2024-2025学年上学期上海高一英语期末培优卷3

第1页（共1页）2024-2025学年上学期上海高一英语期末培优卷3一．完形填空（共1小题）1．（2023秋•嘉定区校级期末）Shewantstobeasinger；youthinksheshouldgoforalong﹣termcareerwithjobsecurityandeventuallyretirewithagoodpension.Butanewreportsuggeststhatinfactshe'sthepracticalone.Whydoparentsmaketerriblecareers（1）？Today's14and15﹣year﹣oldsare（2）.Theyareoptimisticabouttheirprospects，buttheircareerideasarerather（3）.Although80%ofthemhavenointentionoffollowingintheirparents'footsteps，69%still（4）theirparentsforadvice.Theylookattheirworkingfutureinadifferentwaytotheirparents.Ajobforlifeisnotintheirvocabulary；neitherisadead﹣endbutsecurejobthatis（5）butpaysthebills.Inthepast，thismighthavecountedasbadnews.CertainlywhenIwas15，myguidancecounselorswerehorrifiedatmyplanstobecomeawriter.I'mgladIdidn'tchangemyplanstosuitthem.Buttheworldhaschanged.Theglobaleconomyisnot（6）toyesterday'sdiligentanddependableworker.Thefuturebelongstoquick﹣thinkingpeoplewhoareresourceful，ambitiousandcantaketheinitiative.Thismeansitisnot（7）beingunrealisticthata14﹣year﹣oldseesherworkingfutureasakindof（8）tobemadeupasshegoesalong.（9），shehastohavethetrainingandguidancetohelpherdeveloptherightskillsfortoday'smarket.Manyyoungpeople（10）thatredundancy（冗余），downsizing（裁员）andfreelancing（自由职业）areallpartofmodernworkinglife，butnooneistellingthemhowtheymightbeabletoturnthenewrulesofthe（11）gametotheiradvantage.Thisiswhattheyneedtoknowiftheyaretomakealifeforthemselves.Sowhatistobedone？Agoodfirststepwouldbeto（12）thewayinwhichschoolsprepareyoungpeopleoradultlife.Theeducationsystemisbecominglessflexibleandsticksmoretotraditionalskillsatjustthetimethatthejobmarketisgoinginthe（13）direction.What，then，canweasparentsdotohelpthem？Thebestthingisto（14）alltheadvicethatyourparentsgaveyou，andstepintoyourteenager'sshoes.Givethemthecouragetofollowtheirdreams﹣﹣﹣﹣howeveroddtheymightsoundrightnow.Inaworldthatofferseconomicsecuritytoalmostnoone，ambitionisaterriblethingto（15）.（1）A．advisersB．plannersC．reformersD．pursuers（2）A．curiousB．ambitiousC．depressedD．unrealistic（3）A．inspiringB．clearC．changeableD．vague（4）A．turntoB．turnupC．turnoutD．turninto（5）A．well﹣paidB．temporaryC．boringD．rewarding（6）A．commonB．opposedC．kindD．devoted（7）A．normallyB．necessarilyC．nearlyD．generally（8）A．adventureB．terminalC．destinyD．reality（9）A．FinallyB．InsteadC．ThereforeD．However（10）A．claimB．declareC．concludeD．perceive（11）A．competitionB．employmentC．knowledgeD．modernization（12）A．translateB．transportC．transformD．transfer（13）A．oppositeB．formerC．regularD．inevitable（14）A．takeB．forgetC．recallD．spoil（15）A．inheritB．keepC．simplifyD．waste二．阅读理解（共3小题）2．