基于语篇结构分析的研究发现类说明文解题技巧 课件-高三英语一轮复习

Reading

Strategies

inExpositions

基于语篇结构分析的说明文解题技巧-ByAliceXuLearningObjectives:1.Toinspirestudentstoexploresomeusefulstrategiesforhandlingexpositoryessays.2.Tomotivatestudentstosolvesimilarproblemsusingtheabovestrategies.3.Todevelopstudents’thinkingqualitiesinpracticingreadingcomprehension.01Introduction考情介绍02Practice真题演练03Strategies解题策略04Conclusion总结CONTENTS目录VirgoPerfectionismAreyouworriedthat......?CheckyourselfCan`thelptranslatingeverywordtoChinese.Havetoreadthroughthewholepassage.butlackofvocabulary.Sospendtoomuchtime.GeminiVersatileAreyouworriedthat......?CheckyourselfHavequickmindsbutshortattentionspan.Impatientwithdetailedanalysis.Startwithenthusiambutstruggletoreaduntiltheend.Trytocovertoomanypointswithoutanalysis.AriesDynamicAreyouworriedthat......?Checkyourselfbutimpulsive.ChooseanwerstoohastyortooearlyFrustratedeasily.Giveuponchallengingpassages.Takeactionquickly,Feelallthechoicesarecorrect.Can`tseetheForestforthetrees

只见树木，不见森林BreakingtheiceHowcanwebecomeasmarterreader?01Introduction考情介绍近三年新课标I卷阅读理解说明文概况试卷名称篇目主题语境话题体裁说明对象2024年新课标Ⅰ卷C人与自我纸质阅读与数字阅读、音频和视频学习方式的差异和效果说明文社会现象D人与社会数字生物多样性记录存在偏差说明文研究发现2023年新课标Ⅰ卷C人与自我数字极简生活方式说明文新理论D人与社会“群体智慧”效应说明文研究发现2022年新课标Ⅰ卷C人与社会关爱养老院老人的养老项目说明文新做法D人与社会人类语言发展与农业的关系说明文研究发现1.WhatcanwelearnaboutXXXfromthefirstparagraph?WhatisParagraphXintentedtoshow?\Whatdoesthestudy\researchfocuson?......2.Whatdoessb.suggest?\What`ssb`sattitudetoXXX?WhatdoestheauthorimplyinXXX?3.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordXXXmean?......4.WhatcanbeconcludedaboutXXX?WhydoestheauthormentionXXX?5.Why...\Whatdoessthleadto...\Whatcanbelearntfrom...?6.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?Whatisthetext?\Whatisthepurposeofthistext?Howisthetextmainlyorganized?说明文常考题目类型考查段落大意考查态度观点考查词意猜测考查推理判断考查细节理解

考查文章主旨(包含标题\目的\组织方式)Exposition

tointroducetodescribeanobjectaresearchreport\findingasocialphenomenon●Whatisexpositoryessay?

purposeSubject(说明对象）研究发现类02Strategies解题策略Strategy1:

UseTexualStructureformainideasofthepassageandeachparagraph.

运用语篇结构明确文章主旨、段落大意Researchreport/findingResearchfinding研究发现Processofresearch研究过程Suggestions/Evaluation/Furtherstudy研究建议/意义TopicparagraphSubparagraphsProblems/methodsThepurposeSupportingevidenceoftheresearchTextualStructure语篇结构EndingparagraphsIntroductionStrategiesPracticeConclusionAnalysis原因/结果分析

①Forlotsofkids,toddlerhood（幼儿期）isanimportanttimeforfriendship.Studiesshowthattheearlierkidslearntoformpositiverelationships,thebettertheyareatrelatingtoothersasteenagersandadults.Playingtogetheralsohelpsthesekidspracticesocialbehaviors,suchaskindness,sharing,andcooperation.

②Evenso,howquicklyyourchilddevelopsintoasocialcreaturemayalsodependonhistemperament（性格）.Sometoddlersareverysocial,butothersareshy.Inaddition,thewaythattoddlersdemonstratethattheylikeotherchildrenismarkedlydifferentfromwhatadultsthinkofasexpressionsoffriendship.ResearchatOhioStateUniversityinColumbusfoundthatatoddler'swayofsaying“Ilikeyou”duringplayislikelytocomeintheformofcopyingafriend'sbehavior.

