2025版新教材高中英语Unit1PeopleofAchievement课时作业二LearningAboutLanguage新人教版选择性必修第一册

课时作业(二)LearningAboutLanguage必备学问基础练进阶训练第一层Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．ThefamousbookFrankenstein,writtenbyaBritish________(novel),isthefirstworkofsciencefiction.2．WinningtheNobelPrizeisa________(remark)achievementforanyscientist.3．Mostofthescientistsdothejob________oftheirpassionforscienceratherthanmoney.4．Sincethenewpresidentcame________power,greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthecountry.5．KirkandIgrewupbeingconstantlymistakenforeachother.As________consequence,wewereoftenunfairlypunishedorrewardedbyourteachers.6．Hemessedtheprojectup,buthebehavedasthoughnothing________(happen).7．Asyoucansee,inourclassthereare50students,halfofthem________(wear)glasses.8．Manylessonsarenowavailableonline,from________studentscanchooseforfree.9．Ourcourseisbasedonaspecificproject,oneof________aimsistoimprovestudents'comprehensiveabilityinEnglish.Ⅱ.完成句子1．他突然意识到他只能依靠自己来解决他的问题。________________________hecouldonlyrelyonhimselftosolvehisproblem.2．由于疫情，他坚决要求推迟聚会。Heinsistedthattheparty________________becauseoftheepidemic.3．贫困国家最须要的不是钱，而是先进的技术。Whatpoorcountriesneedmostis________money________advancedtechnology.4．我感动于那些帮助河南水灾的受害者的人。我认为诞生在中国是莫大的荣幸。IammovedbythepeoplewhohelpthevictimsoffloodsinHenanProvince.Ifeelthat________________________________________inChina.5．人们认为被清华高校录用的周桐英勇、坚毅且努力，我们应当向他学习。ZhouTong,admittedintoTsinghuaUniversity,____________________________brave,toughandhardworking,whomweshouldlearnfrom.Ⅲ.单元语法练习A.用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空1．Onthebeautifulshipwereover2，000people,mostof________werewomenandchildren.2．ThelongesttrackandfieldeventattheSummerOlympicsisthe50­kilometerracewalk,________isaboutfivemileslongerthanthemarathon.3．Inruralareas,________ambulancescantakearelativelylongtimetoarrive,thephoneboxeshavetakenonalifesavingrole.4．IwasinthemiddleoftheAmazonwithmywife,________wasthereasamedicalresearcher.5．Later,heworkedinAfrica,________manypeoplesufferedfromblindnessforlackofpropertreatment.6.Itwasabigdealforustogotothelocallibrary,________mykidscouldpickoutbookstoreadorbookstheywantedmetoreadtothem.B.用定语从句完成下列各句1．他在考试中失败了，这使得他父亲特别生气。(非限制性定语从句)Hefailedintheexamination,________________________________________．2．他借给了我一些钱，要是没有这些钱，我是无法送儿子去上学的。(介词＋which)Helentmesomemoney,______________________________________toschool.3．他在伦敦住了三个月，在那期间他学了些英语。(介词＋which)HelivedinLondonfor3months,______________________________________．4．我住在一对夫妻的隔壁，他们的孩子们常常制造噪音。(限定性定语从句)Ilivenextdoortoacouple__________________．5．她毕业于当地的一所中学，之后她去了北京高校。(介词＋which)Shegraduatedfromalocalhighschool,__________________________________________.6．我有很多挚友，其中有些是老师。(介词＋which)Ihavemanyfriends，______________________．7．很多年轻人都去了偏远地区追寻自己的幻想，他们中大部分都受过良好的教化。(介词＋whom)Manyyoungpeople,________________________________________，headedforremoteregionstochasetheirdreams.8．众所周知，全球变暖已经引发了很多自然灾难。