（高考英语作文炼句）第1篇译文老师笔记

PAGEPAGE11.为了保证每个学生的受教育权利,当地学校要满足有诵读困难的孩子的特殊教育需求.Withaviewto

guaranteeing

(1.为了保证)everystudent’srightsto

receiveeducation(2.受教育),localschoolsneedto

meetthespecialeducationalneeds

(3.满足特殊教育需求)ofthe

dyslexic

(4.诵读困难的)children.1-withaviewto(doing)something是一个固定表达,含义是"目的是,为了”withtheaimofdoingsomething

目的是,为了•Thesemeasureshavebeentakenwithaviewtoincreasingthecompany'sprofits.采取这些措施的目的是为了增加公司的利润.外刊例句：Chelsea’smissioninthesummerwillbetostrengthenfurther,addingmorehigh-calibreplayerstoanalreadycapablesquad,withaviewto

usingthisseason’ssuccessasaspringboardtorejoiningtheEuropeanelite.(TheGuardian)

可供替换的表达还有：inordertodosomething/withtheaimofdoingsomething注意：withaviewtoguaranteeing

不可以替换成withaviewtoprotecting,因为protect的含义是tomakesurethatsomebody/somethingisnotharmed,injured,damaged,etc.本句是保证需求,因此protect不可与guarantee替换2-

receiveeducation是一个固定搭配,含义是"接受教育”,也可以写成get/haveeducationeducation[ˌed.jʊ'keɪ.ʃən]

noun

[SorU]

ESSENTIAL

■theprocessofteachingorlearninginaschoolor

college,ortheknowledgethatyougetfromthis

教育;受教育获得的知识•Asachildhe

received

mostofhis

education

athome.童年时他主要在家中接受教育.•It'sacountrywhichplacesgreatimportanceon

education.这是个非常重视教育的国家.•Shelecturesin

education

(=thestudyof

education)attheteachertrainingcollege.她在教师培训学院讲授教育学.•It'simportantforchildrentogetagood

education.孩子得到良好的教育是非常重要的.

外刊例句：Ourmainpoint

ofcontactwithhowourchildren

receive

education

isthroughhomework.(TheGuardian)3-

meet/satisfyspecialeducationalneeds,"满足特殊教育需求”.educational

/

ˌedʒuˈkeiʃənl

/

◙

adj.

•connectedwitheducation;providingeducation

•

教育的;有关教育的;有教育意义的：

»childrenwithspecialeducationalneeds

需要特殊教育的孩子

»aneducationalpsychologist

教育心理学家

»aneducationalvisit

教育访问

»educationalgames/toys

(=that

teachyousthaswellasamusingyou)

寓教于乐的游戏/玩具

»Watchingtelevisioncanbevery

educational.

看电视可以使人受到很多教益.

外刊例句：

Numbersof

childrenwith

specialeducational

needs

arerising,partlybecauseofsuccessinkeepingverypremature

babiesalive：lesstimeinthewombmeansmoreproblemsoutsideit.(The

Economist)注意：educational

needs是一个固定搭配,不可以写成educationneeds,也不可以写成educationaldemands4-dyslexic含义是"有读写障碍的,诵读困难的”dyslexic[dɪ'slek.sɪk]

adjective

noun

countable

■(someone)havingdyslexia

有读写障碍的;有读写障碍者外刊例句：

Itwasthoughtthatonly

dyslexicchildren

wereproneto

confusing"b”and"d”,and"p”and"q”,andoccasionallywritingtheirnamesback-to-front,butDrDehaenehasfoundthatallchildrenmakethiserror.(TheEconomist)

可供替换的表达：havedifficultyinreadingandspelling/withdyslexia1.

right的常见搭配是righttodosomething,因此everystudent’srightstoreceiveeducation不可以写成everystudent’srightsofreceivingeducation2.

Q：关于"要”的翻译,应如何区分呢?大部分时候根据句意使用need,但有时也可要用should?这里不甚明晰,望老师指正A：needtodosomething和shoulddosomething在很多情况下可以互换,朗文词典对于needto

dosomething有一个释义为：usedwhensayingthatsomeone

shoulddosomethingorhastodosomething,例如：Ineed

tocatchuponmyofficework.我必须赶赶我的办公室工作了.这个时候句子也可以写成：Ishouldcatchuponmyofficework.