③Thisseeminglyunusualwayofdemonstratingfondnesscanresultinunpleasantbehavior.Regardlessofhowmuchtheylikeaplaymate,theymaystillgrabhistoys,refusetoshare,andgetbossy.Butexpertssaythatthisisanormalandnecessarypartoffriendshipforkidsthisage.Throughplayexperiences,toddlerslearnsocialrules.That‘swhyit’ssoimportanttotakeanactiveroleinyourtoddler‘ssocialencountersbysettinglimitsandofferingfrequentremindersofwhattheyare.Whenyouestablishtheseguidelines,explainthereasonsbehindthem.

④Beginbyhelpingyourchildlearnsympathy（“Beniscrying.What'smakinghimsosad?”）,thensuggesthowhecouldresolvetheproblem（“Maybehewouldfeelbetterifyoulethimplaytheball.”）.Whenyourchildsharesorshowsempathy（同理心）towardafriend,praisehim（“Benstoppedcrying!Youmadehimfeelbetter.”）.

⑤Anotherwaytoencouragehealthysocialinteractionisbyencouragingkidstousewords-notfists-toexpresshowtheyfeel.It'salsoimportanttobemindfulofhowyourchild'spersonalityaffectsplaytime.Kidsareeasytogetangrywhenthey'resleepyorhungry,soscheduleplaytimewhenthey'rerefreshed.2024年1月九省联考阅读理解D篇S1：运用语篇结构明确文章主旨、段落大意Tip1:Howtofindthetopicsentenceofeachparagraph?ReadthefirstandlastsentenceofeachparagraphWatchfortheTransistionsLookforKeyswordsandPhrasesCheckforRepetition(e.g.but/however/though/although/furthernmore/inaddition/therefore...)(e.g.theprimaryreason,oneofthekeyfactors,animportantfactors，asignificantresult.)80%15%～5%①Forlotsofkids,toddlerhood（幼儿期）isanimportanttimeforfriendship.Studiesshowthattheearlierkidslearntoformpositiverelationships,thebettertheyareatrelatingtoothersasteenagersandadults.Playingtogetheralsohelpsthesekidspracticesocialbehaviors,suchaskindness,sharing,andcooperation.②Evenso,howquicklyyourchilddevelopsintoasocialcreaturemayalsodependonhistemperament（性格）.Sometoddlersareverysocial,butothersareshy.Inaddition,thewaythattoddlersdemonstratethattheylikeotherchildrenismarkedlydifferentfromwhatadultsthinkofasexpressionsoffriendship.ResearchatOhioState

UniversityinColumbusfoundthatatoddler'swayofsaying“Ilikeyou”duringplayislikelytocomeintheformofcopyingafriend'sbehavior.③Thisseeminglyunusualwayofdemonstratingfondnesscanresultinunpleasantbehavior.

Regardlessofhowmuchtheylikeaplaymate,theymaystillgrabhistoys,refusetoshare,andgetbossy.Butexpertssaythatthisisanormalandnecessarypartoffriendshipforkidsthisage.Throughplayexperiences,toddlerslearnsocialrules.That‘swhyit’ssoimportanttotakeanactiveroleinyourtoddler‘ssocialencountersbysettinglimitsandofferingfrequentremindersofwhattheyare.Whenyouestablishtheseguidelines,explainthereasonsbehindthem.④Beginbyhelpingyourchildlearnsympathy（“Beniscrying.What'smakinghimsosad?”）,thensuggesthowhecouldresolvetheproblem（“Maybehewouldfeelbetterifyoulethimplaytheball.”）.Whenyourchildsharesorshowsempathy（同理心）towardafriend,praisehim（“Benstoppedcrying!Youmadehimfeelbetter.”）.⑤Anotherwaytoencouragehealthysocialinteractionisbyencouragingkidstousewords-notfists-toexpresshowtheyfeel.It'salsoimportanttobemindfulofhowyourchild'spersonalityaffectsplaytime.Kidsareeasytogetangrywhenthey'resleepyorhungry,soscheduleplaytimewhenthey'rerefreshed.2024年1月九省联考阅读理解D篇ThematicContext:HumenandSociety