（2024春•铜仁市期末）Intheearly2000s，agreatwhitesharknamedNicoleswamabout20，000kilometersfromSouthAfricatoAustraliathenbackagainwithinninemonths.ThefirstarmofthisjourneyeastwardsacrosstheIndianOceanincludedthefastestknowntransoceanicreturnmigrationamongmarineanimals.OnNovember7，2003，researchersattachedanelectronictrackertoherfin（鳍）whileinthewatersofSouthAfrica.Aftercompletingthefirstlegofthejourney，thetrackerfelloffnearExmouthGulfinWesternAustraliaandrelayed（转发）thedatatoasatellite.ItshowedthatshehadswumfromSouthAfricatoAustralia，around11，100kilometers，injust99days.Theresearchersthoughtthiswouldbetheendofthestory，butshewasspottedagainonAugust20，2004—allthewaybackinSouthAfrica."Thisisoneofthemostsignificantdiscoveriesaboutwhitesharkecologyandsuggestswemighthavetorewritethelifehistoryofthispowerfulfish，"saidDr.RamonBonfil，"Moreimportantly，Nicolehasshownusthatseparatepopulationsofgreatwhitesharksmaybemoredirectlyconnectedthanpreviouslythought，andthatwide﹣rangingwhitesharkswhicharenationallyprotectedinplacessuchasSouthAfricaandAustraliaaremucheasiertobehurtbyhumanfishingintheopenoceansthanwepreviouslythought."Greatwhitesharksaresomeoftheworld'stoughesttravelers，regularlyseentraversingextremeroutesaroundtheworld'soceans.Theydon'tgentlywanderontheirvoyageseither；theiconicspeciescancompletesomeofthefastesttransoceanicmigrationseverseenbymarineanimals.Whilemostofthejourneywasmadeattheocean'ssurface，NicoleregularlydivedintotheIndianOceanbasinatadepthof980meters.In2005，thiswasarecordbreakerforgreatwhites，butscientistshavesincefoundtheycandiveasdeepas1，128meters.（1）WhatwasuniqueaboutNicole'sjourneyfromSouthAfricatoAustralia？A.Sheswamataconstantdepth.B.Sheswamwithoutstopping.C.Shewastrackedthewholeway.D.Shecreatedthefastestsharkmigration.（2）HowdidresearcherstrackNicole'sjourney？A.Bystudyingsharks'habits.B.Withanelectronictracker.C.Withsatelliteimagesalone.D.Throughtheobservationofboats.（3）WhywasNicole'sreturntoSouthAfricasignificant？A.Itwasunexpectedbyresearchers.B.Itprovedsharks'ecologyimproved.C.ItshowedthatshedislikedAustralia.D.Itindicatedanon﹣migratorypattern.（4）WhatcanwelearnaboutGreatwhitesharksfromthelastparagraph？A.Theyaretoughtotrack.B.Theyloveswimmingslowly.C.TheyliveintheIndianOcean.D.Theyhavegreatdivingability.3．（2023•思明区校级二模）BestTrucksfor2022and20232022RivianR1TThe2022RivianR1Tchargesontothemarketasthefirstmainstreamelectricpickup，anditmakesastrongimpression.TheR1Tisequalpartsworkhorseandadventurevehicle，thoughitselectrified（通电的）powertrainneedstobefurtherenhanced.Still，it'sthefirstofmanyelectricpickupstocome.2022FordF﹣150LightningTheelectrificationofAmerica'sbest﹣sellingpickuptruckisatallorder，butit'sajobthattheFordF﹣150LightninghaspulledofTwonderfully.TheLightningispowerful，efficientandcapable.Apartfromrangelimitationswhentowing（拖车），theF﹣150Lightningiseverybittheworkhorsethatfull﹣sizepickuptruckbuyershavecometoexpect.2022JeepGladiatoThe2022JeepGladiatorisanhonest﹣to﹣goodnesspicktruck.It'sskilledattowingandpulling，it'sexceptionallycapableoffroad，anditsinnerpartisroomyandbuilttolast.Thetrade﹣offisthattheGladiatorisn'tascomfortable，quietorwell﹣equippedasothers.2023GMCHummerEVPickupTheall﹣new2023GMCHummerEVisdesignedtooffertruckbuyersachancetoreplacetheirgas﹣poweredpickupswithbattery﹣poweredones，andit'sarolethattheHummerEVshouldperformconvincingly.Itrides，handles，andspeedsupbetterthanjustaboutanytraditionalfull﹣sizepickuponthemarket.However，thatcapabilitydoesn'tcomecheap，butoverall，thenewHummergetsalotofpublicattentioninthesmallbutgrowingelectrictruckmarket.