（高考英语作文炼句）第41篇译文老师笔记

PAGEPAGE11.运动本身提供了一个与其他人社交的绝好机会.比如,人们可以与朋友一起慢跑或者骑自行车,也可在上瑜伽课或者去健身中心时结识新朋友.Exerciseitselfcanprovideanexcellentopportunitytosocializewithothers.Forexample,peoplecan

gojoggingorbikingwithfriends(1.与朋友一起慢跑或骑车),oreven

makenewacquaintances(2.结识新朋友)byjoiningayogaclassora

fitnesscenter(3.健身中心).

1-gojoggingorbikingwithfriends

词典释义：joggingUK

['dʒɒg.ɪŋ]

US

['dʒɑ：.gɪŋ]

noun

uncountable

■theactivityofrunningataslowregularspeed,

especiallyasaformofexercise

慢跑(尤指作为健身锻炼的方式)

•Heusually

goes

jogging

forhalfanhour

beforebreakfast.他通常在早餐前慢跑半小时.

外刊例句：Thebabyboomersmaydobetteryet：today's

middle-agedhavegivenupsmoking,worryabouttheirdietand

gojogging

attheweekend.

()婴儿潮出生的那代人或许做得更好：现在的中年人大多不再抽烟,注意饮食,在周末还去慢跑.

2-makenewacquaintances

词典释义：acquaintance

[ə'kweɪn.tənts]

noun

ADVANCED

countable

■apersonthatyouhavemetbutdonotknowwell

相识的人,熟人;泛泛之交•abusiness

acquaintance在生意上打过交道的人

ADVANCED

uncountable

formal

■usedinsomeexpressionsaboutknowingormeetingpeople

(用在某些表达方式中表示)认识,结识•ItwasattheTaylors'partythatIfirst

madehis

acquaintance

(=firstmethim).我是在泰勒家的聚会上初次和他相识的.•Iwasn'tsureaboutDarrylwhenIfirstmether,but

on

further

acquaintance

(=knowingheralittlemore)Iratherlike

her.第一次遇到达里尔时,我不确定自己对她的观感.但是随着进一步的了解,我很喜欢她.

外刊例句：ButinBrightontheyarenotlosingouton

thatpeculiarlyintimatepracticeofthreestrangerssharingoneseat-

alwaysafunwayto

makenew

acquaintances.()但他们在布莱顿能继续维持那奇异的亲密习俗,即与三个陌生人分享位置,这可是个交朋友的有趣方法.

替换表达：make/meetnewfriends、

3-fitnesscenter

词典释义：fitness

centrenoun

countable

■aplacewhereyougotoexercise,forexamplebylifting

weightsorusingotherequipment

健身中心(一个做健身运动的地方,如做负重运动或使用其他运动器械)

外刊例句：Iftheworldeconomicsystem"goes

sideways,"asMrJohnsonputsit,residentswillretreattotheir

self-sufficientgatedcommunity,wheretheywillenjoyashootingrange,

equestrianfacilities,andspaand

fitness

center.

()正如约翰逊先生所说的,世界经济系统若"拐道而行”,那么市民将退缩回他们能获得自我满足的小区里,他们在那里玩射击游戏,骑马练习,享受按摩和去健身馆健身.

替换表达：gym/fitnessclub

2.适量运动能够缓解潜在的严重精神状况,比如焦虑和消沉.即使是对于心理健康的人,运动也可以帮助他们增强自信心,以及让他们有更多的掌控感.Moderateexercise(1.适量运动)canhelptoalleviatepotentiallyserious

psychologicalconditions(2.精神状况),suchasanxietyanddepression.Evenforthosewhoalreadyenjoygoodmentalhealth,exercisecanstillhelptoboosttheirself-confidenceandgivethem

agreatersenseofcontrol(3.更多的掌控感).

1-moderateexercise

词典释义：moderateadjective

UK

[ˈmɒd.ər.ət]

US

[ˈmɑː.də˞-]

MEDIUM-SIZED

中等的

ADVANCED

■neithersmallnorlargebutbetweenthetwo;clearly

withinthelimitsofarangeofpossibilities

中等的;不过分的,适度的

•moderate

growth/inflation适度的增长／通货膨胀•He'sa

moderate

drinker.他是个饮酒有节制的人.•Thecabinisof

moderate

size-justrightfora

smallfamily.这间小屋中等大小——正适合一个小家庭.•Imposingsanctionsisa

moderate

actionwhenyou

considerthatthealternativeismilitaryintervention.如果考虑到另一选择是军事干预的话,你就会发现实施制裁并不是过分的举措.

外刊例句：Thesecondstudyoflifestyleandcancer,

whichtookdatafrom136,000Americans,foundthatanyonewhoquitssmoking;

doestwoandahalfhoursof

moderate

exercise

aweek.

