2019高考英语一轮选练习题Unit4WildlifeProtection（含解析）新人教版必修2

必修2Unit4Wildlifeprotection李仕才一、阅读理解AWhenColumbus‘sailedtheoceanbluein1492’hewasn'tlookingforAmerica,hewassearchingforaroutefromSpaintoChina;Americajustgotintheway.TheSpanishwereaftertherichesofAsia:silk,dates,spices.UntillateradventurersdiscoveredhowtosailtotheFarEast,tradewithChinadependedontheSilkRoad.ThetradebetweenChinaandEuropebroughthugewealth,sotheSpanishhadastrongdesiretofindanewwaytotheEast.Eventuallyawayappeared;asseatrafficdevelopedfromthe17thCenturyonwards,theoverlandroutediminished.NowChinaisseekingtorevive(复兴)theSilkRoadandispreparingtoinvest4trillionpoundsinnewroads,raillinks,oilpipelinesandotherbasicfacilities.Itishopedthatgoodscanbeshippedwestwardsbylandfarmorequicklyandeconomicallythanbysea.Buttheplanisalsotoattractmoretourists.Actually,Chinadoesprettywellfortouristsalready;it'stheworld'sfourthmostvisitedcountry.Twocities—BeijingandShanghai—possessthetourismbusiness,withsignificantinterestindestinationssuchasXi'anandChengdu.WhileBeijingismodern,citiessuchasLanzhouandDunhuanghaveonefootplantedfirmlyinoldChina.OtherplacesfeaturedincludeXi'an,theformercapitalofChina,whereyoucanefacetofacewiththeTerracottaArmybuilttoprotectChina'sfirstemperorintheafterlife.FromLanzhoutourmemberstakethetraintoJiayuguan,China'swesterngatewayandakeylocationontheSilkRoad.Thereisalsoafour­daycoachjourneyalongtheoriginalSilkRoutethroughtheXinjiangregiontoKashgar.Alongtheway,atKurla,youcanvisittheruinsoftheIronFortress.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。在古代，丝绸之路促进了东西方商品和文化的交流，后来没落了。但是最近几年，中国复兴丝绸之路的计划使它又焕发了活力、魅力。【长难句分析】OtherplacesfeaturedincludeXi'an,theformercapitalofChina,whereyoucanefacetofacewiththeTerracottaArmybuilttoprotectChina'sfirstemperorintheafterlife.(倒数第二段第一句)分析：本句是复合句。where引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Xi'an。译文：其他比较重要的旅游地还包括西安，它曾是中国古代的都城，在那里可以看到为保护去世的中国第一个皇帝而建的兵马俑。1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“diminished”inParagraph2mean?A．Discovered.B．Disappeared.C．Disturbed.D．Displayed.答案与解析：B考查词义猜测。该题提问的是划线词的含义。根据第二段最后两句中的“theSpanishhadastrongdesiretofindanewwaytotheEast.Eventuallyawayappeared;asseatrafficdevelopedfromthe17thCenturyonwards”可知，当时西班牙人找到了一条更快、更方便的通往中国的海路，因此随着海上贸易的发展，那条陆地上的丝绸之路逐渐废弃，消失不见了。由此可推断出，“diminish”应意为“消失”。故选B。2．WhatisthepurposeofrevivingtheSilkRoad?A．TorebuildtheruinsoftheIronFortress.B．Toconstructnewroadsandotherbasicstructures.C．Tomaketransportationwestwardsfasterandcheaper.D．Todrawmoreinlandtourists'attentiontothewesterngateway.答案与解析：C考查细节理解。Itishopedthatgoodscanbeshippedwestwardsbylandfarmorequicklyandeconomicallythanbysea.(第三段第二句)译文：中国希望通过陆地比通过海洋能够更快、更经济地将商品运送至西方。该题提问的是复兴丝绸之路的目的是什么。根据关键句可知，这是为了更快、更便宜地将商品输送至西方。故选C。3．WhatcanwelearnabouttheSilkRoad?A．Itisnothingbutatraderoute.B．Itmaydestroysomecities'ancientstyle.C．Itattractsforeigninvestmentof￡4trillion.D．ItpromotesthetourismindustryofChina.答案与解析：D考查细节理解。Buttheplanisalsotoattractmoretourists.(第四段第一句)译文：但是，该计划也是为了吸引更多的游客。该题提问的是关于丝绸之路我们可以了解到什么信息。根据关键句可知，复兴丝绸之路也是为了吸引更多的游客，促进中国旅游业的发展。故选D。4．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．ThecharmingoftheSilkRoadB．ThefunctionoftheSilkRoadC．TheoriginoftheSilkRoadD．ThefutureoftheSilkRoad答案与解析：A考查标题概括。根据文章内容可判断出，本文主要讲述的是：在最近几年，丝绸之路又焕发出了魅力和活力，它不仅方便了商品的运输，而且促进了中国旅游业的发展。A项体现了本文的主题，适合用作标题。故选A。