2022高考英语一轮复习Module6OldandNew学案必修3

Module6OldandNew一、背单词与词块(一)背阅读单词——会认就行(背诵时遮住右侧汉语，先自主翻译，后比对词义)1．bulletinn． 小型报刊；短新闻；报告2．canaln. 运河3．civiladj. 民用的；国内的4．cliffn. 悬崖；峭壁5．damn. 坝；堤；水闸6．gorgen. 峡谷7．hydro­electricadj. 水力发电的8．reservoirn. 水库(二)背重点单词——写对才行1．datevi. 始于(某一历史时期)2．siten. 场所；遗址3．relicn. (历史的)遗迹；遗物4．crashvi. (飞机)失事；坠毁5．ridiculousadj. 荒唐的；可笑的6．enormousadj. 巨大的；庞大的7．narrowadj. 狭窄的8．removevt. 迁移；搬迁9．structuren. 建筑物；结构(三)背拓展单词——用准才行1．fogn．雾→foggyadj.有浓雾的2．poetn．诗人→poemn．诗；诗歌→poetryn．诗歌(总称)3．globen．地球；地球仪→globaladj.全球的4．engineern．工程师→engineering_n．(土木)工程5．acmodatevt.容纳(乘客等)→acmodationn．住处；停留处；膳宿6．historyn．历史→historic_adj.有历史意义的→historicaladj.历史的；有关历史的7．observevt.观察→observationn．观察→observatory_n．观察台→observern．观察者8．constructvt.建造；建设→constructionn．建造；建设；建筑→constructiveadj.建设性的9．freezevt.冷冻；冰冻；(使)冻住；吓呆→freezingadj.冷冰冰的；极冷的→frozenadj.冷冻的；结冰的[语境活用]1．Itisfreezingoutsidenow,andmoresnowisfallingonalready_frozenstreets.(freeze)2．It'ssaidthatfogisharmfultoourhealth，soweshouldwearmasksonfoggydays.(fog)3．ThegreatbridgeunderconstructionisdesignedbyChineseengineersanditwilltakeaboutayeartoconstructthelargebridge.(construct)4．Forallthecountriesacrosstheglobe,_theproblemofglobalwarmingshouldbepaidspecialattentionto.(globe)5．Havingrichimagination,LiBaicreatedalargenumberofwonderfulpoemsthroughouthislife，soheiscalledromanticpoetintheChinesehistoryofpoetry.(poem)(四)背高频单词——先“记牢”再“用活”，不背绝对不行1．datevi.始于(某一历史时期)vt.确定年代；注明日期n．日期；约会背词条用法(1)datebackto/datefrom起源于；追溯到(2)outofdate过时的；陈旧的up­to­dateadj.现代的；最新的背写作佳句①Actually,inChina,classicalChinesemusicisneveroutofdate.事实上，在中国，中国古典音乐永远不会过时。②Besides,wecanobtainup­to­dateinformationabouteventstakingplaceallovertheworld.此外，我们可以获得世界各地发生的事件的最新信息。③(2018·北京高考书面表达)Chinesetea­drinkingculturehasalonghistorydatingbacktomorethan1,000yearsago.中国饮茶文化源远流长，可以追溯到1000多年前。2．acmodatevt.容纳(乘客等)；考虑到；顾及；给……提供方便vi.适应；顺应背词条用法(1)acmodateto顺应，适应acmodate...to...使……适应……acmodatesb.withsth.为某人提供某物(2)arrangeforsb.'sacmodation给某人安排食宿背写作佳句①Someanimalandplantspeciescannotacmodatetotherapidlychangingconditions.某些种类的动植物不能适应迅速变化的环境。②Itwasverykindofyoutoacmodateuswiththeticketsofourjourney.你为我们提供了旅行票，真是太好了。③Itismypleasuretoarrangeforyouracmodationandshowyouaroundsomeofthefamousscenicspotshereaftertherace.我很高兴为您安排住宿，并在赛后带您参观这里的一些著名景点。3．narrowadj.狭窄的；狭隘的；勉强的v.(使)变窄；缩小背词条用法(1)anarrowescape死里逃生，险些遇险narrowandrough狭窄又崎岖不平(2)narrowthegapbetween...and...缩小……与……之间的差距背写作佳句①Thatwasreallyanarrowescapewhentheircarturnedover!当他们的车翻过去的时候，那真是死里逃生啊！②Hepointedoutthateconomicglobalizationshouldhelpnarrowthegapbetweentherichandpoor.他指出，经济全球化应该有助于缩小贫富差距。③(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ写作)Thewholecoursewasextremelydifficult,especiallythepartnearthemountain，narrowandrough.整个过程非常困难，尤其是靠近山的部分，狭窄又崎岖不平。(五)背短语词块——表达出彩，需多积词块才行eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)单元短语再认再现1．date_from 起源于2．hold_back 阻止3．now_that 既然；由于4．