()关于生活风格和癌症的第二份调查(其数据源于136000名美国人)显示,能戒烟的人一般每周都会做2个半小时适度运动.

替换表达：gentleexercise

学生错误表达：Appropriate/

properexercise点评：这两个表达都不准确,需要改为moderate

/gentleexercise

2-psychologicalconditions

词典释义：psychological

UK

[ˌsaɪ.kəl'ɒdʒ.ɪ.kəl]

US

[-kə'lɑ：.dʒɪ-]

adjective

IMPROVER

■relatingtothehumanmindandfeelings

心理的;心理学的•psychological

problems心理问题•Heclaimsthattheconstantaircraftnoisehasabad

psychological

effectontheresidents.他声称持续不断的飞机噪音给居民造成了不良的心理影响.•Weareconcernedwiththephysicaland

psychological

well-beingofouremployees.我们关心员工的身心健康.■(ofanillnessorotherphysicalproblem)causedbyworry

orsadness

由焦虑(或悲伤)引起的;存在于心理上的•Isuspecthisheadachesarepurely

psychological.我怀疑他的头痛纯粹是心理作用.

condition[kən'dɪʃ.ən]

noun

STATE

状态

ESSENTIAL

[SorU]

■theparticularstatethatsomethingorsomeoneisin

状况;状态•Mum'sstillgotourpram-it'sveryold,butit's

in

perfect

condition.妈妈还留着我们的婴儿车——虽然很旧了,但仍然完好.•Theylefttheflatinaterrible

condition

-there

wasmesseverywhere.他们把公寓房间弄得一团糟——到处一片狼藉.•Thehospitalsayher

condition

(=stateofhealth)

isimprovingslowly.医院说她的健康状况正在慢慢好转.•He's

inno

condition

(=Heistooillortoo

drunk)

to

drivehome.他的状况根本不能自己开车回家.

ADVANCED

countable

■anyofdifferenttypesofdiseases

疾病•tosufferfromaheart/skin

condition患有心脏／皮肤病•amedical

condition内科疾病

外刊例句：Aswithmany

psychologicalconditions,thediagnosisofposttraumaticstress

disorder(PTSD)is,ineffect,aself-diagnosis.

()创伤后应激症与众多心理病一样,事实上都是可以自我检测的.

替换表达：mentalconditions

学生错误表达：mentalstatus点评：status是指"身份,地位”,不能用来指一个人的精神疾病状况.

3-agreatersenseofcontrol

词典释义：sense■ageneralfeeling

orunderstanding

整体感觉;领悟;理解•Didyougetany

sense

ofhowtheymight

react?

你预感他们会作何反应?•Thehelicoptershoveringoverheadaddedtothe

sense

of

urgency.在头顶盘桓的直升机加重了紧迫感.senseoffun

■theabilityto

enjoylifeandnotbetooserious

轻松快乐的天性

•Don'tbeangry-itwasjustajoke-where'syour

sense

offun?别生气——只是个笑话——你乐观的天性哪里去了?senseofhumour

■yourabilityto

understandfunnythings

幽默感•She

has

areallygood

sense

of

humour.她真的很有幽默感.•We

have

thesame

sense

ofhumour.我们有同样的幽默感.•Comeon,lightenup!Where'syour

sense

of

humour?

好了,放轻松点!你的幽默感哪里去了?

外刊例句：Itmaybethrillingbutwhatisneedednowis

agreatersenseofcontrol.

()这或许令人激动,不过现在所需的是更进一步地控制自我.

学生错误表达：morefeeling

ofcontrol点评：feelingof

control应该改为常见说法senseofcontrol,more应该改为great

注意：senseofcontrol前面要加冠词,例如asenseofcontrol/thesenseofcontrolhewants

Q：更多的掌控感可以不用greater用more么?A：senseofcontrol一般不用more来修饰,常见说法是a

great/strong/deep/tremendoussenseofcontrol

3.体育锻炼的价值毋庸置疑.儿童尤其要靠运动保证其身心健康发展,也因此全球各地大部分的中小学都将体育课作为必修课.Thevalueofexerciseis

beyondquestion(1.毋庸置疑).Children,inparticular,relyonphysicalactivitytoensure

thehealthydevelopmentoftheirbodiesandminds(2.身心健康发展),anditisforthisreasonthatmostprimaryandsecondaryschoolsaroundtheworldmakephysicaleducationclasses

compulsory

(3.必修的,强制性的)forstudents.

1-beyondquestion

词典释义：beyondquestion

phrase

if

somethingisbeyondquestion,therearenodoubtsaboutitatall

Herloyaltyisbeyondquestion.

