2022高考英语一轮复习Module1BritishandAmericanEnglish学案必修5

Module1BritishandAmericanEnglish一、背单词与词块(一)背阅读单词——会认就行(背诵时遮住右侧汉语，先自主翻译，后比对词义)1．linguistn． 语言学家2．motorwayn. (英)高速公路3．undergroundn. (英)地铁4．subwayn. (美)地铁5．flashlightn. (美)手电筒；火把6．queuevi. (英)排队(等候)7．settlern. 移民；定居者8．satelliten. 卫星(二)背重点单词——写对才行1．accentn. 口音2．switchn. 开关3．rapidlyadv. 迅速地4．attemptn. 努力；尝试5．distinctiveadj. 与众不同的6．lookn. 外观；外表；样子7．criticisevt. 批评8．standardadj. 标准的(三)背拓展单词——用准才行1．obviousadj.显然的，显而易见的→obviouslyadv.显然地2．confusevt.使困惑→confusingadj.令人困惑的；难懂的→confusedadj.感到困惑的→confusionn．困惑3．parevt.比较→parisonn．比较4．varyv．改变→varietyn．种类→variousadj.各种各样的→variationn.变化5．remarkn．评论；讲话→remarkableadj.显著的；非凡的6．steadyadj.持续的→steadilyadv.不断地；持续地7．announcev．声明；通知→announcementn．声明；宣告8．addvt.加；增加→additionn．增加；增加物9．simpleadj.简单的→simplyadv.简单地；仅仅→simplifyvt.简化10．differvi.不同，有区别→differencen．不同；区别→differentadj.不同的，有区别的11．binev．结合；联合→binationn．组合；结合12．referv．参考；查阅→referencen．参考；查阅13．presentvt.陈述；提出(观点、计划等)→presentationn.展示；呈现[语境活用]1．Howtoremovetheconfusioninhismindisaproblemthathasconfusedhimalot.(confuse)2．Heseldommakesremark,_butifhedoesso,hewouldmakeitremarkable.(remark)3．Oureconomyhasbeenincreasingsteadilyformanyyears,andthesteadyimprovementisduetothesolidleadershipofourparty.(steady)4．Whenaskedhowhesimplifiedallthoseplicatedprocedure,hesimplysays,“Carryon.”(simple)5．Actually,therearesomedifferencesbetweenChinesecultureandforeignculture,butthelovebetweenpeoplewillneverdifferfromcountrytocountry.(differ)6．Leavesarefoundonvarietiesoftrees,andtheyvarygreatlyinsizeandshape.(vary)(四)背高频单词——先“记牢”再“用活”，不背绝对不行1．confusingadj.令人困惑的；难懂的背词条用法(1)confuseAwith/andB把A和B混淆(2)be/get/beeconfusedwith/about对……感到困惑(3)inconfusion处于混乱状态；困惑地背写作佳句①Thereisalotofjobinformationonline,buttoomuchofitmaysometimesbeconfusing.网上有很多工作信息，但太多的信息有时会让人困惑。②Ialwaysconfuseyouwith/andyoursister—youlooksoalike.我总是把你和你妹妹搞混了，你们长得太像了。③Somethingunexpectedthrowsmyparents’routineintoconfusion.一些意想不到的事情使我父母的日常生活陷入混乱。2．presentvt.陈述，表达；呈现，展现；赠送；颁发；提交，提出(观点、计划等)adj.出席的，在场的；现在的，目前的n．礼物；赠品；现在背词条用法(1)presentsb.withsth.向某人赠送某物presentsth.tosb.赠送某人某物(2)bepresentat出席……(3)atpresent＝atthepresenttime目前；现在背写作佳句①Iameagertoreadyouropinionaboutthebestpresentyouhavereceivedorsent.我很想听听你对你收到或送出的最好礼物的看法。②TheprizesaretobepresentedtothewinnersonJune18thfrom3pmto5pm.奖品将于6月18日下午3时至5时颁发给获奖者。③(2018·北京高考书面表达)Inordertosatisfytheircuriosity,Imadeapresentationonhowtomaketea.为了满足他们的好奇心，我做了一个关于如何泡茶的报告。3．attemptn．努力；尝试；企图vt.尝试；企图背词条用法(1)makeanattempttodo/atdoingsth.试图做某事atone’s/thefirstattempt第一次尝试、(2)attempttodo/atdoingsth.试图做某事背写作佳句①HeisdeterminedtopasstheoralEnglishinterviewathisfirstattempt.他决心第一次就通过英语口语面试。②Themanisbeingquestionedinrelationtotheattemptedmurderlastnight.那人正在就昨晚的谋杀未遂案接受讯问。③(2019·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)HearingyouarehostingaChinesepaintingexhibition,Iattempttoapplytobeavolunteerfortheevent.