17高三一轮复习成果检测卷-备战2025年高考英语

试卷第=page11页，共=sectionpages33页试卷第=page11页，共=sectionpages33页高三一轮复习成果检测卷（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）考生注意：1．答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔分别填写在试题卷和答题纸规定的位置上。2.答题时，请按照答题纸上“注意事项”的要求，在答题纸相应的位置上规范作答，在本试题卷上的作答一律无效。3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）注意，听力部分答题时请先将答案标在试卷上，听力部分结束前你将有两分钟的时间将答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A．Atabank. B．Inasmallshop. C．Atapolicestation.【答案】A【原文】W:WhatcanIdoforyou?M:Canyoucashthischeckforme?Iwanttomakeapurchase,andithastobepaidincash.2．Whatisthemandoing?A．Buyingacamera. B．Takingapicture. C．Tryingonahat.【答案】B【原文】M:Raiseyourheadalittlebitandsmilealittle.Okay,youlookgreatinthecamera.W:Waitaminute.Letmeputonmyhat.3．Wherewillthespeakersprobablygo?A．Tothepark. B．Tothecinema. C．Totherestaurant.【答案】A【原文】M:Whichwouldyouprefer,goingouttodinnerortoamovie?W:Idon’treallycare.Ijustwanttogetoutofthehouse.M:Well,let’stakeawalktotheparkthen.4．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．Ajazzconcert. B．Anewtheater. C．Aplaneticket.【答案】A【原文】M:ThereisajazzconcertinthetheaternextMonday.Ithinkyoumaybeinterested.W:Soundsgreat.I’mcrazyaboutjazz.M:Don’tforgettobuyaticketatonceortherewon’tbeanyticketsleft.5．Howmanylanguagescanthewomanspeakuptonow?A．One. B．Two. C．Three.【答案】C【原文】M:CanyouspeakFrenchnow?W:Notyet,butIwanttolearnitnextterm.SofarIhavealreadymasteredJapanese,ChineseandEnglish.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有2至4个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7题。6．Wherearethespeakers?A．Attheman’shouse. B．Atabarbershop. C．Atanoffice.7．Whatcoloristhewoman’shairnow?A．Blonde. B．Brown. C．Black.【答案】6．B7．B【原文】W:I’dliketotrysomethingnew.I’vehadlonghairsinceIwastenyearsold.Maybeit’stimetocutitshort.M:Sure.Ithinkshorthairwouldreallymakeyoulookbetter.Ifyou’reinterestedinabigchange,wecanalsotryanewcolor.W:Likewhat?Black?M:Well,youwouldlookfantasticwithblondehair.Imaginewalkingintotheoffice,soyournextpartywithanewlook.W:I’venevercoloredmyhairbeforeI’dbetooworriedthatitwouldn’tlookright.Besides,Ilikedmybrownhair.听下面一段对话，回答第8至第9题。8．Whyisthetrafficsobadtoday?A．Thereisatrafficaccidentahead.B．Theroadsitsatthecenterofacity.C．Itisthemorningrushhour.9．Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A．Drivemoreslowly. B．Takeanotherroute. C．Dropthewomanoff.【答案】8．C9．B【原文】W:OhmyGod!We’removingsoslowly.Isthereatrafficaccidentahead?M:No,therearetoomanycars.Althoughthisroaddoesn’tsitatthecenterofthedowntown,thetrafficisalwaysterribleonMondaymorning.Areyouinahurry,ma’am?W:Yes,butdon’tworryaboutit.Safetyismuchmoreimportantthanspeed.M:Iwill,ma’am.Iwilltakeshortcutstogetyouthereontime.W:Thankyou.Iappreciatethat.听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12题。10．Whendidthemanbuyhisfirstcar?A．At18. B．At21. C．At23.11．Whatistheman’sattitudetowardthewomanhavingapart-timejob?A．Forgiving. B．Supportive. C．Negative.12．Whoisthewoman?A．Acollegegraduate.B．Afirst-yearcollegestudent.C．