延安大学《英语基础写作》2021-2022学年第一学期期末试卷_第1页
延安大学《英语基础写作》2021-2022学年第一学期期末试卷_第2页
延安大学《英语基础写作》2021-2022学年第一学期期末试卷_第3页
延安大学《英语基础写作》2021-2022学年第一学期期末试卷_第4页
延安大学《英语基础写作》2021-2022学年第一学期期末试卷_第5页
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《英语基础写作》2021-2022学年第一学期期末试卷院(系)_______班级_______学号_______姓名_______题号一二三四五六总分得分第一部分(共10小题,每小题1分,满分10分)1、Thisbookissaidtobeaspecialone,asit____manyeventsnotfoundinotherhistorybooks.A.writes B.prints C.covers D.reads2、Theirproductsenjoy30percent________ofthemarketinthiscountrybecauseboththequalityandtheirservicearefine.A.featuresB.sharesC.interestsD.sales3、Whyaresomebrandsmorepopularthanothers______theproductsareofsimilarquality?A.asthough B.evenif C.sothat D.incase4、HewasgreatlyshockedatDonaldTrump’stakingoffice.Neverdidheexpectthatthevoters_______besounreasonable.A.shouldB.couldC.wouldD.might5、Thenewmovie________tobeoneofthebiggestmoney-makersofalltime.A.pretends B.agrees C.promises D.declines6、--Theweatheristoocold___Marchthisyear.--Itwasstill___whenIcamehereyearsago.A.for;colder B.in;coldC.in;hot D.for;hotter7、Areyousatisfiedwithhisschoolreport?Notatall.Itcouldn’thavebeen______.A.worseB.sobadC.betterD.theworst8、Alotoffoodaswellassometents_________toYushusincetheearthquakeoccurred.A.hasbeentransported B.havebeentransportedC.isbeingtransported D.aretransported9、ThestatementofOneFoundationhelpsyou____whereyourmoneyisgoing.A.keeptrackof B.putupwithC.comeupwith D.fitinwith10、Thenewswasaterribleblowtoher,butshe______theshocksoon.A.gotout B.gotover C.gotoff D.gotthrough第二部分阅读理解(满分20分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。ANostudentofaforeignlanguageneedstobetoldthatgrammariscomplex.Bychangingtheorderofthewordsandbyaddingarangeofauxiliaryverbs(助动词)andsuffixes(后缀),wecanturnastatementintoaquestion,statewhetheranactionhastakenplaceorissoontotakeplace,andperformmanyotherwordtrickstoconveydifferentmeanings.However,thequestionwhichmanylanguageexpertscan’tunderstandandexplainis—whocreatedgrammar?SomerecentlanguagesevolvedduetotheAtlanticslavetrade.Sincetheslavesdidn’tknoweachother’slanguages,theydevelopedamake-shiftlanguagecalledapidgin.Pidginsarestringsofwordscopiedfromthelanguageofthelandowners.Theyhavelittleinthewayofgrammar,andspeakersneedtousetoomanywordstomaketheirmeaningunderstood.Interestingly,however,allittakesforapidgintobecomeacomplexlanguageisforagroupofchildrentobeexposedtoitatthetimewhentheylearntheirmothertongue.Slavechildrendidn’tsimplycopythestringsofwordsusedbytheirelders.Theyadaptedtheirwordstocreateanexpressivelanguage.Inthiswaycomplexgrammarsystemswhichcomefrompidginswereinvented.Furtherevidencecanbeseeninstudyingsignlanguagesforthedeaf.Signlanguagesarenotsimplyagroupofgestures;theyusethesamegrammaticalmachinerythatisfoundinspokenlanguages.ThecreationofonesuchlanguagewasdocumentedquiterecentlyinNicaragua.Previously,althoughdeafchildrenweretaughtspeechandlipreadingintheclassrooms,intheplaygroundstheybegantoinventtheirownsignsystem,usingthegesturestheyusedathome.Itwasbasicallyapidginandtherewasnoconsistentgrammar.However,anewsystemwasbornwhenchildrenwhojoinedtheschoollaterdevelopedaquitedifferentsignlanguage.Itwasbasedonthesignsoftheolderchildren,butitwasshorterandeasiertounderstand,andithadalargerangeofspecialuseofgrammartoclarifythemeaning.What’smore,theyallusedthesignsinthesameway.Sotheoriginalpidginwasgreatlyimproved.Mostexpertsbelievethatmanyofthelanguageswerepidginsatfirst.Theywereinitiallyusedindifferentgroupsofpeoplewithoutstandardizationandgraduallyevolvedintoawidelyacceptedsystem.TheEnglishpasttense—“ed”ending—mayhaveevolvedfromtheverb“do”.