（1）Whichofthefollowingmayperformbestinthewild？A．2022RivianR1T.B．2022FordF﹣150Lightning.C．2022JeepGladiator.D．2023GMCHummerEVPickup.（2）WhatmighttheHummerEVimpressbuyersmost？A．Itspowersystem.B．Itstraditionalrole.C．Itsfuturemarket.D．Itsdrivingexperience.（3）Whatdothefourkindsoftruckshaveincommon？A．Theyareelectricpickups.B．Theyareexpensive.C．Theyhavelargeinnerspace.D．Theyhavedisadvantages.4．Theyearis2094．Ithasbeenannouncedthatacomet（彗星）isheadingtowardstheEarth．Mostofitwillmissourplanet，buttwopieceswillprobablyhitthesouthernhalfoftheEarth．On17July，apiecefourkilometerswideenterstheEarth'satmosphere（大气层）withamassiveexplosion．Abouthalfofthepieceisdestroyed，buttheremainingparthitstheSouthAtlanticat200timesthespeedofsound．Theseaboilsandahugeholeismadeintheseabed．Hugewavesarecreatedandspreadoutwardsfromthehole．Thewallofwater，akilometerhigh，rushestowardssouthernAfricaat800kilometersanhour．CitiesontheAfricancoastaretotallydestroyedandmillionsofpeopleredrowned．BeforethewavesreachSouthAmerica，thesecondpieceofthecometlandsinArgentina．EarthquakesandvolcanoesaresetoffintheAndesMountains．TheshockwavesmovenorthintoCaliforniaandallaroundthePacificOcean．ThecitiesofLosAngeles，SanFranciscoandTokyoarecompletelydestroyedbyearthquakes．Millionsofpeopleinthesouthernhalfoftheeartharealreadydead，butthenorthwon'tescapeforlong．Becauseoftheexplosions，thesunishiddenbycloudsofdust，temperaturesaroundtheworldfalltoalmostzero．Cropsareruined．Thesunwon'tbeseenagainformanyyears．Warsbreakoutascountriesfightforfood．Ayearlater，nomorethan10millionpeopleremainalive．Coulditreallyhappen？Infact，ithasalreadyhappenedmorethanonceinthehistoryoftheEarth．ThedinosaurswereontheEarthforover160millionyears．Then65millionyearsagotheysuddenlydisappeared．ManyscientistsbelievethattheEarthwashitbyapieceofobjectinspace．Thedinosaurscouldn'tlivethroughthecoldclimatethatfollowedandtheydiedout．Willwemeetthesameend？（1）Whatismainlydescribedinthepassage？A．Ahistoricdiscovery．B．Aneventofimagination．C．Aresearchonspace．D．Ascientificadventure．（2）WhenthefirstpiecehitstheSouthAtlantic，itcauses．A．anearthquakeB．damagestocitiesC．anEarthexplosionD．hugewaves（3）Whycan'tthenorthernhalfoftheearthescapeforlong？A．Becausethelandiscoveredwithwater．B．Becausethelightandheatfromthesuncannotreachtheearth．C．Becausepeopletherecannotliveatthetemperatureofzero．D．Becausewarsbreakoutamongcountries．（4）Bygivingtheexampleofdinosaurs，theauthortriestoprove．A．animalscouldnotliveinthecoldclimateB．whathappened65millionyearsagowasaninventedstoryC．thehumanbeingswilldieoutin2094D．theEarthcouldbehitbyotherobjectsinspace三．选词填空（共2小题）5．