Afinal-yearhighschoolstudent.【答案】10．B11．C12．C【原文】W:Dad,whendidyougetyourfirstcar?M:Igotmydriver’slicenseateighteen.Forthreeyears,Isavedmoneyworkingparttimeandwasabletogetmyfirstcarattwentyone.W:Soyouhadaparttimejob,butyouwon’tletmegetone.M:Well,that’sbecauseIhadtopayahighpricetobeabletoaffordmyowncar.W:Whatdoyoumean?M:IspentsomuchtimetryingtomakemoneythatIalmostdidn’tgraduate.W:Yourgradeswerereallythatbad.M:Unfortunatelyyes.Iwasn’tinterestedinschoolatall.Ididn’tevengotocollegeandIregretthatnow.Rightnowyou’reinyourlastyearofhighschoolandyoushouldjustfocusongettinggoodgradesandbeingadmittedtoagoodcollege.W:Isee.听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16题。13．WhatisWilliam?A．Ateacher. B．Aguide. C．Adesigner.14．WhereisBobfrom?A．Italy. B．England. C．France.15．WhomdidthewomangotoItalywith?A．Herfriend. B．Herson. C．Herhusband.16．WhatdoesWilliamaskthewomantodoatlast?A．Showhimaroundthedepartment.B．AttendaChristmasparty.C．TeachhimItalian.【答案】13．C14．B15．B16．A【原文】M:Hello,IamWilliam.W:Hello.Youarethenewdesignerforourdepartment,right?M:Yes.W:Welcome.Iheardwewouldhaveatalentedyoungmanworkingwithus.M:Thankyou.AreyouBritish?W:Well,actually,IamFrenchbutIhavebeeninEnglandfor15years.M:Suchalongtime.W:AndmyhusbandBobwasborninEngland.Heteachesspoken-Englishinauniversity.SoIalwayslearnEnglishfromhim.M:NowonderyouspeakEnglishsofluently.W:Thankyou.Howaboutyou?Whereareyoufrom?M:IamfromRome,Italy.W:Ohreally?IoncewentthereduringtheChristmasholidaywithmyson.M:Howdoyoulikeit?W:Verymuch,it’sthemostbeautifulcityIhaveeverbeento.Andtheguytherewasverynice.M:Thankyou.I’mverygladtohearthat.W:CanyouteachmeItalian?M:IwillifIamfree.Canyoushowthedepartmenttomenow?W:Okay,let’sgo.听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20题。17．Whoisthetalkintendedfor?A．Men. B．Housewives. C．Students.18．WhydidMrs.Edwardsgobacktothemarketafterhershopping?A．Shewantedtobetheluckycustomer.B．Shehadtopayforhershopping.C．Sheforgottobuytea.19．WhatdidMrs.Edwardsgetfreeofcharge?A．Everythingshehadbought. B．Ashoppingbasket. C．Abagoftea.20．Whatcanweinferfromthestory?A．Ourluckydreamcancometrue.B．Goodsinthesupermarketsarecheaper.C．Noticeforfreegoodsisoftenjustatrick.【答案】17．B18．C19．C20．A【原文】Allthehousewiveswhogotothenewsupermarkethaveonegreathope:tobetheluckycustomerwhodoesnothavetopayforshopping,forthisiswhatthenoticejustinsidesays.Forseveralweeks,Mrs.Edwardshoped,likemanyofherfriends,tobetheluckycustomer.Shedreamedofthedaywhenthemanagerofthesupermarketwouldcometoherandsay,“Madam,thisisyourluckyday.Everythinginyourbasketisfree.”OneFridaymorning,aftershehadfinishedhershoppingandhadtakenwhatshehadboughttohercar,shefoundthatshehadforgottentobuysometea.Sheranbacktothesupermarket,gottheteaandwenttopayforit.Asshedidso,shesawthemanagercomeuptoher,“Madam”,hesaid,holdingouthishand.“Iwanttocongratulateyou!Youareourluckycustomerandthebagofteayouhaveinyourbasketisfree.”第二部分阅读（共两节,满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分,满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。