BCaptainJohnBunchlovestogofishing.Infact,Bunchlovesfishingsomuchthathebecameaprofessionalfishingguidedecadesagoandhasremainedoneeversince.Thereissomething,however,thatBunchlovesevenmore.Thatishiscountryandthemenandwomenwhojointhearmytoprotectit.EversinceBunchmetayoungsoldierin2005,whowantedtogoonafishingtripbeforeheleftthearmy,theFloridanativehasofferedover1200fishingtripstoveterans(退伍军人),withallexpensespaid.AndBunch’seffortstogivebacktothosewhohaveservedtheirnationgoevenmuchfurther.Inspiredbythatfishingtrip11yearsago,hefoundedOperationOpenArms,whichhassincehelpednearly3400UStroopsandgivenoutmorethan$12millionindirectbenefitswithhischarity.OperationOpenArmsalsoprovidesfreeweddings,vacations,andmoreleisurelyactivitiestoveterans,andcanrelyonanetworkofover300businessesandindividualpartnerstogetformersoldiersanythingtheymightneeduponreturninghomefromarmy.Theformermarine’sheartwarminggenerosityisaresultofhisownexperiencesinthemilitaryandthepridehehasforhiscountry."IdothisbecauseIlovemycountryandIdothisbecauseAmericaisthegreatestcountryintheworld,"hetoldNBC’sTodayShow.Bunch’sunwaveringmitmentgoessofarthatheonceturneddownaninvitationfromthenPresidentGeorgeW.Bush,becausehehadalreadyscheduledafishingtripwithoneofhisveterans.EventhemilitaryhasrecognizedBunch’sworkoflove,andearlierthisyearhonoredhimandhisorganizationwiththeOutstandingCivilianServiceAwardandtheArmy’smostprestigiouscivilianaward.1.WhatcausedJohnBunchtoofferfreefishingtripstoveterans?A.Ayoungsoldier’sdesiretogoonafishingtrip.B.Workingasaprofessionalfishingguide.C.Havingservedinthearmy.D.GrowingupinFlorida.2.WhatisParagraphTwomainlyabout?A.TheachievementsOperationOpenArmshasmade.B.HowOperationOpenArmswasfounded.C.ActivitiesCaptainJohnBunchhasjoined.D.ThemissionsofOperationOpenArms.3.WhichcanbestdescribeJohnBunch’spersonality?A.Ambitiousandtalented. B.Responsibleandpatient.C.Honestanddetermined. D.Warmheartedandgenerous.4.JohnBunchdidn’tacceptGeorgeW.Bush’sinvitationbecause___.A.hethoughtlittleofhim B.hedidn’twanttoseehimC.hehadtotakecareofbusiness D.hewantedtostaywithveterans【文章大意】钓鱼向导JohnBunch不仅自己喜欢钓鱼，而且还为美国退伍军人安排很多次免费的钓鱼之旅，并为他们提供一些其他的福利。1.A【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的"EversinceBunchmetayoungsoldierin2005,whowantedtogoonafishingtripbeforeheleftthearmy,theFloridanativehasofferedover1200fishingtripstoveterans(退伍军人),withallexpensespaid"可知,2005年,CaptainJohnBunch遇上一个年轻的士兵，士兵说他希望退役前能来一次钓鱼之旅。此后，CaptainJohnBunch为退伍军人安排了1200多次免费的钓鱼之旅。故此题选A。3.D【解析】推理判断题。从短文中JohnBunch为退伍军人安排免费的钓鱼之旅,和"providesfreeweddings..."等可知，JohnBunch不仅友好，具有强烈的助人为乐精神,而且还成立慈善机构慷慨大方地帮助退伍军人。故选D。4.D【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的"heonceturneddownaninvitationfromthenPresidentGeorgeW.Bush,becausehehadalreadyscheduledafishingtripwithoneofhisveterans"可知，JohnBunch曾经拒绝布什总统的邀请是因为他事先计划要和退伍军人一起去钓鱼。二、七选五(2018·甘肃省兰州市高考诊断考试)Whatmakespeoplesuccessful?Takealookaroundandtalktoyourfriendsandseniorswhoareverysuccessful,youwillseeallofthemhaveadoptedcertainvalueswhichhaveprovedimportantfortheirsuccess.Itisevidentthatsuccessfulpeopletakeinitiative(主动性).Whentheyfindsomethingneedstobedone,theyneverhesitatetodoit.__1__Theyweighimmediatelywhathastobedoneandthendoitwithpleasure,thusstrengtheningtheirreputation.Successfulpeopledothingswithgreatenthusiasm,especiallywhentheybelieveinwhattheyaredoing.Theyaremotivatedbytheirownsatisfactionandthejoytheygetfromdoingtheirwork.