得知你们要举办中国画展览，我试图申请成为这次活动的志愿者。(五)背短语词块——表达出彩，需多积词块才行eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)单元短语再认再现1．have_..._in_mon 有相同的特点2．make_a_difference 有影响，使不相同3．get_around 四处走动(旅行)4．be_similar_to 与……相似5．lead_to 引起；导致6．in_favour_of 同意；支持7．refer_to_...as_... 称……为……8．thanks_to 多亏，幸亏eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)重点短语拓展用活1．makeadifference有影响；使不相同；起作用背相关短语makeaface做鬼脸makeamistake犯错误makearule制定一个规则makeanapology道歉makeanappointment预约背写作佳句①IhopeIcanmakegreatprogresseverydayhereandmakeadifferenceinthefuture.我希望我能在这里每天都取得很大的进步，在未来有所作为。②ImadeaphonecalltoMrLitomadeanappointmentwithhimyesterday.昨天我给李先生打了个，和他预约好了。2．leadto引起；导致；通向背相关短语(1)leadsb.to＋n.带领某人去/进入……leadsb.todosth.使某人做某事(2)leada...life过着……的生活leadtheway引路，带路背写作佳句①ItisunbelievablethatMrLucasleadsasimplelifedespitehisgreatwealth.令人难以置信的是，卢卡斯先生虽然很富有，却过着简朴的生活。②Asisknowntousall,successliesinhardworkwhilelazinessleadstofailure.众所周知，成功源于勤奋，而懒惰导致失败。二、背佳句与佳作(一)背写作佳句——多“输入”才能巧“输出”eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)教材内句式举一反三1．Americansuseaflashlight,whilefortheBritish,it’satorch.(while用作并列连词)美国人把手电筒称为flashlight，而英国人叫它torch。佳句①(2019·江苏高考书面表达)LiJiangsuggeststraditionalChineseclotheswhileSuHuathinkstheschooluniformsaremoresuitable.李江建议穿中国传统服装，而苏华认为校服更合适。佳句②Girlsinourschoolarefondoflisteningtopopsongs,whiletheboyslikeDJmusic.我们学校的女孩喜欢听流行歌曲，而男孩喜欢DJ音乐。2．ALondonerhasmoredifficultyunderstandingaScotsmanfromGlasgowthanunderstandingaNewYorker.[havedifficulty(in)doingsth.意为“做某事有困难”]伦敦人要听懂来自格拉斯哥的苏格兰人说话比听懂纽约人说话更难。佳句①IhavegreatdifficultyinunderstandingtheEnglishnovel,letaloneenjoyingit.我很难理解这本英文小说，更不用说欣赏它了。佳句②Ourteacherwantstoknowwhetherwehavetroublelivinginthisnewschool.我们的老师想知道我们在这所新学校生活是否有困难。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)同主题佳句熟读成诵1．WearesupposedtolearnEnglishwellbecausehavingagoodmandofEnglishmeansmoreopportunitiesinthefuture.我们理应学好英语，因为精通英语意味着在将来有更多的机会。2．BylearningEnglishwecanbroadenourhorizonsandincreaseourknowledgeinvariousfields.通过学英语我们能够开阔视野，增加我们在各个领域的知识。3．KeepingadiaryinEnglishisoneoftheeffectivewaystoimproveourEnglishwritingability.用英语写日记是提高我们的英语写作能力的有效途径之一。(二)背满分作文——好习作就靠“仿效”和“背诵”本辑学点——推荐信(一)[题目要求]假定你是李华，你的朋友Vincent发邮件告诉你他要和家人来中国旅行，希望你能给他推荐一些有特色的旅游景点。请你回复邮件，内容包括：1．推荐的景点及原因；2.良好的祝愿。注意：1.词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。[背范文]DearVincent，Learningfromyourlastemailthatyou’llpayavisittoChinawithyourfamily,I’mmorethandelightedtoremendalistoftouristattractionstoyouindetail.Astheoldsayinggoes,“OnewhofailstoreachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.”Asoneoftheworldwonders,theGreatWallisregardedasthesymbolofChina,whichyoucan’taffordtomiss.Additionally,withahistoryofhundredsofyears,theSummerPalacereflectstypicalancientChinesearchitecturalartandwisdom.VisitingitbyyourselfisboundtogreatlyIsincerelyhopethatmyremendationcanbeofsomehelptoyou.MayyouallhaveagoodtimeduringyourstayinChina!Iftherestillexistfurtherquestions,pleasecontactmewithouthesitation.Yours，LiHua[学亮点]1．