2025版高考英语一轮总复习10年高考真题分类题组专题七语法填空

专题七语法填空Passage1(2024北京)AWhydowedream?Scientistsarentcompletelysure,andtheyhavediverse1(idea).Dreamsmightbeasideeffectofmemorymaking.Whenyousleep,yourbrainsortsthrougheverything2happenedduringtheday,tryingtolinknewexperiencestooldmemories.Asit3(connect)things,yourbrainturnsthemintoastory,andyougetadream.

BSamisanin-real-lifestreamer(播主),andhelivestreamshimselfjustgoingabouthisday.Whileridinghisbikehome4acoldnight,hecameacrossasad-lookingelderlywomanwanderingthestreetsbyherself.Thepoorwomanwasntabletogivehimanyinformationabout5shelived.Samwalkedhertoanearbyconveniencestoresothatshecould6(safe)waitforthepolicetotakeherhome.

CThere7(be)adramaticriseinthenumberofextremeweathereventsoverthepast20years,8(cause)largelybyrisingglobaltemperatures,accordingtoanewreportfromtheUnitedNations.From2000to2024,therewere7,348majornaturaldisastersaroundtheworld,9(result)inUSD2,970billionineconomicloss.Muchofthisincreasecanbeduetoclimatechange.Thefindingsshowacriticalneed10(invest)indisasterprevention.

答案语篇解读本文为说明文,主题语境是人与自我,主题语境内容是做梦。文章主要阐述了人做梦的缘由。1.ideas解题指导考查名词复数形式。关注句意所透出的名词的数的形式。解析句意:科学家不是完全确定,并且他们有不同的观点。由diverse可知,此处应当用所给词的复数形式,即ideas。2.that解题指导考查定语从句。关注句意及句式结构。解析句意:当你睡觉时,你的大脑整理了白天所发生的一切,尽量把新的经验和旧的记忆联系起来。分析该处句式结构并结合句意可知,此处引导定语从句;再分析定语从句成分可知,定语从句缺少主语,再由前面的先行词everything为不定代词可知,此处只能填that。学问拓展在定语从句中,假如先行词是指物的不定代词,如everything、something、anything、nothing、all、little、alittle等,且定语从句中缺少主语、宾语或表语的时候,定语从句的关系代词只能用that,不能用which。3.connects解题指导考查动词的时态和语态。关注句式结构、整个语篇的时态及句子描述的情境。解析句意:当你的大脑连接事物时,它就会把它们变成一个故事,然后你就得到一个梦了。结合整个语篇的时态基调是一般现在时态,再分析此处是个状语从句,主句的时态用的是一般现在时,故从句的时态也应当用一般现在时,由主语为it且connect与主语为主动关系可知,此处应填connects。难句分析原句:Whenyousleep,yourbrainsortsthrougheverythingthathappenedduringtheday,tryingtolinknewexperiencestooldmemories.分析:本句中when引导的是时间状语从句,主句是“yourbrainsortsthrougheverythingthathappenedduringtheday,tryingtolinknewexperiencestooldmemories”,在主句里面有一个由that引导的定语从句,修饰前面的先行词everything。译文:当你睡觉时,你的大脑整理了白天所发生的一切,尽量把新的经验和旧的记忆联系起来。B语篇解读本文为记叙文,主题语境是人与社会,主题语境内容是人际关系、社会交往。文章主要叙述了萨姆帮助一个老妇人回家的事情。4.on解题指导考查介词。关注句意及句子描述的情境。解析句意:当他在一个寒冷的夜晚骑车回家时,他遇到一个独自一人在街道游荡、愁容满面的老妇人。这里指在“一个寒冷的夜晚”,故前面应当用on。5.where解题指导考查宾语从句。关注句意及句式结构。解析句意:老妇人无法向萨姆供应任何有关她住处的信息。分析该处句式结构并结合句意可知,此处引导宾语从句;再分析宾语从句成分并结合宾语从句意思可知,宾语从句缺少地点状语,故此处应填where。6.safely解题指导考查副词。关注句意及所给词后面的动词。解析句意:萨姆陪伴她走到旁边的一个便利店以便她能平安地等候警察来带她回家。由句意及所给词后面的动词可知,此处应当用所给词的副词形式,即safely。学问拓展walksb.tosomeplace意为“陪伴/护送某人走到某处”,为固定用法,这里的walk为及物动词,意为“陪伴……走,护送……走”。难句分析原句:Samwalkedhertoanearbyconveniencestoresothatshecouldsafelywaitforthepolicetotakeherhome.分析:这是一个主从复合句。主句部分是:Samwalkedhertoanearbyconveniencestore,后面是由“sothat”引导的目的状语从句。译文:萨姆陪伴她走到旁边的一个便利店以便她能平安地等候警察来带她回家。C语篇解读本文为说明文,主题语境是人与自然,主题语境内容是气候变更与自然灾难。文章主要阐述了近二十年全球气候变更导致了大量的自然灾难的发生。7.hasbeen解题指导考查动词的时态。关注句中的关键性时间状语。解析句意:依据联合国的一份新报告:在过去的二十年,出现了极端天气事务数量的急剧增多,这很大程度上是由全球气温不断上升所导致的。由句中的关键性时间状语“overthepast20years”可知,此处应当用现在完成时态。8.caused解题指导考查动词的非谓语形式。关注句意、句子结构及句中关键词。解析分析整个句子可知,尽管句子很长,但它只是个简洁句,故该处不能填谓语动词,只能填动词的非谓语形式;由空后的关键词by并结合句意可知,此处应填过去分词caused,表示被动。9.resulting解题指导考查动词的非谓语形式。关注句意和句子结构。解析句意:从2000年到2024年,全球共有7,348次严峻的自然灾难,导致29,700亿美元的经济损失。分析整个句子可知,句子前面是“therebe”句型,后面用现在分词表示结果。10.toinvest解题指导考查动词的非谓语形式。关注句意和句子结构。解析分析句子可知,这里的need为名词,意为“须要、需求”,后面应当用动词不定式形式作后置定语,修饰need。难句分析原句:Therehasbeenadramaticriseinthenumberofextremeweathereventsoverthepast20years,causedlargelybyrisingglobaltemperatures,accordingtoanewreportfromtheUnitedNations.分析:这是一个简洁句。句子前面是“therebe”句型,后面的过去分词短语“causedlargelybyrisingglobaltemperatures”作后置定语,修饰前面的“rise”。译文:依据联合国的一份新报告:在过去的二十年,出现了极端天气事务数量的急剧增多,这很大程度上是由全球气温不断上升所导致的。Passage2(2024北京)AOliverisahostofaTVprogrammeonfood.Hesaysfood1.(play)abigroleinhislife.“Mymumwasagreatcook,andshe'dsometimesletmehaveatry,”hesaid.ThefirstdishOliverpreparedforhisfamilywasfriedchickenwings.Hemadeitwithhismum'shelp.Oliversaysifyou're2.(luck)enoughtohavesomeoneclosetoyouwhoenjoyscooking,askthem3.youcanjoininwhenit'spossible.