of_all_time 有史以来5．dream_of/about 梦想6．e_true (梦想等)变成现实7．make_sense 有意义；有道理8．bring_an_end_to 结束；终止eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)重点短语拓展用活1．holdback阻止；隐瞒；抑制，控制(感情等)；犹豫背相关短语beheldby由……举办holdonto紧紧抓住holdon坚持；别挂断()holdup举起；阻挡；耽误holdout伸出；坚持背写作佳句①Noonecanholdbackthewheelofhistory.谁也无法阻挡历史的车轮。②(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ写作)A5,000­metrecross­countryrunningrace,partofthesportsmeetinginourschool,washeldbytheschoolstudents'unionlastSunday.上周日学校学生会举办了5公里越野赛跑活动，这是我校运动会的一部分。2．makesense有意义；有道理；讲得通，可理解背相关短语asenseofachievement/direction成就感/方向感makenosense毫无意义，胡闹makesenseof理解……的意义；弄懂inasense某一方面；从某种意义上说innosense决不(位于句首时，句子用部分倒装)thereisnosensein(doing)sth.做某事是没有意义的背写作佳句①ItseemsthatonlyLiHua'sideamakessenseinthissituation.在这种情况下，似乎只有李华的想法是有意义的。②AsfarasI'mconcerned,thereisnosenseingettingupsetaboutitnow.就我而言，现在为此烦恼是没有意义的。③(2020·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)It'sherfriendlinessandthesenseofresponsibilitythatmakemerespecther.是她的友善和责任感让我尊敬她。3．bringanendto结束；终止背相关短语etoanend结束；完结attheendof在……结束时makeendsmeet使收支相抵；勉强维持生计intheend最后，终于endupwith结束，以……结束背写作佳句①Thepartyisendedupwithapplauseandhappiness.这场晚会在掌声和愉快中结束。②Attheendoftheactivity,holdingtheteabagsinourhands,wetookapicturetomemorizetheunforgettableday.在活动结束的时候，我们手里拿着茶包，拍了一张照片来纪念这难忘的一天。二、背佳句与佳作(一)背写作佳句——多“输入”才能巧“输出”eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)教材内句式举一反三1．IttooksixyearstobuildandcostUS$20billion.(Ittakessometimetodosth.“花费一些时间做某事”)它花了6年的时间才建成，耗资200亿美元。佳句①Ittakesfourtosixweekstofinishthereport.完成这份报告需要四到六个星期。佳句②Ittookhimseveralweekstolearntomakeit.他花了几个星期才学会做它。佳句③Thereasonisthatittakeslesstimetounderstandthewholestory.原因是它可以用更少的时间来理解整个故事。2．Isitpossibletoseetherelicsnowthattheyhavebeensubmerged?(Isitpossibletodosth.？“做某事有可能吗？”)既然这些遗迹都已被淹没，还有可能再看到它们吗？佳句①Isitnecessaryforstudentstotakefirstaidcourses？学生们有必要上急救课程吗？佳句②Isitpossibleforyoutopickusupattheairportafterourarrival？我们到达后你能去机场接我们吗？佳句③Isitworthwhiletospendtwohoursreadingthebook？花两个小时读这本书值得吗？3．Whydoyouthinktherearesomanytallbuildingsintheworldnow?(doyouthink在句中作插入语)你认为为什么现在世界上有这么多的高层建筑？佳句①Wheredoyouthinkwecangetthismachinethatcanmakemask？你认为我们能从哪里弄到这种制作口罩的机器？佳句②(2019·北京高考书面表达)Howdoyouthinkthesocialpracticeactivitythat“Laboristhemostglorious”isorganized？你认为“劳动最光荣”的社会实践活动是如何组织的？佳句③Whodoyousupposeweshouldturntoforhelp？你认为我们应该向谁求助？eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)同主题佳句熟读成诵1．Thereisnodoubtthatitisourdutytoprotectnaturalheritage.毫无疑问，保护自然遗产是我们的责任。2．Thereesatimewhentheoldmustgivewaytothenew,anditisnotpossibletopreserveeverythingfromourpastaswemovetowardsthefuture.新旧更替的时代已经到来，在走向未来的过程中，我们不可能将过去的一切都保存下来。3．Notonlyhadthecountriesfoundapathtothefuturethatdidnotrunovertherelicsofthepast，buttheyhadalsolearntthatitwaspossibleforcountriestoworktogethertobuildabettertomorrow.这些国家不仅找到了一条不以牺牲古迹为代价的未来发展之路，而且还明白了多个国家合作创造美好未来的可能性。