学谋篇布局2．学亮丽开头开头首先用Learningfromyourlastemailthat表明了写信的背景，然后引出“推荐旅游景点”这一写信目的。表述自然流畅，用morethandelighted更是体现推荐的心情之热烈。3．学高级表达(1)使用高级词汇和语块，如：alistoftouristattractions,thesymbolof,withahistoryof,reflect,beboundto,promote,beofsomehelp等。(2)熟练使用高级句式，如：现在分词短语作状语Learningfromyourlastemailthatyou’llpay...；非限制性定语从句Astheoldsayinggoes和whichyoucan’taffordtomiss；动名词短语作主语Visitingitbyyourself；条件状语从句Iftherestillexistfurtherquestions等。(3)恰当运用了谚语，如：OnewhofailstoreachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.这为文章增添了亮点，提升了文章的档次。4．学精彩结尾结尾先用Isincerelyhopethat...表达希望自己的推荐能使对方满意。接着用感叹句Mayyouallhaveagoodtime...！表达了祝愿。最后用一个条件状语从句表达了愿意帮助对方的心情。总之，尾段从字里行间，让对方能深刻感受到真挚与热情。5．防微点失分考生容易把“Asoneoftheworldwonders...”中的wonders误用成wonder，或容易忽略主谓一致把“Iftherestillexistfurtherquestions...”中的exist错用成exists，从而导致失分。学案(一)重点单词的查漏补缺——打牢必备知识[全面练——练清易错微点]Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Dowehavetolowerourexpectationandourstandard(标准)ofliving?2．Asamatteroffact,hecan’thidehisheight,norhisRussianaccent(口音，腔调)．3．Eveninthesameorsimilar(相似的)cultures,therecanbesignificantmisunderstandings.4．AlthoughIwasboilinginside,inpublicIdefendedthenewstructure(机构)．5.Agriculturehasdevelopedrapidly(迅速地),thusprovidinglightindustrywithamplerawmaterials.Ⅱ.根据语境写出加蓝部分的汉语意思1．Forastandardlaboratory,avariationof±0.5Fmaybeunacceptable. 变化2．He’sthemanager’ssonbutthatdoesn’tqualifyhimtocriticisemywork. 批评，指责3．(熟词生义)Thenurseryteamswitcheshimeveryfewdayswithhissister. 和……换班4．(熟词生义)ThePresidentagreed,addingthathehopedforpeacefulsolution.补充说5．(熟词生义)(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)I’vegottoproducethisproductandthen,attheendoftheyear,presentittoNASA. 提交6．(熟词生义)Thebookwillbeeastandardusefulreferenceoneverymanager’sbookshelf. 受欢迎的Ⅲ.单句语法填空1．You’reobviously(obvious)worriedaboutsomething,whynotgetitoffyourchest?2.Inmanypartsoftheworldnowadays,thefarmlaborforceisrunningdownsteadily(steady)．3．Thegovernment’sannouncement(announce)isseenasamovetowardssettlingthestrike.4.Itisbelievedthatthejewelryshopprovidesgold,silverandjewelryatfavorable(favor)prices.5．Therearevarioustoys,andvaryinprices.(vary)6．Hemadesimpleremarksonherremarkableachievements.(remark)名师点拨“一站清”(1)“迅速地”集合：rapidly,quickly，fast，swiftly，suddenly，atfullspeed(飞速)。(2)“稳定地”拓展：steadily,stably,solidly。(3)“偏爱(favor)”用法：可用作名词：赞同，偏袒，喜爱；也可用作动词：偏袒，较喜欢。拓展的形容词有：favorable(有利的，赞成的，讨人喜欢的)；favourite(特别喜爱的)，后者无最高级形式。[重点练——深化高频考点]1．confusing[明其义]adj.令人困惑的；难懂的[通其用](1)单句语法填空①Iwouldoftengetconfused(confuse)whenIcameacrossnewwordswithasimilarspelling.②Therewasaconfusedlookonhisfacewhenhemetwithaconfusingproblem.