2022高考英语一轮复习Module1LifeintheFuture学案必修4

Module1LifeintheFuture一、背单词与词块(一)背阅读单词——会认就行(背诵时遮住右侧汉语，先自主翻译，后比对词义)1．brickn． 砖2．concreten. 混凝土3．urbanadj. 都市的；城市的4．landfilln. 垃圾填埋地5．onlineadv. 联机地6．cataloguen. 目录(二)背重点单词——写对才行1．outdoorsadv. 户外2．mandn．&vt. 命令；指令3．chargen. 费用；价钱4．shapevt. 造成……形状5．materialn. 材料6．solaradj. 太阳的7．arrestvt. 逮捕；拘留8．firevt. 开火；启动9．switchn. 开关vi. 交换；调换10．eventuallyadv. 最后；终于11．alternativeadj. 替换的；供选择的12．resourcen. (常作复数)资源(三)背拓展单词——用准才行1．mudn．泥→muddyadj.多泥的；泥泞的2．crimen．罪；罪行→criminaladj.犯罪的；犯法的n．罪犯3．predictv．预言；预告→predictionn.预言；预测→predictableadj.可预见的4．riskn．危险；风险v．使……冒风险→riskyadj.危险的；冒险的5．relyvi.依赖；依靠→reliableadj.可信赖的；可依靠的6．loadvi.装；装载→unloadvt.(从车、船上)卸，取下→uploadvt.上载；上传→download_vt.7．limitn.(常作复数)范围；限度；限制；限量；限额v．限制；限定→limitedadj.有限的→limitationn.限制，限度，控制8．powervt.供给动力n．控制力；影响力→powerfuladj.强大的→powerlessadj.无影响力的；无权的9．ableadj.有才智的；有才能的→abilityn．能力→disablevt.使丧失能力；使残疾→disabledadj.伤残的→disabilityn．失去能力；伤残10．attachvt.系；贴；连接→attachmentn．附件→attachedadj.附属于11．optimisticadj.乐观的；乐观主义的→optimismn．乐观主义→optimistn.乐观的人；乐天派12．definiteadj.肯定的；确定的→definitelyadv.无疑地；确定地→definitionn．定义；解释，释义[语境活用]1．Iwassurethattherearereasonstorelyonyouforyouaresaidtobereliable.(rely)2．Whetherthiswillbesuccessfulornotisstilldifficultto_predict,_soIdon'tbelievehisprediction.(predict)3．Ifeltthatweweretakingunnecessaryrisksbytakingsuchariskyexperiment.(risk)4．Ascriminals,_theyshouldmakeacleanbreastoftheircrimestothepolice.(crime)5．Speecheswere_limitedto15minuteseach,butyourremarksarewithoutlimitation.(limit)(四)背高频单词——先“记牢”再“用活”，不背绝对不行1．alternativeadj.替换的；供选择的n．可供选择的事物背词条用法(1)analternativeto……的替代品(to是介词)havenoalternativebuttodosth.别无选择只好做某事havethealternativeofdoingsth.有做某事的选择(2)“别无选择只好做某事”的其他表达形式：can'tdosth.butdosth.candonothingbutdosth.havenochoicebuttodosth.背写作佳句①Ifyoudon'tliketheideaofkeepingdoingvolunteerworkforthewholeday,here'sanalternativeplan.如果你不喜欢整天做志愿者工作，这里有一个替代计划。②Failureisthemotherofsuccess.Sometimes,inordertosucceed,wehavenoalternativebuttofacefailurebravelyandlearnfromit.失败是成功之母。有时候，为了成功，我们不得不勇敢地直面失败并从中吸取教训。2．mandn．命令；指令；掌握；指挥；控制vt.命令；指挥背词条用法(1)atone'smand听某人支配haveagoodmandof很好地掌握；精通(尤指语言)takemandof控制；担任……的指挥(2)mandsb.todosth.命令某人做某事mandthat...(should)do...命令……做……背写作佳句①(2019·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)Besides,IhavesuchagoodmandofEnglishthatIcanintroduceChineseculturetovisitorsinEnglish.另外，我英语掌握得如此好以至于我能用英语向游客介绍中国文化。②Asfortherelativejob,itismandedthatyoushouldpleteitbeforethisweekend.关于相关工作，要求你在周末之前完成。3．chargen．费用；价钱；主管；指控vt.收费；控告；充电背词条用法(1)takechargeof主管/负责……inchargeof控制/管理……(表示主动)in/underthechargeofsb.由某人负责/掌管(表示被动)freeofcharge＝forfree免费(2)chargesb.forsth.为某物向某人收取费用chargesb.with(doing)sth.＝accusesb.of(doing)sth.指控/指责某人(做)某事背写作佳句①(2020·5月天津高考)Supposeyouareinchargeofasmallsociety,whatwillyoudotohelpyourpartner?假定你负责一个小社团，你会做些什么来帮助你的伙伴？②I'lltakechargeofthewholeworknextweekwhenthedirectorisaway.＝I'llbeinchargeofthewholeworknextweekwhenthedirectorisaway.＝Thewholeworkwillbein/underthechargeofmenextweekwhenthedirectorisaway.下周主管不在时，我将负责整个工厂。