(二)背满分作文——好习作就靠“仿效”和“背诵”本辑学点——道歉信(一)[题目要求](2016·全国卷Ⅲ)假定你是李华，与留学生朋友Bob约好一起去书店，因故不能赴约。请给他写封邮件，内容包括：1．表示歉意；2.说明原因；3.另约时间。注意：1.词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。[背范文]DearBob,I'mwritingtoexpressmysincereapologytoyoufornotgoingtothebookstorewithyouatourappointedtime.I'msorryfortheinconvenienceitmaycauseyou.ThereasonwhyIwon'tbeavailableatthattimeisthatmygrandfatherfellillsuddenlyyesterdayandnowheisinhospital.Myfamilyaretakingturnstotakecareofhim.SoIhavetostaywithhimthatday.Isincerelyhopeyoucanacceptmyapology.Meanwhile,Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldallowmetofixanotherdate.Ifit'sconvenientforyou,shallwemeetat8：00amnextSaturday?Ifnot,pleasekeepmeinformedinadvanceofwhattimesuitsyoubest.Sorryagainfortheinconveniencecaused.Yours，LiHua[学亮点]1．学谋篇布局2．学亮丽开头开头使用expressmysincereapologytoyoufornot...表达歉意，点明写信缘由，然后再用I'msorryfortheinconvenienceitmaycauseyou.再次表示歉意，语言委婉，诚意十足。3．学高级表达(1)使用高级词汇和语块，如：expressone'ssincereapologyto,atone'sappointedtime,inconvenience,available,taketurns,inadvanceof等。(2)准确运用复杂句式结构，如：Thereasonwhy...is/wasthat...句式；it作形式宾语Iwouldappreciateitif...；条件状语从句Ifit'sconvenientforyou；省略句Ifnot；祈使句pleasekeepmeinformed...等，都体现了考生过硬的语言功底与灵活的语言运用能力。4．学精彩结尾结尾使用了Sorryagainfortheinconveniencecaused.再次表达歉意，语句虽短，但诚意满满。5．学过渡衔接衔接词and,so,meanwhile等的恰当运用，使得文章结构严谨，层层递进，读起来朗朗上口。6．防微点失分考生容易因主从句意识淡薄把“ThereasonwhyIwon'tbeavailableatthattimeisthatmygrandfather...”中的连接词that漏掉，或把“Ifit'sconvenientforyou”错误地表达为“Ifyou'reconvenient”，从而导致失分。

学案(一)重点单词的查漏补缺——打牢必备知识[全面练——练清易错微点]Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Ididn'tmakesenseofthepoem(诗)untilIreaditathirdtime.2．OfficialsfromGreenwichObservatory(观察台)havetheclockcheckedtwiceaday.3．Itisridiculous(荒唐的)tospendagreatdealofmoneyonsuchmeaninglessanduselessthings.4．Appreciatingpoetryismorethangettingtoknowthestructure(结构)ofeverysentence.5．Itisreportedthatthereisa$1,000rewardforanyinformationthathelpspolicefindthelostrelic_(遗物)．6．fortablebikesandasmoothtourroutemakecyclingbetweenthe_sites(场所)funandrelaxing.7．Enormous_(巨大的)pressureastheyarefacedwith，thestudentsremainoptimisticandtryhardtoachievetheirgoals.8．Protectingtheenvironmentisacivil(公民的)duty.Ⅱ.根据语境写出加黑部分的汉语意思1．Morethanonepassengerwasinjuredintheaircrash.失事2．Theterminaliscrowdedwithmanypeoplereturninghome.候机厅3．Althoughwarnedofdanger,touristscan'thelptakingphotosnearthecliff.悬崖；峭壁4．Thereisawatchtowerrisetoabout12meterseveryonehundredmetersontheGreatWall.瞭望台5．(熟词生义)LastyearIhadanarrowescapefromacarcrash，andIdon'twanttoriskmylifeasecondtime.勉强的6．(熟词生义)(2020·浙江高考)MyheartfrozeinmychestasIsawthetractorheadingtowardsthemotorway.吓呆Ⅲ.单句语法填空1．Itisfreezing(freeze)here.Wearyourcoat,oryou'llcatchacold.2.Wecannotguaranteethepunctualarrivaloftrainsinfoggy(fog)weather.3．Imajorinengineering(engineer),butthismachineisreallyhardtooperate.4.Thismajorroadisunderconstruction(construct).We'dbettertakeanalternativeway.5．