ANomatterwhereyougoaroundtheworld,everybodylovestocelebrate.Andwhenitcomestocelebration,festivalsoffersomethingforeveryone.Here’salookatourlistpicksforthebiggestandbestfestivalsintheworld.LATOMATINA(VALENCIA,SPAIN)Startedin1945,LaTomatinaisoneoftheoldestfestivalsonourlist.It’salsoeasilythemessiest,comingoffliketheworld’sbiggestfoodfight.Ifyougo,pleasefollowsomesimplerules:Don’tthrowhardobjects;squash(压扁)thetomatobeforethrowingit;stayasafedistanceawayfromtomatotrucks.Inotherwords,havefun,butdon’thurtanybody.DIADELOSMUERTOS(MEXICO)AlthoughCincodeMayomaybemorewell-knownintheUS,thisisarguablyMexico’smostimportantandwidelycelebratedholiday.MorecommonlyknowninEnglish-speakingcountriesastheDayoftheDead,thefestivitiesbeginonOctober31andlastthroughNovember2.Theholidayisallaboutgettingtogetherwithfriendsandfamilytorememberandcelebrateancestors(祖先)whohavediedinordertohelpthemontheirspiritualjourney.KING’SDAY(NETHERLANDS)Queen’sDaywasanationalholiday(celebratedonApril30until2013)commemorating(纪念)QueenBeatrix’sbirth.ByhavingthefestivitiesinpleasantApril,theproudDutchcoulddressupinbrightorangeandhaveafewdrinkswithoutworryingabouttheweather.Withthecrowning(加冕)ofherson,theholidaybecameknownasKing’sDay.ItisnowofficiallycelebratedonApril27(theKing’sbirthday).WOMAD(WILTSHIRE,ENGLAND)OneofmyfavouritemusicfestivalsI’veattended,WOMAD(WorldOfMusic,Arts&Dance)wasfoundedin1980.Morethananyothermusicfestival,WOMADhasalwaysbeenacelebrationofglobalculturefirstandforemost.Theyofferworkshopsforbothchildrenandadults.Theyalsofeaturelotsofinternationaldishes,includingtraditionaldishescookedbythemusiciansthemselves.21．Atwhichfestivalcanyouthrowtomatoes?A．KING’SDAY. B．WOMAD．C．LATOMATINA． D．DIADELOSMUERTOS.22．WhatisspecialaboutKING’SDAY?A．IthappensinNovember. B．ItisonlyfortheQueen.C．It’stocelebratesomeone’sbirthday. D．Itiswell-knownintheUS.23．WhatcanbeofferedinWOMAD?A．Workshopsforforeignersonly. B．Booksforchildren.C．Brightorangeclothes. D．Internationaldishes.【答案】21．C22．C23．D【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了世界上最大的、最好的四个节日：西班牙的LATOMATINA、墨西哥的DIADELOSMUERTOS、荷兰的KING’SDAY和英国的WOMAD。21．细节理解题。根据LATOMATINA(VALENCIA,SPAIN)部分中的“Ifyougo,pleasefollowsomesimplerules:Don’tthrowhardobjects;squash(压扁)thetomatobeforethrowingit;stayasafedistanceawayfromtomatotrucks.”（如果你去参加，请遵守一些简单的规则：不要扔硬物；扔之前先把番茄压扁；与番茄卡车保持安全距离）可知，在LATOMATINA这个节日里，你可以扔番茄。故选C项。22．细节理解题。根据KING’SDAY(NETHERLANDS)部分中的“Withthecrowning(加冕)ofherson,theholidaybecameknownasKing’sDay.ItisnowofficiallycelebratedonApril27(theKing’sbirthday).”（随着她儿子的加冕，这个节日被称为国王日。现在它正式在4月27日(国王的生日)庆祝）可知，KING’SDAY这个节日的特殊之处在于它是为了庆祝国王的生日。故选C项。23．细节理解题。根据WOMAD(WILTSHIRE,ENGLAND)部分中的“Theyalsofeaturelotsofinternationaldishes,includingtraditionaldishescookedbythemusiciansthemselves.”（他们还提供许多国际美食，包括音乐家自己烹制的传统菜肴）可知，WOMAD节提供国际美食。故选D项。