钢结构的连接 Connection of Steel St

钢结构的连接ConnectionofSteelStructures主讲教师：李琪Lecturer:LiQi目录Contents一、钢结构连接的类型I.Connectiontypesofsteelstructures二、主要连接方式及其特点II.Mainconnectionmodesandtheircharacteristics钢结构的构件Membersofsteelstructures李琪LiQi主讲教师Lecturer钢结构的构件Membersofsteelstructures课程导入CourseIntroduction钢结构建筑在我国的应用越来越广泛。TheapplicationofsteelstructurebuildingsinChinaisbecomingincreasinglywidespread.钢结构的构件Membersofsteelstructures鸟巢Bird'sNest钢结构的构件Membersofsteelstructures北京大兴国际机场BeijingDaxingInternationalAirport钢结构的构件Membersofsteelstructures车站Stations钢结构的构件Membersofsteelstructures高层建筑High-risebuildings钢结构的构件Membersofsteelstructures课程导入CourseIntroduction很多钢结构建筑在制作安装技术方面具有世界一流水平。Manysteelstructurebuildingshaveworld-classmanufacturingandinstallationtechnology.国家体育场鸟巢NationalStadium-Bird'sNest广州塔CantonTower中央电视台总部大楼CCTVHeadquartersBuilding贵州北盘江大桥BeipanjiangBridgeinGuizhou国家体育场鸟巢NationalStadium-Bird'sNest广州塔CantonTower中央电视台总部大楼CCTVHeadquartersBuilding贵州北盘江大桥BeipanjiangBridgeinGuizhou钢结构建筑Steelstructurebuildings钢结构的构件Membersofsteelstructures钢结构的构件Membersofsteelstructures一I钢结构的结构体系Structuralsystemofsteelstructure钢结构由各类杆件通过不同的连接方式组成结构体系。Thesteelstructureconsistsofvariousbarsconnectedindifferentwaystoformastructuralsystem.桁架结构Trussstructure排架结构Bentstructure刚架结构Rigidframestructure钢结构由各类杆件通过不同的连接方式组成结构体系。Thesteelstructureconsistsofvariousbarsconnectedindifferentwaystoformastructuralsystem.网架结构Spacetrussstructure多高层结构Multi-high-risestructure（一）桁架结构(I)Trussstructure桁架是由杆件在杆端，通常用铰连接而成的结构，是格构化的一种梁式结构。Thetrussisakindofbeamstructure,whichisusuallycomposedofbarswiththehingedconnectionatthebarend.上弦杆Upperchordmember腹杆Webmember下弦杆Bottomchord平面桁架Planetruss空间桁架Spatialtruss桁架Truss平面桁架Planetruss空间桁架Spatialtruss（一）桁架结构(I)Trussstructure平面桁架Planetruss空间桁架Spatialtruss桁架Truss三角形桁架Triangulartruss平行弦桁架Parallelchordtruss折弦桁架Foldedchordtruss平面桁架Planetruss平面桁架Planetruss平面桁架桥Planetrussbridge屋架Rooftruss（一）桁架结构(I)Trussstructure北京大兴国际机场航站楼BeijingDaxingInternationalAirportTerminal（一）桁架结构(I)Trussstructure（二）排架结构(II)Bentstructure排架结构是指由梁（或桁架）与柱铰接、柱与基础刚接的结构形式，一般采用钢筋混凝土柱，多用于工业厂房。Bentstructurereferstothestructuralforminwhichbeams(ortrusses)arehingedwithcolumnsandcolumnsarerigidlyconnectedwiththefoundation.Itgenerallyusesreinforcedconcretecolumnsandisoftenusedinindustrialbuildings.上海宝钢生产车间ShanghaiBaosteelProductionWorkshop（三）刚架结构(III)Rigidframestructure刚架结构是梁、柱单元构件的组合体。Arigidframestructureisacompositebodyofbeamandcolumnmembers.（三）刚架结构(III)Rigidframestructure门式刚架的杆件部分或全部采用刚结点连接而成，是轻钢结构中最常见的一种结构形式。Thebarsoftheportal-rigidframearepartiallyorcompletelyconnectedbyrigidjoints,whichisthemostcommonstructuralforminlightsteelstructures.