Thoughprimitiveandsimpleinform,thisstonecarving(carve)hasveryhighartisticvalue.6．Inaway,global(globe)warmingisachallengeforman,sowemustovereittobuildafineworld.7.Youmustplacetheseeventsintheirhistorical(history)context.名师点拨“一站清”(1)以“一个元音字母＋一个辅音字母”结尾的重读闭音节单词，在变形时须双写词尾字母。如：muddy;starring;beginning等。(2)“under＋名词”表示正在进行的动作，常见的搭配有：underrepair“正在修理”；underconsideration“正在考虑”；underdiscussion“正在讨论”；undertrial“正在审判”；undertreatment“正在治疗”；underconstruction“正在建设”。(3)historic主要指历史上有名或具有重要历史意义的，侧重强调其影响性。如：historiccharacter“历史名人”；ahistoricday“有历史意义的一天”。historical主要指历史上发生过或存在过的，通常涉及历史、史学、过去的事实。如：ahistoricalplay“历史剧”；ahistoricalfigure“历史人物”。[重点练——深化高频考点]1．date[明其义]vi.始于(某一历史时期)vt.确定年代；注明日期n．日期；约会[通其用](1)单句语法填空①Myinterestinstampcollecting_dates(date)backtomyschooldays.②Eastofourcitystandsaworld­famouspagoda_dating(date)fromTangDynasty.③Everyoneshouldkeepongettinghimselfeducatedsoastobeuptodatewithmoderntechnology.(2)补全句子④Thehistoryoftheirfamilydates_from/back_to_300_years_ago.他们家族的历史可以追溯到300年前。[解其困]datefrom和datebackto这两个短语，没有进行时态，也没有被动形式。2．acmodate[明其义]vt.容纳(乘客等)；考虑到；顾及；给……提供方便vi.适应；顺应[通其用]单句语法填空①Hereyestookawhiletoacmodatetothedarkness.②Whereverhegoes，hecanacmodate_himself(he)tonewcircumstancesquickly.③Insteadofhavingatravelagencyarrangeouracmodation(acmodate),webookedthetrainticketandhotelroomsontheInternetbyourselves.3．narrow[明其义]adj.狭窄的；狭隘的；勉强的v．(使)变窄；缩小[通其用](1)单句语法填空①Theroad_narrowed(narrow)toapathaswewalkedtowardsthemountain.②Whilehewascrossingthestreet,henarrowly(narrow)escapedbeingknockeddown.(2)翻译句子③他是一个心胸狭窄的人，很难相处。He_is_a_narrow­minded_man_and_difficult_to_get_along_with.学案(二)词块、句式的活学活用——强化关键能力[词块的验收盘点]Ⅰ.词块点点练——选词填空datefrom，holdback，nowthat，ofalltime，dreamof，etrue，makesense，bringanendto1．Spidermanisoneofthemostfamousicbookheroesof_all_time.2.Thehouselooksmuchbiggernow_that_wehavepaintedthewallsinbrightercolours.3．Themantriedtohold_backhisangerwhenheknewhemetunfairtreatment,butinvain.4．Idon'tthinkitmakes_sensetobuythatexpensivecoatwhenthosecheaperonesarejustasgood.5.Ihavedreamed/dreamt_ofbeingaresponsibleEnglishteacherlikemyfathersinceIwasachild.6．Theybrought_an_end_tothemeetingafterthreehourswithoutreachinganyagreementyesterdayafternoon.7．Thiskindoftradition_dating_from_TangDynastyisreplacedbyanewlifestylewiththedevelopmentofsociety.8.Believeitornot,IamexcitedtohavemyownhousenowforIneverthinkmydreamcould_e_truesosoon.名师点拨“一站清”(1)nowthat后接句子时，相当于连词since,意为“既然”。(2)dream的过去式和过去分词形式为dreamed或dreamt。类似的还有：burned/burnt;learned/learnt;smelled/smelt;spelled/spelt等。(3)etrue中的e是系动词，true是形容词，该短语是系表结构，它没有被动语态。Ⅱ.易错对对碰——辨析比较1．holdbackVSkeepback比较①Thesoldiersfloodedthecountrysideinordertokeep_backtheenemy.②TheycannotarriveinShanghaiontime,becausetheshipwasheld_backbythestorm.辨清(1)holdback多指因客观原因而受到耽搁或延误。(2)keepback一般指强行被某人或某事阻挡。2．makesenseVSmakesenseof比较①Wereaditthrough,butcouldnotmake_sense_ofit.②Thesentencejustdoesn'tmake_sense,_nomatterhowyoureadit.