(五)背短语词块——表达出彩，需多积词块才行eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)单元短语再认再现1．for_sure 肯定地2．run_out (某物)用完；不多了；没有了3．rely_on 依靠4．get_rid_of 除掉；处理掉5．look_out 小心；当心6．place_an_order/orders 订购7．free_of_charge 免费8．use_up 用完9．for_a_start 首先10．on_the_way_out 即将被淘汰；即将过时eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)重点短语拓展用活1．runout(某物)用完；不多了；没有了(不及物动词短语)背相关短语(1)runoutof用完(及物动词短语)useup用完；耗尽(及物动词短语)giveout用完；耗尽；筋疲力尽(不及物动词短语)(2)runacross偶然遇到runafter追逐；追踪runinto撞上；偶然碰见背写作佳句①(2020·天津高考)Weshouldavoidbeingthosewhorunoutofsteambeforetheyreachlife'shalfwaymark.我们应该避免做那些在到达半途之前而颓废的人。②IranacrossoneofmyoldfriendswhenIwaswalkinginthestreettheotherday.前几天我在街上走的时候碰到了一位老朋友。③Foodsuppliesintheflood­strickenareaarerunningout/givingout,sowemustacttosupplyimmediately.洪水灾区的食品供应快用完了，因此我们必须立即采取行动进行补给。2．relyon依靠；依赖；信任背相关短语(1)relyonsb./sth.doing/todosth.指望某人/某物做某事relyonitthat...相信……；指望……(2)reliableinformation可靠的信息areliablefriend一个可信赖的朋友背写作佳句①Youcanrelyonmetokeepyoursecret.你可以相信我会为你保守秘密。②Myfriendisareliableperson,andyoucanrelyonitthathewillgiveyouahand.我的朋友是个可靠的人，你可以相信他会帮助你的。③Wemayrelyonitthathisfamilywillpaybackallthedebtsinoneyear.我们可以相信一年内他家里会还清所有的债务。二、背佳句与佳作(一)背写作佳句——多“输入”才能巧“输出”eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)教材内句式举一反三1．I'mtoobusyenjoyingmylifenowtoworryaboutthefuture！(too...to...结构)我现在忙于享受生活而无暇为未来担忧！佳句①ThefirsttimeIlearnttoridebicycle,Ifounditseemedtooheavyanddifficulttocontrol.我第一次学骑自行车的时候，我发现自行车似乎太重了，并且很难控制。佳句②Asthesayinggoes,wearenevertoooldtostudy,soneversaydie！俗话说，我们活到老，学到老，所以永不言败！2．Notallpredictionsetrue.(部分否定句型)并非所有的预言都会成为现实。佳句①Whileonlineshoppinghaschangedourlife,notallofitseffectshavebeenpositive.虽然网上购物改变了我们的生活，但并不是所有的影响都是积极的。佳句②Tobehonest,alltheseniorstudentsdon'tlikeEnglish,butdon'tforgetitisatooltodevelopyourself.说实话，并不是所有的高年级学生都喜欢英语，但别忘了它是一个来发展你自己的工具。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)同主题佳句熟读成诵1．Thebestwaytopredictthefutureistocreateit.预测未来最好的方式是创造未来。2．Inthefuture,wewillbeusingadvancedtechnologyeverydayforautomaticcontrolofjustabouteverythinginourhome.在未来，我们每天都会使用先进技术对家中几乎所有东西进行自动化控制。3．Well,nowthere'sasystemwherethewasteisdisposedofusingtheprinciplesofecology.现在，这里有一种装置，能利用生态学原理来处理掉废弃物。(二)背满分作文——好习作就靠“仿效”和“背诵”本辑学点——道歉信(二)[题目要求]假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Mark希望向你了解国画的相关知识，因你临时有事，需要推迟见面时间。请给Mark写一封邮件，说明情况，要点包括：1．表示歉意并说明原因；2．重约见面和讨论的时间；3．推荐其先参观国画展览。注意：1.词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。[背范文]DearMark，Ihatetosaysorry,butthereisachangeinmyschoolarrangements.SoI'mafraidIwon'tbeabletokeepmyappointmenttodiscussChinesepaintingswithyou.Isincerelyapologizetoyouforanyinconveniencecausedbytheunexpectedchange.Isuggestweputitoffuntil3pmnextThursday.Willthatbefinebyyou?GoodnewsisthatanexhibitionofChinesepaintingsistobeheldthisweekend.Worksbysomenationwidefamouspainterswillbeexhibited.AvisitwilldefinitelydeepenyourunderstandingofChinesepaintings.Pleaseallowmetosaysorryagain.Lookingforwardtoyourreply.Yours，LiHua[学亮点]1．学高级表达(1)使用高级词汇和语块，如：keepone'sappointment,sincerelyapologizeto,unexpectedchange,putoff,deepen等。