（三）刚架结构(III)Rigidframestructure门式刚架的杆件部分或全部采用刚结点连接而成，是轻钢结构中最常见的一种结构形式。Thebarsoftheportal-rigidframearepartiallyorcompletelyconnectedbyrigidjoints,whichisthemostcommonstructuralforminlightsteelstructures.（三）刚架结构(III)Rigidframestructure单跨双坡Single-spandouble-slope双跨双坡Double-spandouble-slope多跨双坡Multi-spandouble-slope单跨双坡带挑檐Single-spandouble-slopewithoverhangingeaves单跨单坡带毗屋Single-spansingle-slopewithcontiguoushouses双跨单坡Double-spansingle-slope纵向带夹层Longitudinalwithinterlayer端跨带夹层Endspanwithinterlayer按跨数分：Bynumberofspans:按起坡分：Bythestartingslope:门式刚架结构开间大，柱网布置灵活，广泛应用于各类工业厂房、仓库、体育馆等公共建筑。Theportalrigidframestructurehasalargebayandflexiblecolumngridarrangement,whichiswidelyusedinvariouspublicbuildingssuchasindustrialplants,warehouses,andgymnasiums.（四）多高层结构(IV)Multi-high-risestructure钢框架结构由梁和柱构成承重体系，承受竖向力和侧向力。Thesteelframestructureconsistsofbeamsandcolumnstoformaload-bearingsystemthatbearsverticalloadsandlateralloads.基本结构体系：Basicstructuralsystem:柱—支撑体系Column-supportsystem纯框架体系Pureframesystem框架—支撑体系Frame-supportsystem1.钢框架结构1.Steelframestructure（四）多高层结构(IV)Multi-high-risestructure框架—支撑体系Frame-supportsystem这种体系形式是在建筑的横向用纯钢框架，在纵向布置适当数量的竖向柱间支撑，用来加强纵向刚度，以减少框架的用钢量，并且由于横向纯钢框架无柱间支撑，便于生产、物流等功能的安排。Thissystemformusespuresteelframesinthetransversedirectionofthebuildingandarrangesanappropriatenumberofverticalinter-columnsupportsinthelongitudinaldirectiontostrengthenthelongitudinalstiffnessandreducetheamountofsteelusedbytheframe.Sincethereisnointer-columnsupportforthehorizontalpuresteelframe,itfacilitatesthearrangementofproduction,peopleflow,logistics,andotherfunctions.1.钢框架结构1.Steelframestructure（四）多高层结构(IV)Multi-high-risestructure这种体系形式是在建筑的横向用纯钢框架，在纵向布置适当数量的竖向柱间支撑，用来加强纵向刚度，以减少框架的用钢量，并且由于横向纯钢框架无柱间支撑，便于生产、物流等功能的安排。Thissystemformusespuresteelframesinthetransversedirectionofthebuildingandarrangesanappropriatenumberofverticalinter-columnsupportsinthelongitudinaldirectiontostrengthenthelongitudinalstiffnessandreducetheamountofsteelusedbytheframe.Sincethereisnointer-columnsupportforthehorizontalpuresteelframe,itfacilitatesthearrangementofproduction,peopleflow,logistics,andotherfunctions.1.钢框架结构1.Steelframestructure框架—支撑体系Frame-supportsystem（四）多高层结构(IV)Multi-high-risestructure这种体系形式是在建筑的横向用纯钢框架，在纵向布置适当数量的竖向柱间支撑，用来加强纵向刚度，以减少框架的用钢量，并且由于横向纯钢框架无柱间支撑，便于生产、物流等功能的安排。Thissystemformusespuresteelframesinthetransversedirectionofthebuildingandarrangesanappropriatenumberofverticalinter-columnsupportsinthelongitudinaldirectiontostrengthenthelongitudinalstiffnessandreducetheamountofsteelusedbytheframe.Sincethereisnointer-columnsupportforthehorizontalpuresteelframe,itfacilitatesthearrangementofproduction,peopleflow,logistics,andotherfunctions.1.