江西省吉安市2023-2024学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题（解析版）

吉安市高二上学期期末教学质量检测英语试题（测试时间：120分钟卷面总分：150分）注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号框涂黑；回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将答题卡交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whendoesthemanhavetogobackhomeeverynight?A.Before9:45p.m.B.Before10:15p.m.C.Before10:00p.m.2.Whatmakesthemansuffer?A.Acup.B.Ajourney.C.Sleeplessness.3.Whatcanweknowaboutthemissingchild?A.Agirlwithblueshorts.B.AgirlwithayellowT-shirt.C.Agirlwithstraightbrownhair.4.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Attheairport.B.Atarailwaystation.C.Inabusstation.5.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Fatheranddaughter.B.Doctorandpatient.C.Teacherandstudent.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Wherewillthemanboardtheplane?A.AtSydneyAirport.B.AtLosAngelesInternationalAirport.C.AtBurbankAirport.7.Whatkindofticketwillbereservedfortheman?A.Amorningticket.B.Anafternoonticket.C.Aneveningticket.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.What’sthewomandoing?A.Preparingforacompetition.B.Doingherhomework.C.Workingonalecture.9.Howdoesthewomandealwithhertask?A.Carelessly.B.Properly.C.Devotedly.听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。10.Whatpollutionistheworstaccordingtothedialogue?A.Waterpollution.B.Airpollution.C.Plasticpollution.11.Whichcountryhassetagoodexampleinreducingairpollution?A.China.B.Japan.C.Germany.12.Howmanykindsofpollutionarereferredtointhedialogue?A.4.B.5.C.6.13.Whatisthemostimportantconcerningtheenvironment?A.Theuseofplasticbags.B.Goodeducation.C.Greentravel.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Whydoesthemangotoseethedoctor?A.Histhroataches.B.Hehasastomachache.C.Hehasafever.15.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthefoodintherestaurant?A.Ittastesspicy.B.Itlooksgood.C.Itsmellsabnormal.16.Whatdoesthewomantell.themantodo?A.Alwayseatlightmeals.B.Dolotsofexercise.C.Takesomemedicine.17.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Takingexercisetostayhealthy.B.Eatinghealthyfoodtokeepfit.CEatinghome-cookedfoodtoavoidbeingfat.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Whatisanenjoyableexperienceaccordingtothespeaker?A.Tastingthelocalfood.B.Visitingtouristattractions.C.Takingatripbytaxi.19.Whodotaxidriversoftentalkabout?A.Governmentleaders.B.Theirfriends.C.Popularhosts.20.WhatmustapersondobeforebecomingataxidriverinLondon?A.Knowtheshortestway.B.Passatoughexam.C.Findthebestplacetoeat.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ADay1Kuitun-HuochengDrivetoHuochengforabout6hours,where29minoritygroupslive.Aftercheckinginatthehotel,drivetotheSayramLake,whichisalsopraisedas“thelastdropoftheAtlantictears”.ThebesttimetovisititisfromJunetoAugust,whenthewaterisextremelyclearandblueandmanyunknownflowersareinthefullblossom(盛开).Day2Huocheng-YiningInthemorning,visittheKhorgosPortbetweenChinaandKazakhstan.Haveabriefvisittothebordercooperationarea.Thenvisitthelavenderflora(薰衣草植物群)park.Itisthethirdlargestlavenderparkintheword