(confuse)③Toavoidconfusion(confuse),pleasewritethechildren’snamesclearlyonalltheirschoolclothes.(2)补全句子④(2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)LearningthatyouareabouttopayavisittoaChinesefriendandconfused_about_the_Chinese_customs,_Iamwritingtoputforwardsomeadvice.得知你即将拜访一位中国朋友，并对中国的风俗感到困惑，我写信是想提出一些建议。[解其困]v．­ing形式的形容词意为“令人……的”；v.­ed形式的形容词表示“人”所处的状态，意为“感到……的”。另外，修饰face,look,expression,voice等时，常用v.­ed形式的形容词。2．present[明其义]vt.陈述，表达；呈现，展现；赠送；颁发；提交，提出(观点、计划等)adj.出席的，在场的；现在的，目前的n．礼物；赠品；现在[通其用](1)写出下列各句中present的词性和含义①(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ写作)AndIhopethatallofyouwillbepresentthereontime.adj.到场的②Personally,Ithinkthebestpresentisnotnecessarilythemostexpensiveone.n. 礼物③Giftsarepresentedtoeveryonewhoesintothestoretobuyourgoods.vt. 赠送④Classicworks,writtenbymasters,presentgreatthoughtsthroughfascinatingstoriesandlanguage.vt. 表达⑤Andthosewholookonlytothepastorthepresentarecertaintomissthefuture.n. 现在(2)单句语法填空/补全句子⑥Todowhatyoushoulddoatpresentisthekeytosuccess.⑦Howyoureadthe_present_situationisessentialwhendesignthesolutions.在设计解决方案时，如何看待当前的形势至关重要。[解其困]present用作形容词，表示“出席的，在场的”时，通常作表语或后置定语；表示“现在的，目前的”时，常用作前置定语。3．attempt[明其义]n．努力；尝试；企图vt.尝试；企图[通其用](1)单句语法填空①Theboysmadeanattempttoleaveforcampingbutwerestoppedbytheirparents.②Foryearsresearchershaveattemptedto_show(show)thattelevisionisdangeroustochildren.③Hedeniesattempting(attempt)tomurderhiswifebutit’snouse.(2)补全句子④Don’texpecttopassthedrivingtestat_your/the_first_attempt.Afterall,you’vebeenlearningtodriveforonlyacoupleofdays.不要期望第一次尝试就通过驾驶测试，毕竟，你学开车只学了几天。[解其困]attempt/trytodosth.“试用/努力做某事”；managetodosth.“设法做成某事”；succeedindoingsth.“成功地做某事”。学案(二)词块、句式的活学活用——强化关键能力[词块的验收盘点]Ⅰ.词块点点练——选词填空have...inmon，makeadifference，getaround，besimilarto，leadto，infavourof，referto...as...，thanksto，stepbystep，makeanattemptto1.Ifyouwanttoobtainknowledge,youmustlearnstep_by_step.2．OurEnglishteachercantellushowwecanmake_a_differencerightnowatclass.3．Pleaseehereearlierandseewhatyouandthescientisthave_in_mon.4．Hewantstobeadmittedbythepanywhichhasmade_an_attempt_tobreakintotheAmericanmarket.5．Itwasanabsurdarrangement,andboundtolead_tocatastrophe.6.IstillconstantlyrecalltheexperiencewhenIstoppedthecarveryquicklythanks_tothegoodbrakes.7.Ifyouwanttomakeitausefultrip,get_aroundandmakesomefriends.8．Whenthehousewasbuilt,thosewhohavesometemptinanyway,likedtorefer_toitasa“perfect.”9．Thereisneedofastrongpublicopinionin_favour_oflibertyitself.10．Letussupposeanotherplanetwithconditionsthatare_similar_tothoseontheearth.名师点拨“一站清”(1)stepbystep“逐步地”。关于step的其他短语：stepby“走过”；stepin“介入，干预”；takesteps“采取措施”；stepout“走出去”；stepback“后退”。(2)thanksto“多亏了，由于”，与此意思相近的短语还有：onaccountof,becauseof,resultfrom,owingto,dueto等。(3)getaround“到处走走，传开”，其中，get可作系动词。其他既可以作实义动词，还可作系动词的词还有：appear“出现/显得”；go“去/变得”；prove“证明/证明是，结果是”；grow“成长/变得”；e“来/变得”；run“跑/运行”；fall“降落/进入某种状态，开始变成”。