新教材适用2024-2025学年高中英语Unit3SeaExplorationSectionⅣ单元写作夯基提能作业新人教版选择性必修第四册

UNIT3SectionⅣⅠ.阅读理解(2024·山西省名校高二月考)SomewhereneartheNorthPole,inasmalltentonafloatingice,BorgeOusland'ssatellitephonebuzzed.ItwasNovember20,2024,andOusland,theleadingpolarexplorerofhisgeneration,andadventurerMikeHornhadsetouttwomonthsearlierwithangreatgoal:toskiacrossthetopoftheworld.They'dbeenintotalisolation(孤立)eversince,makingtheirway,stepbystep,alongtheincreasinglyfragile(易碎的)icefloatingovertheArcticOcean.Itwasoneofthemostdaringpolarjourneysinhistory—andthemenwereintrouble.Theicewasbreakingaroundthem,openingingapingcracks(裂缝),themostcriticalchallenge.Notasingleshiporfishingboatwasaroundthere.Slowedbythepoorconditions,thesledstheypulledwerenearlyemptyoffood.Horn'sfrostbittenhands,virtuallyuselessinthecold,weredangerouslyinfected.Nowtheirexpedition(探险)manager,LarsEbbesen,wasonthephonefromNorwaywithalifeline.ApassingNorwegianicebreakerhappenedtobeintheseanorthofSvalbardandwouldbrieflybeinpositiontoserveasarefuelingplatformforahelicopter(直升机)toreachthem.Foronedayonly,theycouldberescued.ShouldhegivetheOKtostarttherescue?Ebbesen,whohadworkedwithOuslandforyears,hadneverheardhimsoexhaustedand“intohisresources”．YetthelegendaryArcticstrongman,speakinginawearytone,didnothesitateorconsulthispartner,“No,wewillcontinue.”Newspapersactivelycoveredthemen'sdaringjourneyacrossfrontpagesandTVnewsbroadcastregularupdates.Ousland'ssonwashavingtroublesleepingandtoldreportersthatat57hisfatherwas“notasyoungashewasbefore”．Ousland'smother,whohadneverbeforefelttheneedtocallEbbesenandcheckonhersonduringexpeditions,rangoverandover.Butthetwochosetocontinueandluckilyenoughtheyfinallyarrivedatnorthpoleandattainedenormouspreciousphotosthere.After87daysinArcticisolation,thetwomencamebackanddeliveredatelevisioninterview.Peoplehonouredthemasnationalheroes.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲解并描述了探险家Ousland和Horn不畏艰难险阻勇于挑战自我，去北极探险和摄影的励志故事。1.Whatisakeytroublefacingthetwomen?DA．Theyrunoutoffoodandenergy.B．Horn'shandsweretotallyuseless.C．Theirhealthwasinpoorcondition.D．Floatingicekeptcrackingaroundthem.解析：细微环节理解题。依据第一段“Theicewasbreakingaroundthem,openingingapingcracks(裂缝),themostcriticalchallenge.(他们四周的冰正在裂开，裂开了很多裂缝，这是最严峻的挑战。)”可知，这两个人面临的最主要的麻烦是他们身边正在裂开的浮冰。故选D。2.Whatwouldbesenttorescuethemiftheyhadagreed?AA．Ahelicopter. B．Arescueteam.C．Anicebreaker. D．Afishingboat.解析：细微环节理解题。依据其次段其次句话(一艘路过的挪威破冰船碰巧在斯瓦尔巴特群岛以北的海疆，并将短暂地作为直升机加油平台到达他们。)可知，假如他们同意的话，一架直升机将会前往救援。故选A。3.HowdoesOusland'ssonfeelaboutthejourney?CA．Inspired. B．Satisfied.C．Concerned. D．Interested.解析：推理推断题。依据第三段“Ousland'ssonwashavingtroublesleepingandtoldreportersthatat57hisfatherwas‘notasyoungashewasbefore’．(Ousland的儿子失眠，他告知记者，57岁的父亲‘不像以前那么年轻了’。)”可知，Ousland的儿子对他们的行程特别的担忧。故选C。4.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?CA．PeopleHaveGreatInterestinNorthPoleExpeditionB．TheExplorationConditionsofNorthPoleAreToughC．TwoBraveMenMadeanExcitingTriptotheNorthPoleD．TwoFamousExplorersWereSavedDuringTheirExploration解析：标题归纳题。依据第一段及全文可知，文章讲解并描述了探险家Ousland和Horn不畏艰难险阻勇于挑战自我，去北极探险和摄影的励志故事。