BSingle-useplasticbagsareusedatmostafewtimesbeforethey4.(throw)away.Ittakesthemhundredsofyears5.(break)down.Manyofthesebagsendupintheoceanwherelargeronescantrapseacreatures,suchasturtlesanddolphins.Overtime,thebagsfallapart6.countlesstinypieces,andfishcanaccidentallyeatsomeofthem.Now,lotsof7.(country)andregionsaretakingactiontobanthesaleofsuchbagstostoppeopleusingthem.

CApieceofstone8.(find)onaDutchbeachsuggeststhatourextincthumanrelatives,knownasNeanderthals,wereclevererthanpreviouslythought.TheNeanderthals9.(live)alongsidehumanancestorsinEuropefortensofthousandsofyears,beforedyingoutabout40,000yearsago.Theyweremuchstrongerthanmodernhumans,butit'slongbeenassumedthathumanancestorswere10.(smart)thantheNeanderthals.However,thestonetoolmadebyNeanderthalssuggestsotherwise.

答案A[语篇解读]本文为记叙文。主题语境为人与自我。本文讲解并描述了美食电视节目的主持人奥利弗对美食的看法。本文旨在使读者更加酷爱生活。1.plays/hasplayed/isplaying/hasbeenplaying本题考查时态。依据主句谓语动词says(一般现在时)及本句语境可知设空处需用现在的某种时态,可用一般现在时、现在完成时、现在进行时或现在完成进行时。2.lucky本题考查形容词。设空处作表语,表示“幸运的”,故填形容词lucky。3.if/whether本题考查宾语从句。设空处引导宾语从句,意为“是否”,故填if或whether。B[语篇解读]本文为说明文。主题语境为人与自然。本文主要介绍了一次性塑料袋对生态环境的危害。本文旨在提高读者的环保意识。4.arethrown句意:一次性塑料袋至多运用几次就被扔掉。本题考查时态和语态。设空处所在句子说的是现在的状况,需用一般现在时;从句主语they与throw为被动关系,需用被动语态,故填arethrown。5.tobreak句意:它们须要几百年才能分解。本题考查非谓语动词。“Ittakes+sb./sth.+一段时间+todo”为固定句型,故填不定式too/to句意:随着时间的推移,那些袋子会分解成多数的小碎片,鱼会不当心吃掉其中的一些。设空处前为动词短语,设空处后为名词复数,由此可推断设空处需用介词;设空处与fallapart连用,表示“分解成”,故填into或to。7.countries句意:现在,很多国家和地区正在实行行动禁止销售这样的袋子,以阻挡人们运用它们。设空处与后面的regions并列作主语,由此可推断设空处需用名词形式;依据设空处前的lotsof可知设空处需用名词复数形式,故填countries。C[语篇解读]本文为说明文。主题语境为人与社会。在荷兰海滩上发觉的一块石头表明,已经灭亡的人类的近亲尼安德特人比我们之前认为的更聪慧。8.found句意:在荷兰海滩上发觉的一块石头表明,已经灭亡的人类的近亲尼安德特人比我们之前认为的更聪慧。本题考查非谓语动词。被修饰词stone与find为逻辑上的被动关系,且设空处表示的动作“已经完成”,故填过去分词found。9.lived/hadlived/hadbeenliving句意:尼安德特人与人类祖先一起在欧洲生活了数万年,直到大约4万年前灭亡。设空处所在句子说的是过去的事情,故设空处需用过去的某种时态,再依据本句的时间状语“fortensofthousandsofyears”可知设空处可用一般过去时、过去完成时或过去完成进行时。10.smarter句意:他们比现代人类强壮得多,但长期以来人们始终认为人类祖先比尼安德特人聪慧。依据设空处后的than可知设空处需用形容词比较级作表语,故填smarter。Passage3(2024北京)AOnthefirstdayofmyfirstgrade,Istoodbythedoorwithbutterfliesinmystomach.I1.(voice)mybiggestconcerntomymother,“HowwillImakefriends?”Shehandedmeadvice,“Beyourself.”Forthepast20years,Ihavelivedbythesewords.SoonIwillgraduateandbecomepartoftherealworld.Nervously2.(face)challenges,IknowIwillwhisperto3.(I)thetwosimplewords“Beyourself”.