（2023•大丰区校级开学）propose，argue，base，alarm，regular，balance，detail（1）Iamgoingtolearntoplaytheguitarandexercise.（2）Weshouldhaveadietrichinfruitandvegetables.（3）Imadeathatweshouldplantmoretreesinourcampus.（4）Thereareallkindsofshortcourses，soyoucanvisitthewebsiteforinformation.（5）IheardthemhavingaheatedbychancewhenIpassedby.6．decision（n.）decisive（adj.）decide（v.）1.Itisdifficulttobetweenthetwoopinions.2.Theenemywasdefeatedinabattle.3.Beforetheygothome，theyhadalreadymadea.四．语法填空（共1小题）7．（2024春•西湖区校级月考）MillionsoftouristshavevisitedtheresortislandofHainanprovincethissummer.Visitors（1）（primary）consistofyoungpeople，whilefamilieswithchildrenarealsoreturninginlargenumbers，resultinginastrongdemandforfacilitiessuchasaccommodations（2）（tailor）tofamilystaysandthemeparks.Apart（3）thetourismsceneinthecitiesontheeasterncoast，thewesternregionsofHainan，includingChangjiangLiautonomouscountyandDanzhoucity，havealsoseen（4）boomintourismactivity.WearingtraditionalLicostumes，andfishinginstreams（5）（be）amongvisitors'favoriteactivities.Danzhouhasalsoattractedvisitorsbyorganizingsportsevents.ByAug19，HaihuaIsland（6）（receive）over1milliontouristsduringthesummervacation.DaiBin，presidentoftheChinaTourismAcademy，believesthat（7）（emerge）formsoftourism，suchasself﹣drivingtours，recreationalvehicletrips，nighttravel，wellnessretreats，（8）（education）journeysandsports﹣relatedactivities，needtobebetterimplementedinthetourismmarket.Daisuggested（9）（prioritize）academictravelforyoungpeople，health﹣focusedtourismfortheelderlyaswellasintroducingtourismproducts（10）suitvisitors'preferenceswhilemeetingtheirbudgets.五．其他阅读题型（共1小题）8．Lastyear，hundredsofpeoplespentgoodmoneyonanexperiencethattheyknewwouldincludecrowds，discomfortanddanger.Manywouldbecomesick，duetotheextremecoldandlowairpressure，andafewwouldevenlosetheirlives.Yet，despiteallthis，bytheendofthetripmanywerealreadyplanningtoreturn.Forthesepeople，climbingQomolangmaisanexperiencelikenoother，makingsomefeelweakandothers，powerful.BritishmountainclimberGeorgeMallorywroteofclimbingQomolangma，"Whatwegetfromthisadventureisjustsheerjoy...Wedonotlivetoeatandmakemoney.Weeatandmakemoneytobeabletoenjoylife.Thatiswhatlifemeansandwhatlifeisfor."Sadly，Mallorywoulddieonthemountainin1924，althoughhisbodywouldnotbefounduntilmanyyearslater.ItisstillnotknownifhesucceededinreachingthetopofQomolangmabeforeittookhislife.In2011，wordssimilartothoseofMallorywerespokenbyAmericanmountainclimberAlanArnette，whoclimbedQomolangmainthatyearandwasgoingtoclimbotherhighmountainsaroundtheworld."Itbringsintofocuswhat'simportanttoyou."Headded，"Thereareathousandreasonstoturnaroundandonlyonetokeepgoing.Youreallyhavetofocusontheonereasonthat'smostimportantanduniquetoyou.Itforcesyoutolookdeepinsideyourselfandfigureoutifyoureallyhavethephysical，aswellasmental，toughnesstopushwhenyouwanttostop."WiththemajorityofattemptstoclimbQomolangmaresultingeitherintotalsuccessorfailure，istherealsoascientificreasonbehindthisrisk﹣taking？