（高考英语作文炼句）第40篇译文老师笔记

PAGEPAGE11.兼职能让学生更好地了解自己的喜好或是检验一种可能的职业方向.例如,很多大学生做兼职家教.随后,他们当中一些人可能会意识到他们对教学有浓厚的兴趣,并决定在毕业后从事教育领域的工作.Part-timeemploymentcanhelpstudentstobetterunderstandtheirpreferencesorto

testout

(1.检验)apossiblecareerdirection.Forexample,manyuniversitystudentsworkaspart-timetutors.

Subsequently(2.随后),someofthemmayrealizethatthey

haveanavidinterestin

(3.对……有浓厚兴趣)teaching,anddecidetopursueworkintheeducationfieldupongraduation.

1-testout

词典释义：testout6.

IDEA/PLAN

主意/计划

also

testout,tostarttouseanideaor

plantofindoutifitiscorrectoreffective验证;检验：•DrLeesetupa

seriesofexperimentstotestoutthishypothesis.李博士设计了一系列实验来验证这个假设.

外刊例句：Asasecondapproximation,youmaywanttotry

to

testout

aninvestmentstrategy

basedondiscountrates.

()作为这二次估测,你可能想尝试去验证一下那基于折扣率的投资策略.

替换表达：test

2-subsequently

词典释义：subsequently

sub·se·quent·ly/

ˈsʌbsəkwəntlɪ

;

ˈsʌbsəkwəntli

/adverbformal

1.afteraneventinthepast后来,随后,接着：•Thebookwas

subsequentlytranslatedinto15languages.那本书后来被译成了

15种语言.•Subsequently,the

companyfiledforbankruptcy.随后,该公司申请了破产.

外刊例句：Subsequently,

workbecomesthebeallandendall–themostimportantthinginaperson’s

life–andthatisn’thealthy.

()随后,工作就变成了最为重要的东西,即人生命中最重要的东西,这种发展可不健康.

替换表达：later/lateron

学生错误表达：Afterwards点评：afterwards是指某件事结束之后不久立即接上下一件,如果中间有比较长的间隔,应该用lateron/subsequently,例如：OnSaturday

morningIwenttoseeAdrianinhospital.

Afterwards

Idroveintotowntodosomeshopping.

我们不能说：Westarted

goingouttogetherjusttohavefun,asfriends.Afterwardswebothrealized

thattherewasmorethanjustfriendship.而要说：Westartedgoing

outtogetherjusttohavefun,asfriends.

Lateron

webothrealizedthattherewasmorethanjust

friendship.

3-haveanavidinterestin

词典释义：avid['æv.ɪd]

adjective

■extremelyeagerorinterested

渴望的;急切的;热衷的;干劲十足的•an

avid

football

fan狂热的足球球迷•an

avid

supporter

ofthearts艺术活动的热心支持者•Hetookan

avid

interest

intheproject.他对这个企划案产生了极大的兴趣.•formal

She

hadn'tseenhimforsixmonthsandwas

avid

for

news.她已六个月未曾见到他,正望穿秋水地盼着他的音讯.

外刊例句：This

avidinterest

suggestsdemandfor

theNanowilloutstripsupplyforthefirstyearortwo.()这种强烈兴趣暗示了,Nano将在一两年内供不应求.

替换表达：have/takeadeep/keeninterestin,haveapassionfor

Q：不太明白test和test

out的区别在哪里?A：testout和test意思是相同的,在这里都可以用.

2.在很多情况下文凭是被雇用的必要而非充分条件.很多公司在选择应聘者过程中,不仅仅考虑学术成就,还有考虑课外活动甚至是来自教授的推荐信.Inmanycases,adiplomais

anecessarybutnotsufficientcondition(1.必要而非充分条件)forbeinghired.Inselectingcandidates,companiesusuallyconsidernotonly

academicdistinction

(2.学术成就)butalsoparticipationinextracurricularactivitiesandeven

lettersofreference

(3.推荐信)fromprofessors.