(as引导的非限定性定语从句)______________________________，globalwarminghascausedalotofnaturaldisasters.关键实力综合练进阶训练其次层Ⅰ.阅读理解阅读下列材料，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。InZambia,awomannamedSylviaBandahadadreamtobecomeasuccessfulbusinesswomanandbuildherowncompany.So,afterfinishinghighschool,Bandawenttocollegetolearnhowtostartafoodcompany.Shestudiedhardandspentherfreetimecomingupwithwaystomakemoney,includingmakingfoodandsellingittofriends.In1987,whenBandawas24yearsold,shedecidedtostartherownrestaurant.Sheborrowedaroomandusedfoodandpansfromherownkitchen.Thefirstday,herrestaurantdidnothaveanychairsortables,butshewasabletosellallofthefoodthatshehadmade.Aftercountingthemoney,shewassurprisedthatshehadmademoreinonedaythanmostpeoplemadeinonemonth.Fromthatsmallrestaurant,Bandabuiltalargecompany.Itnowhashundredsofpeopleworkingforitandisworthoveramilliondollars.Besidesrestaurants,thecompanyhasnowbuilthotelsandacollegeinZambia,anditalsosellsmanykindsofpackagedfoods.Afterreachinghergoalofstartingherownbusinessandbecomingrich,BandadecidedtoworktoimprovethelivesofotherZambians.Shedoesthisinanumberofways.Forone,herrestaurantsusevegetablesandotherproductsmadeinZambia,andbydoingso,Bandacansupportthefarmers.Hercollegealsoteachesfarmerswaystomaketheirfarmsbetter,whichhelpsthemmakemoremoney.ThecollegealsohelpsyoungZambiansgetskillstostarttheirownbusinesses.Throughhardwork,Bandahasbeenabletoimprovebothherlifeandhercountry.1．WhydidSylviaBandagotocollege?A.Tolearnhowtoteachatahighschool.B.Torealiseherdreamofbecomingabusinesswoman.C.Becauseherparentswantedhertostudyhard.D.Becauseshewantedtospendtimewithherfriends.2．WhatdidBandadoin1987?A.Sheworkedatasmallrestauranttolearnhowtocook.B.Shelentroomstoherfriendstomakeextramoney.C.Sheborrowedmoneyfromabanktostartherowncompany.D.Sheusedthingsfromherownkitchentostartherfirstrestaurant.3．HowdoesBandahelpZambianfarmers?A.Shehiresthemtoworkinhercompany.B.Shesellstheirvegetablesatherstoresforahighprice.C.Shebuysandusestheirproductsinherrestaurants.D.Shegivesthemmoneytomaketheirfarmsbetter.Ⅱ.完形填空阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Manychildrenmaybefondofanimals,butfeweverthinkofmakingthestudyofanimalsastheircareer.Evenfewerwillbe__1__bythewholeworld,__2__thetitleofUnitedNationsMessenger(使者)ofPeace.Butonewomanhas__3__allthat.ShehaslivedwithchimpsintheAfricanforestformanyyearsandmadegreat__4__.JaneGoodall'slifelonginterestinanimalsbeganatanearlyage.WhenaclosefriendinvitedGoodalltoKenyain1957,shereadily__5__it.Withinafewmonthsofherarrivalshemetthefamousanthropologist(人类学家)DrLouisLeakey,whosoondecidedthatGoodallwasthe__6__personhewaslookingfortobegina__7__ofwildchimpsontheshoreofLakeTanganyikainTanzania.Inthebeginning,studyingthechimpswasnot__8__forher.Theanimalsfled(逃跑)fromher__9__.Withastrong__10__，shesearchedtheforesteveryday,tryingnottogettooclosetothechimpstoo__11__.Graduallythechimpsbecameusedtoherpresence.InOctober1960,sheobservedachimpmakingandusing__12__tofishfortermites(白蚁).Thisdiscoverythrew__13__onthepopularideaatthetimethatmanwastheworld'sonlytoolmaker.ThelongerGoodall'sresearchcontinues,themoreitbecomesobviousthatchimpsarevery__14__tohumans.Sincethemid­1980s,Goodallhasbeenlecturingaroundtheworldtoraisepeople'ssenseaboutenvironmental__15__.