,onlyafterProvenceandFurano.Atlast,drivetoYiningandcheckinatthehotel.Day3Yining-NalatiGrasslandTheNalatiGrasslandisafamouspasture(牧场)sinceancienttimes.ThisisalsoafamoustourismandholidayresortinXinjiangwhichiswell-knownforbeautifulgrasslandscenery.YoucouldjoininthehorseridingontheboundlessgrasslandandgetclosetothelocalKaZakculture.Itismuchcolderherethaninthecityespeciallyinthemorningandevening,sopleasetakesomewarmclotheswithyou.Day4Nalati-BayanbulakToday’sprivatetourwillcovertheBayanbulakGrasslandandtheSwanLakeNaturalReserve.TheBayanbulakGrasslandisthesecondlargestgrasslandinChinabeingknownforrichgrass,numerousflocksofsheepandvariedplants.TheSwanLakeislocatedinthisgrassland.Actually,itismadeofagroupofsmalllakes.YoucouldgouptotheBirdWatchPlatformbuilttheretoappreciatethesplendidsceneryoftheswans,lakes,mountains,clouds,andbluesky.1.WhenisthebesttimetovisittheSayramLake?A.Inspring. B.Insummer. C.Inautumn. D.Inwinter.2.Whereisthetemperaturemuchlowerthaninthecity?A.TheSwanLake, B.TheKhorgosPort.C.TheNalatiGrassland. D.TheBayanbulakGrassland.3.Inwhichdaycanvisitorsenjoyalandscapeoflakesandmountains?A.Day1. B.Day2. C.Day3. D.Day4.【答案】1.B2.C3.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了新疆四日游的行程安排，游客每天都能欣赏到不同的美景。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据小标题Day1Kuitun-Huocheng下的“ThebesttimetovisititisfromJunetoAugust,whenthewaterisextremelyclearandblueandmanyunknownflowersareinthefullblossom(盛开).(最好的游览时间是6月到8月，那时海水清澈湛蓝，许多不知名的花朵盛开)”可知，夏天是游览赛里木湖的最佳时期。故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据小标题Day3Yining-NalatiGrassland下的“Itismuchcolderherethaninthecityespeciallyinthemorningandevening,sopleasetakesomewarmclotheswithyou.(这里比城里冷得多，特别是在早晨和晚上，所以请带些暖和的衣服)”可知，在那拉提草原，温度比城里低很多。故选C项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据小标题Day4Nalati-Bayanbulak下的“YoucouldgouptotheBirdWatchPlatformbuilttheretoappreciatethesplendidsceneryoftheswans,lakes,mountains,clouds,andbluesky.(你可以登上建在那里的观鸟平台，欣赏天鹅、湖、山、云和蓝天的壮丽景色)”可知，在第四天游客可以欣赏湖光山色。故选D项。BOverthepast45years,farmerFuBenfahasplantedcountlesstreesonbarren(不毛的)mountainsnearQilitavillageinSuizhou,Hubeiprovince.Thetaskwouldhavebeenachallengeforanable-bodiedperson,letaloneapersonwithparalysis(瘫痪).Fu,65,wasparalyzedinanaccidentinJanuary1978.Newsaboutgreendevelopmentthroughmeasuressuchasexpandingforestsintheprovincecaughthisattention.Hegottheideathathemightbeabletocontribute.Fu’sparentsstronglydisagreedbecauseofhispoorphysicalcondition.Butheinsisted.Hisfatherfinallyacquiescedandmadehimaspecialshovel(铁锹)andstrawmat(草席).Inthewinterof1978,Fucametoabarrenmountainandbeganthetaskthatwouldoccupyhimfordecades.Hesatonthestrawmatandtriedtodigaholetoplantatreein,buthefailedtofinishitafterworkingallday.Hedidn’tgiveup,however,andtriedvariouskindsofmovementsuntilhebecamemoreefficient.Everydayhespentmorethan12hoursonthemountain.Afteramonth,hehadsuccessfullyplanted18trees,13ofwhichsurvived.Threemonthslater,hehadplantedmorethan300trees,mostofwhichsurvived.Overthenext30years,Fubroughtgreencolortofivemountainsaroundhisvillage.Withthehelpoflocalgovernments,aforestprotectionvolunteerserviceteamwassetuptocarefullyprotectandguardthegreenmountains.Afteryearsofstudyandexploration,Fuhasgainedrichexperienceandtakenadvantageoftechnology.Hehastaughtmorethan200nearbyfarmers,freeofcharge,toincreasetheirincomesbyplantingtrees.RecenthealthproblemshaveslowedFudown.HehasbeenrecoveringathomesinceFebruary.