(2)熟练使用高级句式，如：过去分词短语作定语causedbytheunexpectedchange；suggest后接虚拟语气weputitoffuntil3pmnextThursday；表语从句thatanexhibitionofChinesepaintings...等。这些表达增强了文章的表达效果，是加分的亮点所在。2．学精彩结尾结尾先用祈使句Pleaseallowmetosaysorryagain.再次表达歉意，充满了诚意。最后用Lookingforwardtoyourreply.表达了对回复的期待。3．防微点失分考生容易把“Isincerelyapologizetoyou”错误地表达为“Isincerelyapologizeyou”，或把anyinconvenience误写成anyinconveniences，从而导致失分。学案(一)重点单词的查漏补缺——打牢必备知识[全面练——练清易错微点]Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Waterisanessentiallynon­renewableresource(资源),soweshouldvalueit.2．Thegovernmenthelpedwithmaterials(物质，材料)andmoneywhenthedisasteroccurredlastyear.3.Nowthattheweatheriswarmer,whydon'tyouinviteyourpartnertogooutdoors(户外，室外)．4．Attheendofthespeech,theprofessorsaid:“Pleasedonothesitatetoregisteronline(在线地)immediately.”5.WeallagreethattheGreatWallisaplacetowhichpeopletravelforrecreation(娱乐)andeducation.6.Duringthe1960s,scientistswereoptimistic(乐观的)thatmalariacouldbewipedout,andinfact,greatprogresswasmade.Ⅱ.根据语境写出加黑部分的汉语意思1．Dostillrememberthattimewhenwehadtopickourwayalongthemuddytrack？泥泞的2．Ifwewanttosurviveasaspecies,wehavetoexpandintothesolarsystemandlikelybeyond.太阳的3．Theyaretryingtomakeanewmedicinetoarrestthespreadofthedisease.阻止；中止4．DoyouknowLindawasfiredforhercasualattitudetowardsthejob？解雇5．Forsomereason,whencertainshowsswitchedintoamercial,aloudnoisewouldsoundforafewseconds.转变6．(熟词生义)(2020·浙江高考)Weyelledatthebear,hitpotshard,andfiredblankshotgunshellsintotheair.发射7．(熟词生义)(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)Thetechnology,Stranosaid,couldonedaybeusedtolighttheroomsoreventoturntreesintoself­poweredstreetlamps.自动供电8．(熟词生义)(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Thenoiseshakesthetreesasthemalebeatshischestandchargestowardme.突然猛冲Ⅲ.单句语法填空1．Plasticsurgerydefinitely(definite)doesharmtoindividualsmainlybecausethepatientswillhavetotakerisksofdamagingtheirhealth.2．Thelittleboytriedtosavehissisterfromtheriverattheriskofhisownlife,whichisquiterisky.(risk)3．Thesecrimesweremittedlargelybyprofessionalcriminalswholivedbycrime.(crime)4．Manyparentsfeelsometeachersinthiskindergartenarereliableandtheycanrelyonthemtolookaftertheirchildren.(rely)5．Itisbadmannerstolaughatdisabledpeople.Mostofusmayendupindisabilityoneday.(disable)6．Iamtaughttomakeunlimitedefforttofulfillmytaskalthoughtheresourcesarelimited.(limit)7．Chinawillnotattachitselftoanybigpoweralthoughitisnotthatpowerful.(power)8．ThescientistsinAmericapredictthatthepreviouspredictionsthattheGreekscholarsmadewon'tturnintoreality.(predict)名师点拨“一站清”(1)注意outdoors的词性：outdoorsadv.在户外；n.野外；outdooradj.户外的；室外的。(2)“娱乐”种种：名词有：recreation“娱乐，消遣，游戏”；amusement“消遣，娱乐，乐趣”；entertainment“娱乐，消遣，款待”。动词有：amuse“(使)娱乐，(提供)消遣，逗笑，逗乐”；entertain“娱乐，招待，款待”。(3)optimistic“乐观的”其近义词有：hopeful“有希望的，有前途的”；positive“积极的，正的，阳性的”；promising“有希望的，有前途的”。[重点练——深化高频考点]1．alternative[明其义]adj.替换的；供选择的_n．可供选择的事物[通其用](1)单句语法填空①TheInternetalsoprovidesuswithacheapalternativetomunicating(municate)withothers.②Atleastyouhavethealternativeofmarryingorremainingabachelor.