“Let'sliveinthenewagewithhope,respectforalllivingthings,understandingandlove，”shesaid.1．A.recognizedB．knownC.acceptedD．admitted2．A.receivingB．givingC.enjoyingD．having3．A.doneB．provedC.achievedD．realized4．A.discoveriesB．decisionsC.choicesD．progress5．A.acceptedB．refusedC.receivedD．considered6．A.onlyB．lastC.specialD．first7．A.projectB．studyC.centreD．career8．A.hardB．interestingC.easyD．convenient9．A.insurpriseB．inahurryC.asexpectedD．infear10．A.willB．bodyC.desireD．mind11．A.farB．nearC.soonD．much12．A.netsB．toolsC.holesD．spoons13．A.doubtB．lightC.questionsD．beliefs14．A.closeB．similarC.friendlyD．helpful15．A.improvementB．protectionC.pollutionD．destructionⅢ.读后续写阅读下面材料，依据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Itwasasmalltownwithnicelandscapesthatattractedalotofrichpeopletolivein.Mingwasalsoattractedbythescenicspotsofthetown.Buthehadlittlemoney,soherentedacheaphouseafterhearrived.Butwhatdrewhisattentionmostherewasthosewealthypeople.Sohetookupajobtosellcellphones.Buthiscellphoneswerenotgoodinquality.Oneday,Ming'spocketwasemptyagainandwantedtoearnmoney.Luckily,therewasstillaphoneinhispockettosell.Soonenough,hespottedatarget—aseeminglywealthymiddle­agedmaninanoldjacket.Mingcameuptohimandsmiledpolitely,saying,“Hey,friend...”Butthemanwasverycautiousandasked,“What'sup？”Mingsaidtohimimmediately,“Friend,Ihaveaphone.Iboughtitat5，000yuan.ButnowIcouldsellittoyouatonly3，000yuan.”Themanseemeduninterestedinhisphoneandwantedtogoaway.Mingstoppedhimandsaid,“Whatabout2，000yuan？”Themanshoutedathim,“Whatdoyouwanttodowithme？”Mingimmediatelyputupapoorfaceandhuggedtheman'slegs,cryingtohim,“Oh,mydearfriend!Only1，000yuan,isitOK？”Mingbeganpouringouthis“sadstory”ashewascrying.Theman,afterseeingthis,feltalittlebitmovedandputhishandsintohispocket.Thenhetookout1，000yuantoMingandtookthephoneaway.Afterearning1，000yuan,Mingfelthappy.Ashefelthungry,hewenttoasmallrestauranttohavelunch.Mingorderedseveraldishesandhandedoveranoteof100yuantothecashier.Thecashierstaredatthebanknoteforquiteawhile,asifcheckingifitwasafakenote,andthensaidtoMing,“Sorry,Icouldnotfindanychangeforyouforthemoment.Pleasewaitaminute.”Thenhewentaway.Stayingintherestaurantwithoutanythingtodo,MingsatatatableandstartedtowatchTV.Afterall,hischeap­rentedhousehadnoTV.留意：1．所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。TheTVwasbroadcastingapieceofnews________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thepolicecarstoppedbeforethesmallrestaurantand________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________课时作业(二)LearningAboutLanguage必备学问基础练Ⅰ.1．答案与解析：novelist句意为：闻名的《科学怪人》一书由一名英国小说家创作，是第一部科幻小说。