Ⅱ.易错对对碰——辨析比较leadtoVSbringaboutVSresultinVScausedby比较①Itisfoundoutthatoneinsevenaccidentsis_caused_bysleepydrivers.②Smokingwillbring_aboutlotsofbadresultswhichmaycausecancer.③Thereisahighwaybehindmyvillage,whichcanlead_toPekingintheend.④Suchawarcouldresult_intheuseofchemicalandbiologicalweapons.辨清leadto“通往，导致”；bringabout“引起，带来”；resultin“导致”；causedby“被……造成”。[句式的验收盘点]havedifficulty(in)doingsth.意为“做某事有困难”[通其用]补全句子①Theyhaddifficultyinworking_out_the_difficult_math_problems.他们在解这些数学难题时遇到了困难。②Ihavesometroublein_reading_her_handwriting.我认出她的笔迹有些困难。③Wehadnotrouble(in)_finding_his_house.我们没费力就找到了他的家。④Mariahas_much_trouble_understanding_math,_sosheoftenaskshermathteacherforhelp.玛丽亚很难理解数学，所以她经常请求数学老师帮助。[解其困]用法规则(1)difficulty前可用great,much,some,any,no,little等词修饰。(2)havedifficulty/trouble/problems/ahardtimewithsth.“在某事上有难处”。(3)Thereisnodifficulty/trouble(in)doingsth./withsth.“做某事/在某事上没有困难”。注意事项(1)在考查句型havedifficulty(in)doingsth.时，difficulty往往提前作为主句中的先行词，定语从句中谓语成为havedoing形式。(2)在havedifficulty(in)doingsth.中的difficulty是不可数名词。学案(三)高考语篇的价值发掘——提升学科素养2018全国卷Ⅰ·阅读理解C篇——对接课标主题：语言学习的规律、方法等（一）精读真题——拓展语言能力(语篇中蓝体词汇为主题词汇，请注意积累并揣摩其用法)[1]Languageshavebeeningandgoingforthousandsofyears,butinrecenttimestherehasbeenlessingandalotmoregoing.Whentheworldwasstillpopulated①byhunter­gatherers,small,tightlyknit(联系)groupsdevelopedtheirownpatternsofspeechindependentofeachother.eq\o(Somelanguageexpertsbelievethat10，000yearsago，whentheworldhadjust,\s\do4(1))fivetotenmillionpeople,theyspokeperhaps12,000languagesbetweenthem.[2]Soonafterwards,manyofthosepeoplestartedsettlingdowntobeefarmers,andtheirlanguagestoobecamemoresettled②andfewerinnumber.Inrecentcenturies,trade,industrialisation,thedevelopmentofthenation­stateandthespreadofuniversalpulsoryeducation,especiallyglobalisationandbettermunicationsinthepastfewdecades,allhavecausedmanylanguagestodisappear,anddominantlanguagessuchas③English,SpanishandChineseareincreasinglytakingover④.[3]Atpresent,theworldhasabout6,800languages.Thedistributionoftheselanguagesishugelyuneven.Thegeneralruleisthatmildzoneshaverelativelyfewlanguages,oftenspokenbymanypeople,whilehot,wetzoneshavelots,oftenspokenbysmallnumbers.Europehasonlyaround200languages;theAmericasabout1,000;Africa2,400;andAsiaandthePacificperhaps3,200,ofwhichPapuaNewGuineaaloneaccountsforwellover800.Themediannumber(中位数)ofspeakersisamere6,000,whichmeansthathalftheworld’slanguagesarespokenbyfewerpeoplethanthat.⑤[4]Alreadywellover400ofthetotalof6,800languagesareclosetoextinction(消亡),withonlyafewelderlyspeakersleft.Pick,atrandom,BusuuinCameroon(eightremainingspeakers),ChiapanecoinMexico(150),LipanApacheintheUnitedStates(twoorthree)orWadjiguinAustralia(one,withaquestion­mark):noneoftheseseemstohavemuchchanceofsurvival.［析微点·厚积语言基础］①微积累——重难点词汇populatev． 居住于；生活于bepopulatedby... 聚居；栖息通句式——句子(1)中that引导宾语从句，when引导定语从句，修饰先行词10,000yearsago。②微积累——熟词生义：settledadj.稳定的；不太可能变动的 (熟义)adj.习惯的 (生义)③微技法——根据举例法猜测词义：dominant可利用下文中的提示词suchas猜测词义。常见的表示举例的提示词有：suchas,forexample,forinstance等。④微积累——take短语小结：takeover 接管；占支配地位的；占优势的takeup 拿起；开始从事；占用takedown 写下；记下takein 吸收；欺骗；领会takeoff 脱掉；起飞；成功takeon 雇用；呈现；承担⑤微技法——根据语法知识，分析句子结构解题：根据which引导的定语从句，可知目前世界上有一半的语言的使用人数少于6000，也就是说有大约3400种语言的使用人数少于6000。[理脉络——内化读文规律]

