredirectaparticularspecies.(我们不应该试图消灭特定的害虫，而应该考虑如何迷惑、分散注意力或重新引导特定物种。)”说明我们不应该试图消灭特定的害虫，E选项“Killingthemdoesharmtothebiodiversityandhealthoftheecosystem.(杀死它们会损害生物多样性和生态系统的健康。)”说明了杀死害虫会带来的不好的结果，其中killing和remove属于同义词复现，因此E选项引起下文，符合语境。故选E。【19题详析】空前“Organicpesticidesareindeedfreefromcertainchemicals.Butitdoesnotnecessarilymeanthattheyareharmless.(有机农药确实不含某些化学物质。但这并不一定意味着它们是无害的。)”提到有机农药不一定意味着是无害的，空格处应该对有机农药进行进一步的描述，D选项“Theycanstilldoharmifusedwithabandonandwithoutthought.(如果不加思考地随意使用，它们仍然会造成伤害。)”中的They指代前面的Organicpesticides，说明不加思考地随意使用有机农药仍然会造成伤害，因此D选项承接上文，符合语境，故选D。【20题详析】根据空后“Inotherwords,weshouldnotreacttoapestproblembutratherfindwaystoreducethechancesofaseriouspestproblemdevelopinginthefirstplace.(换句话说，我们不应该对害虫问题做出反应，而应该首先找到减少严重害虫问题发展的机会的方法。)”推断，后句是对设空内容的进一步解释，说明我们应该首先找到减少严重害虫问题发展的机会的方法，F选项“Infact,beingpreparedisalwaysbetterthantakinganegativeapproach.(事实上，做好准备总是比采取消极的方法要好。)”说明的是要做好准备，和空后说的首先找到减少严重害虫问题发展的机会的方法相一致，因此F选项引起下文，符合语境，故选F。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Ilookeddownatthewaterfarbelowme.“Wow!Itfeelsalot___21___,”Isaidnervouslytomyfellowgraduatestudent.Just___22___,Itoldmyself.WhenIsurfaced,Iwastotallyenergized.Mybrainwastemporarilyrewired.Ifelt___23___ofanything.Fortherestoftheday,Ifelt___24___calmandattentive.I’malifelong___25___seeker.Pastexperiencesincludedhitchhikingacrossthestateandclimbingabandonedcellphonetowers.Thispenchant(嗜好)hasn’talways___26___mewell.Butinmysecondyearofgraduateschool,itcametomyrescue.Thepressuretopassmyqualifyingexamwas___27___.Iwaswiredwithnervousenergy,andneededsomekindof___28___.So,Iinvitedonegraduatestudenttocome___29___withme—Inariver,inthemiddleofwinter,byjumpingoffacliff(悬崖).Wejumpedintothe_____30_____water.ImmediatelyIfeltenergeticandfearful.Iquicklycamebacktothe_____31_____.IstayedinthewateraslongasIcould,my_____32_____burningfromthecold.ButafterI_____33_____anddriedoff,mystresswasgone.Ifoundithadotherunexpected_____34_____,too.Iwasapproachingmyworkwithacalmerstateofmindandtakingfailuresmoreeasily.Ofcourse,don’tcopymyexample.Mywaytohandlestressmaynot_____35_____foreveryone.Everyonehastheirownwaytotacklestress.21.A.better B.funnier C.higher D.faster22.A.wait B.jump C.imagine D.observe23.A.proud B.tired C.dismissive D.capable24.A.particularly B.regularly C.immediately D.universally25.A.adventure B.wealth C.truth D.bargain26.A.defended B.proved C.introduced D.served27.A.fading B.transforming C.extending D.mounting28.A.comfort B.celebration C.release D.recognition29.A.surfing B.boating C.swimming D.sailing30.A.melting B.chilly C.stormy D.rising31.A.surface B.beach C.bottom D.school32.A.face B.ears C.hands D.skin33.A.laydown B.climbedout C.droveback D.lookeddown34.A.benefits B.endings C.approaches D.problems35.A.account B.work C.allow D.struggle【答案】21.C22.B23.D24.A25.A26.D27.D28.C29.C30.B31.A32.D33.B34.A35.B【语篇解读】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了作者为了应对考试压力，从悬崖上跳水来释放压力的冒险经历。【21题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“哇！感觉要高得多，”我紧张地对我的研究生同学说。A.better更好的；B.funnier更滑稽的；C.higher更高的；D.faster更快的。根据“Ilookeddownatthewaterfarbelowme.”可知，作者在高处看着水面，因此，是站在较高的地方。故选C项。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：跳吧，我告诉自己。A.wait等待；B.jump跳；C.imagine想象；D.observe观察。根据下文“byjumpingoffacliff(悬崖).”可知，作者从悬崖跳水，所以此处表示只要跳下去就行了。故选B项。【23题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我觉得自己无所不能。A.proud骄傲的；B.tired劳累的；C.dismissive轻蔑的；D.capable有能力的。根据“Iwastotallyenergized.Mybrainwastemporarilyrewired.”可知，作者跳下水后，感觉自己充满了精力，因此，觉得自己无所不能。becapableof意思为：感到有……能力的。故选D项。【24题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：在这一天剩下的时间里，我感到特别平静和专注。