Recentstudiesindicatethatrisk﹣takingmaybepartofhumannature，withsomeofusmorelikelytotakerisksthanothers.PsychologistFrankFarleyhasspentyearsstudyingpeoplewhojumpoutofplanesanddrivefastcars，aswellasthosewhoclimbQomolangma.Hereferstothepersonalitiesofthesepeopleas"TypeT"，withthe"T"standingfor"thrill".SpeakingtotheLATimesaboutthe"TypeT"personalities，Farleysaid，"They'llsay，'I'mnottakingrisks，I'manexpert...'Theydon'twanttodieandtheydon'texpecttodie."Researchalsosuggeststhatourdesiretoseekriskscanbeconnectedtohowmuchweexpecttobenefitfromtheresult.Withthisinmind，arethebenefitsofclimbingQomolangmaworththerisks？It'stotallyuptoyou.Completetheparagraphswithexpressionsfromthepassage.WhyDoPeopleClimbQomolangma？GeorgeMalloryWhatpeoplegetfromthisadventureisjust（1）.Peopleeatandmakemoneytobeableto（2），nottheotherwayround.ScientificreasonsRisk﹣takingmaybepartof（6）.Peoplewhoaremorelikelyto（7）have"TypeT"personalities.Researchalsosuggeststhatourdesiretoseekriskscanbeconnectedtohowmuchweexpectto（8）.AlanAmetteEachpersonhasa（n）（3）reasonforclimbingamountain.Itforce（4）themselves.Tosucceed，peoplemusthavethephysicalaswellas（5）.六．翻译题（共8小题）9．Thelittleboydisturbedthepapersonthedesk，whichmadehismotherveryangry.词性：词义：10．（2024春•通州区期中）这些国家有他们各自的传统。（tradition）11．每年有数百万人涌入这座城市。12．（2024•闵行区二模）短视频越来越受欢迎的原因是什么？（account）13．（2024春•黄浦区期末）如果全中国的学校教材每年被循环使用一年，节约的费用可以援建约4万所希望小学。（cost）14．这本书很受欢迎，后来被翻译成英语。（afterwards）15．（2022秋•奉贤区期末）她又把相册摊开在桌上未收，这是常有的事。（leave）16．（2024春•宝山区期末）与这位家喻户晓的建筑师一起工作是一次难忘的经历，是我职业生涯迄今为止的一个亮点。（highlight）七．书面表达（共2小题）17．（2023春•金东区校级期末）假定你是李华，校英文报社People专栏正开展"ThePersonIAdmireMost"征文，请你写一篇介绍身边某位名人的英语短文，内容包括：（1）该人物的生平；（2）他（她）的主要事迹；（3）你的评价。注意：（1）词数100词左右；（2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。18．（2024春•梅州期末）假定你是校英文报的学生主编李华。本学期该报开设了专栏"MusicandI"，现向全校高一学生征集稿件，请你写一封征稿函，内容包括：（1）稿件要求；（2）投稿方式；（3）录用奖励。注意：（1）写作词数应为80个左右；（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Dearfellowstudents，Lookingforwardtoreceivingyourarticles!TheEditorialSectionJuly11

2024-2025学年上学期上海高一英语期末典型卷3参考答案与试题解析一．完形填空（共1小题）1．（2023秋•嘉定区校级期末）Shewantstobeasinger；youthinksheshouldgoforalong﹣termcareerwithjobsecurityandeventuallyretirewithagoodpension.Butanewreportsuggeststhatinfactshe'sthepracticalone.Whydoparentsmaketerriblecareers（1）A？Today's14and15﹣year﹣oldsare（2）B.Theyareoptimisticabouttheirprospects，buttheircareerideasarerather（3）D.Although80%ofthemhavenointentionoffollowingintheirparents'footsteps，69%still（4）Atheirparentsforadvice.Theylookattheirworkingfutureinadifferentwaytotheirparents.Ajobforlifeisnotintheirvocabulary；neitherisadead﹣endbutsecurejobthatis（5）Cbutpaysthebills.Inthepast，thismighthavecountedasbadnews.CertainlywhenIwas15，myguidancecounselorswerehorrifiedatmyplanstobecomeawriter.I'mgladIdidn'tchangemyplanstosuitthem.Buttheworldhaschanged.Theglobaleconomyisnot（6）Ctoyesterday'sdiligentanddependableworker.Thefuturebelongstoquick﹣thinkingpeoplewhoareresourceful，ambitiousandcantaketheinitiative.Thismeansitisnot（7）Bbeingunrealisticthata14﹣year﹣oldseesherworkingfutureasakindof（8）Atobemadeupasshegoesalong.