河南省新乡市2023-2024学年高一上学期期末考试 英语 含解析

2023—2024学年新乡市高一期末(上)测试英语注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whichisthewoman'sbestsubject?A.Math.B.English.C.Physics.2.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Astranger.B.Agooddeed.C.Aphone.3.Whatisthewoman'sadvice?A.Toimproveourjudgment.B.Toavoidjudgingbyappearances.C.Tocarryoutthereal-namesystem.4.Whatbehaviordoesthemandislikeatthecinema?A.Kickingtheseat.B.Leavinghalfway.C.Sendingtexts.5.Wherearethespeakersmostprobably?A.Inthelibrary.B.Intheclassroom.C.Inthezoo.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing?A.Theweather.B.Free-timeactivities.C.Theweekendplan.7.Whatdoesthemanplantodothiswinter?A.Takesomeclasses.B.Gotokaraokeatnight.C.Gocampingwiththewoman.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Howdoesthewomanfirstsoundafterhearingtheman'swords?A.Satisfied.B.Doubtful.C.Painful.9.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Dosomeshoppingwithher.B.Buyacutewalletforher.C.Haveafashionablehairstyle.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Sheisbuyingahouse.B.Sheisrepaintingthewalls.C.Sheisrentingahouse.11.Whatistheman'srequirement?A.Signingtheagreementnow.B.Keepingthewallsclean.C.Payingthreeyears'rentinadvance.12.Howmuchwillthewomanpay?A.$900.B.$600.C.$300.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teacherandparent.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Colleagues.14.WhoisJoy?A.Thewoman'sniece.B.Theman'sstudent.C.Theman'sniece.15.Whatdoesthewomansayabouttheheavystudyburden?A.Itdoesharmtochildren'shealth.B.Itistheresultofbadstudyhabits.C.Itmainlycomesfromschool.16.Whatshouldparentsdoaccordingtotheman?A.Helpchildrendevelopgoodstudyhabits.B.Putmorepressureonchildren.C.Improvechildren'sinterestinlearning.听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。17.Howmuchsnowcanpeopleseethismorning?A.Alot.B.Alittle.C.None.18.WhatwillthetemperaturebeonMountA.Aboutfivedegrees.B.Abouttwodegrees.C.Aboutzerodegree.19.Whendoesthespeakerrecommendtakingthefamilyout?A.Tomorrow.B.Thisweekend.C.NextMonday.20.Whatcanlistenersheartodayat5:00pm?A.Asportsreport.B.Aspeechbythepresident.C.Anotherweatherreport.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AThisyear,over2,000studentsacrosstheUKparticipatedintheYouthIndustrialStrategyCompetition,anationalcompetitionorganizedbytheBritishScienceAssociation.Let'stakealookatsomeofthemostcreativeideasthatmadeittothefinal.RushilPatel'sAIprocessorRushilPatel,astudentfromStWilfrid'sCatholicComprehensiveSchoolinCrawley,developedaprojectthatusesofflineAItoaccuratelyprocessaspecificobjectoreventintheworldaroundtheuser.AMartianhabitattoreduceoverpopulationThinkingoutsidethebox,studentsfromAltrinchamAhydroelectricplumbing(水力发电的管道)systemStudentsfromMaryWebbSchoolandScienceCollegeinShrewsburymadeahydroelectricplumbingsystemdesignedtoreduceenergywastage.Theirproductaimstomakeuseofwaterflowingthroughthepipesinourhomes,byfittingadeviceintohouseholdwaterpipesthatactsasaminihydroelectricgenerator.Therainwater-harvestingbenchStudentsfromDundonaldHighSchoolinNorthernIrelandcreatedaprojectthatharvestsrainwaterinthecitythatcanthenbeusedagainforhumanconsumption.Theproductcanalsooperateasapublicbench.21.WhatmakesRushilPatel'sAIprocessordifferentfromotherideas?A.Itmadeittothefinal.B.Itcanbeusedasapublicbench.C.Itwasinventedbyasingleperson.D.Itwonfirstplaceinthecompetition.22.Whichideaisthemostdifficulttorealizeaccordingtothetext?A.RushilPatel'sAIprocessor.B.Therainwater-harvestingbench.C.Ahydroelectricplumbingsystem.D.AMartianhabitattoreduceoverpopulation.23.Whatdothelasttwoideashaveincommon?A.Theyarefixedinthehouse.B.Theyaimtoreducepollution.C.Theyaregoodforsavingrainwater.D.Theyrelatetomakinguseofwater.BThisweekwasbusierthanusual,andIwasinneedofsleeporresttoday.AllIwantedtodowasgohomeandenjoyabowlofgoodhotsoup.ButwhenIsawmydaughter'scar,IknewthatitwasBryan'snight.Sincehisparentsseparated,Ihadtriedtohavemysix-year-oldgrandsonspendafewhourswithmeatleastonceaweek.Ihadalwaystriedtomakeitaspecialtimeforhim.Wedidmanyinterestingthings.Bryanlovedalltheseactivities,andsodidI.ButtodayIhadtogiveupourevening.IknewhowtiredIwas,soIjustsaid,“Bryan,I’msorry.TonightIdon'tfeellikehavingfunorplayinggames.We'llhaveournighttogethersomeothertime.”Hesaid,“Ilikesoup,Grandma.”Iknewheactuallymeant“Pleasedon'tsendmeaway.Pleaseletmestay”AndIsawtheshadowinBryan'seyesSomethingelsewaschangingMaybehethoughtIwouldn'twanttohavehimcomeanymore—nottonight,notnextweek.notever.Finally,IsaidOK.Andhiseyeslightedup.AfterIputthesouponthedeskandturnedontheTV,Ifellasleep.WhenIwokeup,therewasacoatovermylegs,andthesoupwasgone.Bryanwasonthefloor,readingacoloringbookandwatchingatelevisionshowatthesametime.Thepoorboymusthavebeensobored!WhenhefoundIwasawake,heranoverandgavemeabighug.“Iloveyou,Grandma,”hesaid.“Haven'twehadanicetimetogether?”Hisbigsmileandhappyeyestoldmethatthistimehemeantexactlywhathewassaying.Thatwasthekeyword—together.Wehaddonenothingexcitingorspecial.Butweweretogether.24.Whatcanweknowfromparagraph1?A.Bryanplayedwithhisparentsthatday.B.Bryan'smomdrankabowlofsoup.C.Bryancamewithhisfatherthatday.D.Bryan'sgrandmotherwastired.25.WhydidtheauthoragreetospendtimewithBryanthatnight?A.Shedidn'twanttoleaveBryandisappointed.B.ShewantedtoplaygameswithBryan.C.Shewasnotgoodatsayingno.D.Shewasrequiredtodoso.26.Whichwordcanreplacetheunderlinedword“shadow”inparagraph3?A.sicknessB.sadnessC.kindnessD.selfishness27.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeBryan?A.Youngbutloud.B.Noisybutcurious.C.Carefulandloving.D.Braveandclever.CChildrenseemtocaresomuchabouttheirnames.Astudyshowsthatmostyoungpeoplewishtheirparentshadgiventhemadifferentname.Somepeoplechoosetochangetheirnameswhentheygrowup.Manypeopleinshowbusinessdon'tusethenamestheirparentsgavethem.HaveyoueverlistenedtoJoanne?No?Theanswercouldbe“yes”ifwecallherstagenameinstead!YoumayneverheardofMargaret.Butifwetellyouherstagename,youmightknowherasafamousdancer.Inmanycultures,therearespecialideasabouthowtochooseaname.Forexample,manypeoplechooseanamethathasbeenintheirfamilyformanyyears.Ittellsthechildwhereheorshecomesfrom.Choosingagoodnameisn'teasy.Manyparentssearchbooksthattellthemthemeaningsofnames.Theycouldchooseanamethatcarriesamessage.Forexample,Edithmeans“valuablegift”.Amandameans“love”.AndFarameans“joy”.Nameslikethesetellfamilyandfriendshowhappytheyarewiththeirnewbaby.Othernamescansaysomethingabouttheeventsduringthebirthofthechild.InAfrica,afirstbornsonmayhavethenameMosiandthenameAmameans“bornonSaturday”.IseveryboycalledCurtispolite?AndiseverygirlcalledMahiraquickandfullofenergy?Noparentscantellwhatkindofpersontheirchildwillgrowuptobe.WhenparentsnameaboyFahim,itdoesn'tmeanhewillbeclever.Alltheycandoishope.28.Whatcanweknowaboutthestudy?A.Youngkidsdon'tcareabouttheirfuture.B.Mostyoungpeoplecareabouttheirnames.C.Mostgirlswanttochangetheirnames.D.Mostparentswanttorenamebythemselves.29.Whyis“Joanne”mentionedinparagraph2?A.Tointroduceafamousdancertoreaders.B.Toprovesomepeoplehopetoberenamed.C.Tointroducehertruename.D.Totellthebenefitofnames.30.Whyisitdifficulttochooseagoodname?A.Kidsalwayswanttorename.B.Itishardtochangekids'names.C.Parentsaren'tsureiftheirkidswilllikethename.D.Parentswanttochooseameaningfulname.31.