所以C选项(两位勇士做了一次激烈人心的去往北极的旅行)作为文章标题最为合适。故选C。Ⅱ.七选五依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(2024·湖南省部分学校高三联考)Workingonshipsisnotaneasytaskanddissatisfactionanddeactivationcaneasilybedevelopedamongseafarersasaresultofvariouskindsofstresses.1.ATherefore,captainshouldtakeadditionalstepsasmentionedbelowtoensurethatallteammembersarecomfortablewitheachotherbothonandoffwork.Themorningmeeting,whichisconductedtoassignworktoteammembers,isthebesttimetogetallthecrewmemberstogether.Itisnecessarythatcrewmemberstalktoeachotherduringsuchmeetings.2.DThisactivitygivesmembersasenseofresponsibilityandimportance.Italsoworksagreatdealinimprovingtheirperformanceandinterpersonalrelationship.On-boardtrainingprogramisyetanotherimportantopportunitytogetcrewmemberstogethertoinstructimportantworkingknowledgeorconductsafetycommitteemeetings.3.FSpendfreetimetogether.Itisoftenseenthatpostworkinghours,officersandcrewmembersspendtimeintheirownroomsinsteadofgettingtogetherinofficesorcrewlounge.Watchingmoviesandplayinggamesinfreetimeisasolidwaytoknoweachotherandbuildgreatrelationshipsbothonandoffwork.4.CPartyisagreatmethodtobondpeopletogetherandimprovescarredrelationshipsonboardships.However,itisnecessarythattheyarearrangedinsuchawaythatmaximumcrewisabletoparticipate.Festivalcelebrationsarealsoagreatwaytoenhanceinterpersonalrelationshipsbetweenpeopleonboard.Theabove-mentionedmethodsaresomeofthemainonesthatareusedonboardtostrengthenrelationshipsonboardships.5.EAnditwouldalsoimproveproductivityandemploymentsatisfaction.A．Duringsuchsituation,itisuptocaptain.B．A“one-man-show”cannotrunthewholeship.C．Everyonelikestopartyandunwindonceinawhile.D．Eachmembershouldbegivenachancetoprovidesuggestions.E．Doingthiswouldensuresmoothandsafeoperationsoftheship.F．Captainshouldarrangethetrainingformaximumcrewmemberstoparticipate.G．Thisisthemostimportantsteptowardsdevelopinginterpersonalrelationshiponboardships.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。介绍了在船上工作时确保全部的团队成员在工作时间和工作之外都能和谐相处的四个有效策略。解析：1．选项中的“Duringsuchsituation”指的是上文船员的状况。依据下文“Therefore,captainshouldtakeadditionalsteps...(因此，船长应当实行额外的步骤……)”可知，船员产生的这种状况，归根结底是由船长负责的。A选项(在这种状况下，该由船长负责。)承上启下。且选项中的captain与下一句主语对应。故选A。2．设空处前后文探讨都是建议船员在morningmeeting中的做法,故设空处内容一样，故D选项(每个成员都应当有机会提出建议。)符合题意。故选D。3．由上文(船上培训支配是另一个重要的机会，让机组人员聚在一起指导重要的工作学问或实行平安委员会会议。)可知，F选项(船长应支配训练以使最多的船员能够参与。)切题。选项中的thetraining指前文的on-boardtrainingprogram。故选F。4．本空在段首，是主旨句。依据内容可知，本段以聚会和节日庆祝为例说明在船上间或聚会和放松一下也可以确保全部的团队成员能和谐相处，C选项(每个人都喜爱间或聚会和放松一下。)切题。且选项中party词汇再现。故选C。5．E选项(这样做可以确保船舶的平稳和平安运行。)承接上文，点明这些方法好处的一方面。同时与下文构成并列关系，引出这些方法好处的另一方面。故选E。Ⅲ.完形填空(2024·山东潍坊一模)AnuarAbdullahisa61-year-olddivinginstructorinMalaysia.Whenheisn't1.Ahe'sbackoutinthewater2.D,studying,andrestoringcoralreefs(珊瑚礁)．