（二）解析真题——感悟素养立意[考什么·怎么考——真题再做]28．Whatcanweinferaboutlanguagesinhunter­gatherertimes?A．Theydevelopedveryfast.B．Theywerelargeinnumber.C．Theyhadsimilarpatterns.D．Theywerecloselyconnected.解析：选B推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句可知，一些语言专家认为，一万年前，当世界上只有500万到1000万人时，他们之间可能说12000种语言。由此可推断，狩猎时代的语言种类很多。29．Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“dominant”underlinedinparagraph2?A．plex. B．Advanced.C．Powerful. D．Modern.解析：选C词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句可知，人类社会发展的很多因素导致许多语言消失，而英语、西班牙语、汉语等语言逐渐占主导地位，故选C项powerful(强大的，有影响力的)。30．Howmanylanguagesarespokenbylessthan6,000peopleatpresent?A．About6,800. B．About3,400.C．About2,400. D．About1,200.解析：选B数字计算题。根据第三段第一句“Atpresent,theworldhasabout6,800languages.”可知，目前世界上有大约6800种语言；再根据第三段最后一句可知，目前世界上一半的语言的使用人数少于6000，也就是说有大约3400种语言的使用人数少于6000。31.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A．Newlanguageswillbecreated.B．People’slifestylesarereflectedinlanguages.C．Humandevelopmentresultsinfewerlanguages.D．Geographydetermineslanguageevolution.解析：选C主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句和第二段可知，随着社会的发展，尤其是工业化、全球化以来，很多语言已经消失，即人类社会的发展使得世界上语言的种类越来越少。故选C。[为什么考·有何价值——导向解读]一、发展思维品质文中第31题主要考查学生的概括性思维。文章通过引用数字和举例子的方法来说明随着工业化和全球化的发展，世界上的语言的种类越来越少。本题的答案单独从某一段中是得不出来的，需要对文章整体理解，对各段段意归纳总结，然后概括才能得出正确答案，这需要考生具有较强的概括归纳能力。二、聚焦核心价值本文主要说明了随着人类社会的发展，语言的使用也在发生变化，特别是由于人类生活方式的变化而导致了世界上语言种类的减少。文章旨在让人们意识到随着全球化时代的到来，原本世界上丰富多彩的语言有加速消失的风险。语言既是一种交流工具，又是一个民族的符号和身份的象征。语言的多样性是文化多样性的重要组成部分。文章启发我们要对当今世界上的各种语言和文化保持客观、开放和包容的态度。作为中华民族的一员，人人有责任保护、发展和使用好我们自己的语言。这也是时代赋予我们的使命。（三）借力真题——发掘学习能力Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Beforeallthis，theislandwaspopulatedbynativeAmericanArawaks.2．Itisuniversally(universal)knownthatweChinesearehard­workingandbrave.3．Speechisthefastestmethodofmunication_(municate)betweenpeople.4．Whowillinchargeofthedistribution(distribute)offoodandclothingtothefloodvictims?5．Ifhecouldn’tfindhiswayoutofforest,therewouldbelittlechanceofsurvival(survive)．Ⅱ.补全句子1．With_the_development_of_technology(随着科技的发展),ourlifeisbeingmoreandmoreconvenient.2．ThemanagerdecidedthatIwastheidealpersontotake_over(接管)thejob.3．Itisagreathonourformetobeinvitedtomake_a_speech(做演讲)here.Ⅲ.分析长难句Thegeneralruleisthatmildzoneshaverelativelynewlanguages,oftenspokenbymanypeople,whilehot,wetzoneshavelots,oftenspokenbysmallnumbers.[句式解构]本句是含有一个表语从句的主从复合句。主句的主语是Thegeneralrule,is是系动词。