(主题语境：人与社会)Mainidea:Toddlerisanimportanttimetoformpositiverelationshipsandsocialbehaviors(主旨:幼儿时期是形成友谊和社交技能的重要时期)S1：运用语篇结构明确文章主旨、段落大意①Forlotsofkids,toddlerhood（幼儿期）isanimportanttimefor

friendship.Studiesshowthattheearlierkidslearntoformpositiverelationships,thebettertheyareatrelatingtoothersasteenagersandadults.Playingtogetheralsohelpsthesekidspracticesocialbehaviors,suchaskindness,sharing,andcooperation.②Evenso,howquicklyyourchilddevelopsintoasocialcreaturemayalsodependonhistemperament（性格）.Sometoddlersareverysocial,butothersareshy.Inaddition,thewaythattoddlersdemonstratethattheylikeotherchildrenismarkedlydifferentfromwhatadultsthinkofasexpressionsoffriendship.ResearchatOhioStateUniversityinColumbusfoundthatatoddler'swayofsaying“Ilikeyou”duringplayislikelytocomeintheformofcopyingafriend'sbehavior.③Thisseeminglyunusualwayofdemonstratingfondnesscanresultinunpleasantbehavior.

Regardlessofhowmuchtheylikeaplaymate,theymaystillgrabhistoys,refusetoshare,andgetbossy.Butexpertssaythatthisisanormalandnecessarypartoffriendshipforkidsthisage.Throughplayexperiences,toddlerslearnsocialrules.That‘swhyit’ssoimportanttotakeanactiveroleinyourtoddler‘ssocialencountersbysettinglimitsandofferingfrequentremindersofwhattheyare.Whenyouestablishtheseguidelines,explainthereasonsbehindthem.④Beginbyhelpingyourchildlearnsympathy（“Beniscrying.What'smakinghimsosad?”）,thensuggesthowhecouldresolvetheproblem（“Maybehewouldfeelbetterifyoulethimplaytheball.”）.Whenyourchildsharesorshowsempathy（同理心）towardafriend,praisehim（“Benstoppedcrying!Youmadehimfeelbetter.”）.⑤Anotherwaytoencouragehealthysocialinteractionisbyencouragingkidstousewords-notfists-toexpresshowtheyfeel.It'salsoimportanttobemindfulofhowyourchild'spersonalityaffectsplaytime.Kidsareeasytogetangrywhenthey'resleepyorhungry,soscheduleplaytimewhenthey'rerefreshed.2024年1月九省联考阅读理解D篇P2:Process--SupportingevidenceoftheresearchP1:Researchfinding--thesignificanceoffriendshipintoddlerhoodP3:Analysis--Prombles&suggestionsP4-5:ExamplesofSuggestions--LearnsympathyUsewordsScheduleproperplaytime.32.Whatdoesitindicatewhentoddlerscopytheirplaymates'behavior?33.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestparentsdofortheirkids?34.Whatisthefunction

ofthequotedstatementsinparagraph4?35.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?P1:ResearchFindingP3:AnalysisP4:SuggestionsP1:ResearchFindingS1：运用语篇结构明确文章主旨、段落大意①IntheracetodocumentthespeciesonEarthbeforetheygoextinct,researchersandcitizenscientistshavecollectedbillionsofrecords.Today,mostrecordsofbiodiversityareoftenintheformofphotos,videos,andotherdigitalrecords.Thoughtheyareusefulfordetectingshiftsinthenumberandvarietyofspeciesinanarea,anewStanfordstudyhasfoundthatthistypeofrecordisnotperfect.②