BDianaNyadwasaprofessionalswimmer.ShewasinhertwentieswhenshedecidedtoswimaroundManhattan.Thefirsttimeshetried,shedidn’tsucceed.Butshedidn’tgiveup.Shetriedagainandswamthetwenty-eightmilesinlessthaneighthours.Thenshehadanothergoal:toswimfromCubatoFlorida,adistanceof110miles.Shedidn’tstoptosleep.Butshedidn’tfinish.Jellyfishattackedher,andtheweatherthrewheroffcourse.Didshetryagain?Yes,butnotuntilthirty-threeyearslater.Nyadretiredfromcompetitiveswimminginhertwenties.Forthenextthirtyyears,shedidn’tswimatall.Shebecameasportscaster(体育比赛解说员)andajournalist.Butshedidn’tstopallphysicalactivities.Shealwayskeptinshape.EveryFridayshetookaone-hundred-milebikeride.In2007,whenNyadwassixtyyearsold,hermotherdied.Shestartedtothinkaboutherownlife.Inthethirtyyearswhenshedidn’tswim,shealwaysthoughtaboutthepossibilityoftryingagain.Shedidn’twanttodiewithoutachievinghergoal.Shestartedtotrainagain.Bythesummerof2011,shetriedagain—andfailedagain—aftertwenty-ninehoursinthewater.ShetriedtwomoretimesandfailedtoreachFloridaeachtime.Whatkindsofproblemsdidsheface?Therewereattacksbyjellyfish,badweather,andbreathingproblemsfromasthma(哮喘).Howdidshesolvetheproblemofjellyfish?Forherfifthattempt,sheworeabodysuitandmasktoprotectagainstjellyfishstings.OnAugust31,2013,afterfifty-threehoursofswimming,shereachedtheFloridashore,thirty-fiveyearsafterherfirstattempt.Nyadachievedwhatyoungerandstrongerswimmerscouldnot.Nyadalwaystellspeople,“Nevergiveup.”24．WhatistherightorderofthefollowingeventsaboutDianaNyad?①NyaddecidedtoswimaroundManhattan.②ShereachedFloridaafter53-hour’sswimming.③Nyad’smotherpassedaway.④Sheretiredfromherswimmingcareer.A．④①③②. B．②①③④.C．①④③②. D．③④②①.25．Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph3?A．Shewasalwaysthinkingaboutherdream.B．Shedidn’tachievesuccessatonce.C．Herasthmawasthemainreasonforherfailure.D．ThereweremanyswimmersreachingFloridabeforeshehadtried.26．WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeDianaNyad?A．Determinedandpersistent. B．Professionalandinteresting.C．Honestandgenerous. D．Dynamicandselfless.27．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．IfatFirstYouDon’tSucceedB．SwimmingCuresAsthmaC．HowtoSwimaroundManhattanD．GettingRidofBeingStungbyJellyfish【答案】24．C25．B26．A27．A【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了游泳运动员DianaNyad在失败后不放弃，最终获得成功的故事。24．细节理解题。根据第一段“ShewasinhertwentieswhenshedecidedtoswimaroundManhattan.(20多岁时，她决定环着曼哈顿游泳。)”、第二段“Nyadretiredfromcompetitiveswimminginhertwenties.(Nyad20多岁时退出了游泳比赛。)”、第三段“In2007,whenNyadwassixtyyearsold,hermotherdied.(2007年，Nyad60岁时，她的母亲去世了。)”和“OnAugust31,2013,afterfifty-threehoursofswimming,shereachedtheFloridashore,thirty-fiveyearsafterherfirstattempt.(2013年8月31日，经过53个小时的游泳，她到达了佛罗里达海岸，距离她第一次尝试已经过去了35年。)”可知，题目给出的四个事件顺序应为①④③②。故选C。25．细节理解题。根据第三段“Bythesummerof2011,shetriedagain—andfailedagain—aftertwenty-ninehoursinthewater.ShetriedtwomoretimesandfailedtoreachFloridaeachtime.(到2011年夏天，她又试了一次——又失败了——在水里呆了29个小时。她又试了两次，每次都没能到达佛罗里达。)”可知，第三段指出她没有立即获得成功。故选B。26．推理判断题。根据第三段“Forherfifthattempt,sheworeabodysuitandmasktoprotectagainstjellyfishstings.OnAugust31,2013,afterfifty-threehoursofswimming,shereachedtheFloridashore,thirty-fiveyearsafterherfirstattempt.