(2)补全句子③Sincethereisnothingtohelp,one_of_the_alternativesopentoyouistoresign.既然无能为力，你辞职也是个办法。④Thegrowthofalternative_mental_interestsisalongprocess.培养第二精神爱好是个漫长的过程。[解其困]alternative可作形容词，也可作名词。同学们在做语法填空题的时候，一定要分清词性哦。2．mand[明其义]n．命令；指令；掌握；指挥；控制_vt.命令；指挥[通其用](1)单句语法填空①I'matyourmand—whatwouldyoulikemetodo?②Ifyoudonotserveothers,youcannottakemandofthem.(2)句型转换/补全句子③Thepolicemandedthewitnesstodescribewhathadhappenedthedaybefore.→Thepolicemandedthatthewitness(should)_describe_what_had_happenedthedaybefore.④Wecontendedthateverycollegestudentmusthaveamandofaforeignlanguage.我们坚持认为每位大学生必须掌握一门外语。[解其困]mand后面跟从句时，从句谓语动词用虚拟语气“(should＋)动词原形”，以下动词具有相同的用法：一坚持：insist；二命令：order,mand；三建议：suggest,advise,remend；四要求：demand,request,require,desire；再加一个敦促：urge。3．charge[明其义]n．费用；价钱；主管；指控vt.收费；控告；充电[通其用](1)单句语法填空①—Iwonderhowmuchyouchargeforyourservices.—Thefirsttwoarefreewhilethethirdcosts＄30.②Themanwhowasinchargeoftheshopwaschargedwithsellingfakes.(2)一句多译老实说，我不确定明年谁将负责这个委员会。③Tobehonest,Iamnotsurewhowill_take_charge_of_themitteenextyear.④Tobehonest,Iamnotsurewhowillbe_in_charge_ofthemitteenextyear.⑤Tobehonest,Iamnotsurewhothemitteewill_be_under_the_charge_of_nextyear.[解其困]beinchargeof与beunderthechargeof的主语和宾语是不一样的哦！学案(二)词块、句式的活学活用——强化关键能力[词块的验收盘点]Ⅰ.词块点点练——选词填空useup，forsure，attachedto，relyon/upon，getridof，runoutof，placeanorder，forastart，freeofcharge，onthewayout1.Sometimes,theentranceticketsareavailablefree_of_chargefromtheuniversity.2．Jackistherightpersonyoucanrely_on/upontocarryontheresearchwhenyouareonvacationforthenexttwoweeks.3．Itisstillimpossibleforhimtoget_rid_ofthestrangesmellonsuchafoggymorning.4.Iamafraidthatwewilluse_upnaturalresources，leavingnothingtotheyoungergenerationssomeday.5.Withscienceandtechnologydevelopingsofast,thiskindofsmartphoneison_the_way_out.6.Onethingisfor_sure,_Johnsonwon'tgiveuphisdreamnomatterhowdifficultitisonthewaytosuccess.7．Theoldmanworeaneyeglassattached_toapieceofribbon,whichappearedwonderful.8．Youneednotworryaboutrunning_out_ofmoney—Iwillalwaysseeyouright.9．Heremarkedabruptly,“ifIplace_an_ordernow,whenwouldyoubeabletoshipit？”10．Iwaslategettingoffworkfor_a_start,_andthenImissedthebus.名师点拨“一站清”(1)由freeof可联想到短语freefrom,它们都可表示“没有……的”或“免于……的”。(2)useup为及物动词，相当于runout；runout为不及物短语。(3)注意关于way的短语：ontheway“在去……的路上”；intheway“挡路”；bytheway“顺便说”。(4)掌握“forsure”的用法后，同学们还要注意其他关于sure的用法：makesure强调动作；besure强调状态。二者后面都可以跟“todo/of/about...”。Ⅱ.易错对对碰——辨析比较1．inchargeofVSinthechargeof比较①Thehousehasbeenin_the_charge_ofMrBellformorethanayear.②Thechiefengineerisamanofwisdom,whoisin_charge_ofdirectingthebuildingofthesubway.辨清(1)inchargeof多以人作主语，指“某人负责/主管某事”。(2)inthechargeof多以物作主语，指“某物由某人掌管”。类似的还有：inpossessionof,inthepossessionof;incontrolof,inthecontrolof。2．runoutVSrunoutof比较①Wehavealreadyrun_out_ofmoneyandIdon'tknowwhattodonext.②Inthefuture,caringfortheenvironmentwillbeeveryimportantasearth'snaturalresourcesrun_out.辨清两个词组同样是表示“用光，耗尽”，但用法不同：(1)runout是不及物动词短语，不可用于被动语态，其主语一般是物。(2)runoutof为及物动词短语，多用于完成时态或进行时态，其主语一般是人。Ⅲ.