辨清makesense意为“有道理，有意义，讲得通”，后不接宾语；而makesenseof意为“理解；弄懂(不易理解的事物)”，其后可以接宾语。Ⅲ.多义比比看——一词多义(写出下列各句中holdback的含义)①Whenthewriterarrivedhome，hecouldn'tholdbackhistearsandstartedtothinkaboutthesimplegooddeedthathadaffectedhimsodeeply.抑制，控制②Thenexttimeyouwanttodosomethingniceforsomeone，don'tholdback,waitingfortherightchance.Goaheadanddoit！犹豫③Hewasunabletoholdbacktheangrycrowd.阻止[句式的验收盘点]Ittakes(sb.)sometimetodosth.[通其用]补全句子①Asanewgraduate,hedoesn'tknowwhat_it_takes_to_startabusinesshere.作为一名刚毕业的大学生，他不知道在这里创业需要什么。②It_took_him_a_long_time_to_acquiretheskillsheneededtobeeagooddancer.他花了很长时间去获得成为一名优秀舞蹈家所需要的技能。③Amonthbeforetheevent,Ispent_hours_working_out_ascheduleoutliningmygoalsandpracticalsteps.在活动开始前的一个月，我花了几个小时制定了一个时间表，列出了我的目标和切实可行的步骤。[解其困](1)Ittakes(sb.)sometimetodosth.(某人)花费一些时间做某事。(2)sb.spendsometime/money(in)doing/onsth.某人花费多少时间/金钱做某事。(3)(doing)sth.cost(sb.)sometime/money(做)某事/物花费(某人)多少时间/金钱学案(三)高考语篇的价值发掘——提升学科素养2018全国卷Ⅲ·阅读理解B篇——对接课标主题：自然环境、自然遗产保护(一)精读真题——拓展语言能力(语篇中黑体词汇为主题词汇，请注意积累并揣摩其用法)[1]Citiesusuallyhaveagoodreasonforbeingwheretheyare,likeanearbyportorriver.Peoplesettleintheseplacesbecausetheyareeasytogettoandnaturallysuitedtomunicationsandtrade.NewYorkCity,forexample,isnearalargeharbouratthemouth①oftheHudsonRiver.Over300yearsitspopulationgrewgraduallyfrom800peopleto8million.Buteq\o(notallcitiesdevelopslowlyoveralongperiodoftime,\s\do4(1)).Boomtownsgrowfromnothingalmostovernight.In1896,Dawson,Canada,wasunmapped②wilderness(荒野)．Butgoldwasdiscoveredtherein1897,andtwoyearslater,itwasoneofthelargestcitiesintheWest,withapopulationofeq\a\vs4\al(③)30,000.[2]DawsondidnothaveanyofthenaturalconveniencesofcitieslikeLondonorParis.Peoplewentthereforgold.Theytravelledoversnow­coveredmountainsandsailedhundredsofmilesupicyrivers.ThepathtoDawsonwascoveredwiththirtyfeetofwetsnowthatcouldfallwithoutwarning.Anavalanche(雪崩)onceclosedthepath,killing63people.FormanywhomadeittoDawson,however,therewardswereworththedifficulttrip.Ofthefirst20,000peoplewhodugforgold,4,000gotrich.About100ofthesestayedrichmenfortherestoftheirlives.[3]Butnomatterhowrichtheywere,Dawsonwasneverfortable.Necessitieslikefoodandwoodwereveryexpensive.Butsoon,thegoldthatDawsondependedonhadallbeenfound.Thecitywascrowdedwithdisappointedpeoplewithnointerestinsettlingdown,andwhentheyheardtherewerenewgolddiscoveriesinAlaska,theyleftDawsonCityasquicklyastheyhade.Today,peoplestilleandgo—toseewheretheCanadiangoldrush④happened.Tourismisnowthechiefindustryof［析微点·厚积语言基础］①微积累——熟词生义：mouthn．口；嘴(熟义)n．入海口；河口(生义)通句式——句子(1)＝allcitiesdon'tdevelopslowlyoveralongperiodoftime，为部分否定。notall意为“并非所有的”。②构词法——unmapped词源：mapn．地图v．绘制……的地图un­＋map＋­ed→unmappedadj.地图上未标出的③微积累——with＋a/an＋n.＋of短语大集合：withapopulationof30,000有3万的人口withanareaof300hectares有300公顷的面积withahistoryof2,000years有2000年的历史withadistanceof500kilometers有500千米的距离④微点拨——动词“名”用：rushv．迅速移动；急促n.热潮[理脉络——内化读文规律](二)解析真题——感悟素养立意[考什么·怎么考——真题再做]24．