(第五次尝试时，她穿上了紧身衣，戴上了口罩，以防被水母蜇伤。2013年8月31日，经过53个小时的游泳，她到达了佛罗里达海岸，距离她第一次尝试已经过去了35年。)”可推知，DianaNyad具有坚韧的毅力和决心。故选A。27．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Thefirsttimeshetried,shedidn’tsucceed.Butshedidn’tgiveup.Shetriedagainandswamthetwenty-eightmilesinlessthaneighthours.(她第一次尝试，没有成功。但她没有放弃。她又试了一次，在不到8小时的时间里游了28英里。)”，第三段“Bythesummerof2011,shetriedagain—andfailedagain—aftertwenty-ninehoursinthewater.ShetriedtwomoretimesandfailedtoreachFloridaeachtime.(到2011年夏天，她又试了一次——又失败了——在水里呆了29个小时。她又试了两次，每次都没能到达佛罗里达。)”和“Forherfifthattempt,sheworeabodysuitandmasktoprotectagainstjellyfishstings.OnAugust31,2013,afterfifty-threehoursofswimming,shereachedtheFloridashore,thirty-fiveyearsafterherfirstattempt.(第五次尝试时，她穿上了紧身衣，戴上了口罩，以防被水母蜇伤。2013年8月31日，经过53个小时的游泳，她到达了佛罗里达海岸，距离她第一次尝试已经过去了35年。)”可知，本文主要讲述了主人公DianaNyad在失败后不放弃，最终获得成功的故事。由此可知，A选项“IfatFirstYouDon’tSucceed(如果一开始你没有成功)”用没有成功引出主人公不放弃获得成功的故事，适合作为本文标题。故选A。CThepracticeofstudentsendlesslycopyinglettersandsentencesfromablackboardisathingofthepast.Withthecomingofnewtechnologieslikecomputersandsmartphones,writingbyhandhasbecomesomethingofanostalgic(怀旧的)skill.However,whiletoday’seducatorsareusingmoreandmoretechnologyintheirteaching,manybelievebasichandwritingskillsarestillnecessaryforstudentstobesuccessful—bothinschoolandinlife.VirginiaBerninger,professorofeducationalpsychologyattheUniversityofWashington,saysit’simportanttocontinueteachinghandwritingandhelpchildrenacquiretheskillofwritingbyhand.Berningerandhercolleaguesconductedastudythatlookedattheabilityofstudentstocompletevariouswritingtasks—bothonacomputerandbyhand.Thestudy,publishedlastyear,foundthatwhenwritingwithapenandpaper,participantswrotelongeressaysandmorecompletesentencesandhadafasterwordproductionrate.Inamorerecentstudy,Berningerlookedatwhatrolespellingplaysinastudent’swritingskillsandfoundthathowwellchildrenspellistiedtohowwelltheycanwrite.“Spellingmakessomeofthethinkingpartsofthebrainactive,whichhelpsusaccessourvocabulary,wordmeaningandconcepts.Itisallowingourwrittenlanguagetoconnectwithideas,”Berningersaid.“Spellinghelpsstudentstranslateideasintowordsintheirmindfirstandthentotranscribe(转换)thosewordsinthemindintowrittensymbolsonpaperorkeyboardandscreen,”thestudysaid.“Seeingthewordsinthe“mind’seye”helpschildrennotonlytoturntheirideasintowords,”saysBerninger,“butalsotofindoutspellingmistakeswhentheywritethewordsdownandtocorrectthemovertime.”“Inourcomputerage,somepeoplebelievethatwedon’thavetoteachspellingbecausewehavespellchecks,”shesaid.“Butuntilachildhasafunctionalspellingabilityofaboutafifthgradelevel,theywon’thavetheknowledgetochoosethecorrectspellingamongtheoptionsgivenbythecomputer.”28．Whatmakeswritingbyhandathingofthepast?A．Theimportanceofwritingbyhand.B．Thelackofpracticeinhandwriting.C．Theuseofnewtechnologieslikecomputersandsmartphones.D．Thebeliefthathandwritingskillsareunnecessaryforsuccess.29．Whichofthefollowingbestshowstheroleofspelling?A．Spellingimprovesone’slong-runmemoryofwords.B．