“Nowitisdifficultformetocontinueplantingtreesinthemountains,butIwillalwaysguardthisforest,”hesaid.“Iwillneverchangemydream.”4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“acquiesced”inParagraph2mean?A.Quit. B.Agreed. C.Argued. D.Opposed.5.WhatdoestheauthorintendtoexpressinParagraph3?AFuBenfawasfar-sighted. B.FuBenfasufferedlittle.C.FuBenfawasphysicallypoor. D.FuBenfawasstrong-willed.6.WhydidFuBenfateachnearbyfarmerstoplanttrees?A.Tobettertheirlife. B.Todrawtheirinterest.C.Tofindmorehelpers. D.Tomakemoreprogress.7.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.PlantingTreesChangedtheWorldB.FuBenfaHelpedFarmersintheVillageC.AnAble-bodiedManAmazedtheCountryD.For45Years,aParalyzedManPlantedManyTrees【答案】4.B5.D6.A7.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了湖北农民付本发身残志坚，绿化荒山的感人事迹。【4题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线词前文“Fu’sparentsstronglydisagreedbecauseofhispoorphysicalcondition.Butheinsisted.(由于付的身体状况不佳，他的父母强烈反对。但他坚持)”及后文“madehimaspecialshovel(铁锹)andstrawmat(草席).(给他制作了特别的铁锹和草席)”可知，他的父亲同意了，故划线词意思是“同意”。故选B。【5题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“Inthewinterof1978,Fucametoabarrenmountainandbeganthetaskthatwouldoccupyhimfordecades.Hesatonthestrawmatandtriedtodigaholetoplantatreein,buthefailedtofinishitafterworkingallday.Hedidn’tgiveup,however,andtriedvariouskindsofmovementsuntilhebecamemoreefficient.Everydayhespentmorethan12hoursonthemountain.Afteramonth,hehadsuccessfullyplanted18trees,13ofwhichsurvived.(1978年冬天，付来到一座荒山，开始了他几十年的工作。他坐在草席上，想挖个洞种棵树，但工作了一天，还是没能把它挖完。然而，他并没有放弃，他尝试了各种各样的动作，直到他变得更有效率。每天他都要在山上度过12个小时以上。一个月后，他成功地种下了18棵树，其中13棵存活了下来)”可推知，本段主要表达的是付本发意志坚强。故选D。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“Hehastaughtmorethan200nearbyfarmers,freeofcharge,toincreasetheirincomesbyplantingtrees.(他免费教了200多名附近的农民通过种树来增加收入)”可知，他教附近农民植树是为了改善他们的生活。故选A。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Overthepast45years,farmerFuBenfahasplantedcountlesstreesonbarren(不毛的)mountainsnearQilitavillageinSuizhou,Hubeiprovince.Thetaskwouldhavebeenachallengeforanable-bodiedperson,letaloneapersonwithparalysis(瘫痪).(在过去的45年里，湖北省随州市七里塔村附近的贫瘠山上，农民付本发种植了无数棵树。这项任务对一个健全的人来说都是一个挑战，更不用说瘫痪的人了)”可知，文章主要讲述了身残志坚的付本发45年来坚持植树，为荒山秃岭披上绿装的故事。由此可知，D选项“45年来，一个瘫痪的人种了很多树”最符合文章标题。故选D。CCombiningavertical(竖的，直立的)farmandofficespaceintoasingle51-storeyideaoutofChinesetales,anItalianarchitectiscompletingtheShenzhenskylinewithashockingfarmscraper(农场摩天楼).JianMuTowerwasdesignedforaleadingChinesesupermarkettobeaplacewhererentercangrow,sell,buy,orconsumeproduceinthesameplacetheywork.LyinginthesouthChinesecityofShenzhen,theTurin-basedCarloRattiAssociatiCompanyhasshowedplanstobuilda650-foottowerinwhich100,000squarefeetoftheglassoutside(外墙)isusedtoproducefood—590,000