（9）D，shehastohavethetrainingandguidancetohelpherdeveloptherightskillsfortoday'smarket.Manyyoungpeople（10）Dthatredundancy（冗余），downsizing（裁员）andfreelancing（自由职业）areallpartofmodernworkinglife，butnooneistellingthemhowtheymightbeabletoturnthenewrulesofthe（11）Bgametotheiradvantage.Thisiswhattheyneedtoknowiftheyaretomakealifeforthemselves.Sowhatistobedone？Agoodfirststepwouldbeto（12）Cthewayinwhichschoolsprepareyoungpeopleoradultlife.Theeducationsystemisbecominglessflexibleandsticksmoretotraditionalskillsatjustthetimethatthejobmarketisgoinginthe（13）Adirection.What，then，canweasparentsdotohelpthem？Thebestthingisto（14）Balltheadvicethatyourparentsgaveyou，andstepintoyourteenager'sshoes.Givethemthecouragetofollowtheirdreams﹣﹣﹣﹣howeveroddtheymightsoundrightnow.Inaworldthatofferseconomicsecuritytoalmostnoone，ambitionisaterriblethingto（15）D.（1）A．advisersB．plannersC．reformersD．pursuers（2）A．curiousB．ambitiousC．depressedD．unrealistic（3）A．inspiringB．clearC．changeableD．vague（4）A．turntoB．turnupC．turnoutD．turninto（5）A．well﹣paidB．temporaryC．boringD．rewarding（6）A．commonB．opposedC．kindD．devoted（7）A．normallyB．necessarilyC．nearlyD．generally（8）A．adventureB．terminalC．destinyD．reality（9）A．FinallyB．InsteadC．ThereforeD．However（10）A．claimB．declareC．concludeD．perceive（11）A．competitionB．employmentC．knowledgeD．modernization（12）A．translateB．transportC．transformD．transfer（13）A．oppositeB．formerC．regularD．inevitable（14）A．takeB．forgetC．recallD．spoil（15）A．inheritB．keepC．simplifyD．waste【考点】说明文；未来规划．【答案】（1）﹣（5）ABDAC（6）﹣（10）CBADD（11）﹣（15）BCABD【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了父母在为孩子选择职业时往往给出不切实际的建议，而现在的孩子需要为多变的市场做准备，追求自己的梦想。【解答】（1）考查名词及语境理解。A.advisers顾问；B.planners计划者；C.reformers改革者；D.pursuers追求者。句意：为什么父母做糟糕的职业顾问？根据上文"Shewantstobeasinger；youthinksheshouldgoforalong﹣termcareerwithjobsecurityandeventuallyretirewithagoodpension."可知，父母和孩子的职业想法不同，因此父母可能是糟糕的职业顾问。故选A。（2）考查形容词及语境理解。A.curious好奇的；B.ambitious有抱负的；C.depressed沮丧的；D.unrealistic不切实际的。句意：现在的14、15岁的孩子是很有抱负的。根据后文"Theyareoptimisticabouttheirprospects"可知，他们对前景很乐观，因此是很有抱负的。故选B。（3）考查形容词及语境理解。A.inspiring鼓舞人心的；B.clear清晰的；C.changeable多变的；D.vague模糊的。句意：他们对自己的前景很乐观，但是他们的职业想法是相当模糊的。根据空前but可知，虽然他们对自己的前景很乐观，但他们对职业想法是不确定的，非常的模糊。故选D。（4）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.turnto转向，求助；B.turnup出现，调大；C.turnout结果是，证明是；D.turninto变成。句意：尽管80%的人不打算追随父母的脚步，但69%的人仍然会向父母寻求建议。根据上句Although以及空后"theirparentsforadvice"可知，尽管很多青少年不打算追随父母的脚步，但他们会向父母寻求建议。故选A。（5）考查形容词及语境理解。A.well﹣paid薪水高的；B.temporary暂时的；C.boring无聊的；D.rewarding有回报的。句意：一份没有前途但稳定却无聊工作，可以支付账单，也不在他们的考虑范围内。根据空前"neitherisadead﹣endbutsecurejob"可知，这份工作很稳定，对于年轻人来说也很无聊。故选C。（6）考查形容词及语境理解。A.common普通的；B.opposed反对的；C.kind善良的；D.devoted忠诚的，献身的。句意：全球经济对昨天勤奋可靠的工人并不友好。