A.particularly尤其，特别；B.regularly规律地；C.immediately立即；D.universally普遍地。根据下文“ButafterI_____anddriedoff,mystresswasgone.”可知，作者通过跳水这种方式来释放压力，结合“calmandattentive”可知，作者感到特别平静和专注。故选A项。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我一生都在探险。A.adventure冒险；B.wealth财富；C.truth真相；D.bargain便宜货。根据“Pastexperiencesincludedhitchhikingacrossthestateandclimbingabandonedcellphonetowers.”可知，作者热爱冒险。故选A项。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这种嗜好并不总是对我有好处。A.defended防御；B.proved证明；C.introduced介绍；D.served对……有用，满足……的需要。根据“Butinmysecondyearofgraduateschool,itcametomyrescue.”可知，在研究生第二年，冒险对作者产生了好处，因此，前文表示这种嗜好并不是对自己有好处。servesb.well意思为：满足某人的需要。故选D项。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过资格考试的压力越来越大。A.fading褪去；B.transforming变形；C.extending延伸；D.mounting上升。根据“Thepressuretopassmyqualifyingexam”可知，作者面临考试压力，压力越来越大，即，压力在不断上升。故选D项。【28题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我充满了紧张的能量，需要某种释放。A.comfort安慰；B.celebration庆祝；C.release释放；D.recognition认可，识别。根据“Iwaswiredwithnervousenergy”可知，作者充满了紧张的能量，因此，需要某种释放。故选C项。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以，我邀请了一个研究生和我一起游泳——在冬天的河里，从悬崖上跳下去。A.surfing冲浪；B.boating划船；C.swimming游泳；D.sailing航行。根据“inariver,inthemiddleofwinter,byjumpingoffacliff(悬崖).”可知，跳进河里应该是游泳。故选C项。【30题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们跳进冰冷的水中。A.melting感人的，柔情似水的；B.chilly寒冷的；C.stormy有风暴的；D.rising升起的。根据“byjumpingoffacliff(悬崖)”和常识可知，悬崖下的水应该是寒冷刺骨的。故选B项。【31题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我很快回到了水面上。A.surface表面；B.beach海滩；C.bottom底部；D.school学校。根据上文“WhenIsurfaced,Iwastotallyenergized.”可知，作者跳完水会迅速返回水面。故选A项。【32题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我尽可能在水里待得久一些，我的皮肤冻得很痛。A.face脸；B.ears耳朵；C.hands手；D.skin皮肤。根据“IstayedinthewateraslongasIcould”及上文描述水很冷可知，作者待在水中，皮肤被冻得很痛。故选D项。【33题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：但在我爬出来晒干身体后，我的压力就消失了。A.laydown躺下；B.climbedout出来；C.droveback开车返回；D.lookeddown向下看。根据“anddriedoff,mystresswasgone”可知，在从水里出来后，作者的压力消失了。故选B项。【34题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我发现它还有其他意想不到的好处。A.benefits好处；B.endings结束；C.approaches方法；D.problems问题。根据“Iwasapproachingmyworkwithacalmerstateofmindandtakingfailuresmoreeasily.”可知，跳水后还有另外的好处，能帮助作者用一个更平静的状态应对工作，并更容易地应对失败。故选A项。【35题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我处理压力的方法可能不适合每个人。A.account认为是；B.work工作，起效；C.allow允许；D.struggle奋斗，挣扎。根据“Everyonehastheirownwaytotacklestress.”可知，作者认为每个人都有自己的独特的处理压力的方式，因此，自己的方法不对每个人都有效果。故选B项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1.个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。GaoqiLingisanaturalwonderinChina’sHunanProvince,amountainofperfectlysmoothrockwithanextremelynarrowridge（山脊）___36___peoplelovetocrossdespitetheapparentdanger.China’sDanxiaParkisfamousforitsuniquelandforms,particularlythemulticolored“RainbowMountain”,butitishome___37___otherless-knownbutjustasinterestingnaturalformations.GaoqiLingisonesuchnaturalwonder.Originallyawatershed（分水岭）,thisnaturalwonder___38___(have)itsridgesshapedbythewaterwashingoverthemandthensmoothedoutbyrainandwind.Today,thesharpridgesareoftencomparedtoagiantknifeedgeorthebackboneof___39___sleepingdragon.GaoqiLingoffersbreathtakingviewsofDanxiaPark,butsomesectionsofitsridge___40___(consider)dangeroustocrossbecausethereisnofenceorcabletostop___41___(adventurer)fromslippingdownthesmoothsidesofthemountain.Still,manychoose___42___(take)theriskbecauseitissaidtobringgoodluck.Imaginewalkingonthisnarrowpath,hundredsofmetersaboveground,withnothing___43___(keep)youfromslidingoff,andthenitstartstorain.Talkaboutareal-life___44___(frighte