钢框架结构1.Steelframestructure框架—支撑体系Frame-supportsystem（四）多高层结构(IV)Multi-high-risestructure这种体系形式是在建筑的横向用纯钢框架，在纵向布置适当数量的竖向柱间支撑，用来加强纵向刚度，以减少框架的用钢量，并且由于横向纯钢框架无柱间支撑，便于生产、物流等功能的安排。Thissystemformusespuresteelframesinthetransversedirectionofthebuildingandarrangesanappropriatenumberofverticalinter-columnsupportsinthelongitudinaldirectiontostrengthenthelongitudinalstiffnessandreducetheamountofsteelusedbytheframe.Sincethereisnointer-columnsupportforthehorizontalpuresteelframe,itfacilitatesthearrangementofproduction,peopleflow,logistics,andotherfunctions.1.钢框架结构1.Steelframestructure框架—支撑体系Frame-supportsystem（四）多高层结构(IV)Multi-high-risestructure框架剪力墙结构在框架结构的基础上加入了剪力墙以抵抗侧向力。剪力墙一般为钢筋混凝土，或采用钢混组合结构。Theframeshearwallstructureaddsashearwalltoresistlateralloadsbasedontheframestructure.Theshearwallisgenerallyreinforcedconcreteorsteel-concretecompositestructure.2.框架剪力墙结构2.Frameshearwallstructure（四）多高层结构(IV)Multi-high-risestructure这种结构体系一般由钢筋混凝土核心筒与外圈钢框架组合而成，核心筒墙体内可以设置一定数量的型钢骨架，外圈钢框架是由钢柱与钢梁刚接而成。Thisstructuralsystemtypicallyconsistsofareinforcedconcretecoretubeandanouterringsteelframe.Acertainnumberofsectionsteelskeletonscanbesetinsidethewallofthecoretube,andtheouterringsteelframeisrigidlyconnectedbysteelcolumnsandsteelbeams.3.框筒结构3.Frametubestructure许多钢结构的超高层建筑都是这样的框筒结构。Manysuperhigh-risebuildingswithsteelstructuresareofsuchframetubestructure.（五）网架结构(V)Spacetrussstructure网架结构是指由多根杆件按照一定的网格形式通过节点连结而成的空间结构。Thespacetrussstructurereferstothespatialstructureformedbyconnectingmultiplebarsthroughnodesinacertainmeshform.优点：用钢量省、空间刚度大、整体性好、易于标准化生产和现场拆装等。Advantages:Lowsteelconsumption,largespatialstiffness,goodintegrity,easystandardizedproduction,andon-sitedisassemblyandassembly.应用范围：车站、机场、体育场馆、影剧院等大跨度公共建筑。Applicationrange:Long-spanpublicbuildingssuchasstations,airports,stadiumsandcinemas.二II钢构件的主要受力形式Mainbearingformofsteelmember轴心受力构件Axiallyloadedmember受弯构件Flexuralmember拉弯和压弯构件Tension-bendingandcompression-bendingmember（一）轴心受力构件(I)Axiallyloadedmember平面桁架Planetruss空间桁架Spatialtruss1.轴心受力构件的应用1.Applicationofaxiallyloadedmembers（一）轴心受力构件(I)Axiallyloadedmember发射塔Launchingtower电力塔Electricitypylon1.轴心受力构件的应用1.Applicationofaxiallyloadedmembers（一）轴心受力构件(I)Axiallyloadedmember网架结构Spacetrussstructure网壳结构Shellstructure1.轴心受力构件的应用1.Applicationofaxiallyloadedmembers（一）轴心受力构件(I)Axiallyloadedmember桁架节点Trussnode网架节点Spacetrussnode1.轴心受力构件的应用1.Applicationofaxiallyloadedmembers（一）轴心受力构件(I)Axiallyloadedmember实腹式Solid-webtype格构式Latticetype2.截面形式2.Cross-sectionalform