根据下文"Thefuturebelongstoquick﹣thinkingpeoplewhoareresourceful，ambitiousandcantaketheinitiative."可知，未来属于思维敏捷、足智多谋、有抱负并能采取主动的人，因此全球经济对那种勤奋可靠的工人不太友好。故选C。（7）考查副词及语境理解。A.normally正常地；B.necessarily必然地；C.nearly几乎；D.generally通常。句意：这意味着，一个14岁的孩子把她未来的工作看作是一种随着她的成长而逐渐形成的冒险，这并不一定是不切实际的。根据下句"thata14﹣year﹣oldseesherworkingfutureasakindof（8）tobemadeupasshegoesalong"可知，青少年在成长中不断地去冒险，他们对于职业的想法不一定是不切实际的，notnecessarily"不一定"。故选B。（8）考查名词及语境理解。A.adventure冒险；B.terminal终端；C.destiny命运；D.reality现实。句意：这意味着，一个14岁的孩子把她未来的工作看作是一种随着她的成长而逐渐形成的冒险，这并不一定是不切实际的。根据空后"tobemadeupasshegoesalong"可知，这是随着她的成长而逐渐形成的，因此像是一种冒险。故选A。（9）考查副词及语境理解。A.Finally最后；B.Instead相反；C.Therefore因此；D.However然而。句意：然而，她必须接受培训和指导，以帮助她培养适合当今市场的技能。根据上文"Thismeansitisnot（7）beingunrealisticthata14﹣year﹣oldseesherworkingfutureasakindof（8）tobemadeupasshegoesalong."可知，一个14岁的孩子对未来的职业想法并不是不切实际的，但他们必须接受培训和指导。上文和下文形成转折关系，因此用副词However。故选D。（10）考查动词及语境理解。A.claim声称；B.declare宣布；C.conclude得出结论；D.perceive意识到。句意：许多年轻人意识到裁员、缩减规模和自由职业都是现代工作生活的一部分，但没有人告诉他们如何将这些新规则转化为自己的优势。根据后文"butnooneistellingthemhowtheymightbeabletoturnthenewrulesofthe（11）gametotheiradvantage"可知，没有人告诉他们，因此是他们自己意识到的。故选D。（11）考查名词及语境理解。A.competition竞争；B.employment就业，雇佣；C.knowledge知识；D.modernization现代化。句意：许多年轻人意识到裁员、缩减规模和自由职业都是现代工作生活的一部分，但没有人告诉他们如何将这些新规则转化为自己的优势。根据上文"redundancy（冗余），downsizing（裁员）andfreelancing（自由职业）"可知，"裁员、缩减规模和自由职业"这些都是和就业有关的。故选B。（12）考查动词及语境理解。A.translate翻译；B.transport运输；C.transform改变；D.transfer转移。句意：一个好的第一步将是改变学校为年轻人或成年人的生活做准备的方式。根据下文"Theeducationsystemisbecominglessflexible"可知，教育系统正在变得不那么灵活，因此需要改变学校为年轻人或成年人的生活做准备的方式。故选C。（13）考查形容词及语境理解。A.opposite相反的；B.former以前的；C.regular常规的；D.inevitable不可避免的。句意：就在就业市场朝着相反的方向发展的时候，教育系统却变得不那么灵活，更加坚持传统技能。根据上文"Theeducationsystemisbecominglessflexible"可知，教育系统正在变得不那么灵活，而就业市场却朝着相反的方向发展。故选A。（14）考查动词及语境理解。A.take拿走；B.forget忘记；C.recall回忆；D.spoil破坏。句意：最好的办法是忘记父母给你的所有建议，站在青少年的立场上。根据下文"andstepintoyourteenager'sshoes"可知，要站在孩子的立场上，因此需要忘记父母给的所有建议。故选B。（15）考查动词及语境理解。A.inherit继承；B.keep保持；C.simplify简化；D.waste浪费。句意：在这个几乎没有人享有经济保障的世界里，雄心壮志是不应该浪费的。根据上文"Givethemthecouragetofollowtheirdreams"可知，要给他们追求梦想的勇气，因为雄心壮志是不应该浪费的。故选D。【点评】完形填空题的解题步骤：1.通读全文，理解大意。重视首句信息，跳过空格，浏览全文，从整体上感知全文，理解文章大意，这是解题的基础。2.瞻前顾后，避难就易。在理解文章大意的情况下，结合各选项的意义和用法，遵循先易后难的原则，先解决那些自己有把握的问题。对少数难题，暂时跳过，或许在上文中难以判断的题在下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示，或许一个在前面不能解答的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。3.复读全文，解决残敌。借助已经补全的空格，对全文有了更清楚的理解，可以集中解决所遗留的少数疑难问题。4.再次复读，弥补疏漏，全部做好后，务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容，确保全文文意连贯。二．阅读理解（共3小题）2．