但need

todosomething还有另外一层意思,"想要做某事,需要做某事”(tofeelthat

youwantsomethingverymuch),例如剑桥词典例句：Mostpeople

needtofeelloved.大多数人都需要有被爱的感觉.这个时候句子就不能替换为Most

peopleshouldfeelloved.2.

在数字化革命的年代,一些人认为许多传统学科已经过时了.

Intheageof

(1.在……的年代)digitalrevolution(2.数字化革命),somepeoplebelievethatmany

traditionaldisciplines

(3.传统学科)have

outlivedtheirusefulness(4.过时).

1-intheageofsomething含义是"在……的时代”,例如in

theageoftechnology/theInternet,"在科技时代/在互联网时代”.

aparticularperiodofhistorySYNera：Wearelivingintheageoftechnology.beliveMolecular

biologyispushingmedicineintoanewage.也可以说

inan

eraofsomething,例如：Weliveinaneraof

instantcommunication.

我们生活在一个信息即时交流的时代.外刊例句：Jobswillbelost

intheageof

automationbutthecreativeindustrieswillgrowandtheabilitytoworkwithambiguity,diversityandempathywillbevalued.(TheGuardian)注意：in

theageofdigitalrevolution不能写成inanageofdigitalrevolution

2-digitalrevolution是一个专用名词,即"数字革命”TheDigitalRevolutionisthechangefrommechanicalandanalogueelectronictechnologytodigitalelectronicswhichbegananywherefromthelate1950stothelate1970swiththeadoptionandproliferationofdigitalcomputersanddigitalrecordkeepingthatcontinuestothepresentday.

可参考维基百科解释https：///wiki/Digital_Revolution外刊例句：Whetherthe

digitalrevolution

willbringmass

jobcreationtomakeupforitsmassjobdestructionremainstobeseen.(The

Economist)注意：digital

revolution不能错写成digitalevolution,evolution含义是"进化”,与revolution(革命)不同.此外,也不能写成digitalreform,reform有"改进,改革”的意思,程度比"革命”弱.

3-discipline在这里是指大学的学科、专业.['dɪs.ə.plɪn]

noun

SUBJECT

课程

countable

■aparticularareaofstudy,especiallya

subjectstudiedatacollegeoruniversity

(尤指大学或学院设立的)专业

外刊例句：

Researchcombiningtheexpertisefrom

traditional

disciplines

likephysics,chemistry,mathematicsandcomputingalongwith

theemergingfieldsofgeneticsandbiomolecularsciencesisseenasoneof

themostdynamicareasofscienceoverthenextdecade.(TheGuardian)"传统学科”除了可以说traditionaldisciplines之外,还可以说traditional

school/academicsubjects

4-outliveyourusefulness是一个词组,含义是"不再有价值;已无用”outliveyourusefulness

■tonolongerbeuseful

不再有价值;已没用•Thisoldsystemhas

outlived

itsusefulness.这个老系统已经没用了.外刊例句：Thesmartcityis,tomanyurbanthinkers,justabuzzphrasethathasoutliveditsusefulness：‘thewrongideapitchedinthewrongwaytothewrongpeople’.(TheGuardian)

可供替换的表达还有：benolongeruseful/beout-of-date

/beoutdated注意：outliveyourusefulness不能与beathingofthepast换用,beathingofthepast

表示"不复存在”,如

anewdevicethatmakessuch

problemsathingofthepast

使这类问题不复存在的新装置.本句中学科仍存在,因此不能换用.

Q：Somearguetherearemany

traditionalsubjectsalreadyoutdatedintheageofdigitalrevolution.想请教老师我的句子结构,我的宾语从句用的therebe句型,是否可以?A：句子语法上虽然没有问题,但是太过拖沓,建议在平时写作时尽量减少there

be句型的使用.这里可以改为Somearguemanytraditionalsubjectshave

alreadybeenoutdatedintheageofdigitalrevolution.3.

在电子时代,越来越多的电子游戏被设计出来用于实现教学目的.In

thedigitalage(1.电子时代),

anincreasingnumberof

(2.越来越多的……)videogames

(3.电子游戏)havebeendesignedto

serveeducationalpurposes(4.实现教学目的).

1-digitalage是一个固定表达,含义是"电子时代”.

digitalagenoun

[

singular

]the

\o"present"present

\o"time"time,whenmost

\o"information"informationisina

\o"digital"digital\o"form"form,especiallywhencomparedtothe

\o"time"time

when

\o"computers"computers

werenotused：

Investorsseemunsureaboutthe

\o"long-term"long-term

futureofthemusic

\o"industry"industry

inthe

\o"digital"digital

age.也可以说

inaneraofsomething,例如：Weliveinaneraofinstantcommunication.