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Yourparents'wishisbehindnamesB.NamescanneverinfluenceourlivesC.Loveyourparents,loveyournameD.MethodstochooseasuitablenameDAstudyledbytheUniversityofGranadahasmadesureforthefirsttimethenumberofstepsatwhichmostpeoplecangethealthbenefits.Thestudyhasprovidedthefirstscientificevidenceforhowmanystepsyouneedtotakeperdaytoreducetheriskofpremature(过早的)death:about8,000steps.Giventhelengthofahumanstep,taking8,000stepsisjustlikewalkingabout6.4kilometersaday.Theresearchersconductedasystematicliteraturereviewandanalysisofdatafromtwelveinternationalstudiesinvolvingmorethan110,000participants.Theresultsareinlinewithotherrecentstudies,whichshowthathealthbenefitsaregotatabout8,000steps.“Whatmakesourstudydifferentisthat,forthefirsttime,wesetclearstepaims.Itshowsthatmeasurablebenefitscanbegotwithsmallincreasesinthenumberofstepsperday,andthatforpeoplewithlowlevelsofphysicalactivity,everyadditional500stepsimprovestheirhealthThisisgoodnewsbecausenoteveryonecanwalkalmost8,000stepsaday,atleastnotatfirst,soyoucansetsmall,reachablegoalsandgraduallymakeprogressandincreasethenumberofstepsperday,”explainsEsméeBakker,oneoftheleadauthorsofthestudy.So,shouldwestopwalkingwhenwereacharoundninethousandsteps?“Absolutelynot,”FranciscoB.Ortega,anotherleadauthorofthestudy,saidfirmly.“Morestepsareneverbad.Ourstudyshowedthatevenasmanyas16.000stepsadaydoesnotposearisk;onthecontrary,thereareadditionalbenefitscomparedtowalking7,000-9,000stepsaday.”Thestudygivespeopleclearandeasilymeasurablegoals.Hereliestheimportanceofthestudy—toprovidesimpleandconcrete(具体的)aimsforthenumberofdailystepsthatpeoplecaneasilymeasurewiththeirphonesorsmartwatches,andtherebycontributetopeople'shealth.32.Whatcanwelearnaboutthestudyaccordingtoparagraph1?A.Itsfindingswerebasedonscientificevidence.B.Itexploredthelengthofahumanstep.C.Itprovedthebenefitsofwalking.D.Itfoundanewwaytopreventprematuredeath.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“This”inparagraph3referto?A.Thenumberofstepsisbecominglarger.B.Thenumberofstepsisabout8,000stepsaday.C.Thenumberofthewholestepsisabout500steps.D.Thenumberofstepswithasmallincreasecangetbenefits.34.Whatisthepurposeofthelastparagraph?A.Torecommendawaytokeephealthy.B.Toshowthesignificanceofthestudy.C.Toencouragepeopletowalkmoresteps.D.Toprovethecontributionofmoderntechnology.35.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?A.Education.B.Sports.C.Health.D.Environment.第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。WorldWaterDayEveryoneneedswater,andeverydropisprecious.On22March,WorldWaterDaydrawsattentiontotheessentialroleofwaterinourlives36Weallneedwatertostayalive,butabouttwobillionpeoplearoundtheworldlivewithoutcleanwaterintheirhomes37Manyofthemliveinruralcommunitiesorinplaceswheretherearewarsandconflicts.Meanwhile,climatechangeismakingthelittlewatertheyhaveaccesstolessandless.38Thousandsofchildrenworldwidedieeverydayfromdiarrhoeacausedbydirtywater.Insomecountries,peoplewalkmanykilometerseverydaytogetwater,andsometimesthewaterisn'tclean.Ifchildrenspendmostoftheirdaywalkingforwater,theycan'tgotoschool.In1992,theUnitedNationsmadeaspecialdayforwater,andWorldWaterDayhasbeencelebratedon22Marcheveryyearsince1993.Onthisday,manycountriesholdeventstoeducatepeopleabouttheproblemsofdirtywater39SomecharitiesorganizefundraisingeventsforWorldWaterDay.Peopledothingslikesponsoredwalks,cyclesandswims40,wherepeoplewalkfour,eightor12kilometerseachdayinMarchtoseehowitfeelswhentheyhavetowalkalongwaytogettheirdrinkingwater.Peoplegivethemmoneytodothesethings,andallthismoneyhelpsprovidecleanwatertoasmanypeopleaspossiblearoundtheworld.So,thisWorldWaterDay,whatwillyoudo?A.WeallneedtojoininsomeeventsB.WeshoulddrinklotsofwatertobehealthyC.PeoplemaygetsickfromdrinkingdirtywaterD.That'saroundaquarteroftheworld'spopulationE.Othergroupsorganizeeventslike“WalkforWater”F.ItalsofocusesonthedifficultymanypeoplehavegettingcleanwaterG.Theytrytofindsolutionstoprovidingeveryoneintheworldwithcleanwater第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。