（2024春•铜仁市期末）Intheearly2000s，agreatwhitesharknamedNicoleswamabout20，000kilometersfromSouthAfricatoAustraliathenbackagainwithinninemonths.ThefirstarmofthisjourneyeastwardsacrosstheIndianOceanincludedthefastestknowntransoceanicreturnmigrationamongmarineanimals.OnNovember7，2003，researchersattachedanelectronictrackertoherfin（鳍）whileinthewatersofSouthAfrica.Aftercompletingthefirstlegofthejourney，thetrackerfelloffnearExmouthGulfinWesternAustraliaandrelayed（转发）thedatatoasatellite.ItshowedthatshehadswumfromSouthAfricatoAustralia，around11，100kilometers，injust99days.Theresearchersthoughtthiswouldbetheendofthestory，butshewasspottedagainonAugust20，2004—allthewaybackinSouthAfrica."Thisisoneofthemostsignificantdiscoveriesaboutwhitesharkecologyandsuggestswemighthavetorewritethelifehistoryofthispowerfulfish，"saidDr.RamonBonfil，"Moreimportantly，Nicolehasshownusthatseparatepopulationsofgreatwhitesharksmaybemoredirectlyconnectedthanpreviouslythought，andthatwide﹣rangingwhitesharkswhicharenationallyprotectedinplacessuchasSouthAfricaandAustraliaaremucheasiertobehurtbyhumanfishingintheopenoceansthanwepreviouslythought."Greatwhitesharksaresomeoftheworld'stoughesttravelers，regularlyseentraversingextremeroutesaroundtheworld'soceans.Theydon'tgentlywanderontheirvoyageseither；theiconicspeciescancompletesomeofthefastesttransoceanicmigrationseverseenbymarineanimals.Whilemostofthejourneywasmadeattheocean'ssurface，NicoleregularlydivedintotheIndianOceanbasinatadepthof980meters.In2005，thiswasarecordbreakerforgreatwhites，butscientistshavesincefoundtheycandiveasdeepas1，128meters.（1）WhatwasuniqueaboutNicole'sjourneyfromSouthAfricatoAustralia？DA.Sheswamataconstantdepth.B.Sheswamwithoutstopping.C.Shewastrackedthewholeway.D.Shecreatedthefastestsharkmigration.（2）HowdidresearcherstrackNicole'sjourney？BA.Bystudyingsharks'habits.B.Withanelectronictracker.C.Withsatelliteimagesalone.D.Throughtheobservationofboats.（3）WhywasNicole'sreturntoSouthAfricasignificant？AA.Itwasunexpectedbyresearchers.B.Itprovedsharks'ecologyimproved.C.ItshowedthatshedislikedAustralia.D.Itindicatedanon﹣migratorypattern.（4）WhatcanwelearnaboutGreatwhitesharksfromthelastparagraph？DA.Theyaretoughtotrack.B.Theyloveswimmingslowly.C.TheyliveintheIndianOcean.D.Theyhavegreatdivingability.【考点】说明文；自然科学研究成果．【专题】阅读理解．【答案】DBAD【分析】这是一篇说明文。白鲨妮可从南非游至澳大利亚再返回，创下跨洋迁徙速度纪录。【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段ThefirstarmofthisjourneyeastwardsacrosstheIndianOceanincludedthefastestknowntransoceanicreturnmigrationamongmarineanimals.（这次旅程的第一部分是向东穿越印度洋，这是海洋动物中已知最快的越洋回游。）可知妮可从南非到澳大利亚的旅程中，她创造了最快的鲨鱼迁徙速度。故选D。（2）推理判断题。根据第二段OnNovember7，2003，researchersattachedanelectronictrackertoherfin（鳍）whileinthewatersofSouthAfrica.（2003年11月7日，研究人员在她的鳍上安装了一个电子追踪器，当时她在南非水域。）可知，研究者是通过电子跟踪器跟踪的。故选B。（3）推理判断题。根据第三段Theresearchersthoughtthiswouldbetheendofthestory，butshewasspottedagainonAugust20，2004—allthewaybackinSouthAfrica.（研究人员以为故事就此结束了，但是她在2004年8月20日再次被发现——一路回到南非。）可知妮可回到南非意义重大，因为这是研究人员始料未及的。故选A。（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段In2005，thiswasarecordbreakerforgreatwhites，butscientistshavesincefoundtheycandiveasdeepas1，128meters.（2005年，这对大白鲨来说是一项纪录的打破者，但是科学家们发现它们可以潜到1128米的深处。）可知大白鲨有很强的潜水能力。故选D。【点评】一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。二、看题干，带着问题读文章。首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文