“Itended”mayoncehavebeen“Itend-did”.Itseemsthatchildrenhavegrammaticalmachineryintheirbrains.Theirmindscanservetocreatelogicalandcomplexstructures,evenwhenthereisnogrammarpresentforthemtocopy.1、Whatcanbeinferredabouttheslaves’pidginlanguage?A.Itwasdifficulttounderstand.B.Itcamefromdifferentlanguages.C.Itwascreatedbythelandowners.D.Itcontainedhighlycomplexgrammar.2、WhatisthecharacteristicofthenewNicaraguansignlanguage?A.Noconsistentsignswereusedforcommunication.B.Mostofthegesturesweremadeforeverydayactivities.C.Thehandmovementsweresmootherandmoreattractive.D.Themeaningwasclearerthantheprevioussignlanguage.3、Whichideadoestheauthorpresentinthelastparagraph?A.Englishgrammarofpasttensesystemisinaccurate.B.ChildrensayEnglishpasttensedifferentlyfromadults.C.ThethoughtthatEnglishwasonceapidginisacceptable.D.ExpertshaveproventhatEnglishwascreatedbychildren.4、Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheCreatorsofGrammarB.TheHistoryofLanguagesC.WhyPidginsCameintoBeingD.HowGrammarSystemsAreUsedBTwenty-fiveyearsago,asaparenteducator,Ibeganreadingaboutthedangersofpraise.IwascompletelyshockedbywhatIwaslearning:praiseisnotgoodforourkids.Howcouldthatbe?SoIspentyearstalkingwithexperts,readingabouttheeffectsofpraise,andfinallydecidedtoclosethedooronpraiseandfocusonbuildinganencouragingfamily.Eventoday,withmanystudiesavailabletoparents,Istillhearpeoplesay,“Howcanthatbe?Howcansaying‘Goodjob’or‘You’resmart’bebad?”Iunderstand.Itcanbeadifficulthabittobreak.Ifwetellaboy“Youaresosmart!”whenhebringshomeanAinhismathtest,howdoeshefeelwhenhecomeshomewithaD?Ifwe’vetoldhimthatheissmart,thenhewillmorelikelyfeelafailurewhenhestruggleswithhomework—“I’msupposedtobesmart.Whycan’tIdothis?”Praisetrainschildrentodependonconstantfeedbackonwhata“greatjob”theyaredoing.Thisdependencyshattersratherthanbuildschildren’sconfidence.Praisetrainschildrentoask,“Doyoulikeit?”“DidIdoagoodjob?”“Areyouproudofme?”Theybegintobelievethatwhatothersthinkismoreimportantthanwhattheythinkabouttheirachievementsandmistakes.Praisebreakstherelationshipbetweenparentsandchildren.Withoutevenrealizingit,parentsmaybeusingpraiseasatooltodirectthechild’sbehavior.Themessageisclear—Iapproveofyouwhenyou…andIdonotapproveofyouwhenyou…Livingwiththiskindofconstantjudgmentcandamagenotonlythechild’sconfidencebutalsotherelationship.Thesolutiontotheproblemofpraiseisencouragement.Encouragementcanbegivenatanytime,toanyone,inanysituation.Itisacomment,anacknowledgment,astatementthatfocusesoneffort,improvementorchoice.Hearing“Youaresosmart!”canleaveachildatalosswhentheydon’tdowellinatest.Using“ThattookalotofworktocomehomewithanAinyourtest…”givesachildthechancetobesomethingelse.1、Whatcanbeinferredfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Manyparentscan’tgetonwellwiththeirchildren.B.Theauthornevershowsanyapprovaltohischildren.C.It’shardformanyparentstobelievepraiseisharmful.D.Theauthorspent25yearschangingpeople’sopiniononpraise.2、Accordingtothepassage,itseemsthatparents’praise______.A.canleadtochildren’sbeingsmartB.mighthavejusttheoppositeeffectC.isagoodtooltoeducatetheirchildrenD.helpsthemgetalongwellwiththeirchildren3、Whichofthefollowingisagoodexampleofencouragement?A.Youareverygoodatmath.B.YouarethebestartistIhaveeverseen.C.Youhaveaproblemandyouhavetofixit.D.Youdidn’tthinkyoucouldfinishintime,butyoudid.