2005wasabigyearforme.AftermyfamilymovedtoNewOrleansinJune,HurricaneKatrinahitthe41inAugustIsatinmyfamily'scaronahighwayfullofotherconfusedchildrenasweall42thecitybeforethestormAfewmonthslater,wereturnedtoNewOrleansButthecitywasstill43Therewerestillthousandsofpeoplelefthomelessbecauseofthe44.Thensome45peoplelikethecoachofNewOrleansSaintsweretakingactionHegavemoneytoschoolsandcharities,helping46thecityandfeedingthosewhohad47everythingHehelpedbringbackthe48thatNewOrleansoncehadThepeoplemadeit49andcamebacktothestadiumtowatchthegameIrememberwhenLouisianaSuperdomereopened,theenergyofthecity50Irememberwhenthecoach51thefield,therewereloudcheersIrememberhow52IwaswhentheSaintsappeared.Iwastooyoungtounderstandwhatthe53hadbroughttoNewOrleans54,I'moldenoughnowtounderstandthatthecoachdidsomuchforNewOrleans.I'llalwaysbe55forthatEventhoughhehadretired,hewouldalwaysbemyidol41.A.cityB.shelterC.familyD.country42.A.exploredB.leftC.foundD.destroyed43.A.peacefulB.advancedC.brokenD.powerful44.A.warB.floodC.fireD.earthquake45.A.wiseB.braveC.injuredD.kind46.A.visitB.rebuildC.introduceD.sweep47.A.lostB.quitC.masteredD.known48.A.historyB.marketC.memoryD.energy49.A.suddenlyB.easilyC.finallyD.similarly50.A.cameoutB.camedownC.camealongD.cameback51.A.changedB.enteredC.describedD.appreciated52.A.boredB.tiredC.excitedD.confused53.A.playerB.audienceC.judgeD.coach54.A.ThusB.BesidesC.HoweverD.Otherwise55.A.thankfulB.anxiousC.sorryD.careful第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。AnewreportsuggestsCanada'sWesternHudsonBaypolarbearpopulation56(drop)27percentduringthepastfiveyears.Everyautumn,bears57(live)alongthewesternedgeoftheHudsonBaypassthroughthesub-ArctictownofChurchill,Manitoba.Theyearlymovementhashelpedmakethearea'sbearsoneofthemoststudied58(group)intheworldBearwatchingaddsabout$5.3milliontothelocaleconomyeachyear.Butareport59(recent)issuedbythegovernmentinCanada'snorthernterritory(地区)ofNunavutfoundthatjust618polarbearsremainedin60areaThisrepresenteda50percentdropinthepopulationfromthe1980s.Polarbearsdependonfrozensaltwatercalledseaice61(help)themhuntsealsforfoodButtheArcticisnowwarmingaboutfourtimes62(fast)thantherestoftheworld.AroundHudsonBay,seasonalseaiceismeltingearlierinthespringandforminglaterinthefallThisisforcingbearstogolongerperiods63foodJohnWhiteman,64ischiefresearchscientistatthenonprofitconservationgroupPolarBearsInternational,calledthepopulationdrop“totallyshocking”.Hesaid,“Scientistsfearthatifcontinuedseaicelosscannot65(stop),itwillonedayleadtoatotallossofthearea'spolarbearpopulation.”第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)假定你是李华，春节将至，你的英语老师要求同学们写一篇关于春节的英语短文，内容包括:1.你的春节计划；2.你对大家的春节祝福。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；MyPlansfortheComingSpringFestival2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。MyPlansfortheComingSpringFestival第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Emilywasastudent,whowasalwaysshyandlackedconfidence.Shestruggledtomakefriendsandbelievedthatshewasn'tgoodatanything.Thatstartedaffectingheracademicperformanceandoverallhappine