poundsofitperyear,whichwouldalsocontainaroundamillionsquarefeetforofficespace,asupermarket,gardens,andfoodcourt(美食街).Hydroponic(水栽法的)gardeninginvolvesusingnutrient-richwaterratherthansoil,andallowsplantstobegrownintubespiledupvertically.WorkingwithZERO,anItalian-basedcompanythatspecializesinnewapproachestoagriculture,JianMu’sfarmismadefulluseoftoproduceeverythingfromsaladgreenstofruits,whileremainingefficientandsustainable.AnAIscientistwouldwatchmostofthehydroponicsystems,waterandnutrients,planningplantingandharvestcycles,andothermatters.“Small-scaleurbanfarmingishappeningincitiesallovertheworld—fromParistoNewYorktoSingapore.JianMuTower,however,takesittothenextlevel,”writesRatti,whoisalsoaprofessoratMIT.“Suchapproachhasthepotentialtoplayamajorroleinthedesignoffuturecities,asitengagesinoneoftoday’smosturgentarchitecturalchallenges:Howtointegratethenaturalworldintobuildingdesign.”8.WhatisJianMuTowerintendedfor?A.Asupermarket. B.Afarm. C.Afactory. D.Aworkplace.9.WhatcanrentersusetheoutsideofJianMuTowerfor?A.Growfood. B.Exhibitclothing.C.Takeupgardening. D.Learntomanageasupermarket.10.WhatdoweknowaboutZERO?A.Itsfruitsarewellreceivedathome. B.Ithasrichexperienceinagriculture.C.ItmainlyfocusesonagricultureinItaly. D.ItcompletelyappliesAItechnology.11.WhatisRatti’sattitudetoJianMuTower?A.Unclear. B.Doubtful. C.Critical. D.Approving.【答案】8.A9.A10.B11.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了建木大厦的立体农场。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“JianMuTowerwasdesignedforaleadingChinesesupermarket.(建木大厦是为中国一家领先的超市设计的)”可知，建木大厦是为一家中国一流的超市而设计的。故选A。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“LyinginthesouthChinesecityofShenzhen,theTurin-basedCarloRattiAssociatiCompanyhasshowedplanstobuilda650-foottowerinwhich100,000squarefeetoftheglassoutside(外墙)isusedtoproducefood—590,000poundsofitperyear,whichwouldalsocontainaroundamillionsquarefeetforofficespace,asupermarket,gardens,andfoodcourt(美食街).(位于中国南方城市深圳的都灵CarloRattiAssociati公司计划建造一座650英尺高的塔楼，其中10万平方英尺的玻璃外墙用于生产食品——每年59万磅，其中还将包含约100万平方英尺的办公空间、超市、花园和美食广场)”可知，在建木大厦外墙可以种植食物。故选A。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“WorkingwithZERO,anItalian-basedcompanythatspecializesinnewapproachestoagriculture.(与ZERO合作，这是一家意大利公司，专门研究农业新方法)”可推知，ZERO农业经验丰富。故选B。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Small-scaleurbanfarmingishappeningincitiesallovertheworld—fromParistoNewYorktoSingapore.JianMuTower,however,takesittothenextlevel(从巴黎到纽约再到新加坡，世界各地的城市都在进行小规模的城市农业。然而，建木塔将其提升到了一个新的水平)”可推知，拉蒂对建木大厦是赞许的。故选D。DAhuman-likerobothasgottenajobworkingalongsidehumansatafactoryforthefirsttime.Apollo,theautobot,hastwoaims,twolegsandtwoeyesandisanaveragehumanheightof5feetand8inchesor172cm.Therobot’sjobistofitboxesandcontainersandmovethemaroundthefactory,butitsdesigner,Apptronik,saysfutureversionscouldbeusedtodohouseworkaroundthehome.Whileroboticmachinesarealreadyusedtosortgrains,helpdoctorsandpoliceofficersintrainingandcleanthefloor,Apolloisthefirsthuman-likerobottobeputtoworkinahumanjob.Apptroniksaidtherobotwasgivenhumanfeaturessuchasarmsandlegstohelppeoplefeelmorecomfortableworkingwithit.Therobotonlydoesbasictasksatthemoment,butitwilloffermoreandmorefeaturesasthetechnologyisdeveloped.Atthemoment,Apollo’sbatteryonlylastsfourhours,whichmeansithastodohalfdayshiftscomparedtoitshumanco-workers,whotendtoworkeighthoursaday.CardenassaidthathiscompanyhasbuilttwoApollorobotssofarandarenowbuildingfourmore.Apptronikplanstoproducelessthan100testversionsthatcompaniescantryoutbeforeitstartsproducingthefinalversionin2024.EconomistsbelieveoncerobotslikeApolloaremass-producedandintroducedintothemarket,theycouldbeusedtofilljobsinagedcare,manufacturing(制造业)andsecurity.Othercompaniesmtheracetobuildhuman-likerobotsincludeTesla,BostonDynamics,SamsungElectronicsandHansonRobotics.Lastyear,Teslasaiditwasplanningtohavethousandsofhuman-likerobotswithinitsfactories.LastyearTeslaintroduceditsrobot,Optimus,whichissaidtobelearningtonavigate(导航)onitsown,sensetheworldaroundit,andpickthingsuponitsown.BostonDynamicsintroducedAtlas,consideredtheworld’smostadvancedhuman-likerobotwhichhasprovedcapableofwalking,dancing,doingbackflips(后空翻),andjumping.12.WhatisspecialaboutApollo?A.Itcanhelpdoctors. B.Itcansortgrams.C.Itcandohouseworkinpeople’shomes. D.Itcanbeputtoworkinahumanjob.13.WhydoestheauthormentionApollo’sbattery?A.Itcutsdownonlaborcosts. B.Ithashadcompletechanges.C.Itwilllasteighthoursinthefuture. D.Itistherobotsmainweakness.14.Whichcompanydoestheworld’smostadvancedhuman-likerobotbelongto?A.Tesla. B.BostonDynamics. C.SamsungElectronics. D.HansonRobotics.15.Inwhichsectionmaythetextappear?A.Education. B.Culture. C.Technology. D.Entertainment.【答案】12.D13.D14.B15.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个人形机器人首次在一家工厂找到了一份能与人类协同做事的工作及其目前存在的缺点与未来的发展。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Whileroboticmachinesarealreadyusedtosortgrains,helpdoctorsandpoliceofficersintrainingandcleanthefloor,Apolloisthefirsthuman-likerobottobeputtoworkinahumanjob.(虽然机器人已经被用于分拣谷物、帮助医生和警察训练以及清洁地板，但阿波罗是第一个被用于人类工作的人形机器人)”可知，阿波罗的特别之处是它能从事人类的工作。故选D项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Atthemoment,Apollo’sbatteryonlylastsfourhours,whichmeansithastodohalfdayshiftscomparedtoitshumanco-workers,whotendtoworkeighthoursaday.(目前，阿波罗号的电池只能维持4个小时，这意味着它必须每天轮班半天，而人类同事往往每天工作8小时)”可知，作者提到了阿波罗的电池，是因为电池是阿波罗的主要弱点。故选D项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“BostonDynamicsintroducedAtlas,consideredtheworld’smostadvancedhuman-likerobotwhichhasprovedcapableofwalking,dancing,doingbackflips(后空翻),andjumping.(波士顿动力公司推出了被认为是世界上最先进的类人机器人阿特拉斯，它已经被证明能够走路、跳舞、后空翻和跳跃)”可知，世界上最先进的人形机器人属于BostonDynamics公司。故选B项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Ahuman-likerobothasgottenajobworkingalongsidehumansatafactoryforthefirsttime.(一个人形机器人首次在一家工厂找到了一份与人类一起工作的工作)”以及纵观全文可知，文章介绍的是世界上一个人形机器人首次在一家工厂找到了一份与人类协同做事的工作及其目前存在的不足与未来的发展。由此推知，本文应该出现在科技版块。故选C项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Fromhonoringyourselftodoingsmallactsofkindness,there’ssomethingyoucandoeachdaytobetteryourselfandgrowasanindividual.Keepreadingtolearnhowyoucanstartyourself-improvementjourney.Beyourself.