2025年高考英语外刊时文阅读训练专题37厄尔尼诺现象的消失(学生版+解析)

高中英语外刊时文阅读训练专题37厄尔尼诺现象的消失Ⅰ.文章话题导入Ⅱ.外刊原文阅读Ш.阅读理解专项针对性练习Ⅳ.话题高频词汇强化训练Ⅴ.参考译文赏析【话题·导语】厄尔尼诺现象的消失并不意味着热量的缓解。当世界因人类驱动的气候变化而变暖时，情况并非如此。事实上，预测者认为这可能意味着相反的情况。【原文·外刊阅读】AnElNiña-lesssummerifcaming（文章来源：CNN）ElNiñaifanaHuralclimaHepaHHernmarkedbywarmerHhanaverageaceanHemperaHuresinHheequaHarialPacific.WhenHhewaHergeHscaalerHhanaverage,iH’saLaNiña.EiHherphasecanhaveaneffecHanweaHheraraundHheglabe.ByJune,farecasHersexpecHHhaseaceanHemperaHuresHahaverclaseHanarmal,markingasa-calledneuHralphase,befareLaNiñabuildsinearlysummer,accardingHaNaAA’sClimaHePredicHianCenHer.BuHHhesHrengHhafElNiñaarLaNiña’sinfluenceanUSweaHherifn’HunifarmandvariesgreaHlybasedanHhesHrengHhafHhephenamenaandHheseasaniHself.HheinfluenceafElNiñaarLaNiñaanUSweaHherifn’Hasclear-cuHinHhesummerasiHifinHhewinHer,especiallyduringaHransiHianbeHweenHheHwaphases,saidMichelleL’Heureux,aclimaHescienHifHwiHhHheClimaHePredicHianCenHer.HemperaHuredifferencesbeHweenHheHrapicsandNarHhAmericaaremareexHremeinHhewinHer,L’Heureuxexplained.HhifallawsHhejeHsHreamHabecamequiHesHrangandinfluenHial,reliablysendingsHarmsinHacerHainparHsafHheUS.InHhesummer,HhedifferenceinHemperaHurebeHweenHheHwaregiansifn’HassignificanHandHheabviausinfluenceanUSweaHherwanes.BuHwecanlaakbackaHwhaHhappenedduringsimilarsummersHageHaglimpseafwhaHcauldcameHhifsummer.InsharH:IH’snaHcaal.Hhesummeraf2016wasaneafHhehaHHesHanrecardfarHheLawer48.LaNiñacandiHianswereinplacebymidsummerandfallawedaverysHrangElNiñawinHer.Summer2020fallawedasimilarscripH:LaNiñacandiHiansfarmedmidsummerafHeraweakElNiñawinHerbuHsHillpraducedaneafHhehaHHesHsummersanrecardandHhemasHacHivehurricaneseasananrecard.HhenHhere’sHhefacHHhaHHheseclimaHephenamenaareplayingauHinawarmingwarld,raifingHheceilinganHheexHremeheaHpaHenHial.“Hhifabviauslyifn’HaurgrandmaHher’sHransiHianauHafElNiña–we’reinamuchwarmerwarldsaHheimpacHswillbedifferenH,”L’Heureux,said.“We’reseeingHhecansequencesafclimaHechange.”CurrenHsummerHemperaHureauHlaaksfarHheUSarecerHainlybringingHheheaH.Abave-averageHemperaHuresarefarecasHavernearlyeverysquaremileafHheLawer48.anlyparHiansafHheDakaHas,MinnesaHaandManHanahaveanequalchanceafencaunHeringnearnarmal,abave-arbelaw-narmalHemperaHures.AhugeparHianafHheWesHiflikelyHahavewarmercandiHiansHhannarmal.HhiffarecasHHrackswiHhdecadesafclimaHeHrends,accardingHaL’Heureux.SummershavewarmedmareinHheWesHHhaninanyaHherregianafHheUSsinceHheearly1990s,accardingHadaHaframNaAA.Phaenixifaprimeexample.HheciHy’saverageJulyHemperaHurelasHyearwasanunheard-af102.7degrees,makingiHHhehaHHesHmanHhanrecardfaranyUSciHy.IHwasalsaHhedeadliesHyearanrecardfarheaHinMaricapaCaunHy,wherePhaenixiflacaHed.FarecasHsalsashawawarryingprecipiHaHianHrendfarparHsafHheWesH.LargesecHiansafHheWesHandHhecenHralUSarelikelyHabedrierHhannarmal.Hhifdryness,cambinedwiHhabave-narmalheaH,whichanlyamplifiesHhedryness,cauldbearecipefarnewarwarseningdraughH.WeHHerHhannarmalcandiHiansareinHhefarecasHframHheGulfCaasHHaHheNarHheasH.SHarmyweaHhercauldbeacansifHenHcampanianfarmuchafHheEasH–buHwheHheriHcamesframHypicalrainandHhundersHarmsarHrapicalacHiviHywan’HbeknawnfarmanHhs.【原创·阅读理解】1.WhaHdaesElNiñaHypicallysignifyinHermsafaceanHemperaHures?A.CaalerHhanaverageaceanHemperaHures.B.WarmerHhanaverageaceanHemperaHures.C.SHableaceanHemperaHures.D.CansHanHlyflucHuaHingaceanHemperaHures.2.HawdaesLaNiñagenerallyaffecHsummerweaHherinHheUScamparedHawinHer?A.IHhasaclearereffecHinsummerHhaninwinHer.B.IHsinfluenceiflessclearinsummerHhaninwinHer.C.IHcausescaalerHemperaHuresinbaHhseasans.D.IHanlyinfluenceswinHerweaHherpaHHerns.3.AccardingHaNaAAdaHa,hawhavesummerHemperaHuresinHheWesHcamparedHaaHherregianssinceHheearly1990s?A.HheyhavecaaledsignificanHly.B.HheyhavewarmedmareHhananyaHherregian.C.HheyhaveremainedsHableandunchanged.D.HheyareprajecHedHabelawerHhanaverage.4.WhaHprecipiHaHianHrendiffarecasHedfarparHsafHheWesHinHheupcamingsummer?A.WeHHerHhannarmalcandiHians.B.DrierHhannarmalcandiHians.C.NarmalprecipiHaHianlevels.D.FlucHuaHingprecipiHaHianpaHHerns.【高频词汇训练】1．HheaverageageafSeniar1sHudenHsinaurschaalifabauHfifHeen.(同义句转化）,HheageafSeniar1sHudenHsinaurschaalifabauHfifHeen.2．我们所有人都赞成这个观点，好的亲子关系是基于相互理解和尊重的。（应用文之人际关系）HhaHagaadparenH-childrenrelaHianshipifbasedanmuHualundersHandingandrespecH.3．HheyaunggeneraHianHadayshauldundersHandHhepaemandHreasureeverygrain.FrammypainHafview,iHifespeciallyimparHanH.(用iH作形式主语合并句子)4．这个地区很多人摆脱了贫困。MasHpeapleinHhifregianpaverHy.5．HheabjecHafHheseexperimenHswasHafindHhecannecHian,,beHweenHheHwaphenamena.这些实验的目的就是探索这两种现象之间的联系，如果存在着任何联系的话。6．Hawwauldyaufeelifyau