BEarthDay,4.(mark)on22April,isanannualeventaimingtoraisepublicawarenessaboutenvironmentalprotection.Firstcelebrated5.1970,theDaynowincludeseventsinmorethan190countriesandregions(地区).Nomatterwhatyouliketodo,thereisawaytogetinvolvedinvarious6.(activity)onEarthDay.Youcanplantatree,makeamealwithlocallygrownvegetables,orsavepower—thepossibilitiesareendless.

CDoesthenameofthecollegeyouattendreallymatter?Researchonthequestion7.(suggest)that,formoststudents,itdoesn't.Whatstudentsdoatcollegeseemstomattermuchmorethan8.theygo.Thestudentsbenefittingmostfromcollegearethose9.aretotallyengaged(参与)inacademiclife,takingfulladvantageofthecollege'schancesandresources(资源).Studentsshouldhaveaproperattitudetowardscollegebeforethinkingaboutwhichcollegetoattend,andit'snevertooearlytomakenecessarypreparationsforahealthyand10.(meaning)collegeexperience.

答案A[语篇解读]本文为记叙文,主题语境是人与自我。本文有助于提升学生自身素养,拥有正确处理问题的实力。本文记述了作者从自己一年级的经验中学到:在面对困难时,要做好自己。1.voiced考查时态。依据上文Onthefirstdayofmyfirstgrade可知此处是指发生在过去的事情,故用一般过去时。2.facing考查现在分词。句意:当惊慌地面对挑战的时候,我知道我将低声对自己说这两个简洁的词“Beyourself”。现在分词facing作状语,说明说明在什么状况下说“Beyourself”。3.myself考查反身代词。此处指低声对自己说,句子的主语和宾语指同一个人,故设空处应当填myself。B[语篇解读]本文为说明文,主题语境是人与自然。本文旨在提升学生的环保意识。文章介绍了地球日,并且倡议我们每个人尽一份力,让我们的地球变得更好。4.marked考查过去分词。marked为过去分词,在句中作定语,说明地球日被庆祝的时间。5.in考查介词。句意:地球日首次庆祝于1970年,现在它包括在190多个国家和地区举办的活动。详细在哪一年用介词in。6.activities考查名词。句意:无论你想做什么,在地球日这一天,都有一种参与各种活动的方式。依据句中various可知,设空处应用名词的复数形式。C[语篇解读]本文为说明文,主题语境是人与社会。文章提到高校生在高校期间怎么做,做什么很重要,主动参与高校的各种活动会让学生受益匪浅。7.suggests/suggested/hassuggested考查时态。句意:对这个问题的探讨表明,对大部分学生来说无所谓。依据itdoesn't可知是现在的状况,故suggest用一般现在时或现在完成时,但该从句所表达的是客观事实,故主句谓语动词用一般过去时也可以。8.where考查名词性从句。句意:学生们在高校里所做的事好像要比他们上哪所高校重要得多。设空处引导宾语从句,该从句缺少地点状语,故填where。9.who/that考查定语从句。句意:从高校中最受益的学生是那些全力地参与学术生活,同时充分利用高校机会和资源的人。设空处引导定语从句,先行词是those,指人,关系词在从句中作主语,指代学生,故此处填关系代词who或that。10.meaningful考查形容词。为健康且有意义的高校经验做必要的打算,越早越好。collegeexperience是名词短语,应当用形容词来修饰,且设空处所填词和healthy并列,故设空处应用meaning的形容词形式meaningful。高级词块1.withbutterfliesinone'sstomach心慌,惊慌2.raisepublicawarenessabout...提高公众对……的相识长难句Thestudentsbenefittingmostfromcollegearethosewhoaretotallyengagedinacademiclife,takingfulladvantageofthecollege'schancesandresources.从高校中最受益的学生是那些全力地参与学术生活,同时充分利用高校机会和资源的人。这是一个主从复合句。主句是Thestudentsbenefittingmostfromcollegearethose。those是先行词,whoaretotallyengagedinacademiclife是定语从句。takingfulladvantageofthecollege'schancesandresources为现在分词短语作状语,补充说明学生所做的活动。Passage4(2016课标全国Ⅰ)Chengduhasdozensofnewmillionaires,Asia'sbiggestbuildingandfancynewhotels.Butfortouristslikeme,pandasareitstop1.(attract).