____16____Youareunique,special,andone-of-a-kind.Acceptingyourselfforwhoyoutrulyarecanhelpyoufeelhappier,improveyourlife,andstrengthenyouridentityFollowyourgut(直觉),dowhatyoulove,andexploreyourinterests.Themoreyoudotofuelyourenergy,thehappierandmoreconfidentyou’llbe.____17____Ifyoudon’tgiveyourbodythepropernutritionandrestitneeds,youwon’tbeabletoserveyourselforothers.Slicktoaregularroutinethat’shealthyforyou.Watchhowyourmoodchangesforthebetter.Whenyousupportyourphysicalhealth,yousupportyourmentalhealth.Acceptthatchangehappens.It’sokayifyourgoalsdon’tstaythesameasyougrowolder.____18____Itbendswhenyouleastexpectit!Becauseofthis,yourshort-termandlong-termgoalsmaychangeasyougo.Thisiscompletelynormalandasignthatyou’rebecomingabetterperson.____19____Bekindtoyourself.____20____Self-compassion(自我同情)maysoundliketheoppositeofbeingabetterperson,butcaringforyourselfisthefirststeptoimprovement.Afterall,ifyoucan’tcareforyourself,howcanyoucareforothers?A.Learnanewskill.B.Takecareofyourself.C.Doaformofexerciseyouenjoy.D.Beforelearningtoloveothers,learntoloveyourself.E.Thejourneyofself-improvementisn’tastraightpath.F.Thebestwaytobeabetterpersonistosimplybe100%you.G.Afterall,youwouldn’tbeadaptingifyoudidn’twanttoimprove.【答案】16.F17.B18.E19.G20.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了成为更好自我的四则建议。【16题详解】根据主题句“Beyourself.(做自己)”与空后的“Youareunique,special,andone-of-a-kind.(你是独特的，特别的，独一无二的)”可知，成为一个更好的人的最好方法就是做百分之百的你。F选项“成为更好的人的最好方法就是做100%的自己”符合语境，故选F。17题详解】根据后文“Ifyoudon’tgiveyourbodythepropernutritionandrestitneeds,youwon’tbeabletoserveyourselforothers.Slicktoaregularroutinethat’shealthyforyou.Watchhowyourmoodchangesforthebetter.Whenyousupportyourphysicalhealth,yousupportyourmentalhealth.(如果你不给你的身体适当的营养和休息，你将无法为自己或他人服务。养成有规律的生活习惯对你的健康有益。观察你的情绪如何变得更好。当你支持你的身体健康，你支持你的精神健康)”可知，第三段主要讲的是睡眠、食物、锻炼对成为更好的自我很重要。故B选项“照顾好你自己”可以概括本段主旨。故选B。【18题详解】根据空后的“Itbendswhenyouleastexpectit!(它会在你最意想不到的时候变曲折！)”可知，自我提升之旅并非一帆风顺。E选项“自我提升的旅程不是一条笔直的路”符合语境，故选E。【19题详解】根据上文“Thisiscompletelynormalandasignthatyou’rebecomingabetterperson.(这是完全正常的，也是你正在成为一个更好的人的标志)”可知，只有提升自我，才能更好地适应。故G选项“毕竟，如果你不想进步，你就不会适应”符合语境，故选G。【20题详解】根据第五段的主题句“Bekindtoyourself.(善待自己)”与空后的“Self-compassionmaysoundliketheoppositeofbeingabetterperson,butcaringforyourselfisthefirststeptoimprovement.(自我同情听起来像是成为一个更好的人的对立面，但关心自己是改善的第一步)”可知，在学会爱别人之前，先学会爱自己。故D选项“在学会爱别人之前，先要学会爱自己”符合语境，故选D。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。IstoodbesidethehospitalbedwhereRuss,myhusbandlaypaleandscared.Hewasdiagnosedwithleukemia(白血病)andwas____21____tostayinhospitalatleastamonth.Amonth!Wecouldn’taffordbeinginthehospitalthatlong.Weweretight____22____.“Gohomeandrest.Comebacktomorrow,”Russsaid,givingmealistofitemsto____23____.Unwillingly,Ilefthisroom.Thenextmorning,I____24____thecarwitheverythingneededforourhospitalstayand____25____toschooltoseemystudents.Becauseweliveinasmallcommunity,theywouldhaveheardaboutmyhusband’sdiagnosis(诊断).WhenI____26____myclassroom,thechatterstopped.____27____ontheplatform,Ifounda(n)____28____with“MrsSargent”writtenonthefront.