__2__Theydonotfearfailure.Failuresanddisappointmentsinlifeareunavoidable.__3__Successfulpeoplepickthemselvesupafterafallandtryagainwithmoredeterminationandmitmentandlearnfromeachfailure.Theyassociatewiththosetheycanlearnfromandenjoythepanyofthoseappreciatingtheirachievement.HavingagoodIQoftengetsapersonwhathewantsbutit'sreallytheEQthatkeepshimthereandhelpshimenjoyahighreputation.__4__Bygivingrespecttoothers,theymandrespectforthemselves.__5__It'sbettertopraiseothersandwinfavorwiththem.Soinsteadofplainingaboutasituation,successfulpeoplealwaystrytosolveit.A．Successfulpeopleneverplain.B．Successfulpersonsdon'tmakeexcuses.C．Theyworkhardevenwhennooneiswatching.D．Theybelievethatresponsibilityistaken,notgiven.E．It'sfailurethatteachesusmuchmorethansuccess.F．It'shardtobesuccessfulifyoudon'ttrustthepeoplearoundyou.G．Successfulpeoplearepolitetoeveryoneandtreatotherswithrespect.【文章大意】本文主要介绍了成功人士所具有的共同特征。【难句分析】HavingagoodIQoftengetsapersonwhathewantsbutit'sreallytheEQthatkeepshimthereandhelpshimenjoyahighreputation.(第五段第一句)分析：本句是一个复合句。HavingagoodIQ是动名词短语作主语；what引导宾语从句，在从句中作宾语；it'sreallytheEQthatkeepshimthereandhelpshimenjoyahighreputation是强调句，对主语theEQ进行强调。译文：拥有高智商会让一个人得到他想要的，但是其实是情商使他维持自己的地位，并帮助他享有高的声誉。1．答案与解析：D'根据本段第一句“Itisevidentthatsuccessfulpeopletakeinitiative(主动性)．”可知，成功的人往往积极主动，而不是被动接受任务，所以选D项。2．答案与解析：C'根据上文中的“Theyaremotivatedbytheirownsatisfactionandthejoytheygetfromdoingtheirwork.”可知，因为成功人士能够从工作中得到满足和乐趣，所以他们会自己努力，不需要别人监督，故选C项。3．答案与解析：E'根据下文中的“Successfulpeoplepickthemselvesupafterafallandtryagainwithmoredeterminationandmitmentandlearnfromeachfailure.”可知，E项“正是失败教会我们更多，而不是成功”符合语境，故选E项。4．答案与解析：G'根据下文中的“Bygivingrespecttoothers,theymandrespectforthemselves.”可知，G项“成功人士礼貌待人，尊敬他人”符合语境，故选G项。5．答案与解析：A'本段主要讲的是成功人士不抱怨，总是努力解决问题，故选A项作本段的主题句。三、短文改错(2018·临沂模拟)Lastweekend,myparentsandIstartearlytovisitmygrandpainthecountrysidewhereisabout80kmaway.Whenwearrived,wesawsomedisheshadbeenpreparingforus.Mygrandpawasmorethanhappytoseemeorhavedinnerwiththem.Asmygrandpaisagoodcook,soweateupallthedeliciousdishes.Afterdinner,helistenedmyreportaboutthelifeinschool.Hetoldmetotakemoreexercisetostayhealth.Healsotoldmetostudyhardlytogetfurthereducationinakeyuniversitytomakethegreatercontributiontoourmotherland.答案：Lastweekend,myparentsandIeq\o(start,\s\do12(started))earlytovisitmygrandpainthecountrysideeq\o(where,\s\do12(which/that))isabout80kmaway.Whenwearrived,wesawsomedisheshadbeeneq\o(preparing,\s\do12(prepared))forus.Mygrandpawasmorethanhappytoseemeeq\o(or,\s\do12(and))havedinnerwitheq\o(them,\s\do12(us)).Asmygrandpaisagoodcook,weateupallthedeliciousdishes.Afterdinner,helistenedeq\o(∧,\s\do12(to))myreportaboutthelifeinschool.Hetoldmetotakemoreexercisetostayeq\o(health,\s\do12(healthy)).Healsotoldmetostudyeq\o(hardly,\s\do12(hard))togetfurthereducationinakeyuniversitytomakeeq\o(the,\s\do12(a))greatercontributiontoourmotherland.四、短文语法填空Chinesearethefirstpeopletohavetea.Onethousandandtwohundredyearsago，LuYuwroteabookcalled“TheClassicofTea”，1.ishonoredas“TheBibleofTea”．Thebookgivesadetailed2.(explain)oftheorigin，theprocessingskillsandtheclassificationoftea.However，Chineseteaculturegoesfarbeyondtea3.(it)．Takegreenteaforinstance，theidealtemperatureofthewatershouldbearound80degreesCelsius.Ifthewateristoohot，nutrients(营养)inthetea4.(destroy)．Ontheotherhand，ifthewaterisnothotenough，thetea5.(leaf)won'topenandyouwillmissthepleasantlyfreshflavor.SoChinesep