第三部分语言知识运用(共两节)第一节(每小题1分,满分20分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.Itwasanextraordinarilybusytimeofyear.Ifeltsome1toheadstraighthomeafteralongmeeting.SoIheadedtothe2nearbyforsometherapeutic(治疗性的)hiking.AsIreachedthetopandadmiredtheview,myunclearmind3.Re-energized,IknewthatIcoulddealwiththe4thatwaitedformeuponmy5.WhenIarrivedbackintheofficethenextday,Iwasfullofenergy,andfinishedmywork6.Itwasalmost20yearsagothatIlearnedhow7itisformetocarveouttimetoescapetothewild.IhadfinishedmyPh.D.,8soilandwaterconservationinHonduras,butIwasn'tsurewhat9Iwantedtohave.So,IdecidedtoactonadreamIhadbeennursingforafewyears,10mymomshowedmeamagazinearticleaboutamanwhohad11aroundAmerica.IfiguredthatIcould12cyclingwithresearchforabookonAmericanagriculturewhileIworkedoutmynextcareerstep.SoIdidit.Duringthecycling13,IfoundtheclearnessIneededto14mynextcareermove.TalkingwithfarmersImetalongtheway,Ilearnedthattheirbiggest15wassellingtheirproduce.Idecidedtobroadenmy16fromlandmanagementtoimprovingfarmers'accesstomarkets.My17interestledtoworkingforanongovernmentalorganizationandIdideventually18abookon.Americanagriculture.The19istofindyoursourceofinspirationandmakegooduseofit.Forme,Ialwaysgetnourishment(营养)frombeing20intheoutdoors.1、A.pressure B.danger C.shame D.embarrassment2、A.forest B.park C.hospital D.mountain3、A.calmed B.wandered C.developed D.appeared4、A.meeting B.change C.work D.time5、A.reply B.return C.relaxation D.recovery6、A.successfully B.casually C.anxiously D.constantly7、A.strange B.important C.difficult D.interesting8、A.continuing B.choosing C.studying D.supporting9、A.tour B.book C.career D.major10、A.unless B.if C.though D.since11、A.run B.cycled C.driven D.flown12、A.combine B.compare C.replace D.practise13、A.competition B.history C.performance D.trip14、A.insiston B.putdown C.figureout D.learnfrom15、A.challenge B.progress C.adventure D.sacrifice16、A.experience B.focus C.discussion D.search17、A.deep B.particular C.personal D.new18、A.buy B.borrow C.publish D.notice19、A.reason B.problem C.result D.key20、A.active B.alone C.confident D.brave第二节(每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Thesilentkiller—airpollutioncausessevenmillionpremature(过早的)1.(death)ayear,notjustin2.(develop)countriesbutalsoinUKandtheUSAaswellInChina,peoplearewellawareofthehealthproblemsitbringsIcheckeveryparteverydayIfithasheavyairpollution,IwillpreparemasksformyfamilyIdislike3.whentheairisbadBecausebadairmakesitdifficultformetobreatheandIthinkitdoesinfluencemy4.(perform)atworkAnewresearchinchinahasalsofoundalinkbetweenairqualityandlevelsofintelligenceInthestudy,25,000peoplelivingacrossChina5.(test)inlanguageandmathskillslastyearTheyfoundtheresultsofthose6.livedinmorepollutedareaswere7.(negative)impacted,especiallyinlanguagesItaddstoagrowingbodyofevidencethatairpollutionhasaneffectnotjustonthelungsandheart8.onthebrainThisresearchshowsthatthelongerweareexposedtoairpollution,the9.(many)problemswe’restoringupforlaterlifeCampaignershopethisstudywillpersuadetheBritishgovernment10.(think)hardbeforeitpublishesitscleanairstrategynextyear第四部分写作(共两节)第一节短文改错(满分10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2、只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。Iwenthikingtoamountainwithmyfriendlastsummer、Itwasagoodtripinthebeginningandsomethingunexpectedhappenedhalfway、Oneofmyfriendssuddenlyfeltaterriblepaininhisstomachandhecouldn’

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