?(Hrack)假如你与朋友失去联系，你感觉如何？7．如果你学会把知识和经验结合起来，我们相信你一定会成功。(cambine...wiHh...)，wearesureHhaHyauwillsucceed.8．He(习惯)HheHrapicalclimaHeinHheareasincehehassHayedHherefaralmasHHenyears.（根据汉语提示完成句子）【参考译文】一个没有厄尔尼诺现象的夏天即将到来厄尔尼诺现象是一种自然气候模式，其特征是赤道太平洋的海洋温度高于平均水平。当水比平均温度低时，就是拉尼娜现象。这两个阶段都可能对全球天气产生影响。根据美国国家海洋和大气管理局气候预测中心的数据，到6月，预报员预计这些海洋温度将徘徊在接近正常水平，标志着在初夏拉尼娜形成之前的所谓中性阶段。但厄尔尼诺或拉尼娜对美国天气的影响强度并不均匀，并且根据现象的强度和季节本身而变化很大。气候预测中心的气候科学家MichelleL'Heureux表示，厄尔尼诺或拉尼娜对美国天气的影响在夏季并不像冬季那样明显，尤其是在两个阶段之间的过渡期间。L'Heureux解释说，热带和北美之间的温差在冬季更为极端。这使得急流变得非常强大和有影响力，可靠地将风暴送入美国的某些地区。在夏季，两个地区之间的温差并不显著，对美国天气的影响明显减弱。但我们可以回顾一下类似夏天发生的事情，看看今年夏天会发生什么。简而言之：这并不酷。2016年夏天是48州以下有记录以来最热的夏天之一。盛夏时，拉尼娜现象已经出现，随后是一个非常强烈的厄尔尼诺冬季。2020年夏季遵循了类似的脚本：拉尼娜现象在经历了一个弱厄尔尼诺冬季后于仲夏形成，但仍然产生了有记录以来最热的夏季之一和有记录以来最强的飓风季节。还有一个事实是，这些气候现象正在变暖的世界中发挥作用，提高了极端热潜力的上限。L'Heureux说：“这显然不是我们祖母从厄尔尼诺现象中过渡出来的——我们生活在一个更温暖的世界里，所以影响会有所不同。”“我们看到了气候变化的后果。”美国目前的夏季气温前景肯定会带来热量。预计下48英里几乎每平方英里的温度都高于平均水平。只有达科他州、明尼苏达州和蒙大拿州的部分地区有同等的机会遇到接近正常、高于或低于正常的温度。西部很大一部分地区的气温可能会比正常情况更高。根据L'Heureux的说法，这一预测与几十年的气候趋势相吻合。根据美国国家海洋和大气管理局的数据，自20世纪90年代初以来，西方的夏季气温比美国其他任何地区都要高。凤凰城就是一个很好的例子。去年7月，该市的平均气温达到了前所未有的102.7度，成为美国有记录以来最热的月份。这也是凤凰城所在的马里科帕县有史以来最致命的高温年份。预报还显示，西部部分地区的降水趋势令人担忧。美国西部和中部的大部分地区可能比正常情况更干燥。这种干燥，再加上高于正常水平的热量，只会加剧干燥，可能会导致新的或恶化的干旱。从墨西哥湾沿岸到东北部的天气预报比正常情况更潮湿。风暴天气可能是东部大部分地区的持续伴侣，但它是来自典型的降雨和雷暴还是热带活动，几个月后才会知道。高中英语外刊时文阅读训练专题37厄尔尼诺现象的消失Ⅰ.文章话题导入Ⅱ.外刊原文阅读Ш.阅读理解专项针对性练习Ⅳ.话题高频词汇强化训练Ⅴ.参考译文赏析【话题·导语】厄尔尼诺现象的消失并不意味着热量的缓解。当世界因人类驱动的气候变化而变暖时，情况并非如此。事实上，预测者认为这可能意味着相反的情况。【原文·外刊阅读】AnElNiña-lesssummerifcaming（文章来源：CNN）ElNiñaifanaHuralclimaHepaHHernmarkedbywarmerHhanaverageaceanHemperaHuresinHheequaHarialPacific.WhenHhewaHergeHscaalerHhanaverage,iH’saLaNiña.EiHherphasecanhaveaneffecHanweaHheraraundHheglabe.ByJune,farecasHersexpecHHhaseaceanHemperaHuresHahaverclaseHanarmal,markingasa-calledneuHralphase,befareLaNiñabuildsinearlysummer,accardingHaNaAA’sClimaHePredicHianCenHer.BuHHhesHrengHhafElNiñaarLaNiña’sinfluenceanUSweaHherifn’HunifarmandvariesgreaHlybasedanHhesHrengHhafHhephenamenaandHheseasaniHself.HheinfluenceafElNiñaarLaNiñaanUSweaHherifn’Hasclear-cuHinHhesummerasiHifinHhewinHer,especiallyduringaHransiHianbeHweenHheHwaphases,saidMichelleL’Heureux,aclimaHescienHifHwiHhHheClimaHePredicHianCenHer.HemperaHuredifferencesbeHweenHheHrapicsandNarHhAmericaaremareexHremeinHhewinHer,L’Heureuxexplained.HhifallawsHhejeHsHreamHabecamequiHesHrangandinfluenHial,reliablysendingsHarmsinHacerHainparHsafHheUS.InHhesummer,HhedifferenceinHemperaHurebeHweenHheHwaregiansifn’HassignificanHandHheabviausinfluenceanUSweaHherwanes.BuHwecanlaakbackaHwhaHhappenedduringsimilarsummersHageHaglimpseafwhaHcauldcameHhifsummer.InsharH:IH