Spellingabilityiscloselyconnectedtowritingability.C．Spellingbenefitsthetranslationfromwordsintoideas.D．Spellingslowsdownfindingrightwordstoexpressideas.30．Whatdoestheunderlinedexpression“mind’seye”inParagraph5mean?A．Wind. B．Spirit. C．Imagination. D．Picture.31．Whatconclusioncouldbedrawnfromthepassage?A．Handwritingstillhasaplaceintoday’sclassrooms.B．Spellcheckscantaketheplaceofspellingteaching.C．Computerscanhelppeoplewiththeirchoiceofwords.D．Functionalspellingabilitydevelopsfastinthefifthgrade.【答案】28．C29．B30．C31．A【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了手写技能在现代教育中的地位，以及拼写能力对于写作技能的重要性。28．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Thepracticeofstudentsendlesslycopyinglettersandsentencesfromablackboardisathingofthepast.Withthecomingofnewtechnologieslikecomputersandsmartphones,writingbyhandhasbecomesomethingofanostalgicskill.”（学生无休止地从黑板上抄写字母和句子的做法已经成为过去。随着计算机和智能手机等新技术的出现，手写已经成为一种怀旧的技能。）可知，新技术如计算机和智能手机的出现使得手写成为过去。故选C项。29．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Inamorerecentstudy,Berningerlookedatwhatrolespellingplaysinastudent’swritingskillsandfoundthathowwellchildrenspellistiedtohowwelltheycanwrite.”（在最近的一项研究中，Berninger研究了拼写在学生写作技能中的作用，并发现孩子们的拼写能力与他们的写作水平密切相关。）可知，拼写能力与写作能力密切相关，这最好地体现了拼写的作用。故选B项。30．词句猜测题。根据第五段中“Spellinghelpsstudentstranslateideasintowordsintheirmindfirstandthentotranscribe(转换)thosewordsinthemindintowrittensymbolsonpaperorkeyboardandscreen.”（拼写有助于学生首先将想法转化为脑海中的单词，然后将脑海中的单词转录为纸上、键盘上或屏幕上的书面符号。）以及“‘Seeingthewordsinthe“mind’seye”helpschildrennotonlytoturntheirideasintowords,butalsotofindoutspellingmistakeswhentheywritethewordsdownandtocorrectthemovertime.’”（“在‘心灵之眼’中看到单词不仅有助于孩子们将想法转化为单词，还有助于他们在写下单词时发现拼写错误，并随着时间的推移进行更正。”）可知，mind’seye指的是孩子们在脑海中想象单词的过程，即想象力（Imagination）。故选C项。31．推理判断题。根据第一段中“However,whiletoday’seducatorsareusingmoreandmoretechnologyintheirteaching,manybelievebasichandwritingskillsarestillnecessaryforstudentstobesuccessful—bothinschoolandinlife.”（然而，尽管今天的教育者在教学中使用了越来越多的技术，但许多人认为基本的手写技能对于学生在学校和生活中的成功仍然是必要的。）以及后文对手写技能和拼写能力的讨论，可知文章主要讨论了手写技能在现代教育中的地位，由此推知，手写技能在今天的课堂上仍然有一席之地。故选A项。DWhetheryouconsumeitinicecream,coffee,cupcakes,pudding,orproteinshakes,thevanillayoueatinthefuturemighttastejustalittlebitsweeterthankstoasurprisingnewingredient(材料):usedplastic.Admittedly,itdoesn’tsoundverydelicious.ToscientistsJoannaSadlerandStephenWallaceatScotland’sUniversityofEdinburgh,however,what’sevenlessdeliciousisplasticwaste,whichcurrentlyenterstheoceanatarateof8milliontonsperyear—enoughplasticwastetooutweighalloftheocean’sfishbytheyear2050.Tohelpstoptheplasticpollutiononlandandatsea,they’vedesignedanovelwaytoturnitintovanillin—extracting(提取)fromplastics,whichgivesvanillauniquesmellandflavor.Althoughitcanbefoundinnaturalvanillabean,vanillinalsocanbemadeusingchemicalscomingfrompetrol.Tocreateitfromplastic,instead,researchersgeneticallymodified(使转化)astrainofE.colibacteriasothatitcanmakevanillinfromarawmaterialusedintheproductionofplasticbottles.Accordingtotheirresearchpaper,around85%oftheworld’svanillinissynthesized(合成)fromchemicalsthatareobtainedfromfossilfuels.That’sbecausedemandforvanillin—whichisusedwidelynotonlyinfood,butalsoinbeautyproducts,cleaningproducts.InMadagascar,whichgrows80%oftheworld’snaturalvanilla,pollinating,harvesting,andcuringvanillabeansisalongandpainstakingprocessthatcouldn’tpossiblyproduceenoughvanillinfortheworld.Andevenifitcould,theonlywaytonaturallyincreasevanillinsupplywouldbetoplantmorevanillaplantations,whichwoulddrivethedecreaseofforests.Beingabletocreatevanillinwithplasticmeansincreasingvanillinsupplywhiledecreasingplasticwaste,reducingindustrialrelianceonfossilfuels,andprotectingforests.“Usingmicroorganismstoturnwasteplastics,whichareharmfultotheenvironment,intoanimportantproductisabeautifulexampleofgreenchemistry,”saidEllisCrawford,publishingeditorattheUnitedKingdom’sRoyalSocietyofChemistry.32．Howdoscientistsproducevanillabyscientists?A．Extractingitfromplasticbottles. B．Formingitwithbacteria.C．Changingtheformulaofproteinshakes. D．Takingitfromoceanlives.33．What’sthekeymotivationthatdrivesscientiststoturnplasticwasteintovanilla?A．Itiscost-saving.B．Itisenvironmentallyfriendly.C．Itcanstopanimalsintheoceanfromdying.D．Itmaytastedelicious.34．Whatcanbelearnedfromthepassage?A．Madagascaristhebiggestvanillaimportcountryintheworld.B．Makingnaturalvanillaisadifficultprocess.C．Enlargingvanillaplantationisenvironmentally-friendly.D．Producingvanillafromplasticisawin-winsolution.35．Wherewillyoupossiblyreadthispassage?A．Inasciencemagazine. B．Inatraveljournal.C．Inaneconomictextbook. D．Inanadvertisement.【答案】32．A33．B34．D35．A【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种将塑料转化为香草的新方法，从而应对环境污染。32．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Tohelpstoptheplasticpollutiononlandandatsea,they’vedesignedanovelwaytoturnitintovanillin—extracting(提取)fromplastics,whichgivesvanillauniquesmellandflavor.(为了帮助阻止陆地和海上的塑料污染，他们设计了一种将塑料转化为香草的新方法——从塑料中提取，使香草具有独特的气味和风味)”和第三段“Tocreateitfromplastic,instead,researchersgeneticallymodified(使转化)astrainofE.colibacteriasothatitcanmakevanillinfromarawmaterialusedintheproductionofplasticbottles.(为了用塑料制造香草醛，研究人员对一种大肠杆菌进行了基因改造，使其可以用生产塑料瓶的原材料制造香草醛)”可知，科学家中从塑料瓶中提取制作香草。故选A。33．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“ToscientistsJoannaSadlerandStephenWallaceatScotland’sUniversityofEdinburgh,however,what’sevenlessdeliciousisplasticwaste,whichcurrentlyenterstheoceanatarateof8milliontonsperyear—enoughplasticwastetooutweighalloftheocean’sfishbytheyear2050.Tohelpstoptheplasticpollutiononlandandatsea,they’vedesignedanovelwaytoturnitintovanillin—extracting(提取)fromplastics,whichgivesvanillauniquesmellandflavor.(然而，对于苏格兰爱丁堡大学的科学家乔安娜·萨德勒和斯蒂芬·华莱士来说，更不美味的是塑料垃圾，目前每年进入海洋的塑料垃圾为800万吨——到2050年，这些塑料垃圾将超过海洋中所有鱼类的数量。为了帮助阻止陆地和海上的塑料污染，他们设计了一种将塑料转化为香草的新方法——从塑料中提取，使香草具有独特的气味和风味)”可知，驱使科学家把塑料垃圾变成香草的主要动机是这样做可以保护环境。故选B。34．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Beingabletocreatevanillinwithplasticmeansincreasingvanillinsupplywhiledecreasingplasticwaste,reducingindustrialrelianceonfossilfuels,andprotectingforests.