“Withtheriseoftechnologyitiseasyforpeopletomakeobservationsofdifferentspecieswiththeaidofamobileapplication,”saidBarnabasDaru,whoisleadauthorofthestudyandassistantprofessorofbiologyintheStanfordSchoolofHumanitiesandSciences.“Theseobservationsnowoutnumbertheprimarydatathatcomesfromphysicalspecimens(标本),andsinceweareincreasinglyusingobservationaldatatoinvestigatehowspeciesarerespondingtoglobalchange,Iwantedtoknow:Aretheyusable?”③Usingaglobaldatasetof1.9billionrecordsofplants,insects,birds,andanimals,Daruandhisteamtestedhowwellthesedatarepresentactualglobalbiodiversitypatterns.④“Wewereparticularlyinterestedinexploringtheaspectsofsamplingthattendtobias(使有偏差)data,likethegreaterlikelihoodofacitizenscientisttotakeapictureofafloweringplantinsteadofthegrassrightnexttoit,”saidDaru.⑤Theirstudyrevealedthatthelargenumberofobservation-onlyrecordsdidnotleadtobetterglobalcoverage.Moreover,thesedataarebiasedandfavorcertainregions,timeperiods,andspecies.Thismakessensebecausethepeoplewhogetobservationalbiodiversitydataonmobiledevicesareoftencitizenscientistsrecordingtheirencounterswithspeciesinareasnearby.Thesedataarealsobiasedtowardcertainspecieswithattractiveoreye-catchingfeatures.⑥Whatcanwedowiththeimperfectdatasetsofbiodiversity?⑦“Quitealot,”Daruexplained.“Biodiversityappscanuseourstudyresultstoinformusersofoversampledareasandleadthemtoplaces—andevenspecies—thatarenotwell-sampled.Toimprovethequalityofobservationaldata,biodiversityappscanalsoencourageuserstohaveanexpertconfirmtheidentificationoftheiruploadedimage.”2024年新高考I卷D篇S1：运用语篇结构明确文章主旨、段落大意Tip1:Howtofindthetopicsentenceofeachparagraph?ReadthefirstandlastsentenceofeachparagraphWatchfortheTransistionsLookforKeyswordsandPhrasesCheckforRepetition(e.g.but/however/though/although/furthernmore/inaddition/therefore...)(e.g.theprimaryreason,oneofthekeyfactors,animportantfactorsasihnificantresult.)80%15%～5%①IntheracetodocumentthespeciesonEarthbeforetheygoextinct,researchersandcitizenscientistshavecollectedbillionsofrecords.Today,mostrecordsofbiodiversityareoftenintheformofphotos,videos,andotherdigitalrecords.Thoughtheyareusefulfordetectingshiftsinthenumberandvarietyofspeciesinanarea,anewStanfordstudyhasfoundthatthistypeofrecordisnotperfect.②

“Withtheriseoftechnologyitiseasyforpeopletomakeobservationsofdifferentspecieswiththeaidofamobileapplication,”saidBarnabasDaru,whoisleadauthorofthestudyandassistantprofessorofbiologyintheStanfordSchoolofHumanitiesandSciences.“Theseobservationsnowoutnumbertheprimarydatathatcomesfromphysicalspecimens(标本),andsinceweareincreasinglyusingobservationaldatatoinvestigatehowspeciesarerespondingtoglobalchange,Iwantedtoknow:Aretheyusable?”③Usingaglobaldatasetof1.9billionrecordsofplants,insects,birds,andanimals,Daruandhisteamtestedhowwellthesedatarepresentactualglobalbiodiversitypatterns.④“Wewereparticularlyinterestedinexploringtheaspectsofsamplingthattendtobias(使有偏差)data,likethegreaterlikelihoodofacitizenscientisttotakeapictureofafloweringplantinsteadofthegrassrightnexttoit,”saidDaru.⑤Theirstudyrevealedthatthelargenumberofobservation-onlyrecordsdidnotleadtobetterglobalcoverage.Moreover,thesedataarebiasedandfavorcertainregions,timeperiods,andspecies.Thismakessensebecausethepeoplewhogetobservationalbiodiversitydataonmobiledevicesareoftencitizenscientistsrecordingtheirencounterswithspeciesinareasnearby.Thesedataarealsobiasedtowardcertainspecieswithattractiveoreye-catchingfeatures.⑥Whatcanwedowiththeimperfectdatasetsofbiodiversity?⑦“Quitealot,”Daruexplained.“Biodiversityappscanuseourstudyresultstoinformusersofoversampledareasandleadthemtoplaces—andevenspecies—thatarenotwell-sampled.Toimprovethequalityofobservationaldata,biodiversityappscanalsoencourageuserstohaveanexpertconfirmtheidentificationoftheiruploadedimage.”2024年新高考I卷D篇ThematicContext:HumenandSociety