我们生活在一个信息即时交流的时代.外刊例句：Astowhethertheworkforcecouldshrinkacrosstheindustry

inthedigitalage,ultimatelygeologistsandengineersbelievetechnologywillnotputthemoutofajob,becauseproducingoilisartaswellasscience.(TheEconomist)注意：digitalage是一个固定表达,不能写成electronicage/electronictimedigitalage前面要加定冠词the,indigitalage要改为inthedigitalage注意：intheageofdigitalrevolution不能写成inanageofdigitalrevolution2-

anincreasingnumberofsomething含义是"越来越多的……”UK

['nʌm.bər]

US

[-bɚ]

noun

AMOUNT

数量

ESSENTIAL

onlysingular

[+sing/plverb]

■anamountortotal

数目;总数•Thenumberofpeoplekilledinroadaccidentsfelllastmonth.上个月,死于交通事故的人数有所下降.•Therehasbeen

an

increasing

number

of

casesofthedisease.患这种病的人数持续上升.外刊例句：Anincreasingnumberof

asylumseekersarebeingreleasedfromdetentionafteralmoststarvingthemselvestodeath,theGuardianhaslearned.(TheGuardian)可供替换的表达：a

growingnumberofsomething/moreandmore/increasingnumbersofsomething

注意：increasing前面的冠词an不能省略,另外不能写成anincreasinglynumberofsomething,increasingly是副词,不能修饰名词.3-

videogames是指"电子游戏”(注意这是一个可数名词,使用时一般要加复数)videogamenoun

countable

ADVANCED

■agameinwhichtheplayercontrolsmovingpicturesonascreenbypressingbuttons

电子游戏

外刊例句：Scaremongeringstoriesabouttheclear-cutnegativeeffectsofvideogamescropupinthenewsfartoooften,butwhenyoustarttodigintotheevidencebehindtheclaims,thestorybecomesmurky.(TheGuardian)

可供替换的表达：electronic/computergames4-

serveapurpose是一个常见搭配,含义是"达到某一目的”,serveeducationalpurposes即"达到教学目的”serveapurpose

■tohaveause

起作用•Thesesmallvillageshopsserveavery

useful

purpose.村里的这些小商店非常有用.外刊例句：Theappsthatwereputontoteacher's

iPadshadbeenthoroughlyresearched,astheappstorecanbeadaunting

placesearchingforappropriateappsfor

educational

purposes.(TheGuardian)我们也可以说

fulfileducationalpurposesQ：句子的时态我用了一般现在时的被动语态,不知道是否可以?A：这里应该使用现在完成时,强调已经发生的事情对现在产生的影响.an

increasingnumberofvideogameshavebeendesignedtoserveeducational

purposes强调越来越多的电子游戏已经被设计出来用于实现教育目的,强调"已经设计出来”这一件事带来的影响.4.那所寄宿学校严格的全日制教育帮助这名女孩在早年培养了独立意识.A

full-timeeducation

(1.全日制教育)inthat

boardingschool

(2.寄宿学校)helps

thisgirl

develop

asenseofindependence

(3.培养独立意识)atanearlyage(4.在早年).

1-full-timeeducation含义是"全日制教育”,常见的搭配为

enter/receive/beinfull-timeeducation•MostchildrenintheUKremainin

full-timeeducationuntiltheyareatleast16yearsold.在英国,大多数孩子至少在16岁之前都要接受全日制教育.外刊例句：Currentlythereisnorequirementtoprovidemothersagedupto16with

afull-timeeducation

iftheycannotattendschooltowardstheendoftheirpregnancyandintheweeksafterthebirth.(TheGuardian)可供替换的表达：full-timeschoolingbepush也可以说

inaneraofsomething,例如：Weliveinaneraofinstantcommunication.

我们生活在一个信息即时交流的时代.注意：intheageofdigitalrevolution不能写成inanageofdigitalrevolution2-boardingschool是一个固定搭配,含义是"寄宿学校”boardingschoolnoun

countable

■aschoolwherestudentsliveandstudy

寄宿学校与之对应的"走读学校”则是dayschooldayschoolnoun

countable

■aprivateschoolwhosestudentsreturnhomeinthe

evening

不供宿的私立学校

外刊例句：

Iadaptedtothe