Now,asclimatechangebecomesan3.Cthreat,governments,corporations,andothersarecomingtohimfor4.A.Abdullahhasnodegreeinmarinebiologyor5.Btraining—justanamountofexperience.Injustthepastdecade,thousandshave6.Dtohimtolearnhowtogrowcorals,andhenowhasaround700volunteers7.Dandhasalreadyrestoredhundredsofacresofcoralreefs.In2017,Thailand'sgovernmentaskedAbdullahto8.Atherecoveryofoneofitsmostfamoustouristattractions,MayaBay,becauseithad9.Bhalfitscoralpopulation.10.AwerekeptoutofthesiteforthreeyearswhileAbdullahledateamof120peoplein11.Cnewcorals.In2024,afterTyphoonRai,theislandofCebuinthePhilippinesaskedAbdullahtosavewhatwas12.Boftheshoreline'scoralreefs.Andearlierthisyear,Abdullahlaunchedanewefforttobuildtheworld'slargestcoralnurseryintheRedSea.Therewasa13.BonthenurseryattheU．N.climatechangesummit(峰会),COP27,butAbdullahdidnotattend.He14.Dconferences,hesays.Andhehad15.Ctodo.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲的是AnuarAbdullah帮助修复珊瑚礁的事迹。1.A．teaching B．divingC．learning D．reporting解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他不教学的时候，他就会回到水中视察、探讨和修复珊瑚礁。依据上文“a61-year-olddivinginstructor”可知，他教潜水。A．teaching教；B.diving潜水；C.learning学习；D.reporting报道。故选A。2.A．picking B．judgingC．describing D．observing解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。依据下文“studying,andrestoringcoralreefs”可知，当他不教学的时候，他就会回到水中视察、探讨和修复珊瑚礁。A．picking捡；B.judging推断；C.describing描述；D.observing视察。故选D。3.A．early B．artificialC．apparent D．uncertain解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在，随着气候改变成为一个明显的威逼，政府、公司和其他人都向他寻求帮助。依据空后政府、公司和其他人都向他寻求帮助，可知气候改变成为一个明显的威逼。A．early早期的；B.artificial人造的；C.apparent明显的；D.uncertain不确定的。故选C。4.A．help B．moneyC．power D．honor解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。依据上文随着气候改变成为一个明显的威逼，政府、公司和其他人都向他寻求帮助。依据第三段中“...thousandshave6tohimtolearnhowtogrowcorals,andhenowhasaround700volunteers7andhasalreadyrestoredhundredsofacresofcoralreefs.”可知，他知道如何种植珊瑚，人们向他求助。A．help帮助；B.money钱；C.power力气；D.honor荣誉。故选A。5.A．temporary B．formalC．natural D．complex解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Abdullah没有海洋生物学学位，也没有接受过正规培训，只是有肯定的阅历。依据上文“...hasnodegreeinmarinebiologyor...”可知，Abdullah没有接受过正规培训。A．temporary短暂的；B.formal正式的；C.natural自然的；Dplex困难的。故选B。6.A．devoted B．ledC．backed D．traveled解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：在过去的十年里，成千上万的人去他那里学习如何种植珊瑚，现在他有大约700名志愿者在行动，已经复原了数百英亩的珊瑚礁。依据上文“governments,corporations,andothersarecomingtohim...”可知，成千上万的人去他那里学习如何种植珊瑚，traveltosb.意为“去找某人”。A．devoted奉献；B.led引导；C.backed倒退；D.traveled移动，旅行。故选D。7.A．atonce B．atfirstC．indemand D．inaction解析：考查固定短语辨析。句意同上。依据下文“hasalreadyrestoredhundredsofacresofcoralreefs”可知，现在他有大约700名志愿者在行动，已经复原了数百英亩的珊瑚礁。A．atonce立即；B.atfirst起初；C.indemand特别须要的；D.inaction在行动。故选D。8.A．initiate B．evaluateC．highlight D．justify解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：2017年，泰国政府要求Abdullah起先复原该国最闻名的旅游景点之一玛雅湾，因为那里的珊瑚数量已经削减了一半。依据宾语“therecoveryofoneofitsmostfamoustouristattractions,MayaBay”可知，“启动”符合语境。A．initiate启动；B.evaluate评估；C.highlight突出；D.justify为……辩解。故选A。9.A．regained B．lostC．increased D．removed解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。依据上文“therecoveryofoneofitsmostfamoustouristattractions”可知，那里的珊瑚数量已经“失去”了一半，符合语境。A．regained复原；B.lost失去；C.increased增加；D.removed去除。故选B。10.A．Visitors B．ResearchersC．Volunteers D．Officials解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在Abdullah带领120人的团队种植新珊瑚期间，游客被禁止进入该地点3年。