设空处前有不定冠词a及British修饰，且依据设空处前的writtenby可知，设空处指“小说家”。故填novelist。2．答案与解析：remarkable句意为：对任何一位科学家来说，获得诺贝尔奖都是一项非凡的成就。设空处作定语，修饰名词achievement，应用形容词。故填remarkable。3．答案与解析：out句意为：大多数科学家做这项工作是由于他们对科学的酷爱，而不是为了钱。outofone'spassion意为“出于某人的酷爱”，为固定短语。故填out。4．答案与解析：to句意为：自从新总统上台以来，这个国家发生了巨大的改变。cometopower意为“上台；执政”，为固定搭配。故填to。5．答案与解析：a句意为：柯克和我从小到大始终被误认为是对方。因此，我们常常受到来自我们老师的不公允的惩处或嘉奖。asaconsequence意为“结果”，为固定短语。故填a。6．答案与解析：hadhappened句意为：他把安排搞砸了，但他表现得似乎什么事也没发生。asthough在此引导方式状语从句，从句要用虚拟语气；依据主句时态为一般过去时可知，此处是对过去状况的虚拟，从句应用过去完成时。故填hadhappened。7．答案与解析：wearing句意为：如你所见，我们班有50名学生，其中一半戴眼镜。此处“halfofthem＋非谓语动词”构成独立主格结构；wear与其逻辑主语halfofthem之间是主动关系，所以应用现在分词。故填wearing。8．答案与解析：which句意为：现在(人们)可以在网上获得很多课程的资源，学生们可以从中免费选择。此处为“介词＋关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词是Manylessons，关系词在从句中作介词from的宾语，应运用关系代词which。故填which。9．答案与解析：whose句意为：我们的课程基于一个特定的项目，它的目标之一是提高学生的英语综合实力。逗号后是定语从句，关系词在定语从句中作定语修饰aims，所以应用关系代词whose。Ⅱ.1．Itstruckhimthat2．beputoff3．not;but4．itisagreathonourtobeborn5．isthoughttobeⅢ.A.1．答案与解析：whom考查非限制性定语从句。句意：这艘美丽的船上有2000多人，其中大多数是妇女和儿童。先行词指人，关系词在非限制性定语从句中作介词of的宾语，故填whom。2．答案与解析：which考查非限制性定语从句。句意：夏季奥运会最长的田径项目是50公里竞走，大约比马拉松长5英里。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代先行词the50­kilometerracewalk，在从句中作主语，故用which。3．答案与解析：where考查非限制性定语从句。句意：在农村地区，救援车要花相对较长的时间才能到达，电话亭就担当了挽救生命的作用。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代先行词ruralareas，在从句中作地点状语，故用where。4．答案与解析：who考查非限制性定语从句。句意：我和我的妻子在亚马孙中部，她是那的一名医学探讨员。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代先行词mywife，在从句中作主语，故用who。5．答案与解析：where考查非限制定语从句。句意：后来，他在非洲工作，那里有很多人因缺乏适当的治疗而失明。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代先行词Africa，在从句中作地点状语，故用where。6．答案与解析：where考查非限制性定语从句。句意：对我们来说，去当地的图书馆是一件大事，在那里我的孩子们可以选择出要读的书，或者他们想让我读给他们听的书。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代先行词thelocallibrary，在从句中作地点状语，故用where。B.1．whichmadehisfatherveryangry2．withoutwhichIcouldn'tsendmyson3．duringwhichtimehelearntsomeEnglish4．whosechildrenoftenmakealotof/lotsof/muchnoise5．afterwhichshewenttoPekingUniversity6．someofwhomareteachers7．mostofwhomwerewell­educated8．Asisknowntoall关键实力综合练Ⅰ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。讲解并描述了赞比亚一个叫SylviaBanda的女人创业胜利的故事。1．答案与解析：B细微环节理解题。依据第一段中的“...awomannamedSylviaBandahadadreamtobecomeasuccessfulbusinesswomanandbuildherowncompany.So,afterfinishinghighschool,Bandawenttocollegetolearnhowtostartafoodcompany.”可知，她上高校是为了实现自己当一名胜利的女商人并开办公司的志向。故选B项。2．答案与解析：D细微环节理解题。依据其次段中的“In1987,whenBandawas24yearsold,shedecidedtostartherownrestaurant.Sheborrowedaroomandusedfoodandpansfromherownkitchen.”可知，她用自己厨房的东西开了第一家饭店。故选D项。3．答案与解析：C细微环节理解题。依据最终一段中的“Forone,herrestaurantsusevegetablesandotherproductsmadeinZambia,and...farmers.”可知，她的餐厅选用产自赞比亚当地的蔬菜和其他产品，这样可以帮助本国农夫。故选C项。Ⅱ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了“联合国和平使者”简·古道尔的经验和她取得的成就。1．答案与解析：Arecognize在此说明为“认可(功绩等)”，即很少有人得到全世界的认可。2．答案与解析：C表示“享有．.....头衔或称号”时，要用动词enjoy。3．答案与解析：C此处表示有这样一位女性做到了上面提到的全部，应用achieve。achieve意为“达到，实现”。4．答案与解析：A通读全文可知，她