其中that引导表语从句；在表语从句中，while用作并列连词，表示前后对比。[句意翻译]一般的规律是，温带的语言种类相对较少，且通常有许多人使用，而炎热、潮湿的区域则有很多种语言，通常有少量的人使用。Ⅳ.主题语境写作假定你是李华，你的外国朋友Tim来信说他对中文特别感兴趣，想学习中文，希望你能给他提出一些建议。请给Tim写一封回信。注意：1.词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考范文：DearTim，IamverygladtohearthatyouareinterestedinChineseandeagertolearnit.It’smypleasuretoofferyousomesuggestionsonit.Firstofall,learningChinesetakestimesoyoushouldspendasmuchtimeasyoucan.What’smore，itisveryimportanttouseChinesewheneveryoucan.ThemoreyouuseChinese,thebetteryouwilllearnit.Lastbutnotleast,you’dbetterwatchChinesefilmsandreadChinesenewspapers.Ihopeyouwillfindthesesuggestionshelpful.Yours，LiHua课下主题训练语言学习的规律、方法等Ⅰ.阅读理解ATeachingEnglishisthebestwaytogetpaidtotraveltheworld.Flexible(灵活的)hours,paidholidays,andpaidacmodationsarejustsomeofthereasonswhyteachingEnglishisfitforthosewhowanttotakeagapyearabroad.FlexibleHours!Teacherscanchoosetheirhoursinmanyteachingabroadprograms,soifyouwanttospendadaywalkinginthecity,takingacookingclass,readingabook,learninganewlanguage,orsimplyrestingunderatree,teachingEnglishgivesyouthatflexibilitytoletyourselfexperiencethenewculture.TelluswhatyouwoulddoforfuninanothercountryandgetafreeTeachingEnglishtoYoungLearnerscoursewhenyoutaketheadvanced120­hourTESOLcourse!PaidHolidays!Ourpaidteachingabroadprogramsincludepaidholidays,soyoucantakeafewweekstotravelanywhereintheworld.SaveMoneytoTravel!TESOLincludesacmodations.Manyalsoprovideteacherswithtransportationandhealthinsurance(保险)．Whenyouhaveallyourlivingcostspaidfor,youcanuseeverydollarthatyouearnwhenteachingEnglishabroadtohavefunandtravel!Whatareyouwaitingfor？GoAbroad!TESOLoffersfreejobplacementtocertificated(有执业资格的)teachers.Youdon’tevenneedadegreeinEducationorateachinglicensetoteachEnglishabroad.ATESOLcertificationisyourkeytoleavingyour9­to­5jobandgettingpaidtotraveltheworld.TheTESOLcoursewillgiveyouallthetrainingthatyouneedtoteachEnglish.Itonlytakes120hoursofTESOLtrainingtogetqualifiedtoteachabroadandyoucanpletethecoursein4weeks!语篇解读：去国外教英语是带薪环游世界的最好的方法：它可以提供灵活的时间、带薪假期、免费食宿。参加TESOL课程，拿一份证书，你就可以实现这个愿望了。1．WhenyouteachEnglishabroad,you________.A．don’thavetopayforyourtravelsB．cantravelatyourownconvenienceC．areabletolearnsomelocallanguagesD．havetopayforhealthinsurancebyyourself解析：选B细节理解题。根据第二段的内容可知，在教授英语的过程中，可以有灵活的时间前往各地旅游。2．WhatcanyougetifyouattendtheTESOLcourse?A．Freetransportation. B．Freesafetyinsurance.C．AdegreeinEducation. D．Ateachinglicense.解析：选A细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Manyalsoprovideteacherswithtransportation”可知，很多TESOL课程还为老师提供交通费用，故选A项。3．Whichsectionofanewspaperisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?A．Nature. B．Business.C．Advertisement. D．Sports.解析：选C文章出处题。根据全文内容可知，本文介绍了在国外教英语的好处，而参加TESOL课程能够取得在国外教学的资格，因此文章最可能是推广TESOL课程的广告。BBettySchrampferAzarisaworld­famousexpertonteachingEnglishgrammar.Herearesomeofheropinions.Whydostudentsneedtolearngrammar？