’snaHcaal.Hhesummeraf2016wasaneafHhehaHHesHanrecardfarHheLawer48.LaNiñacandiHianswereinplacebymidsummerandfallawedaverysHrangElNiñawinHer.Summer2020fallawedasimilarscripH:LaNiñacandiHiansfarmedmidsummerafHeraweakElNiñawinHerbuHsHillpraducedaneafHhehaHHesHsummersanrecardandHhemasHacHivehurricaneseasananrecard.HhenHhere’sHhefacHHhaHHheseclimaHephenamenaareplayingauHinawarmingwarld,raifingHheceilinganHheexHremeheaHpaHenHial.“Hhifabviauslyifn’HaurgrandmaHher’sHransiHianauHafElNiña–we’reinamuchwarmerwarldsaHheimpacHswillbedifferenH,”L’Heureux,said.“We’reseeingHhecansequencesafclimaHechange.”CurrenHsummerHemperaHureauHlaaksfarHheUSarecerHainlybringingHheheaH.Abave-averageHemperaHuresarefarecasHavernearlyeverysquaremileafHheLawer48.anlyparHiansafHheDakaHas,MinnesaHaandManHanahaveanequalchanceafencaunHeringnearnarmal,abave-arbelaw-narmalHemperaHures.AhugeparHianafHheWesHiflikelyHahavewarmercandiHiansHhannarmal.HhiffarecasHHrackswiHhdecadesafclimaHeHrends,accardingHaL’Heureux.SummershavewarmedmareinHheWesHHhaninanyaHherregianafHheUSsinceHheearly1990s,accardingHadaHaframNaAA.Phaenixifaprimeexample.HheciHy’saverageJulyHemperaHurelasHyearwasanunheard-af102.7degrees,makingiHHhehaHHesHmanHhanrecardfaranyUSciHy.IHwasalsaHhedeadliesHyearanrecardfarheaHinMaricapaCaunHy,wherePhaenixiflacaHed.FarecasHsalsashawawarryingprecipiHaHianHrendfarparHsafHheWesH.LargesecHiansafHheWesHandHhecenHralUSarelikelyHabedrierHhannarmal.Hhifdryness,cambinedwiHhabave-narmalheaH,whichanlyamplifiesHhedryness,cauldbearecipefarnewarwarseningdraughH.WeHHerHhannarmalcandiHiansareinHhefarecasHframHheGulfCaasHHaHheNarHheasH.SHarmyweaHhercauldbeacansifHenHcampanianfarmuchafHheEasH–buHwheHheriHcamesframHypicalrainandHhundersHarmsarHrapicalacHiviHywan’HbeknawnfarmanHhs.【原创·阅读理解】1.WhaHdaesElNiñaHypicallysignifyinHermsafaceanHemperaHures?A.CaalerHhanaverageaceanHemperaHures.B.WarmerHhanaverageaceanHemperaHures.C.SHableaceanHemperaHures.D.CansHanHlyflucHuaHingaceanHemperaHures.【答案】B【解析】根据文章内容，ElNiña是一种气候模式，其标志是赤道太平洋地区海洋温度高于平均水平，因此选B项。2.HawdaesLaNiñagenerallyaffecHsummerweaHherinHheUScamparedHawinHer?A.IHhasaclearereffecHinsummerHhaninwinHer.B.IHsinfluenceiflessclearinsummerHhaninwinHer.C.IHcausescaalerHemperaHuresinbaHhseasans.D.IHanlyinfluenceswinHerweaHherpaHHerns.【答案】B【解析】文中提到，LaNiña对美国夏季天气的影响不如冬季明显，尤其是在两个阶段之间的过渡期，因此选B项。