(主题语境：人与社会)Mainidea:DigitalrecordsofBiodiversityarebiased(主旨:数字生物多样性记录存在偏差)S1：运用语篇结构明确文章主旨、段落大意2024年新高考I卷D篇①IntheracetodocumentthespeciesonEarthbeforetheygoextinct,researchersandcitizenscientistshavecollectedbillionsofrecords.Today,mostrecordsofbiodiversityareoftenintheformofphotos,videos,andotherdigitalrecords.Thoughtheyareusefulfordetectingshiftsinthenumberandvarietyofspeciesinanarea,anewStanfordstudyhasfoundthatthistypeofrecordisnotperfect.②

“Withtheriseoftechnologyitiseasyforpeopletomakeobservationsofdifferentspecieswiththeaidofamobileapplication,”saidBarnabasDaru,whoisleadauthorofthestudyandassistantprofessorofbiologyintheStanfordSchoolofHumanitiesandSciences.“Theseobservationsnowoutnumbertheprimarydatathatcomesfromphysicalspecimens(标本),andsinceweareincreasinglyusingobservationaldatatoinvestigatehowspeciesarerespondingtoglobalchange,Iwantedtoknow:Aretheyusable?”③Usingaglobaldatasetof1.9billionrecordsofplants,insects,birds,andanimals,Daruandhisteamtestedhowwellthesedatarepresentactualglobalbiodiversitypatterns.④“Wewereparticularlyinterestedinexploringtheaspectsofsamplingthattendtobias(使有偏差)data,likethegreaterlikelihoodofacitizenscientisttotakeapictureofafloweringplantinsteadofthegrassrightnexttoit,”saidDaru.⑤Theirstudyrevealedthatthelargenumberofobservation-onlyrecordsdidnotleadtobetterglobalcoverage.Moreover,thesedataarebiasedandfavorcertainregions,timeperiods,andspecies.Thismakessensebecausethepeoplewhogetobservationalbiodiversitydataonmobiledevicesareoftencitizenscientistsrecordingtheirencounterswithspeciesinareasnearby.Thesedataarealsobiasedtowardcertainspecieswithattractiveoreye-catchingfeatures.⑥Whatcanwedowiththeimperfectdatasetsofbiodiversity?⑦“Quitealot,”Daruexplained.“Biodiversityappscanuseourstudyresultstoinformusersofoversampledareasandleadthemtoplaces—andevenspecies—thatarenotwell-sampled.Toimprovethequalityofobservationaldata,biodiversityappscanalsoencourageuserstohaveanexpertconfirmtheidentificationoftheiruploadedimage.”P1:NewFindingP2-4：Process：（P2-Purpose

P3-MethodsP4-Results）P5：AnalysisP6-7:Suggestions32.Whatdoweknowabouttherecordsofspeciescollectednow?33.WhatdoesDaru’sstudyfocuson?34.Whathasledtothebiasesaccordingtothestudy?35.WhatisDaru’ssuggestionforbiodiversityapps?P1:NewFindingP2:PurposeP4-5:ResultAnalysisP7:SuggestionsS1：运用语篇结构明确文章主旨、段落大意

①Forlotsofkids,toddlerhood（幼儿期）isanimportanttimeforfriendship.Studiesshowthattheearlierkidslearntoformpositiverelationships,thebettertheyareatrelatingtoothersasteenagersandadults.Playingtogetheralsohelpsthesekidspracticesocialbehaviors,suchaskindness,sharing,andcooperation.