Soitwasagreathonourtobeinvitedbackstageatthenot-for-profitPandaBase,whereticketmoneyhelpspayforresearch.I2.(allow)togetupclosetothesecuteanimalsatthe600-acrecentre.Fromtomorrow,IwillbetheirUKambassador.Thetitlewillbe3.(official)giventomeataceremonyinLondon.Butmyconnectionwithpandasgoesback4.mydaysonaTVshowinthemid-1980s,5.IwasthefirstWesternTVreporter6.(permit)tofilmaspecialunitcaringforpandasrescuedfromstarvationinthewild.Myambassadorialdutieswillinclude7.(introduce)Britishvisitorstothe120-pluspandasatChengduandothersataresearchcentreinthemistymountainsofBifengxia.

Onmyrecentvisit,Iheldalivelythree-month-oldtwinthathadbeenrejectedby8.(it)mother.Thenurseryteamswitcheshimeveryfew9.(day)withhissistersothatwhileoneisbeingbottle-fed,10.otheriswithmum—sheneversuspects.

答案[语篇解读]本文为记叙文。文章描述了作者和熊猫结下的不解之缘。1.attraction考查名词。设空处作表语。句意:但是对于像我这样的旅行者,熊猫是成都最吸引人的东西。attractionn.吸引人的事物。2.wasallowed考查动词的时态和语态。由句子结构可知此处为谓语动词。主语“I”和动词“allow”之间为被动关系,依据上句中的谓语动词was可知,文章叙述的是过去发生的事,需用一般过去时,故此处需用一般过去时的被动语态。3.officially考查副词。此处用副词修饰动词。4.to考查介词。gobackto“追溯到,回溯到”,为固定短语。5.when考查定语从句。先行词themid-1980s为表示时间的名词,且关系词在定语从句中作时间状语,故用关系副词when引导。6.permitted考查非谓语动词。此处应用过去分词作后置定语。7.introducing考查动名词。动词include后缺宾语,需用所给动词的动名词形式作宾语。8.its考查代词。此处为it的形容词性物主代词,意为“它的”。9.days考查名词的复数形式。few修饰可数名词复数,故其后的名词需用复数形式。10.the考查冠词。one...theother...“(两者中的)一个……另外一个……”,为固定结构。高级词块1.fancy/ˈfænsi/adj.豪华的2.backstage/ˌbækˈsteɪʤ/adv.到后台3.switch/swɪtʃ/v.转换4.suspect/səˈspekt/v.怀疑Passage5(2016课标全国Ⅱ)Ifyoufeelstressedbyresponsibilitiesatwork,youshouldtakeastepbackandidentify(识别)thoseof1.(great)andlessimportance.Then,handlethemostimportanttasksfirstsoyou'llfeelarealsenseof2.(achieve).Leavingthelessimportantthingsuntiltomorrow3.(be)oftenacceptable.

Mostofusaremorefocused4.ourtasksinthemorningthanwearelaterintheday.So,getanearlystartandtrytobeasproductive5.possiblebeforelunch.Thiswillgiveyoutheconfidenceyouneedtogetyouthroughtheafternoonandgohomefeelingaccomplished.

Recent6.(study)showthatwearefarmoreproductiveatworkifwetakeshortbreaks7.(regular).Giveyourbodyandbrainarestbysteppingoutsidefor8.while,exercising,ordoingsomethingyouenjoy.

Ifyoufindsomethingyoulovedoingoutsideoftheoffice,you'llbelesslikely9.(bring)yourworkhome.Itcouldbeanything—gardening,cooking,music,sports—butwhateveritis,10.(make)sureit'sarelieffromdailystressratherthananotherthingtoworryabout.

答案[语篇解读]假如在工作中你感到了压力,如何解决?作者给出了几种好用的减压方式,可让身心得到放松。1.greater考查形容词比较级。依据此句中less,可知应当用great的比较级和less并列。2.achievement考查名词。依据介词of,可知设空处应当填名词形式,asenseofachievement一种成就感,此处achievement是不行数名词。3.is考查主谓一样和时态。动名词作句子主语,谓语动词用单数形式且描述一般事实,故用is。4.on考查介词。我们大多数人早晨比一天中晚些时候更集中留意力于我们的工作。befocusedon集中留意力于。5.as考查短语。as...aspossible尽可能……。6.studies考查名词单复数。依据句中的谓语动词show,可知主语应当用复数形式,故填studies。7.regularly考查副词。此处应当用副词形式作状语。8.A考查冠词。forawhile是固定短语,意为:一会儿。9.tobring考查不定式。belikelytodosth.为固定短语,意为:有可能做某事。10.make考查祈使句。但是无论是什么事,确保它是消退日常压力的事情而不是另一件让人担忧的事情。高级词块1.achievement/əˈtʃiːvmənt/n.成就;达到,完成2.productive/prəˈdʌktɪv/adj.富有成效的Passage6(2016课标全国Ⅲ)InmuchofAsia,especiallytheso-called“ricebowl”culturesofChina,Japan,Korea,1.Vietnam,foodisusuallyeatenwithchopsticks.