(用塑料生产香兰素意味着在增加香兰素供应的同时减少塑料垃圾，减少工业对化石燃料的依赖，以及保护森林)”可推知，用塑料生产香草是一个双赢的解决方案，不仅可以处理塑料污染从而保护环境，也可以通过增加香兰素的供应。故选D。35．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Whetheryouconsumeitinicecream,coffee,cupcakes,pudding,orproteinshakes,thevanillayoueatinthefuturemighttastejustalittlebitsweeterthankstoasurprisingnewingredient(材料):usedplastic.(无论你是在冰淇淋、咖啡、纸杯蛋糕、布丁还是蛋白奶昔中食用香草，由于一种令人惊讶的新原料：用过的塑料，你未来吃到的香草可能会尝起来更甜一点)”及全文内容可知，本文介绍了一种将塑料转化为香草的新方法，从而应对环境污染。由此推知，本文最有可能来自于一本科学杂志。故选A。第二节（共5小题,每小题2.5分,共12.5分）阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项Astheautumncolorsfadeovertime,colddaysarewellunderway.TheStartofWinteror“Lidong”(立冬),the19thsolarterm(节气)inChina,beginsthisyearonNov.7andendsonNov.21.36Forthenorthernhemisphere,bitingwindsblowfromthenorth,cropsharvestedinautumnhavebeenstoredup,andcreaturesbegintorestandhibernate(冬眠)forthecomingwinter.Threephases(阶段)ofLidong37inthefirstphaseofLidong,waterbeginstofreeze.IceoftenencrustslakesinjustonenightinnorthernChina,whichremindspeopleofthecomingcoldwinter.ThesecondphaseofLidongbringsfrozenground.Thethiniceiseasilybrokenifsteppedon.Theicecoversandprotectscropsandfarmlandsfrompestsanddiscases.38Asmigratorybirdsmovesouthandresidentbirdsstoretheirfoodinthenest,theskyoftenseemslonelywithoutitswingedfriends.TraditionalcustomsOnthedayofLidong,peoplewouldtreatthemselveswithfeasts,asarewardfortheirhardworkduringthebusymonths.SomebraveswimmingenthusiaststakeadiveincoldriverstocelebratetheBeginningofWinter,andofcourse,toexercisetheirbodies.39ForpeopleinsouthernChina,high-caloricfoodsuchasbeef,chicken,mutton,andfishistheirfavoritesduringthedaysofLidong,andcanprovideenoughenergyandfattohelpthemseethewinterout.TurnoftheyearThoughforthenorthernhemisphere,thedaysaregettingcolderandnightslonger,theyearwillsoonpassby.40A．Lidongisdividedintothreephases.B．Birdsarerarelyseeninthethirdphase.C．Ifwintercomes,springwon’tbefarbehind.D．Asamatteroffact,Lidongisthebeginningoftheend.E．Somelivingcreaturesbegintorestandstoreenergyforthecolddays.F．“Li”(立)referstothestartofaseasonaswellasthechangeofseasons.G．InnorthernChina,itiscustomarytoeatdumplingsduringthewinterdays.【答案】36．F37．A38．B39．G40．D【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了立冬的时间，立冬时景物的变化以及关于立冬的传统风俗。36．根据上一段最后一句“TheStartofWinteror“Lidong”(立冬)，the19thsolarterm(节气)inChina,beginsthisyearonNov.7andendsonNov.21.(立冬是中国的第19个节气，从今年11月7日开始，到11月21日结束。)”引入立冬这一话题，下面就该具体介绍了。以及下文“Forthenorthernhemisphere,bitingwindsblowfromthenorth,cropsharvestedinautumnhavebeenstoredup,andcreaturesbegintorestandhibernate(冬眠)forthecomingwinter.(对于北半球来说，刺骨的风从北方吹来，秋天收获的农作物已经被储存起来，生物开始休息和冬眠以迎接即将到来的冬天。)”具体描述立冬时万物的变化，可知，选项F““立”指一个季节的开始以及季节的变化”承接上下文，符合语境，故选F。37．根据本段小标题“Threephases(阶段)ofLidong(立冬的三个阶段)”以及空后第一句“inthefirstphaseofLidong,waterbeginstofreeze.(在立冬的第一阶段，水开始结冰。)”可知，选项A“立冬分为三个阶段”与本段小标题一致，是本段的主题句，后面介绍的是这三个阶段的特点，故选A。38．根据本段小标题“Threephases(阶段)ofLidong(立冬的三个阶段)”以及本段中“InthefirstphaseofLidong,waterbeginstofreeze.(在立冬的第一阶段，水开始结冰。)