外刊例句：That

"opensource”isagoodwaytomakesoftwareis

beyondquestion.()"开源”是制作软件的好方法,这毋容置疑.

替换表达：beyonddoubt/dispute,withoutdoubt/undeniable

学生错误表达：Isdoubtless点评：doubtless是副词,这里应该改为形容词undeniable,或者词组beyond

doubt/dispute/question

2-thehealthydevelopmentoftheirbodiesand

minds

词典释义：healthy6.ADJ-GRADED

能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词

明智的;聪明的;合理的

Ifyouhavea

healthy

attitudeaboutsomething,youshowgoodsense.

【搭配模式】：oftitv-linkADJto-inf•Shehasarefreshingly

healthy

attitudetowork...她对工作持一种明智态度,令人耳目一新.

•It'svery

healthy

tobeafraidwhenthere'ssomethingtobe

afraidof.不逞匹夫之勇是很明智的.

外刊例句：In1904,thecodeofpublicelementary

educationinstructedteachersto"affordallpupilseveryopportunity

forthe

healthydevelopmentoftheir

bodies,notonlybytrainingtheminappropriatephysicalexerciseand

organisedgames,butinstructingtheminsomeofthesimplerulesof

health".

()在1904,公共基础教育指令教导老师该"给所以孩子提供一切可以健康锻炼身体的机会,不单是要带他们做适当的运动和游戏,还得教导他们一些简单的健康准则.”

3-compulsory

词典释义：compulsory

UK

[kəm'pʌl.sər.i]

US

[-sɚ-]

adjective

ADVANCED

■Ifsomethingiscompulsory,youmustdoitbecauseofa

ruleorlaw

必须做的;强制性的;必修的•Swimmingwas

compulsory

atmyschool.在我们学校,游泳是必修课.•Wearingseatbeltsincarsis

compulsory

bylaw.

坐车系安全带是法律强制规定的.

外刊例句：So,inshort,itwouldbenaturaltoexpect

thatWilsonandTheEconomist—whocountedthemselvesasamongthemost

fanaticalopponentsofgovernmentinterventionin19th-centuryBritain—would

havebeenagainst

compulsory

vaccination.

()简而言之,这因此很自然就会想着,威尔森和经济学人杂志都会反对强制注射疫苗.他们都自诩为19世纪对于政府干预的最狂热反对者.

学生错误表达：(1)compulsive点评：compulsive是指"强迫性的,难控制的(往往是精神病的结果或征兆)”,例如：acompulsiveeatingdisorder强迫性饮食失调症,单词用在语境中不合适,应该改为compulsory(2)essential点评：essential是指"重要的”,但没有表达出"强制”这一层含义.4.大学应该鼓励和促进学生参与体育运动.方法之一是在校园内提供体育和健身设施,例如篮球场和游泳池.这些设施对学生应当是免费开放的,以作为一种对他们健身的附加激励.Universitiesshouldencourageandfacilitatestudentparticipationinsports.Onewaytoaccomplishthisistoprovideon-campussportsand

fitnessfacilities(1.健身设施),suchasbasketballcourtsandaswimmingpool.Thesefacilitiesshouldbeavailable

free-of-charge

(2.免费的)tostudentsasanadditionalincentiveto

stayfit(3.健身).

1-fitnessfacilities

词典释义：facilities

[plural]

IMPROVER

■thebuildings,

equipmentandservicesprovidedforaparticularpurpose

设施;设备•shopping

facilities购物设施•medical

facilities医疗设施•sports

facilities体育设施

外刊例句：Hundredsofcheaper

fitnessfacilities

arepoppingupintheUK–ofteninplaceof

fast-foodrestaurants–andoneinsevenofusisnowasignedupmember.()数百间廉价健身馆在英国涌现(通常在快餐店旁),而且每七个英国人就会有一个人是它们的会员.

学生错误表达：fitting

infrastructures点评：infrastructure是指铁路、公路、银行等基础设施,不可以指健身器材.

2-free-of-charge

词典释义：

freeofcharge

：

withoutcharge

：

atnocost

Heofferedhisservices

free

ofcharge.[=withoutreceivingmoney]

外刊例句：Thatishighwayrobbery,however,bythe

standardsofanewonlinebrokerage,Robinhood,whichenablesclientsto

tradeshares

freeofcharge,viaa

newmobileapp.

()然而,这就新型网上股票手续费的标准而言,简直是"罗宾汉”般的劫富济贫——这个新型移动端应用程序能让客户免手续费交易股票.

替换表达：forfree

3-stayfit注意这里stay是系动词.

词典释义：staysteɪ]

verb

CONTINUE

继续

ESSENTIAL

intransitive

usually+adverborpreposition

[L]

■tocontinuedoing

something,ortocontinuetobeinaparticularstate

继续做;保持•Stay