多义比比看——一词多义(写出下列各句中attachto的含义)①HeisaskedtocreateaPDFversiontoattachtoyoure­mailcoverletters.附加到……②Astimegoesby,IamgettingmoreandmoreattachedtotheschoolIamstudyingin.喜爱，依恋③IhavebeeninformedthatIwillbeattachedtothisdepartmentuntiltheendoftheyear.为……工作[句式的验收盘点](一)too...to...结构[通其用]补全句子①Heissaidtobetoo_young_to_be_sent_abroad_foradvancedstudy.人们都说他太年轻，不能被送到外国深造。②(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)Shehadsplitupwithherhusbandtheweekbefore,waslivinginaflatbyherself,andsinceshe'dfoundittoo_much_to_cope_with,_she'dtakenitoutonotherpeople.她和丈夫在一周前分手了，现在独自住在一个公寓里，因为她觉得一切实在难以应付，她就拿其他人撒气。③(2020·5月天津高考)Carryingadequatebatteries,however,wouldmaketheplanetoo_heavy_to_get_offtheground.然而，携带足够的电池会使飞机太重而无法起飞。④Wecannot_emphasize_too_much_theimportanceoflearningEnglish.我们再怎样强调学英文的重要性也不为过。[解其困]too...to...句式的结构形式为“too＋形容词或副词＋to＋动词原形”，通常翻译为“太……而不能……”。但是，在以下几种情况中，该结构可表示肯定意义：(1)某些形容词与“too...to...”结构连用时，too(＝very)表示肯定的意义。这些形容词多为表达人的态度、情感倾向的词，如glad,pleased,surprised,delighted,happy,willing,ready,eager,anxious等。(2)can't/canneverbetoo＋adj....＝can'tneverbe＋adj.＋enough...“再……也不过分”。如：Oneisnevertoooldtolearn.人绝对不会因为年纪太大而不能学习。/活到老，学到老。(3)“only/buttoo＋adj.＋todosth.”结构，表示肯定意义。如：Heisonlytoopleasedtoreceiveherinvitation.他非常高兴收到她的请柬。(二)部分否定[通其用]1．补全句子①Thetruthisthatnoteveryoneisattachinggreatimportancetotimemanagement.事实是并不是每个人都把合理安排时间看得重要。②Iagreewithmostofwhatyousaid,butIdon't_agree_with_everything.我同意你说的大部分内容，但是我并非同意你讲的一切。2．句型转换③It'simpossibleforalltheapplicantstogetthejobs,becauseallofthemaren'tfitforthejobs.→It'simpossibleforalltheapplicantstogetthejobs,becausenot_all_of_them_are_fit_for_the_jobs.[解其困](1)英语中的all,both,every,everybody,everything,pletely,always,whole,entirely等具有总括意义的代词、形容词、副词与否定词not连用，无论not位置如何，均构成部分否定，表示“不是都；并非都”。(2)英语中的no,none,never,nobody,nothing,neither,noone,nowhere等表达否定意义的词(组)与肯定式谓语一起使用构成“全部否定”。学案(三)高考语篇的价值发掘——提升学科素养2017全国卷Ⅱ·阅读理解C篇——对接课标主题：社会进步与人类文明(一)精读真题——拓展语言能力(语篇中黑体词汇为主题词汇，请注意积累并揣摩其用法)[1]TerrafugiaInc.saidMondaythatitsnewflyingcarhaspleteditsfirstflight,bringingthepanyclosertoitsgoalofsellingtheflyingcarwithinthenextyear.Thevehicle—namedtheTransition—hastwoseats,fourwheelsandwingsthatfoldupsoitcanbedrivenlikeacar.TheTransition,whichflewat1,400feetforeightminuteslastmonth,canreacharound70milesperhourontheroadand115intheair.Itfliesusinga23­gallontankofgasandburns5gallonsperhourintheair.Ontheground,itgets35milespergallon.[2]Around100peoplehavealreadyputdown②a$10,000deposit③togetaTransitionwhentheygoonsale,andthosenumberswilllikelyriseafterTerrafugiaintroducestheTransitiontothepubliclaterthisweekattheNewYorkAutoShow.Butdon'texpectittoshowupintoomanydriveways.It'sexpectedtocost$279,000.Anditwon'thelpifyou'restuckintraffic.Thecarneedsarunway.[3]Inventorshavebeentryingtomakeflyingcarssincethe1930s,accordingtoRobertMann,anairlineindustryexpert.ButMannthinksTerrafugiahasecloserthananyonetomakingtheflyingcarareality.Thegovernmenthasalreadypermittedthepanytousespecialmaterialstomakeiteasierforthevehicletofly.TheTransitionisnowgoingthroughcrashteststomakesureitmeetsfederalsafetystandards.