1-anecessarybutnotsufficientcondition

词典释义：necessary['nes.ə.ser.i]

adjective

ESSENTIAL

■neededinordertoachieveaparticularresult

必需的,不可或缺的•Helacksthe

necessary

skillsforthejob.他不具备做这项工作所需的技能.•Idon'thavemuchtimesoIwon'tbestayinganylonger

than

necessary.我时间不多,所以若非必要我不会逗留.•Justdowhat's

necessary

andthenleave.做完必要的事情就走吧.•If

necessary,

wecanalwayschangethedatesofourtrip.必要的话,我们随时可以改变旅行的日期.•Is

itnecessary

for

allofus

to

be

presentatthemeetingthisafternoon?

我们必须全体出席今天下午的会议吗?•Wedon'twanttotakeanymoreluggagewithusthanis

strictly

necessary.除了不可或缺的行李以外,我们不想带多余的东西.

sufficient2.ADJ

形容词

(理由、条件)充足的,充分的

Ifsomethingisa

sufficient

cause

orconditionforsomethingtohappen,itcanhappen.

【搭配模式】：ADJn

【语域标签】：FORMAL正式•Disciplineisanecessary,butcertainlynota

sufficient

conditionforlearningtotakeplace.纪律是有必要的,但绝对不是保证学习成效的充分条件.

外刊例句：Leaving

theGazaStripis

anecessarybutnot

sufficientcondition

toestablishpeace.()从加沙地带撤离是缔结和平的必须步骤,但仍未足以实现和平.

2-academicdistinction

词典释义：academic[ˌæk.ə'dem.ɪk]

adjective

STUDYING

学习的

IMPROVER

■relatingtoschools,collegesanduniversities,or

connectedwithstudyingandthinking,notwithpracticalskills

学校的,学院的;学术的•academic

subjects/qualifications/books学科／学历／学术书籍•an

academic

institution学术机构•the

academic

year(=thetime,usuallyfromSeptember

toJune,duringwhichstudentsgotoschoolorcollege)学年•academic

standards学术水准

distinction2.N-UNCOUNT

不可数名词

卓越;杰出;优秀

Distinction

isthequalityofbeingverygoodorbetterthanotherthingsof

thesametype.

【语域标签】：FORMAL正式•Lewisemergesasacomposerof

distinction

andsensitivity.刘易斯作为一位悟性很高的优秀作曲家崭露头角.

•...piecesoffurnitureof

distinction.一件件精美家具

外刊例句：Afocusonthe

academicdistinction

betweenreligionandraceisoftenusedasa

figleafforprejudiceandoutrightbigotry.

()对于宗教和民族间的学术成就的聚焦,常常成了掩盖偏见和赤裸的偏执信念的"无花果叶”.

替换表达：academicachievement/success

3-lettersofreference

词典释义：referenceUK

['ref.ər.ənts]

US

[-ɚ-]

noun

LETTER

信件

ADVANCED

countable

■aletterthatis

writtenbysomeonewhoknowsyou,todescribeyouandsayifyouaresuitable

forajoborcourse,etc

推荐信;介绍信•Myoldheadteachersaidhewould

write/give

mea

glowing(=verygood)

reference.我以前的中学校长说他会为我写一封很好的推荐信.

外刊例句：Heddhasuncoveredcandidateswhohave

supportedtheirclaimswithfakedegreecertificatesandofficial-looking

lettersofreference.

()英国高等教育学位检验机构(Hedd)揭露了某些以假学历证明和假官方推荐信来为自己论调背书的候选人.

替换表达：aletterofrecommendation/references

Q："推荐信”的表达lettersof

reference,前面的lettersof可否去掉?A：可以,这里写成references也没问题.

Inselectingcandidates,companiesusually

considernotonlyacademicdistinctionbutalsoparticipationin

extracurricularactivitiesandevenlettersofreferencefrom

professors.