WhatattractedtheearlysettlerstoNewYorkCity?A．Itsbusinessculture.B．Itssmallpopulation.C．Itsgeographicalposition.D．Itsfavourableclimate.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第一段第二、三句“Peoplesettleintheseplaces...NewYorkCity,forexample,isnearalargeharbouratthemouthoftheHudsonRiver.”可知，纽约市吸引早期定居者之处就是它靠近哈德逊河入海口，交通和贸易便利，所以是它的地理位置吸引了早期的定居者。故选C。25．WhatdoweknowaboutthosewhofirstdugforgoldinDawson?A．Two­thirdsofthemstayedthere.B．Oneoutoffivepeoplegotrich.C．Almosteveryonegaveup.D．Halfofthemdied.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第二句“Ofthefirst20,000peoplewhodugforgold,4,000gotrich.”可知，在最先的两万名淘金者中，有4000人变得富有了，即有五分之一的人变得富有了。故选B。26．WhatwasthemainreasonformanypeopletoleaveDawson?A．Theyfoundthecitytoocrowded.B．Theywantedtotrytheirluckelsewhere.C．Therewereunabletostandthewinter.D．Theywereshortoffood.解析：选B细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Thecitywascrowded...newgolddiscoveriesinAlaska,theyleftDawsonCityasquicklyastheyhade.”可知，人们离开道森去阿拉斯加碰运气了。故选B。27．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Theriseandfallofacity.B．ThegoldrushinCanada.C．Journeysintothewilderness.D．TourisminDawson.解析：选A主旨大意题。文章第一段简要介绍城市发展的原因，并引出道森这一城市的兴起；第二段介绍了道森兴起的原因；第三段介绍了道森的衰落和现状，由此可知，文章主要讲述了加拿大城市道森的兴衰。故选A。[为什么考·有何价值——导向解读]一、发展思维品质文中第27题主要考查学生的概括性思维。本文首段一开始介绍一般城市的兴起原因在于地理位置优越，并以纽约市为例进行说明，然后话锋一转：并非所有城市都是这样，从而引出本文的主要话题——加拿大的道森市。道森市并没有优越的地理位置和其他的便利条件，它的兴起完全是因为当地发现了黄金。第二段主要讲道森市环境的恶劣，但是为了挖掘黄金，人们接踵而至。第三段描述人们没有兴趣定居在道森市，以及其他地方发现黄金，人们纷纷离开道森市，造成了道森市的没落。概括分析全文内容可知选A项。考生如果不具备概括性思维，“只见树木不见森林”，而掉进命题人故意设置的陷阱，则易错选。二、聚焦核心价值本文通过介绍加拿大道森市的发展变迁，旨在让考生了解城市兴衰的原因，进而培养学生的国际视野和学习历史的兴趣，激发学生奋发向上，积极投入家乡、祖国的发展建设中。每个城市乃至国家都有其发展历史，尤其是作为四大文明古国之一的中国更是有着悠久的历史和灿烂的文明，这也成为高考的关注点。因此，考生应多聚焦历史变迁，多关注历史上的人物介绍、地方的兴衰以及文化的迁移和影响。(三)借力真题——发掘学习能力Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Role­playishelpfulindevelopingmunication(municate)skills.2．Pleasingpeoplemaynotbethepathtosuccess.3．Thepoorareawhichdependsontourism(tour)isdevelopingveryquickly.4．Theyputuptheirtentsandsettleddownforthenight.5．We'vegotplentyoftime;there'snoneedto_rush(rush)．Ⅱ.补全句子1．Theoldmanintendedtosettle_down_in(定居)thecountryafterheretired.2．Not_all_the_students(并非所有学生)aregoodatlearningtheforeignlanguage.3．Chinahasthelargestpopulationintheworld,with_a_population_of(有……人口)about1.4billion.Ⅲ.分析长难句Thecitywascrowdedwithdisappointedpeoplewithnointerestinsettlingdown,andwhentheyheardtherewerenewgolddiscoveriesinAlaska,theyleftDawson[句式解构]本句是一个由and连接的并列复合句。第一个分句主句的主语是Thecity，谓语动词是wascrowdedwith。第二个分句的主语是they，谓语动词是left。第二个并列分句中包含一个由when引导的时间状语从句和由as引导的比较状语从句。时间状语从句中“therewerenewgolddiscoveriesinAlaska”是一个省略了that的宾语从句。[句意翻译]城里挤满了对定居没有兴趣的失望的人们，当他们听说阿拉斯加发现了新的金矿时，他们就像最初来时一样迅速离开了道森市。Ⅳ.主题语境写作巴黎是法国的首都，也是一个梦幻的城市，每年吸引世界各地大批游客来观光游玩。请根据以下要点，用英语写一篇介绍巴黎的小短文。1．地理位置：法国北部；2．人口：大约220万；3．气候：不太热也不太冷，春季和秋季最好；4．基本情况：欧洲第二大城市；法国的文化、教育、商业中心；时尚与浪漫之都，很多重大活动在此举行；有悠久的历史和丰富的旅游资源，最著名的有埃菲尔铁塔(theEiffelTower)、凯旋门(ArcdeTriomphe)和巴黎圣母院(Notre­DamedeParis)等。注意：1.词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考范文：Paris,thecapitalofFrance,islocatedinthenorthofFrance.Ithasapopulationofabout2.2million.ItisthesecondlargestcityinEurope.Asfortheweather,itnevergetstoohotortoocold.Anditisatitsbestduringthespringandautumnmonths.Parisistheculture,education,andbusinesscentreofFrance.Itisacityoffashionandromance.Somanyimportanteventshavebeenheldhere.Parisisamoderncitywithalonghistorywhichhassomanyplacesforpeopletovisit.ThemostfamousaretheEiffelTower,AredeTriompheandNotre­DamedeParis.Inaword,Parisisreallyagreatandattractivecity.课下主题训练自然环境、自然遗产保护Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2021·德州高三检测)America'sfirsttranscontinentalrailroad,pleted150yearsagotodayatPromontorySummitinUtah,connectedthevastUnitedStatesandbroughtAmericaintothemodernage.Chineseimmigrantscontributedgreatlytothisnotableachievement,butthehistoricalaccountsthatfollowedoftenignoredtheirrole.Between1863and1869,asmanyas20,000Chineseworkershelpedbuildthedangerouswesternpartoftherailroad,awindingribbonoftrackknownastheCentralPacific.Atfirst,theCentralPacificRailroad'sdirectorswantedawhites­onlyworkforce.Whennotenoughwhitemensignedup,therailroadbeganhiringChinesemenforthebackbreakinglabor.panyleaderswereskepticalofthenewrecruits'abilitytodothework,but_they_provedthemselvesnotonlycapablebutevensuperiortotheotherworkers.Chineseworkerscutthroughdenseforests,filleddeepnarrowsteep­sidedvalley,constructedlongtrestles(高架桥)andbuiltenormousretainingwalls(防护墙)—someofwhichremainpleteandundamagedtoday.Allworkwasdonebyhandusingcarts,shovelsandpicksbutnomachinery.However,progresscameatgreatcost:anestimated1,200ChineselaborersdiedalongtheCentralPacificroute.Despitethesefacts,Chineseworkerswereoftenleftoutoftheofficialstorybecauseoftheiridentityofforeigners.Onthetranscontinentalrailroad's100thbirthday,theChineseworkerswerestillnothonored.Itwasanotherfiftyyearslaterthattheirrolewasgraduallyhighlighted.Tocelebratetherailroad's150thanniversaryin2019,theCaliforniaassemblypassedaresolutionin2017torecognizeandhonortheChineserailroadworkersbydesignatingMay10,2017,andeveryMay10thereafter,asCaliforniaChineseRailroadWorkersMemorialDay.语篇解读：本文主要讲述了中国移民对美国第一条横贯大陆的铁路做出的巨大贡献。尽管历史上中国工人对铁路的贡献一直被忽视，但最终中国工人做出的贡献得以被认可。1．Whatdoes“they”inParagraph2referto?A．Chineselaborers. B．Whiteworkers.C．panyleaders. D．Railroaddirectors.解析：选A代词指代题。根据第二段中的“Whennotenough...thework”可知，当没有足够的白人报名时，铁路开始雇用中国男子从事艰苦的劳动。公司领导对新员工的工作能力表示怀疑，因此推断画线句意为“但他们证明自己不仅有能力，甚至优于其他工人。”they指代上文提到的中国劳动力。故选A。2．WhydoestheauthormakesuchdetaileddescriptionsinParagraph3?A．ToproveChineseworkers'superiorskills.B．Tostressthedangeranddifficultyofthework.C．Todescribethegrandsceneryalongtherailroad.D．ToshownotableachievementsmadebyChineseworkers.解析：选B推理判断题。根据第三段可知，本段主要阐述中国工人修建铁路时付出了巨大的代价：估计有1200名中国劳工在铁路建设中死亡。因此推断详细描述修建铁路的工作过程是为了强调工作的危险和困难。故选B。3．Whatdoesthetextintendtotellus?A．