[4]MannsaidTerrafugiawashelpedbytheFederalAviationAdministration'sdecisionfiveyearsagotocreateaseparatesetofstandardsforlightsportaircraft,whicharelowerthanthoseforpilotsoflargerplanes.eq\o(Terrafugiasaysanownerwould,\s\do4(1))needtopassatestandplete20hoursofflyingtimetobeabletoflytheTransition,arequirementpilotswouldfindrelativelyeasytomeet.［析微点·厚积语言基础］①微技法——根据首尾句和段落的高频词汇确定段落大意第28题可以根据第一段的首句和段中出现的高频词汇确定段落大意。②微积累——熟词生义：putdown写下，放下，镇压(熟义)下定金，付部分费用(生义)③微积累——“deposit”存款知多少depositn．存款；押金；订金depositinsurance存款保险depositaccount存款账户；邮储存款bankdeposit银行存款timedeposit定期存款通句式——句子(1)中says后为省略了引导词that的宾语从句，“arequirement”作“topassatest...flyingtime”的同位语，“pilotswouldfindrelativelyeasytomeet”为省略了关系代词that/which的定语从句。[理脉络——内化读文规律](二)解析真题——感悟素养立意[考什么·怎么考——真题再做]28．Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A．ThebasicdataoftheTransition.B．Theadvantagesofflyingcars.C．Thepotentialmarketforflyingcars.D．ThedesignersoftheTransition.解析：选A段落大意题。第一段的第二句“Thevehicle...likeacar.”介绍了飞行汽车Transition的构造，第一段的后半部分介绍了它的空中飞行速度、陆地行驶速度和油耗情况，这些都是飞行汽车的基本数据。故选A项。29．WhyistheTransitionunlikelytoshowupintoomanydriveways?A．Itcausestrafficjams. B．Itisdifficulttooperate.C．Itisveryexpensive. D．Itburnstoomuchfuel.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Butdon'texpectittoshowupintoomanydriveways.It'sexpectedtocost$279,000.”可知，这种飞行汽车的价格是非常昂贵的，所以不太可能大量出现在路上。故选C项。30．Whatisthegovernment'sattitudetothedevelopmentoftheflyingcar?A．Cautious. B．Favorable.C．Ambiguous. D．Disapproving.解析：选B观点态度题。根据第三段中的“Thegovernmenthasalreadypermittedthepanytousespecialmaterialstomakeiteasierforthevehicletofly.”可推知，政府对该项目是支持的。故选B项。31．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．FlyingCaratAutoShowB．TheTransition'sFirstFlightC．Pilots'DreamingTrueD．FlyingCarClosertoReality解析：选D标题归纳题。根据第一段第一句以及下文对这种汽车的现状和前景的详细描述可知，Terrafugia公司的飞行汽车成功进行了第一次飞行，从而使飞行汽车更加接近现实。所以选D项。[为什么考·有何价值——导向解读]一、发展思维品质第31题主要考查学生的概括性思维。阅读全文内容，可知本文是一则新闻报道，介绍了一种新型的飞行汽车。新闻报道的主题句通常是第一句话，本文的第一句中提到了“flyingcar”和“closertoitsgoalofsellingtheflyingcarwithinthenextyear”，由此可知，飞行汽车快要变成现实了，故选D项。A项以偏概全，该选项中虽然有flyingcar，但它出现在汽车展览会上是以后的事，并不是文章重点；B项以偏概全，这款飞行汽车在上个月的飞行只是在第一段提到，并不能概括全文；C项张冠李戴，最后一段虽然提到了飞行员，但开飞行汽车不是他们的梦想。二、聚焦核心价值本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了一款Terrafugia公司研制的飞行汽车——theTransition，这款飞行汽车成功进行了第一次飞行，使飞行汽车成为现实更进一步，旨在使考生了解现代的交通科技发展前沿信息，开阔考生的视野和思维。本文旨在激发学生为新时代交通发展贡献力量，为建设交通强国而不懈奋斗。(三)借力真题——发掘学习能力Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Theywereonaplaneflying(fly)fromLondontoNewYork.2．Weadmittedhaving_driven(drive)thecarwithoutinsurance.3．Thematerials(material)youneedareavailablefromanygooddo­it­yourselfstore.4．Atruckwentoutofcontrolandcrashedintothebackofabus.5．Oneoftheboyswaspushingtheotheralonginalittleboxonwheels(wheel)．Ⅱ.补全句子1．Thejournalistssimplyput_down(记下)whattheythoughttheyheard.2．Peoplemaynotunderstandorappreciatewhatwearegoing_through(经历)．3．Thecarwas_stuck_in(被困在)themudandcouldn'tmove.Ⅲ.分析长难句MannsaidTerrafugiawashelpedbytheFederalAviationAdministration'sdecisionfiveyearsagotocreateaseparatesetofstandardsforlightsportaircraft,whicharelowerthanthoseforpilotsoflargerplanes.