②Evenso,howquicklyyourchilddevelopsintoasocialcreaturemayalsodependonhistemperament（性格）.Sometoddlersareverysocial,butothersareshy.Inaddition,thewaythattoddlersdemonstratethattheylikeotherchildrenismarkedlydifferentfromwhatadultsthinkofasexpressionsoffriendship.ResearchatOhioStateUniversityinColumbusfoundthatatoddler'swayofsaying“Ilikeyou”duringplayislikelytocomeintheformofcopyingafriend'sbehavior.③Thisseeminglyunusualwayofdemonstratingfondnesscanresultinunpleasantbehavior.Regardlessofhowmuchtheylikeaplaymate,theymaystillgrabhistoys,refusetoshare,andgetbossy.Butexpertssaythatthisisanormalandnecessarypartoffriendshipforkidsthisage.Through……Whenyouestablishtheseguidelines,explainthereasonsbehindthem.④Beginbyhelpingyourchildlearnsympathy（“Beniscrying.What'smakinghimsosad?”）,thensuggesthowhecouldresolvetheproblem（“Maybehewouldfeelbetterifyoulethimplaytheball.”）.Whenyourchildsharesorshowsempathy（同理心）towardafriend,praisehim（“Benstoppedcrying!Youmadehimfeelbetter.”）.⑤Anotherwaytoencouragehealthysocialinteractionisbyencouragingkidstousewords-notfists-toexpresshowtheyfeel.It'salsoimportanttobemindfulofhowyourchild'spersonalityaffectsplaytime.Kidsareeasytogetangrywhenthey'resleepyorhungry,soscheduleplaytimewhenthey'rerefreshed.35.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?HowChildrenAdapttoChangesB.HowtoBeaRoleModelforChildrenC.HowYourBabyLearnstoLoveD.HowtoCommunicatewithYourKidTip2:研究发现类文章如下的句式是文章主旨的关键词：Researchershavefoundthat...accordingtoastudy...Arecentresearchshowsthat....Studiesshowthat...2024年1月九省联考阅读理解D篇主旨大意题IntroductionStrategiesPracticeConclusion

①Forlotsofkids,toddlerhood（幼儿期）isanimportanttimeforfriendship.Studiesshowthattheearlierkidslearntoformpositiverelationships,thebettertheyareatrelatingtoothersasteenagersandadults.Playingtogetheralsohelpsthesekidspracticesocialbehaviors,suchaskindness,sharing,andcooperation.

②Evenso,howquicklyyourchilddevelopsintoasocialcreaturemayalsodependonhistemperament（性格）.Sometoddlersareverysocial,butothersareshy.Inaddition,thewaythattoddlersdemonstratethattheylikeotherchildrenismarkedlydifferentfromwhatadultsthinkofasexpressionsoffriendship.ResearchatOhioStateUniversityinColumbusfoundthatatoddler'swayofsaying“Ilikeyou”duringplayislikelytocomeintheformofcopyingafriend'sbehavior.③Thisseeminglyunusualwayofdemonstratingfondnesscanresultinunpleasantbehavior.Regardlessofhowmuchtheylikeaplaymate,theymaystillgrabhistoys,refusetoshare,andgetbossy.Butexpertssaythatthisisanormalandnecessarypartoffriendshipforkidsthisage.Through……Whenyouestablishtheseguidelines,explainthereasonsbehindthem.

④Beginbyhelpingyourchildlearnsympathy(“Beniscrying.What'smakinghimsosad?”),thensuggesthowhecouldresolvetheproblem(“Maybehewouldfeelbetterifyoulethimplaytheball.”).Whenyourchildsharesorshowsempathy（同理心）towardafriend,praisehim(“Benstoppedcrying!Youmadehimfeelbetter.”).⑤Anotherwaytoencouragehealthysocialinteractionisbyencouragingkidstousewords-notfists-toexpresshowtheyfeel.It'salsoimportanttobemindfulofhowyourchild'spersonalityaffectsplaytime.Kidsareeasytogetangrywhenthey'resleepyorhungry,soscheduleplaytimewhenthey'rerefreshed.34.Whatisthefunctionofthequotedstatementsinparagraph4?Givingexamples.

B.Explainingconcepts.C.Providingevidence.D.Makingcomparisons.2024年1月九省联考阅读理解D篇段落大意题Tip3:此外，研究发现类段落功能还有：1)Introductio/Backgroundinformation/raisequestions（一般为首段）2)Offersuggestions3)Drawconclusions4)Predictfuturetrends/prospects...IntroductionStrategiesPracticeConclusionStrategy2:

UseLogicRelation&WordsforreasonableInference.

利用逻辑关系进行合理推断①Forlotsofkids,toddlerhood（幼儿期）isanimportanttimefor

friendship.Studiesshowthattheearlierkidslearntoformpositiverelationships,thebettertheyareatrelatingtoothersasteenagersandadults.Playingtogetheralsohelpsthesekidspracticesocialbehaviors,suchaskindness,sharing,andcooperation.②Evenso,howquicklyyourchilddevelopsintoasocialcreaturemayalsodependonhistemperament（性格）.Sometoddlersareverysocial,butothersareshy.Inaddition,thewaythattoddlersdemonstratethattheylikeotherchildrenismarkedlydifferentfromwhatadultsthinkofasexpressionsoffriendship.ResearchatOhioStateUniversityinColumbusfoundthatatoddler'swayofsaying“Ilikeyou”duringplayislikelytocomeintheformofcopyingafriend'sbehavior.③Thisseeminglyunusualwayofdemonstratingfondnesscanresultinunpleasantbehavior.