Chopsticksareusuallytwolong,thinpiecesofwoodorbamboo.Theycanalsobemadeofplastic,animalboneormetal.Sometimeschopsticksarequiteartistic.Trulyelegantchopsticksmight2.(make)ofgoldandsilverwithChinesecharacters.Skilledworkersalsocombinevarioushardwoodsandmetal3.(create)specialdesigns.

TheChinesehaveusedchopsticksforfivethousandyears.Peopleprobablycookedtheirfoodinlargepots,4.(use)twigs(树枝)toremoveit.Overtime,5.thepopulationgrew,peoplebegancuttingfoodintosmallpiecessoitwouldcookmorequickly.Foodinsmallpiecescouldbeeateneasilywithtwigswhich6.(gradual)turnedintochopsticks.

SomepeoplethinkthatthegreatChinesescholarConfucius,7.livedfromroughly551to479B.C.,influencedthe8.(develop)ofchopsticks.Confuciusbelievedkniveswouldremindpeopleofkillingsand9.(be)tooviolentforuseatthetable.

ChopsticksarenotusedeverywhereinAsia.InIndia,forexample,mostpeopletraditionallyeat10.theirhands.

答案[语篇解读]本文为说明文。文章主要介绍了筷子及其发展的历史。1.and考查并列连词。此处表示并列关系而不是选择关系,其模式为“A,B,CandD”。故填并列连词and。2.bemade考查情态动词和被动语态。bemadeof表示“由……制成”,依据设空前的情态动词might可知,此处填bemade。3.tocreate考查不定式。此处不定式作目的状语。4.using考查现在分词。现在分词在此处作伴随状语。5.as/when考查连词。依据语境可知,此处用连词as/when引导时间状语从句。6.gradually考查副词。此处用副词修饰turnedinto。7.who考查定语从句。此处为非限制性定语从句,先行词Confucius(孔子)指人,故需用关系代词who引导定语从句。8.development考查名词。由设空前的冠词the和设空后的of可知应用名词。9.were考查动词时态和主谓一样。由并列连词and连接宾语从句中的两个并列结构可知和wouldremind并列的应为谓语动词,故用be动词的过去式,又因knives为复数形式,故用were。10.with考查介词。由语境可知设空处意为“用”,故填with。高级词块1.so-called/ˈsəʊˈkɔːld/adj.所谓的2.roughly/ˈrʌfli/adv.大约Passage7(2016上海,A)BagsofLoveLastyear,Iwasassignedtoworkatanofficenearmymother'shouse,soIstayedwithherforamonth.Duringthattime,Ihelpedoutwiththehouseworkandcontributedtothegroceries.Afterlessthanaweek,Istartednoticingthatthegrocerieswererunningoutprettyquickly—wewerealwayssuddenlyoutofsomething.1.(wonder)howmymumcouldconsumethemsoquickly,Ibeganobservingherdailyroutinefortwoweeks.Tomysurprise,Ifoundthatshewouldpackapaperbagfullofcannedgoodsandheadouteverymorningataboutnine.Eventually,Idecidedtofollowherand2.happenedtrulyamazedme.Shewastakingthefoodtotherefugeecamp,in3.shedistributedittochildren.

Iaskedaroundandfoundoutthatmymumwasverywellknowninthearea.Thekidswereveryfriendlywithherandevenlookeduptoherasifsheweretheirownmother.Thenithitme—whywouldshenotwanttotellmeaboutwhatshe4.(do)?WassheworriedabouthowIwouldreactorthatIwouldstop5.(buy)thegroceriesifIfoundout?

Whenshegothome,Itoldheraboutmydiscovery.6.shecouldreact,Igaveherabighugandtoldhershedidn'tneedtokeepitasecret7.me.Shetoldmethatsomeofthechildrenlivedwithanolderladyinashelterwhileotherssleptonthestreets.Foryears,mymumhasbeenhelpingoutbygivingthemwhateverfoodshecouldspare.Iwassoimpressedby8.selflessshewas.