设空后的thesite指的是前文的“mostfamoustouristattractions,MayaBay”，故团队修复该地时，visitors(游客)被禁止进入恰当。A．Visitors游客；B.Researchers探讨者；C.Volunteers志愿者；D.Officials官员。故选A。11.A．guarding B．decoratingC．planting D．maintaining解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。依据上文“ithad9halfitscoralpopulation”可知，要修复那个景点就要种珊瑚。A．guarding保卫；B.decorating装饰；C.planting种植；D.maintaining保持。故选C。12.A．hidden B．leftC．preserved D．ruined解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：2024年，台风Rai过后，菲律宾宿务岛要求Abdullah挽救海岸线上仅存的珊瑚礁。依据上文“afterTyphoonRai”可知，挽救海岸线上“剩下的”珊瑚礁，符合语境。A．hidden躲藏；B.left留下；C.preserved保存；D.ruined破坏。故选B。13.A．contest B．presentationC．course D．topic解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在联合国气候改变峰会COP27上有一个关于这个苗圃的报告，但Abdullah没有参与。依据下文“conferences”可知，在联合国气候改变峰会COP27上有一个关于这个苗圃的报告。A．contest竞赛；B.presentation报告；C.course课程；D.topic题目。故选B。14.A．witnesses B．recordsC．schedules D．hates解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：他说，他厌烦开会。依据上文“Abdullahdidnotattend”可知，他厌烦开会。A．witnesses目击；B.records记录；C.schedules支配；D.hates厌烦。故选D。15.A．interviews B．tripsC．work D．trade解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他有工作要做。依据上文“Abdullahdidnotattend”和下文设空处的定语“todo”可知，他没有参与报告会，是因为有工作要做。A．interviews面试；B.trips旅行；C.work工作；D.trade贸易。故选C。Ⅳ.语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Asharkthatwalksinwaterinsteadofswimmingmightsoundlikeacreaturestraightoutofasciencefictionfilm.However,thatisexactly1.howfournewspeciesofsharksmoveacrosstheseafloor.They2.werediscovered(discover)byateamofscientistsduringa12-yearstudy,ledbyDr.ChristineDudgeonfromAustralia'sUniversityofQueensland.Thespecies3.found(find)inthetropicalwatersnearAustraliabelongtotheHemiscyllium,thesamefamilyasthepreviouslyknownfivespecies.Thesharkshaveevolved4.tosurvive(survive)inlow-oxygenenvironments,enablingthemtohuntduringlowtides.Theresearchersholdthebeliefthat5.the/theirabilitytousefinstowalkacrossthewateraffordsthesharksagreatadvantage6.overthesmalleranimalstheyhunt.ADNAanalysisofskinsamplesfromthelivesharksoffers7.evidence(evident)thatwalkingsharksbrokeawayfromtheirglidingbrothersandsisters8.millions(million)ofyearsagoandgraduallybecamea9pletely(complete)differentspecies.Dudgeonandherteambelievewalkingsharksarethe10.youngest(young)kindofsharksonEarth!语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。探讨人员在澳大利亚旁边水域发觉了四个新的鲨鱼物种，这些鲨鱼不是在水中游泳，而是在水底用鳍行走。解析：1．考查名词性从句。然而，那正是这四个新鲨鱼物种在海底移动的方式。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，表示“如何”。故填how。2．考查时态和语态。此处表示过去发生的事情，故用一般过去式；They和discover存在被动关系，故用被动语态。故填werediscovered。3．考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词belongto，此处应填非谓语动词形式；species和find存在逻辑上的动宾关系，且表示动作已经完成，故此处应用过去分词作后置定语。故填found。4．考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词haveevolved,故空处是非谓语动词；依据语境可知，此处表示进化的目的，应用不定式作目的状语。故填tosurvive。5．考查冠词/代词。ability后有定语对其进行说明说明，表示这四个新鲨鱼物种行走的实力，应是特指，要用定冠词the，此处也可用their表示所属关系。故填the/their。6．考查介词。advantage意为“优势”，表示“比……有利”时，advantage后常用介词over。故填over。7．考查名词。设空处作动词宾语，应用名词evidence“证据”，此处evidence是不行数名词。故填evidence。8．考查数词。