Regardlessofhowmuchtheylikeaplaymate,theymaystillgrabhistoys,refusetoshare,andgetbossy.Butexpertssaythatthisisanormalandnecessarypartoffriendshipforkidsthisage.Throughplayexperiences,toddlerslearnsocialrules.That‘swhyit’ssoimportanttotakeanactiveroleinyourtoddler‘ssocialencountersbysettinglimitsandofferingfrequentremindersofwhattheyare.Whenyouestablishtheseguidelines,explainthereasonsbehindthem.④Beginbyhelpingyourchildlearnsympathy（“Beniscrying.What'smakinghimsosad?”）,thensuggesthowhecouldresolvetheproblem（“Maybehewouldfeelbetterifyoulethimplaytheball.”）.Whenyourchildsharesorshowsempathy（同理心）towardafriend,praisehim（“Benstoppedcrying!Youmadehimfeelbetter.”）.⑤Anotherwaytoencouragehealthysocialinteractionisbyencouragingkidstousewords-notfists-toexpresshowtheyfeel.It'salsoimportanttobemindfulofhowyourchild'spersonalityaffectsplaytime.Kidsareeasytogetangrywhenthey'resleepyorhungry,soscheduleplaytimewhenthey'rerefreshed.2024年1月九省联考阅读理解D篇P2:Process--SupportingevidenceoftheresearchP1:Researchfinding--thesignificanceoffriendshipintoddlerhoodP3:Analysis--Prombles&suggestionsP4-5:ExamplesofSuggestions--LearnsympathyUsewordsScheduleproperplaytime.33.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestparentsdofortheirkids?Designgamesforthem.B.Findthemsuitableplaymates.C.Playtogetherwiththem.D.Helpthemunderstandsocialrules.S2：利用逻辑合理推断P3:Analysis--Prombles&suggestions

③Thisseeminglyunusualwayofdemonstratingfondnesscanresultinunpleasantbehavior.Regardlessofhowmuchtheylikeaplaymate,theymaystillgrabhistoys,refusetoshare,andgetbossy.Butexpertssaythatthisisanormalandnecessarypartoffriendshipforkidsthisage.Throughplayexperiences,toddlerslearnsocialrules.That‘swhyit’ssoimportanttotakeanactiveroleinyourtoddler‘ssocialencountersbysettinglimitsandofferingfrequentremindersofwhattheyare.Whenyouestablishtheseguidelines,explainthereasonsbehindthem.STEP2：圈关键词STEP1：利用篇章结构定位信息段STEP3：找逻辑关系，比对选项推理判断题Tip4:CommonLogicRelation&Words常见逻辑关系causeandeffect因果关系explanation解释关系Parallelandprogressive并列/递进关系transition转折关系Q&A问答关系and,also,besides,similarly,furthermore,moreover,inaddition,then,first,second…that`swhy,because,for,since,as,thus,so,dueto,therefore,thanksto,asaresult,becauseof,betoblame,accountfor…...but,however,yet,onthecontrary,otherwise,ontheotherhand,bycontrast,ratherthan…inotherwords,thatistosay…infact，actually,forexample,forinstance,like......Referencerelation指代关系it,this,that,they,them,those,which,one......②

“Withtheriseoftechnologyitiseasyforpeopletomakeobservationsofdifferentspecieswiththeaidofamobileapplication,”saidBarnabasDaru,whoisleadauthorofthestudyandassistantprofessorofbiologyintheStanfordSchoolofHumanitiesandSciences.“Theseobservationsnowoutnumbertheprimarydatathatcomesfromphysicalspecimens(标本),andsinceweareincreasinglyusingobservationaldatatoinvestigatehowspeciesarerespondingtoglobalchange,Iwantedtoknow:Aretheyusable?”2024年新高考I卷D篇33.WhatdoesDaru’sstudyfocus