答案[语篇解读]本文为记叙文。文章讲解并描述了作者母亲犯难民营里的孩子供应食物的故事,同时作者也意识到自己母亲的无私宏大。1.Wondering考查非谓语动词。主语I与wonder是逻辑上的主动关系,故填Wondering。2.what考查名词性从句。主语从句中缺少主语且指物,故用what引导。3.which考查定语从句。此处关系代词前有介词in,故用which。4.haddone考查动词的时态。在这之前母亲没有告知作者她这样做的缘由,动作发生在“过去的过去”,故用haddone。5.buying考查非谓语动词。stopdoingsth.“停止做某事”,故用buying。6.Before考查连词。依据语境,母亲还将来得及做出反应,“我”就给了她一个拥抱,故用Before。7.from考查介词。keepsth.fromsb.为固定搭配,意为“不将某事告知某人,瞒着某人”。8.how考查宾语从句。selfless为形容词,用副词how来修饰。高级词块1.contributeto出力做……,帮助2.beoutofsth.用完某物3.distributesth.tosb.把某物分发给某人Passage8(2016上海,B)Stress:GoodorBad?Stressusedtobeanalmostunknownword,butnowthatweareusedtotalkingaboutit,Ihavefoundthatpeoplearebeginningtogetstressedaboutbeingstressed.Inrecentyears,stress1.(regard)asacauseofawholerangeofmedicalproblems,fromhighbloodpressuretomentalillness.Butlikesomanyotherthings,itisonlytoomuchstress2.doesyouharm.Itistimeyouconsideredthatiftherewerenostressinyourlife,youwouldachievelittle.Ifyouarestuckathomewithnostress,thenyourlevelofperformancewillbelow.Uptoacertainpoint,themorestressyouareunder,the3.(good)yourperformancewillbe.Beyondacertainpoint,though,furtherstresswillonlyleadtoexhaustion,illnessandfinallyabreakdown.Youcantellwhenyouareoverthetopandonthedownwardslope,byaskingyourself4.numberofquestions.Doyou,forinstance,feelthattoomuchisbeingexpectedof5.,andyetfinditimpossibletosayno?Doyoufindyourselfgettingimpatientor6.(annoy)withpeopleoverunimportantthings?...Iftheanswertoallthosequestionsisyes,youhadbetter7.(control)yourstress,asyouprobablyareundermorestressthanisgoodforyou.

Tosomeextentyoucancontroltheamountofstressinyourlife.Doctorshaveworkedoutachartshowinghowmuchstressisinvolvedinvariousevents.Gettingmarriedis50,pregnancy40,movinghouse20,Christmas12,etc.Ifthetotalstressinyourlifeisover150,youaretwiceaslikely8.(get)ill.

答案[语篇解读]本文为说明文,讲解并描述压力从不为人知演化为各种疾病的成因之一。适当的压力对人们有利,而当压力超过肯定的限度,就会对人体造成危害。1.hasbeenregarded依据句中的时间状语“Inrecentyears”可知,时态应为现在完成时,故填hasbeenregarded。2.that本句为强调句型Itis+被强调部分+that+其他成分,故填that。3.better本句采纳“the+比较级...,the+比较级...越……,就越……”结构。4.Aanumberof为固定搭配,意为“大量的”。5.you考查人称代词。你有没有觉得他人对你的期盼太多?故答案为you。6.annoyedor为并列连词,这里修饰人,故填annoyed。7.controlhadbetterdosth.最好做某事。8.togetbelikelytodosth.有可能做某事。高级词块1.getstressedabout...对……感到焦虑2.awholerangeof一系列的Passage9(2016四川)Thegiantpanda1.(love)bypeoplethroughouttheworld.Chinesescientists2.(recent)hadachancetostudyawildfemalepandawithanewbornbaby.Shewasavery3.(care)mother.For25days,sheneverleftherbaby,noteventofindsomething4.(eat)!Shewouldnotletanyotherpandascomenear.Shelickedthebabyconstantlytokeepitclean.Anysmellmightattractnatural5.(enemy)thatwouldtrytoeatthelittlepanda.Themotherheldthebabyinherfrontpawsmuchthewayahumandoes.6.itcried,sherockeditbackandforthandgaveitlittlecomfortingpats.Themothercontinuedtocarefortheyoungpanda7.morethantwoyears.Bythattime,thepandanolongerneeded8.(it)motherforfood.However,itstayedwithherandlearnedaboutthewaysoftheforest.Then,aftertwoandahalfyears,themother9.(drive)theyoungpandaaway.Itwastimeforhertohaveanewbaby,10.itwasalsotimefortheyoungpandatobeindependent.

答案[语篇解读]中国科学家有机会探讨了一只野生大熊猫哺育熊猫宝宝的过程。小熊猫诞生以后,熊猫妈妈片刻不离,悉心照看孩子,两年以后,小熊猫跟妈妈学习生存技巧,两年半以后,小熊猫离开妈妈独立生活。1.isloved考查动词的时态和语态。大熊猫被全世界的人喜爱是事实,应当用一般现在时;panda和love之间是被动关系,故答案是isloved。2.recently考查副词。此处需用时间副词。3.caring/careful考查形容词。mother是名词,须要用形容词来修饰,结合下文可知答案为caring/careful。4.toeat考查非谓语动词。此处应用动词不定式作后置定语。5.enemies考查名词复数。enemy为可数名词,天敌有多种,因此应用复数形式。6.When/If考查连词。此处引导状语从句,依据句意可知,当熊猫宝宝哭的时候/假如熊猫宝宝哭,熊猫妈妈会轻摇并轻拍它。故用When/If,留意在句首,首字母应当大写。7.for考查介词。设空处后边的morethantwoyears是一段时间,故用介词for。8.its考查代词。设空处是指“它的”,故用its。9.drove考查时态。此处指熊猫妈妈把小熊猫从身边赶走,此事已经发生,故用一般过去时。10.and考查连词。这是它再要一个宝宝的时候了,也是小熊猫该独立的时候了。空格前后为并列关系,故用and。高级词块1.lick/lɪk/v.舔2.pat/pæt/n.轻拍3.driveaway驱逐Passage10(2015课标全国Ⅰ)Yangshuo,ChinaItwasraininglightlywhenI1(arrive)inYangshuojustbeforedawn.ButIdidn'tcare.Afewhours2,I'dbeenathomeinHongKong,with3(it)chokingsmog.Here,theairwascleanandfresh,evenwiththerain.