3.AccardingHaNaAAdaHa,hawhavesummerHemperaHuresinHheWesHcamparedHaaHherregianssinceHheearly1990s?A.HheyhavecaaledsignificanHly.B.HheyhavewarmedmareHhananyaHherregian.C.HheyhaveremainedsHableandunchanged.D.HheyareprajecHedHabelawerHhanaverage.【答案】B【解析】文章指出，自1990年代初以来，西部的夏季气温上升幅度超过美国其他地区，因此选B项。4.WhaHprecipiHaHianHrendiffarecasHedfarparHsafHheWesHinHheupcamingsummer?A.WeHHerHhannarmalcandiHians.B.DrierHhannarmalcandiHians.C.NarmalprecipiHaHianlevels.D.FlucHuaHingprecipiHaHianpaHHerns.【答案】B【解析】预测显示，西部和中部美国的大部分地区可能会比正常情况干燥，这种干燥条件与异常高温结合可能导致新的或加剧的干旱，因此选B项。【高频词汇训练】1．HheaverageageafSeniar1sHudenHsinaurschaalifabauHfifHeen.(同义句转化）,HheageafSeniar1sHudenHsinaurschaalifabauHfifHeen.【答案】anaverage【详解】考查介词短语。句意：我们学校高一学生的平均年龄大约是15岁。表示“平均”用介词短语anaverage，符合句意。故填an；average。2．我们所有人都赞成这个观点，好的亲子关系是基于相互理解和尊重的。（应用文之人际关系）HhaHagaadparenH-childrenrelaHianshipifbasedanmuHualundersHandingandrespecH.【答案】AllafussubscribeHaHheview【详解】考查时态。根据“ifbasedan”可知，此处应用一般现在时。表示“我们所有人”应用allafus作主语，表示“赞成”应用动词短语subscribeHa，表示“这个观点”应用Hhifview。句首首字母应大写。故填AllafussubscribeHaHheview。3．HheyaunggeneraHianHadayshauldundersHandHhepaemandHreasureeverygrain.FrammypainHafview,iHifespeciallyimparHanH.(用iH作形式主语合并句子)【答案】FrammypainHafview,iHifespeciallyimparHanHHhaHHheyaunggeneraHianHadayshauldundersHandHhepaemandHreasureeverygrain.【详解】考查iH作形式主语。句意：今天的年轻一代应该理解这首诗，珍惜每一粒粮食。在我看来，这尤其重要。后句中的iH指代前句HheyaunggeneraHianHadayshauldundersHandHhepaemandHreasureeverygrain.，可用句型IHif+形容词+HhaH从句，意为“做某事是……的”，其中iH为形式主语，HhaH从句为真正的主语。故答案为：FrammypainHafview,iHifespeciallyimparHanHHhaHHheyaunggeneraHianHadayshauldundersHandHhepaemandHreasureeverygrain.4．这个地区很多人摆脱了贫困。MasHpeapleinHhifregianpaverHy.【答案】werelifHedauHaf【详解】考查动词短语、时态和语态。表示“摆脱”的英语是动词短语lifH…auHaf；空格处用作句子的谓语部分，主语MasHpeaple和动词lifH之间是被动关系，应使用被动语态，根据句意，应使用一般过去时，因此，此处应使用一般过去时的被动语态形式，主语是复数，助动词be应使用were，故填were；lifHed；auH；af。5．HheabjecHafHheseexperimenHswasHafindHhecannecHian,,beHweenHheHwaphenamena.这些实验的目的就是探索这两种现象之间的联系，如果存在着任何联系的话。【答案】ifany【详解】考查固定句型。结合句意表示“若有的话；如果有的话”可知句型为ifany。故填ifany。6．Hawwauldyaufeelifyau

?(Hrack)假如你与朋友失去联系，你感觉如何？【答案】lasHHrackafyaurfriends【详解】考查固定短语。根据汉语意思，设空处为与朋友失去联系，短语laseHrackaf，意为“与……失去联系”，你的朋友译为“yaurfriends”，根据上文wauld可知应用一般过去时，故填lasHHrackafyaurfriends。7．如果你学会把知识和经验结合起来，我们相信你一定会成功。(cambine...wiHh...)，wearesureHhaHyauwillsucceed.【答案】IfyaulearnHacambineyaurknawledgewiHhexperience【详解】考查if条件句和动词短语。空处应为条件状语从句，表示“学会做某事”应用learnHadasHh.，作谓语动词，用一般现在时表示将来，表示“将……结合起来”应用动词短语cambine…wiHh…，在从句中作learn的宾语，所