[句式解构]本句是含有一个宾语从句和一个非限制性定语从句的主从复合句。主句的主语是Mann，谓语动词是said。said后是宾语从句，省略了引导词that；动词不定式短语“tocreateaseparatesetofstandards...”在句中作目的状语；which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词standards。[句意翻译]Mann说Terrafugia公司得益于联邦航空管理局五年前为轻型运动飞行器单独创造一套标准的决定，这些标准比较大的飞机的飞行员的标准低。Ⅳ.主题语境写作你校要举行一次英语演讲比赛，话题是“畅想未来生活，享受人生快乐”。假设你已经报名，请用英语写一篇演讲稿，准备参加比赛。你可以从科技发展给未来生活、学习和工作带来的影响以及如何准备迎接挑战、适应新生活等方面展开描述和讨论。注意：1.词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。LifeintheFuture参考范文：LifeintheFutureGoodmorning,everyone!I'mgladtobeabletogiveatalkaboutthefuturelifehere.Ithinktherewillbemorebenefitsthanproblemslivinginthefuture.Ifthereisdirtyairwewillsolvethatbyplacingacoveroverourhometown.Inthiswaywecankeepoutallthedustanddirt.Ifitistoohot,peoplewillbeprovidedwithsuitsfittedwithcoolingsystems.Inthatwaytheywillkeepcoolallthetime.Asfortheproblemoftheenergyrunningoutthatwefacetoday,itwillbesolvedbyusingtheenergyfromthesuntorunalltheelectricalplantsaswellascars.Luckily,itwillbeendlesscleanenergy！SoIthinkthatlifeinthefuturewillbemuchbetterthanitisnow.That'sall,thankyou!课下主题训练社会进步与人类文明Ⅰ.阅读理解AAgroupofresearchersattheLawrenceLivermoreNationalLaboratoryarecurrentlyengagedinan18­monthstudyincooperationwithAutodeskResearch,a3­Ddesignsoftwarepany,todesignthehelmetofthefuture.Thegroupisinvestigatingwhether3­Dprintedmicrostructureswithinhelmetdesigncanabsorbmoreofthemomentum(冲力)ofacollisionthancurrenthelmettechnology.Usually,designersstartwithaconceptorsomegeneralideaofwhataproductwilllooklike.Thatisn'tthecasefortheresearchersatLawrenceLivermore.Instead,theyareusingAutodesk'sProjectDreamcatchersoftware,whichallowsdesignerstoinputspecificdesignobjectives,includingfunctionalrequirements,materialtypeandsoon,toserveupadesignbasedonwhattheresearchersneedittoacplish.“Insomewaysthisisapletelynewwayofthinkingaboutdesign，”technicalresearcherEricDuosssaid.Theideainvolvestakingthesameelementsthatmakeupstrong,flexiblestructuresandmakingthemsmaller.ImaginetheEiffelTower'slattice(格子架)design,butverysmall.Thelabiscurrentlytestingavarietyofmaterialstobuilditshelmetconstructedofnano­sizedlattice.Oneofthemorepromisingelementsis3­Dprintedsilicon(硅),whichcouldbeusedtoreplacethecurrentfoampadsthatmosthelmetsforsportsuse.Internalanalysishasshownthesesiliconpadscouldabsorb50%moreenergythanasolidpieceoffoam.Itwaspreviouslyimpossibletoconstructtheseformations,butanincreasein3­Dprinterresolutionhasstartedthedesigninnovation.The3­Dprintedmicroarchitecturetechnologyismostlybeingresearchedattheuniversitylevel.ThescientistsatLawrenceLivermorearepatentingvariousdiscoveriesmadealongtheway.Thelabisalsoconsideringthissametechnologyforotherapplications,likebicyclehelmets.“Beyondhelmets,therearealotofopportunitiesfor3­Dprintedmicrostructuraldesigninautomotiveengineeringandaerospace，”Duosssaid.Airplanescouldbemademorelightweight,forexample.It'slikelythesehelmetsarestillafewyearsoff,buttheorganizationsaiditexpectstoseeitsmicro­latticeworksbeemoremonindesignatlargeinthenearfuture.