I'dskippednearbyGuilin,adreamplacefortouristsseekingthelimestonemountaintopsanddarkwatersoftheLiRiver4arepicturedbyartistsinsomanyChinese5(painting).Instead,I'dheadedstraightforYangshuo.ForthosewhoflytoGuilin,it'sonlyanhouraway6carandoffersallthesceneryofthebetter-knowncity.

Yangshuo7(be)reallybeautiful.Astudyoftravelers8(conduct)bythewebsiteTripAdvisornamesYangshuoasoneofthetop10destinationsintheworld.AndthetownisfastbecomingapopularweekenddestinationforpeopleinAsia.Abercrombie&Kent,atravelcompanyinHongKong,saysit9(regular)arrangesquickgetawayshereforpeople10(live)inShanghaiandHongKong.

答案1.arrived考查动词的时态。由语境可知说的是过去的事,故用一般过去时。2.before/earlier考查副词。由句子的谓语动词是过去完成时可知,该动作发生在“过去之前”,故填before或earlier。3.its考查代词。此处为形容词性物主代词作定语修饰名词smog。4.that/which考查定语从句。先行词为thelimestonemountaintopsanddarkwatersoftheLiRiver,指物,且关系词在定语从句中作主语,故填关系代词that或which。定语从句是高考语法的必考点。主要考查关系代词和关系副词的选用。试题难度不大,关键是精确地找到先行词,然后推断关系词在定语从句中的句法作用。5.paintings考查名词的复数形式。名词前有many修饰,故需用复数形式。6.by考查介词。by乘,坐(交通工具等)。bycar坐小汽车。7.is考查动词的时态和主谓一样。此处叙述的是客观事实,故用一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数,故填is。8.conducted考查过去分词短语作定语。主语astudy和动词conduct之间为被动关系,故用过去分词形式。9.regularly考查副词。修饰动词arranges应用副词形式。10.living考查现在分词短语作定语。被修饰的名词与动词live之间为主动关系,故用现在分词形式。本题考查非谓语动词作定语。非谓语动词是高考语法考查的重点。本题同第8题一样,考查分词作定语。解题的关键是弄清动词和其逻辑主语之间是主动关系还是被动关系。Passage11(2015课标全国Ⅱ)Theadobedwellings(土坯房)1(build)bythePuebloIndiansoftheAmericanSouthwestareadmiredbyeven2mostmodernofarchitectsandengineers.Inadditiontotheirsimplebeauty,whatmakestheadobedwellingsadmirableistheir3(able)to“aircondition”ahousewithout4(use)electricequipment.Wallsmadeofadobetakeintheheatfromthesunonhotdaysandgiveoutthatheat5(slow)duringcoolnights,thuswarmingthehouse.Whenanewdaybreaks,thewallshavegivenuptheirheatandarenowcoldenough6(cool)thehouseduringthehotday;7thesametime,theywarmupagainforthenight.Thiscycle8(go)dayafterday:Thewallswarmupduringthedayandcooloffduringthenightandarethusalwaysatimelyoffset(抵消)fortheoutsidetemperatures.As9(nature)architects,thePuebloIndiansfiguredoutexactly10thicktheadobewallsneededtobetomakethecycleworkonmostdays.