（一）轴心受力构件(I)Axiallyloadedmember轧制型钢截面Rolledsteelsection2.截面形式——实腹式2.Cross-sectionalform—Solid-webtype钢管Steelpipe工字钢I-beamH型钢H-beam角钢组合截面Compositesectionofanglesteel槽钢Channelsteel角钢Anglesteel

（一）轴心受力构件(I)Axiallyloadedmember焊接组合截面Weldedcompositesection焊接工字形截面WeldedI-shapedsection焊接十字形截面Weldedcross-shapedsection焊接箱形截面Weldedboxsection2.截面形式——实腹式2.Cross-sectionalform—Solid-webtype

（一）轴心受力构件(I)Axiallyloadedmember2.截面形式——格构式2.Cross-sectionalform—Latticetype

双肢柱Double-limbcolumn

三肢柱Three-limbcolumn

四肢柱Four-limbcolumn

柱肢Columnlimb缀条Latticebar缀板Latticeplate（一）轴心受力构件(I)Axiallyloadedmember3.计算内容3.Calculationcontents轴心受拉构件Axialtensilemembers点击添加标题文字Clickheretoaddatitle轴心受压构件Axialcompressionmembers承载能力极限状态Ultimatelimitstateofbearingcapacity强度（材料屈服）Strength(materialyield)正常使用极限状态Serviceabilitylimitstate刚度（长细比）Stiffness(slendernessratio)承载能力极限状态Ultimatelimitstateofbearingcapacity强度（材料屈服）Strength(materialyield)整体稳定、局部稳定Overallstability,localstability正常使用极限状态Serviceabilitylimitstate刚度（长细比）Stiffness(slendernessratio)

（二）轴心受力构件(II)Axiallyloadedmembers1.实腹式受弯构件1.Solid-webflexuralmember2.格构式受弯构件2.Lattice-typeflexuralmember

（二）轴心受力构件(II)Axiallyloadedmembers1.实腹式受弯构件——梁1.Solid-webflexuralmember—Beam屋面梁Roofbeam吊车梁Cranebeam檩条Purlin

（二）轴心受力构件(II)Axiallyloadedmembers1.实腹式受弯构件——梁1.Solid-webflexuralmember—Beam实腹式Solid-webtype型钢梁Profilesteelbeam组合梁Compositebeam热轧型钢Hot-rolledsteel冷弯薄壁型钢Cold-formedthin-walledsteel焊接或栓接组合梁Weldedorboltedcompositebeam钢与混凝土组合梁Steel-concretecompositebeam异种钢组合梁Dissimilarsteelcompositebeam

（二）轴心受力构件(II)Axiallyloadedmembers1.实腹式受弯构件——梁1.Solid-webflexuralmember—Beam热轧型钢截面Hot-rolledsteelsection冷弯薄壁型钢截面Cold-formedthin-walledsteelsection截面分布合理，优先采用。Reasonablecross-sectiondistributionispreferred.

（二）轴心受力构件(II)Axiallyloadedmembers1.实腹式受弯构件——梁1.Solid-webflexuralmember—Beam组合截面Compositesection两层钢板加强翼缘Stiffenedflangewithtwolayersofsteelplates荷载较大或抗扭要求较高时采用Adoptedwhentheloadislargeorthehightorsionalrequirementsofthebeam

（二）轴心受力构件(II)Axiallyloadedmembers2.格构式受弯构件——

桁架2.Lattice-typeflexuralmember—Truss屋架Rooftruss托架Bracket吊车桁架Cranetruss

（二）轴心受力构件(II)Axiallyloadedmembers3.计算内容3.Calculationcontents承载能力极限状态Ultimatelimitstateofbearingcapacity强度Strength稳定性Stability抗弯强度Flexuralstrength抗剪强度Shearstrength局部压应力Localcompressivestress折算应力Reducedstress整体稳定Overallstability局部稳定Localstability翼缘Flange腹板（设置加劲肋）Webplate(withstiffeningribs)正常使用极限状态→刚度（挠度）Serviceabilitylimitstate→Stiffness(deflection)

（三）拉弯和压弯构件(III)Tension-bendingandcompression-bendingmembers1.拉弯和压弯构件的受力特点1.Loadcharacteristicsoftension-bendingandcompression-bendingmembers

偏心受力Eccentricstress横向荷载Lateralload端弯矩Endbendingmoment端弯矩Endbendingmoment

（三）拉弯和压弯构件(III)Tension-bendingandcompression-bendingmembers2.拉弯和压弯构件的应用2.Applicationoftension-bendingandcompression-bendingmembers有节间荷载的桁架杆件Trussbarswithinter-sectionloads计算简图CalculationDiagram

（三）拉弯和压弯构件(III)Tension-bendingandcompression-bendingmembers2.拉弯和压弯构件的应用2.Applicationoftension-bendingandcompression-bendingmembers工业厂房框架柱Factoryframecolumnsinindustrialplants计算简图CalculationDiagram框架柱Framecolumn

（三）拉弯和压弯构件(III)Tension-bendingandcompression-bendingmembers2.拉弯和压弯构件的应用2.Applicationoftension-bendingandcompression-bendingmembers多层或高层建筑中的框架柱