【分析】本句是一个主谓宾结构,其主语是companies,谓语是consider,宾语共有三个,前两个宾语是academicdistinction和participation,由并列连词notonly…butalso连接,最后一个宾语是lettersofreference,由连词and与前面两个宾语相连.句首Inselectingcandidates是一个介词短语,作状语.

3.很多学生意识到的一个事实是,随着越来越多的人拥有研究生学历,雇主们开始重新评估学历本身的价值了.公司越来越想雇用具有最相关的技能和经验的学生,而不一定是雇用学历最高的学生.Manystudentsareawareofthefactthat,withgrowingnumbersofgraduatedegreeholders,employershavebegunto

reappraise(1.重新评估)thevalueofanacademicdiploma

perse(2.本身).Increasingly,companiesprefertohirestudentswiththemostrelevantskillsandexperience,and

notnecessarily

(3.不一定)theonewiththehighestdegree.

1-reappraise

词典释义：reappraise

1.VERB

动词

重新估计;重新评价

Ifyou

reappraise

somethingsuchasanideaoraplan,youthinkcarefullyaboutit

anddecidewhetheritneedstobechanged.

【语法信息】：Vn

【语域标签】：FORMAL正式•Itdidnotpersuadethemtoabandonthewarbutitdid

forcethemto

reappraise

theirstrategy.那并没有说服他们放弃战争,但的确迫使他们重新评估了自己的战略.

外刊例句：Heisinhisfortiesnow,anagethatCarl

Jungbelievedtobethe"noonoflife”,whenmen,inparticular,

reappraise

pastachievementsandlook

fornewwaystomakeacontribution.

()他现在已四十岁了,这是荣格所认为的"生命盛时”阶段,在这时,男性尤其得重新评估其前半生成就,寻找新途径来为社会做贡献.

替换表达：reassess/re-evaluate

2-perse

词典释义：perseformal

adverb

■byorofitself

自身,本身

•Researchshowsthatitisnotdivorcepersethatharms

children,butthecontinuingconflictbetweenparents.研究显示,对孩子造成伤害的不是离婚本身,而是父母间持续的冲突.

外刊例句：Intheaftermathofthe2008financialcrisis,

itwasawayofassigningresponsibilityforthedebacle,nottoapolitical

party

perse,buttoan

establishmentthathadconcededitsauthoritytothemarket.

()在2008年金融危机的余波中,这种方式无异于把引发灾难的责任置于一个已经"臣服”于市场的机构,而非其政党本身.

替换表达：itself

学生错误表达：It点评：这里应该用反身代词itself,或者词组perse

3-notnecessarily

词典释义：notnecessarily

phrase

1.

notalways,ornotin

everysituation

Individualsymptomsarenotnecessarilytypicalofthe

disease.

Headingswithinthetextshouldbeboldbutnotnecessarily

bigger.

Ourclientswon’tnecessarilyunderstandwhyweareraisingourprices.

外刊例句：We'vebeeninagradualwarmingtrendsince

theendingofthe"LittleIceAge"inabout1870,andclimate

changeisperfectlynaturaland

not

necessarily

bad.()自"小冰河期”于1870年左右结束以来,世界就经历着逐渐缓慢的趋势,而气候变化也十分自然,不一定就很糟糕.

学生错误表达：insteadof/

ratherthantheonehavingthehighestdiploma.点评：insteadof/

ratherthan在这里的意思是"而不是”,语气过于绝对,这与原文意思有偏差,可以改为not

necessarilytheonehavingthehighestdiploma

Q：请问withgrowingnumbersof

graduatedegreeholderswith的用法是由于还是随着呢?A：这里with的用法是"随着”的意思.

Q：请问范例最后的theone是指thestudent,还是thestudents?A：theone是指thestudent

Manystudentsareawareofthefactthat,with

growingnumbersofgraduatedegreeholders,employershavebegunto

reappraisethevalueofanacademicdiplomaperse.