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。研究者发现3­D打印的微体系结构的头盔对头部的保护作用更大，因为它有效地吸收了撞击力。1．Whatdotheresearchersaimtodo?A．Designabetter3­Dprinter.B．Setupasoftwarepany.C．Studythemomentumofacollisioninsports.D．Testtheperformanceofanewtypeofhelmet.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知，这组研究人员在调查3­D打印的微体系结构的头盔是否能够吸收更多的冲力，即测试这种新型头盔的性能。2．WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?A．Theresearchers'sourceofinspiration.B．Thestructureoftheresearchers'product.C．Theresearchers'creativedesignconcept.D．Thegeneraldescriptionoftheresearchers'product.解析：选C段落大意题。根据第二段内容可知，本段主要说明了研究人员采用了一种新的设计思路来设计头盔，即目标驱动的设计理念，故选C。3．Whyare3­Dprintedsiliconpadsusedtoreplacethefoamones?A．Theyaremuchsmallerinsize.B．Theycanbeeasilyconstructed.C．Theyarewidelyusedinsportshelmets.D．Theycanabsorbmorecollisionmomentum.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第三段中的“3­Dprintedsilicon(硅)...thesesiliconpadscouldabsorb50%moreenergythanasolidpieceoffoam”可知，3­D打印的硅垫较现在的固体泡沫垫能多吸收50%的能量，故选D。4．Whatcanbeinferredaboutthemicroarchitecturetechnologyfromthelastparagraph?A．Ithasgainedlotsofpatents.B．Itwillproveitsvalueinvariousfields.C．Itwillchangethearchitecturaldesignbusiness.D．Itcanbringmoreprofitstohelmetmanufacturers.解析：选B推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句及“thissametechnologyforotherapplications...engineeringandaerospace...”可知，这项技术将会被应用在多个领域。BAnewtrainingcourseinBaliishopingtochangethewaywethinkaboutconstruction.Bamboo,thefast­growinggrassplantmontoAfrica,AsiaandLatinAmerica,hasbeenusedforthousandsofyearstobuildhouses,bridges,etc.Architectshavecalledit“greensteel”．Yet,regardlessofitsexcellentcharacteristics—bambooisflexibleandhasthestrengthofsteel—thisplantremainssomethingofaforgottensolutionintheconstructionworld.Partoftheproblemisbamboo'sassociationwithcheap,low­qualityhousing:a“poorman'shouse”．Oneorganizationisfightingtochangethisidea.Foundedin2015inBali,ResearchbyINBARshowsthatinrecentyears,concernsabouttheunsustainability(不可持续性)ofbuildingmaterials,includingagrowingshortageofkeymaterialssuchassand,haveinspiredafreshlookat“natural”construction.Anditalsoshowsbamboocanprovidealow­carbon,renewablealternativetowood,steelandcement：theplantstoresmorecarbonthancertainspeciesoftree,andcanbeusedtocreateeverythinglikepipes.Since2015,BambooUhasweledmorethan400peoplethroughitsdoors.ItsstudentshavegoneontoteachbambooconstructionworkshopsinEcuadorandthePhilippines,createarchitectureinstallations(装置，设施)inBelgiumandtheUSA,buildbambookitchens,andsetupnewbambooplantations(种植园)aroundtheworld.However,noteveryonecanbuildhishousewithbamboo.Hardysays,“BambooUismoreaboutanunderstandingoftheplaceyou'rein.Wewanttoremindpeoplethatnaturecanandshouldbeinthebuiltenvironment.”语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。由于人们认知上的偏见，竹子作为一种可再生的建筑材料没有得到重视。印度尼西亚巴厘岛上的培训课程为人们提供了旨在推广竹子作为绿色建筑材料的课程。5．Whatmadebambooaforgottensolutionintheconstructionworld?A．Thepoorqualitiesofbamboo.B．Thegreatshortageofbamboonowadays.C．Theprejudicepe