“Whatisthis?”Iasked.The____29____smiledasIopenedthecardandcoinsanddollarbillsfellout—fives,tens,twenties.Mythroattightenedwith_____30_____.“Ican’ttakethis,”Isaid.Buttheir_____31_____facesgavemenochoice.Therewas_____32_____intheireyes.Astheadultintheroom,Ifelt_____33_____foracceptingcashfromteenagers,butIcouldnotrefuseit.Moreimportantthantheenvelopeinmyhandwasthe_____34_____intheirheartsandthelessontheyhadtaughtthemselves:Howwonderfulitfeelstomeetsomeone’sneedandtomakeadifference.Iprayedthiswasn’talessonforthedaybutfortheir_____35_____.21.A.requested B.lectured C.challenged D.rewarded22.A.confidently B.mentally C.physically D.financially23.A.showoff B.bringback C.doup D.handover24.A.rented B.handled C.packed D.parked25.A.headed B.cycled C.paced D.dived26.A.swept B.entered C.decorated D.left27.A.Acting B.Shouting C.Stepping D.Applauding28.A.essay B.drawer C.sheet D.envelope29.A.patients B.customers C.kids D.players30.A.emotion B.anger C.help D.joy31.A.sad B.blank C.upset D.eager32.A.doubt B.pride C.security D.scare33.A.guilty B.friendly C.logical D.exceptional34.A.envy B.kindness C.pain D.impatience35.A.survival B.routine C.lifetime D.preference【答案】21.A22.D23.B24.C25.A26.B27.C28.D29.C30.A31.D32.B33.A34.B35.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者是一位教师，她的丈夫被诊断出患有白血病需要住院，她的学生积极为其捐款的动人故事。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他被诊断出患有白血病，并被要求住院至少一个月。A.requested要求；B.lectured讲课，告诫；C.challenged挑战；D.rewarded奖励。根据前文“Hewasdiagnosedwithleukemia(白血病)”可知，因为被诊断患有白血病，所以被要求住院。故选A项。【22题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们经济拮据。A.confidently自信地；B.mentally精神上；C.physically体力上；D.financially财政上，经济上。根据前文“Amonth!Wecouldn’taffordbeinginthehospitalthatlong.”并结合下文学生捐款的行为可知，他们不能在医院治疗那么长时间，应该是经济上有困难。故选D项。【23题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：Russ说着，给了我一张要带回来的物品清单。A.showoff炫耀；B.bringback带回；C.doup扣好，打扮；D.handover移交。根据常识和前文“Gohomeandrest.Comebacktomorrow”可知，他们先回家，第二天来住院，交给作者的应该是住院时需要带回的物品清单。故选B项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天早上，我把住院所需的一切都装上车，直奔学校去看望我的学生。A.rented租借；B.handled处理；C.packed包装，（把……）装箱；D.parked停，泊。根据后文“thecarwitheverythingneededforourhospitalstay”可知，作者把住院所需的一切都装上车。故选C项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.headed朝……行进；B.cycled骑自行车；C.paced走来走去，调整节奏；D.dived跳水（头向下），下潜。根据后文“toschooltoseemystudents”可知，作者装好需要的东西后先去了自己工作的学校。故选A项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我走进教室时，闲聊停止了。A.swept清扫；B.entered进入；C.decorated装饰；D.left离开。根据后文“myclassroom,thechatterstopped”可知，作者走进教室，学生都不说话了。故选B项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析句意：走上讲台，我发现了一个信封，信封正面写着“Sargent夫人”。A.Acting行动；B.Shouting叫喊；C.Stepping踏步，行走；D.Applauding鼓掌欢迎。根据语境和后文“ontheplatform”可知，作者走上讲台。故选C项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.essay文章；B.drawer抽屉；C.sheet床单；D.envelope信封。根据后文“asIopenedthecardandcoinsanddollarbillsfellout—fives,tens,twenties”以及最后一段中“Moreimportantthantheenvelopeinmyhand”可知，那里放着装满钱币的信封。故选D项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我打开信封卡时，孩子们笑了，硬币和钞票从里面掉了出来，有5元的，10元的，20元的。A.patients病人；B.customers顾客；C.kids孩子；D.players运动员。根据前文“WhenI____6____myclassroom,thechatterstopped.”