Whenteachersaredecidingwhichgrammarpointstoteach,theyshouldfirstasktwoquestions.First,willunderstandingthepointhelpstudentsbeunderstoodandwillithelpthemunderstandbetter？Next,willlearningthegrammarpointhelpstudentsbeacceptableasEnglishspeakers?Peopleusuallythinkthatgrammarisallaboutmemorizingrules.Infact,grammarisnotjustlearningrules.Itisawaytohelpstudentsalongthewaytomunication.Teachersshouldknowthatstudentsdonotalllearninthesameway.Eachmayhaveadifferentlearningstylewhenitestolearninggrammar.Somemayseeapatternandunderstandtherule.Othersneedexplanationsandmorepractice.“Buttoteachgrammarassubjectmatterandtestitasthoughyouweretestingthememorizationofdatesinhistoryissuretoboreeverybodyandnottoreachthegoalsthatyouaretryingtoreach—successfulmunicationexperiences，”shesays.Whydosometeachershateteachinggrammar？Manyteachersarenotfortableteachinggrammarbecausetheydonotknowhowtoanswertheirstudents’questions.“MostnativespeakersofEnglishdon’tlearnitinschool，”shesays.“Ifyoudon’tknowanygrammarofyourownlanguageandthenyouareaskedtoteachit,it’spossiblethatyourstudentsmayknowmoregrammarthanyouandyoucan’tanswertheirquestions.”Canteachinggrammarreallybefun？Teachersshouldlearntomaketheteachingofgrammarfun.Shesays，“MystudentsenjoylearninggrammarasmuchasIenjoyteachingit.Ithinkgrammarisfascinating.Itholdslanguagetogether.Itisreallybeautifulwhenyougettoknowit.Grammarisquitearemarkable(非凡的)thing.”语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了语法专家BettySchrampferAzar对学生学习语法和老师教语法的一些看法。4．Whatshouldteachersdobeforeteachinggrammarpoints?A．Knowthespecificgoalofteachinggrammar.B．Developagoodteachingstyle.C．Findoutstudents’learningneeds.D．Letstudentsmemorizesomerules.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第二段第二句中的“theyshouldfirstasktwoquestions...”可知，老师首先应该问自己两个问题，明确教语法的目标。5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“It”inParagraph3referto?A．Memorizingrules. B．Grammar.C．Learningrules. D．Practice.解析：选B代词指代题。根据第三段中的“grammarisallaboutmemorizingrules.Infact,grammarisnotjustlearningrules”可知，这里阐述的是学语法的问题，因此选B。6．WhatcanwelearnaboutgrammaraccordingtoBettySchrampferAzar?A．Grammarshouldbetaughtasasubject.B．Nativespeakersdon’tneedtolearngrammar.C．Differentstudentslearngrammarindifferentways.D．It’susefultomemorizeruleswhenstudentslearngrammar.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Teachersshouldknowthatstudentsdonotalllearninthesameway.Eachmayhaveadifferentlearningstylewhenitestolearninggrammar.”可知，不同的学生学习语法的方法不尽相同。7．WhatdoesBettySchrampferAzarthinkofgrammar?A．Boring. B．Beautiful.C．Hardtoteach. D．Easytolearn.解析：选B细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“...Ienjoyteachingit.Ithinkgrammarisfascinating.Itholdslanguagetogether.Itisreallybeautiful”可知，BettySchrampferAzar认为语法是美丽的。Ⅱ.阅读七选五Every