2024届 高考英语语法专题复习：动名词讲义素材

考点二：动名词

一、动名词的构成

动名词是在动词原形后加上ing构成,结构为“动词原形+ing”。例如:

see的动名词为seeing

read的动名词为reading

write的动名词为writing

cook的动名词为cooking

动名词兼具动词和名词的特征。

二、动名词的用法

1.作主语

结构:Doing/Seeing/Havingetc+be动词

例句：

Seeingisbelieving.

Drivingafterdrinkingisdangerous.

Jogginginthemorningisgoodexercise.

2.作宾语

结构:动词+动名词

例句：

Heenjoysreadingnovels.

Ifinishedwritingthereport.

Shesuggestshavingameeting.

3.作表语

结构:主语+be+动名词

例句:

Myfavoriteactivityiscooking.

Theirplanisbuildinganewlibrary.

HisjobisteachingEnglish.

4.作定语

结构:先行词+动名词

例句:

Thegirldancingoverthereismysister.

TheteachergivingthespeechismyEnglishteacher.

Doyouhaveanyquestionsregardingapplyingforthescholarship?

5.作状语

结构:主语+谓语动同动名词

例句：

Hehurthiskneeplayingfootball.

Shegotanallergyfromeatingpeanuts.

ImethimwhilestudyinginLondon.

三、练习

1.句子转换练习

-Headmitted(make)thatmistake.

Headmittedmakingthatmistake.

-1suggest(have)ameetingtodiscussthisissue.

Isuggesthavingameetingtodiscussthisissue.

2.句子补充练习

-1lookforwardto(see)youagainsoon.

Ilookforwardtoseeingyouagainsoon.

-Shequitherjob(takecare)ofherbaby.

Shequitherjobtotakecareofherbaby.

-Marygotapromotion(work)hardformanyyears.

Marygotapromotionfromworkinghardformanyyears.

练习一；选择合适的动名词

从括号内选择合适的动名词填空。

Sheenjoys(swim)intheocean.

I'minterestedin(play)musicalinstruments.

Hisfavoritehobbyis(read)sciencefictionnovels.

Wehadagreattime(hike)inthemountains.

Theteacherencourages(participate)inclassdiscussions.

Sheisgoodat(paint)landscapes.

Hesuggested(go)forawalkafterdinner.

Theyareconsidering(take)acookingclass.

练习二：句子改写

将给定句子改写，使用动名词。

Theycansolveproblemseasily.

改为：Theyaregoodatproblems.

ShestartedlearningFrenchtwoyearsago.

改为：ShebeganFrenchtwoyearsago.

Heapologizedforarrivinglate.

改为：Hesaidsorryforlate.

Weoftengoforaruninthepark.

改为：Weoftenenjoyinthepark.

Theydiscussedtheplanatthemeeting.

改为：Theyhadadiscussionaboutatthemeeting.

练习三：填空完成短文

根据上下文，在空格处填入适当的动名词。

Myfavoriteactivityis(cycle).Istarted(cycle)whenIwasachild,and

I'vebeenpassionateaboutiteversince.Ienjoythefeelingoffreedomthatcomeswith

(ride)abike.Ioftengooutforlongridesonweekends,andIfinditrelaxingand

refreshing.Recently,Ijoineda(cycle)club,whichgivesmethechancetomeetother

peoplewhosharethesameinterest.Ibelievethat(cycle)isnotonlyagreatformof

exercisebutalsoawaytoexplorenewplaces.

练习四：连词填空

根据意思，在空格处填入适当的动名词或短语。

Sheisexcitedabout(start)hernewjob.

Theyareconsidering(go)onaroadtrip.

Hisdreamis(become)aprofessionalmusician.

I'mtiredof(wait)forthebuseverymorning.

They'rethinkingof(take)acookingclass.

考点四：过去分词

一、过去分词的构成

过去分词的构成是在动词原形后加ed。例如：

learn的过去分词是learned

listen的过去分词是listened

walk的过去分词是walked

要注意不规则动词的过去分词构成。

二、过去分词的用法

1.作定语

结构:过去分词+名词

例句：

Therepairedcarlooksbrandnew.

Thefallenleavescoveredtheground.

Hisinjuredkneestoppedhimfromplayingfootball.

2.作表语

结构:主语+be+过去分词

例句：

Thehouseispaintedblue.

MyEnglishhasimprovedaot.

Thefoodwascookedperfectly.

3.作状语

结构:过去分词，其余部分

例句:

Boredwiththemovie,hefellasleephalfway.

Shockedbythenews,sheburstintotears.

Equippedwiththenecessarytools,theystartedtheproject.

三、练习

1.句子转换练习

-Thethiefwascaught(steal)fromtheshop.

Thethiefwascaughtstealingfromtheshop.

-Sheenteredtheroom,(folow)byherdog.

Sheenteredtheroom,followedbyherdog.

2.句子补充练习

-(exhaust),therunnercollapsedaftercrossingthefinishline.

Exhausted,therunnercollapsedaftercrossingthefinishline.

-TheFACupfinal,onSunday,isbroadcasttomanycountries.

TheFACupfinal,playedonSunday,isbroadcasttomanycountries.

练习一：选择合适的过去分词

从括号内选择合适的过去分词填空。

Thebrokenvasewascarefully(repair)bytheskilledcraftsman.

Thenovelwassointerestingthatshecouldn'tstop(read)it.

Theassignmentwassubmittedlate,soitwasmarkedas(complete).

Themovie,(direct)byafamousdirector,wasaboxofficehit.

Shewasamazedbythe(paint)artworkdisplayedinthegallery.

Thelostdogwasfinally(find)byitsowner.

Thecakewasdelicious,madewithfreshly(bake)ingredients.

Thestudentswereexcitedtoseethe(select)playsperformedonstage.

练习二：句子改写

将给定句子改写，使用过去分词。

Thechefpreparedaspecialdishfortheguests.

改为：Aspecialdishbythecheffortheguests.

Theyheardthenewsandwereshocked.

改为：Hearingthenews,theywere.

Theteambuiltanewstadiumfortheupcomingtournament.

改为：Anewstadiumbytheteamfortheupcomingtournament.

Shesawthemovieandwasimpressed.

改为：Seeingthemovie,she.

Hefoundthelostkeysonthesidewalk.

改为：Thelostkeysonthesidewalkbyhim.

练习二：填空完成短文

根据上下文，在空格处填入适当的过去分词。

Theoldhouseattheendofthestreethasbeen(abandon)foryears.Itswindowsare

broken,andthegardenisovergrownwithweeds.Peopleusedtosaythatitwas

(haunt)byghosts.However,afewweeksago,agroupofvolunteersdecidedtocleanitupand

giveitanewlife.Theyhavebeenworkingtirelessly,pa