可知，在教室里，作者面对的是孩子们。故选C项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我激动得喉咙发紧。A.emotion情感，强烈的感情；B.anger愤怒；C.help帮助；D.joy喜悦。根据语境和前文“Mythroattightened”可知，作者看到学生这么热情的帮助，情绪特别激动。故选A项。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但他们热切的表情让我别无选择。A.sad伤心的；B.blank空白的；C.upset不安的；D.eager渴望的，热切的。根据语境和后文“facesgavemenochoice”可知，学生们热切的表情让作者不得不接受他们的帮助。故选D项。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的眼中充满了自豪。A.doubt怀疑；B.pride骄傲，自豪；C.security安全；D.scare恐慌。根据前文“The____9____smiledasIopenedthecardandcoinsanddollarbillsfellout”和后文“intheireyes”可知，孩子们为自己能够帮助老师而感到自豪。故选B项。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为房间里的成年人，我对接受青少年的现金感到内疚，但我无法拒绝。A.guilty内疚的；B.friendly友好的；C.logical逻辑的；D.exceptional杰出的，异常的。根据前文“Astheadultintheroom”和后文“foracceptingcashfromteenagers”可知，作为成年人的作者接受孩子们的现金感到内疚。故选A项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：比我手中的信封更重要的是他们心中的善良，以及他们教会自己的一课：满足别人的需要、做出改变的感觉是多么美妙。A.envy嫉妒；B.kindness善良；C.pain痛苦；D.impatience不耐烦。根据前文“The____9____smiledasIopenedthecardandcoinsanddollarbillsfellout”以及“Moreimportantthantheenvelopeinmyhand”等内容可知，作者认为比金钱更重要的是孩子们心中的善良。故选B项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我祈祷这不是一天的教训，而是他们一生的教训。A.survival生存；B.routine常规；C.lifetime一生，寿命；D.preference偏爱。根据前文“Iprayedthiswasn’talessonfortheday”以及“but”的转折可知，这不是一天的教训而是一生的教训。lifetime与day相对，故选C项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。OneofthemostpopularcitywalkroutesinShanghaiisFuxingRoadinthedowntownareaofthecity.Withtrees____36____(give)shadefromthesunlight,thestreetishometomanyhistoricbuildingsofspecial____37____(significant)toChina.Amongthemistheformerresidence(宅第)ofafamousChinesearchitect.ZhuangJun(1888-1990),____38____namewasalsospeltasChuangTsin,wasoneofthefirstprofessionalarchitectsinmodernChina,and____39____(create)aseriesoflandmarkbuildingsinShanghaiandothermajorcitiesacrossthecountry.Healsocompiled(编写)thefirstEnglish-Chinesedictionaryofarchitecturalengineeringtermsin____40____1950s.Theresidencewasdesignedbyhimselfandconstructedin1921.____41____(locate)at45FuxingRoadWestinXuhuiDistrict,itisabrick-concretethree-storeygardenhouse.ItoccupiesalongandnarrowL-shapedareaof306squaremeters,consisting____42____twosetsofunits.Theouterwallislightyellow,whilethecorners____43____(decorate)withtooth-shapedredbricks.Twofireplaceswerebuiltinthesittingroom____44____theguestroom.Zhuangandhisfamilylivedinthehousefordecadesandhediedtherein1990.Thehousewaslistedasa____45____(culture)relicpreservationsiteofXuhuiDistrictin2017.Todayitisstillaprivateresidenceandvisitorscanonlyappreciateitfromtheoutside.【答案】36.giving37.significance38.whose39.created40.the41.Located42.of43.aredecorated44.and45.cultural【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国建筑师庄俊在上海的故居。【36题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这条街上有许多对中国具有特殊意义的历史建筑，树木遮阳。分析句子结构可知，此处是with引导的复合结构，give和逻辑主语trees之间是是主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填giving。【37题详解】考查名词。句意：这条街上有许多对中国具有特殊意义的历史建筑，树木遮阳。空前是形容词，所以空出应填名词作宾语，significant的名词形式是significance。故填significance。【38题详解】考查定语从句。句意：庄俊(1888-1990)，又名