【分析】本句是一个主谓宾结构,其主语是Manystudents,谓语是areawareof,宾语是thefactthat…,其中由that引导了一个同位语从句,修饰thefact.在that同位语从句中,withgrowingnumbersofgraduatedegreeholders是介词短语作伴随状语,employers作主语,havebeguntoreappraise作谓语,thevalueofanacademicdiplomaperse作宾语.

4.通过生活在不同的城市或国家,我们能获得语言和文化的多样性能力.这种能力是越来越多雇主所需要的,而且他们愿意为此付出更多薪水.即使是那些曾经生活在不同地方但只能说一种语言的人,也由于他们的适应能力和对跨文化差异的敏感性而变得更有市场.Bymovingaroundtodifferentcitiesorcountries,wecangainthe

linguisticandculturalversatility(1.语言和文化的多样性能力)thatmoreandmoreemployersdemandandforwhichtheyarewillingto

payapremium(2.付出额外的钱).Eventhosewhohavemovedaroundbutremain

monolingual(3.只能说一种语言的)willbemore

marketable

(4.有市场的)asaresultoftheiradaptabilityandcross-culturalsensitivity.

1-linguisticandculturalversatility

词典释义：linguistic

[lɪŋ'gwɪs.tɪk]

adjective

■connectedwithlanguageorthestudyoflanguage

语言的;语言学的•I'mparticularlyinterestedinthe

linguistic

developmentofyoungchildren.我对幼儿语言能力的发展尤其感兴趣.

versatileityEtymology：

French

versatilité,

from

versatile

+-ité

-ity

：

thequalityorstateofbeingversatile

<amanofgreat

versatility,anexplorerin

allthesciencesunderlyingagriculture

—

R.H.Chittenden>

<ametalvaluedforits

versatility

>

外刊例句：Asamotiongraphicdesignerworkinginfilm,

Icanappreciatethattherapidevolutionand

versatility

ofdigitalhasrevolutionisedfilm-making,butasan

artistpassionateaboutcraft,I’mreassuredfilmstillhasitsplaceand

holdsitsown.

()数码技术飞快发展,已能应付各种工作,极大改革了电影制作,而我作为一名电影图像设计师,对此表示赞赏,不过若作为电影工艺制作爱好者而言,我相信传统电影还是能有一席之地的.

学生错误表达：diversity

abilityoflanguageandculture点评：diversity是名词,不能修饰ability,而且ability后面的介词应该是in,而不是of,这里可以改为multiple

abilitiesinlanguagesandculture

2-payapremium

词典释义：premium['pri：.mi.əm]

noun

EXTRA

额外的

ADVANCED

countable

■anamountwhichismorethanusual

奖金,津贴;加价;附加费•We'rewillingtopaya

premium

forthebest

location.为了得到最好的地段,我们愿意多付些钱.•Becauseoftheirlocation,theseoffices

attract

a

premium.由于地段好,这些办公室租金更高.•Themodifiedcarsareavailable

at

a

premium

of

5%

over

theoriginalprice.改装后的汽车的售价要比原价高5%.•Thebusyshopper

puts

a

premium

on

(=

appreciatesandwillpaymorefor)findingeverythinginonebigstore.时间有限的购物者若能在一家大商店买齐所有的东西,就算价钱高一点也是愿意的.

外刊例句：Apple'sformulasoundssimple：keeppeople

happyto

payapremium.Butitis

atrickthatisfarfromsimpletopulloff.

()苹果的方案听起来很简单：让人们开心,从而更多点钱.不过这招数要用起来可就难得很了.

替换表达：payextramoney

3-monolingual

词典释义：monolingual

UK

[ˌmɒn.əʊ'lɪŋ.gwəl]

US

[ˌmɑ：.noʊ-]

adjective

■speakingorusingonlyonelanguage

只使用一种语言的,单语的•Thisisa

monolingual

dictionary.这是一本单语词典.

外刊例句：The

monolingual

Brit