Nonesoblindasthosewhowon'tsee.B．Nopains,nogains.C．Truthwilletolightsoonerorlater.D．Doingisbetterthansaying.解析：选C推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可推断，尽管历史上中国工人对铁路的贡献一直不被认可，但是最终在2017年他们的奉献得以承认。故C项“纸包不住火”是文章要告诉读者的。故选C。4．Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A．TheBirthoftheCentralPacificCostDearlyB．May10—ASpecialDayforChineseImmigrantsC．ChineseWorkers'ContributionsGainedRecognitionD．The150thanniversaryoftheCentralPacificRailroad解析：选C标题归纳题。根据第一段第二句以及最后一段最后一句可知，最终，中国工人的贡献得以被认可，故选C。BMadisonSquareGarden(MSG),aplaceforworld­famouseventsinNewYorkCity,hasactuallybeenagroupofbuildingsindifferentspotsratherthanasinglebuildinginonespot.In1874,P．T.BarnumthrewopenBarnum'sMonsterClassicalandGeologicalHippodrome(BMCGH)atthecornerofMadisonAvenueand26thStreet,acrossfromMadisonSquarePark.Twoyearslater,bandleaderPatrickGilmoreleasedthebuilding,addedstatuesandfountains,andrenameditGilmore'sGardens.WhenWilliamKissamVanderbilttookbackcontrolofthebuilding,itwasrenamedMadisonAnewgrandMadisonSquareWhenthesecondMadisonSquareGardenhadbeenreplacedinitsspotacrossfromMadisonSquarePark,theboxingpromoterTexRickardbuiltanewMadisonSquareGarden.ThisnewMadisonSquareGardenwasconstructedinadifferentplace,onAnewspotwasfoundagainforMadisonSquareGarden,withPennsylvaniaStationtobebuiltunderground.PlanswereannouncedfortheconstructionofMadison语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了麦迪逊广场花园的历史变迁，包括它的建筑时间、地点以及功能的变化。5．WhenwasBMCGHrenamedGilmore'sGardens?A．In1874. B．In1876.C．In1879. D．In1890.解析：选B细节理解题。第一段谈到在1874年，P.T.Barnum开放了BMCGH，两年后，PatrickGilmore租下该建筑，更名为Gilmore'sGardens，故选B。6．WhichparagraphdiscussesthethirdconstructionofMSG?A．Thefirstparagraph. B．Thesecondparagraph.C．Thethirdparagraph. D．Thelastparagraph.解析：选C细节理解题。第二段谈到第二代MSG，该MSG在1925年被拆掉；再根据第三段的内容，尤其是第一句可知，第二代MSG被拆后，TexRickard修建了第三代MSG，接着下文还介绍了第三代MSG的位置离麦迪逊广场公园和麦迪逊大道有相当远的一段距离。所以涉及第三次建造MSG的内容在第三段。7．Whatcanbeinferredabouttoday'sMSGfromthetext?A．ItisonMadisonAvenue.B．Ithasunbelievablegardens.C．It'sacrossfromMadisonD．Itisaboveatransportationcenter.解析：选D推理判断题。最后一段中的“AnewspotwasfoundagainforMadisonSquareGarden,withPennsylvaniaStationtobebuiltunderground.”谈到了如今麦迪逊广场花园的地点，也就是宾夕法尼亚车站上面，故本题选D。8．Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A．MSGwasalwaysnamedafteranearbypark.B．MSGhasavariedhistoryinvariousspots.C．MSGishometomanydifferentsportingevents.D．MSGalwayshoststhehistory­makingmoments.解析：选B主旨大意题。阅读全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了麦迪逊广场花园的历史变迁，包括不同时期的建筑地点以及功用的变化，故选B。Ⅱ.阅读七选五Whathappenswhenyouwanttogofromoneplacetoanother,butthere'swaterintheway?That'stheproblempeoplefacedforhundredsofyearsintheareathatisnowNewYorkCity.Inthecity,thereisanaturalcanal(运河)calledtheNarrows,separatingBrooklynononesidefromStatenIslandontheother.ButtheNarrowsisn'treallysonarrow.Thewaterisalmostamilewide,andit'smorethan100feetdeep.__1__Whentheywantedtota