答案[语篇解读]你见过不用空调就能自动调整温度的房子吗?美国西南部的普韦布洛村落的印第安人就能修建这样的房子。本文介绍了普韦布洛村落的印第安人的奇妙土坯房以及其自动调温的过程和原理。1.built考查非谓语动词作定语。非谓语动词所表示的动作与其逻辑主语为逻辑上的被动关系,故用built。2.the考查冠词。该空后面是最高级标记词most,表示“最……”,故用定冠词the。3.ability考查词性转换。该空由their修饰,依据句意及the/one'sabilitytodo的固定搭配可知应填名词ability。4.using考查非谓语动词作宾语。该空前有介词without,故用using。5.slowly考查词性转换。该空修饰动词短语giveout,故用副词形式。6.tocool考查非谓语动词作状语。“be+adj.+enough”后需用不定式作状语。7.at考查介词。依据固定搭配atthesametime(同时)可知答案。8.goes考查动词的时态和主谓一样。整篇文章均用一般现在时叙述,且Thiscycle为第三人称单数,故用goes。9.natural考查词性转换。该空修饰名词architects,应用形容词natural。10.how考查宾语从句的引导词。此处说的是“普韦布洛村落的印第安人可以精确地计算出土坯房的墙须要有‘多’厚”,故填how。Passage12(2015广东)Mr.Johnsonlivedinthewoodswithhiswifeandchildren.Heowned1farm,whichlookedalmostabandoned.2(lucky),healsohadacowwhichproducedmilkeveryday.Hesoldorexchangedsomeofthemilkinthetownsnearby3otherfoodandmadecheeseandbutterforthefamilywithwhat4(leave).Thecowwastheironlymeansofsupport,infact.Oneday,thecowwaseatinggrass5itbegantorainheavily.Whilemakinggreateffortstorunaway,she6(fall)overthehillanddied.ThentheJohnsonshadtomakealiving7thecow.Inordertosupporthisfamily,Mr.Johnsonbegantoplantherbsandvegetables.Sincetheplantstookawhiletogrow,hestartedcuttingdowntrees8(sell)thewood.Thinkingabouthischildren'sclothes,hestartedgrowingcottontoo.Whenharvestcamearound,hewasalreadysellingherbs,vegetablesandcottoninthemarket9peoplefromthetownsmetregularly.Nowitoccurredto10thathisfarmhadmuchpotentialandthatthedeathofthecowwasabitofluck.

答案[语篇解读]本文为记叙文,题材为人物故事类。本文讲解并描述了主子公Mr.Johnson的生活经验。虽然他意外地失去了以往用以谋生的奶牛,却在之后的生活中收获了更多,可谓“塞翁失马焉知非福”。1.a考查冠词。本空后为单数名词farm,且第一次提到,故填a。冠词是高考语法考查的必考项之一,主要考查冠词表泛指或特指的基本用法以及冠词的习惯用法。本题考查的就是不定冠词表泛指的基本用法。2.Luckily考查词性转换。本空修饰整个句子,应用副词形式,故填Luckily。3.for考查介词。exchange...for...用……交换……。4.wasleft考查动词的时态和语态。谓语动词和主语之间为被动关系,应用被动语态,又因为动作发生在过去应用一般过去时,故填wasleft。5.when考查连词。此句中when意为“这时”。6.fell考查动词的时态。此空前为主语she,依据语境可知应用一般过去时,故填fell。7.without考查介词。依据上文可知Mr.Johnson失去了他的奶牛,且此空后为thecow,故用介词without。8.tosell考查非谓语动词。依据语境可知此处表示他起先砍伐树木的目的,故填tosell。9.where考查定语从句。先行词是表地点的名词market,关系词在定语从句中作地点状语,故填where。10.him考查代词。依据句型Itoccurredtosb.that...“某人想到……”及上下文中的人称运用状况可知答案。Passage13(2014课标全国Ⅰ)Areyoufacingasituationthatlooksimpossibletofix?In1969,thepollutionwasterriblealongtheCuyahogaRivernearCleveland,Ohio.It1(be)unimaginablethatitcouldeverbecleanedup.Theriverwassopollutedthatit2(actual)caughtfireandburned.Now,yearslater,thisriverisoneof3mostoutstandingexamplesofenvironmentalcleanup.

Buttheriverwasn'tchangedinafewdays4evenafewmonths.Ittookyearsofwork5(reduce)theindustrialpollutionandcleanthewater.Finally,thathardworkpaidoffandnowthewaterintheriveris6(clean)thanever.

Maybeyouarefacinganimpossiblesituation.Maybeyouhaveahabit7isdrivingyourfamilycrazy.Possiblyyoudrinktoomuchordon'tknowhowtocontrolyourcreditcarduse.Whenyoufacesuchanimpossiblesituation,don'tyouwantaquickfixandsomethingtochangeimmediately?

Whilethereare8(amaze)storiesofinstanttransformation,formostofusthe9(change)aregradualandrequirealotofeffortandwork,likecleaningupapollutedriver.Justbe10(patience).

答案[语篇解读]本文以花费多年时间解决河流污染为例来告诫我们:当我们面临貌似不行能改善的状况时,肯定要有耐性,变更是按部就班的,是须要付出很多努力的。1.was考查时态。句意:当时很难想象这条河流能够被清理干净。上一句提到In1969,所以此处要用一般过去时。2.actually考查词性转换。该空处修饰动词,所以要用副词形式actually,意为“事实上,事实上”。3.the考查冠词。句意:多年之后,现在这条河流成了环境清理最杰出的例子之一。此处是“oneof+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”结构。4.or考查连词。句意:但是这条河流不是在几天内变更的,甚至也不是在几个月内变更的。or用于否定句中,意为“也不,也不是,也没有”。5.toreduce考查非谓语动词。句意:削减工业污染和净化河水花费了多年的工作。Ittakes/took...todosth.做某事花费……,为固定句式,故填动词不定式toreduce。该句式中it是形式主语,不定式短语才是真正的主语。6.cleaner考查形容词的比较级。句意:最终,辛苦的工作得到了回报,现在河水比以前干净多了。依据句中比较级的标记词than可知,该空应用比较级,故填cleaner。7.