高中英语-虚拟语气

SubjunctiveMood英语动词有

种语气

陈述语气祈使语气

虚拟语气用来表示说的话不是事实，或者是不太可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的语气叫虚拟语气。三if引导的虚拟条件句主从句的谓语形式时间If从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式现在过去将来did/werehaddonewould/could/should/might+V.(原)would/could/should/might+have+p.p.1.did/were2.shoulddo3.weretodowould/could/should/might+V.(原)虚拟语气[例句]Ifyouhadcomeafewminutesearlier,youwouldhave

methim.

要是你早来几分钟的话，你就能见到他了。(与过去事实相反)2.Ifitweresunnytomorrow,Iwouldcometoseeyou.

明天要是天气好的话，我来看你。(与将来事实可能相反)3.IfIwereyou,Iwouldgoatonce.

假如我是你的话，我会马上走。(与现在事实相反，事实上我不可能是你)虚拟语气在在条件从句中如果条件状语中有were,had,should时,可以倒装成：Were/Should/Had

+主+其他WereIyou,

…

Hadhebeenthereyesterday,

…Shoulditsnowtomorrow,

…IfIwereyou,Iwouldtryitagain.Ifhehadbeenthereyesterday,hewouldhaveseenthefilm.Ifitshouldsnowtomorrow,wewouldn’tgoout.注意：当条件状语从句表示的动作或行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为错综时间条件句，动词的形式要根据它表示的时间做出相应的调整。e.g.Ifhehadjustfollowedmyadvice,hewouldbebetternow.1.____theexam,hewouldhaveattendacollege.A.IfhepassedB.HadhepassedC.WerehepassedD.Ifheshouldpass2.___fiveminutesearlier,youcouldhaveseenthemoff.A.IfyoushouldarriveB.IfyouarriveC.HadyouarrivedD.Shouldyouarrive名词性从句中的虚拟语气及几种虚拟语气特殊句型1.wish引导的虚拟句表示愿望(wish),wish接宾语从句有三种情况：

1)现在：用过去式（did）

2)过去：用过去完成式(haddone)3)将来：用情态动词(would/could/might+do)Iwish(that)Iwereabird.Iwish(that)Ihadmetthatfilmstaryesterday.Iwish(that)youwouldgetagoodjob.IwishIrememberedtheaddress.我要是记得地址就好了。（真可惜我忘了）HowIwishhehadnotleft.要是他没有离开这里就好了。（他已离开）Iwishitwouldraintomorrow.要是明天下雨就好了。（说话人以预料明天不会下雨）HowIwish+（that）=Ifonlydid/were现在haddone过去would/might/coulddo将来2.表示要求,命令,建议的虚拟语气一个坚持，两个命令，三个建议，四个要求1.insist2.order,command3.advise,suggest,propose(advice,suggestion,proposal)4.demand,require,request,desire这些词引导的名词性从句要使用虚拟语气。即从句中的动词使用should+动词原形，should可省略。Mydemandisthatshe_______________(come)toseemeonceaweek.Allofusarefortheadvicethatthechemicalworks

(be)closeddown.Hesuggestedthatwe____________(go)toBeijingforsightseeing.Theproposalthatwe

(go)outforapicnicwaswarmlywelcomed.(should)go(should)come(should)be(should)go表语从句同位语从句宾语从句同位语从句注意：如suggest,insist用于其本意“暗示、表明“、”坚持认为“时，宾语从句用陈述语气。1.Theguardatgateinsistedthateverybody__________(obey)therules.2.Heinsistedthatshe______(be)seriouslyillandthat_________(send)tohospitalsatonce.3.Hesuggestedthatwe________(have)ameetingatonce.4.Hispalefacesuggestedthathe______(be)ill.obeywasbesenthavewas虚拟语气3.在句型“Itisimportant(necessary,strange,natural/essential/apity)that....”中，that后面的从句中的谓语动词用：should+动词原形

[例句]1)It’snecessarythatweshouldhaveawalknow.

我们有必要出去散散步。2)It’snaturalthatsheshoulddoso.

她这样做是很自然的。3)It’simportantthatweshouldtakegoodcareofthepatient.

重要的是我们要照顾好病人。

虚拟语气在在主语从句中考题点击：1.Isitnecessarythathe_____theexamination?A.takes B.hastotake C.musttake D.take2.Itisstrangethathe_____youthis.A.wouldtellB.shouldtellC.hadtoldD.hastoldDB虚拟语气4.在asif从句中，常用虚拟形式，即表示与现在事实相反，用过去式；与过去事实相反用过去完成式(haddone)；与将来事实相反，用过去将来时（would+do）.一、asif(asthough)连接表语从句shelookedasifsheweremadeofice.

她看起来似乎是冰做的helookedasifhehadn’tsleptfortwodays.二、asif连接让步状语从句Shelookedaftertheboyasifhewereherownson.

她照顾这男孩就像自己的儿子一样。Hespeakstousasifhehadbeenthere.

他给我们讲的好象他去过那儿。

虚拟语气在在asif从句中asif/though+Clause现在：过去：将来:did/were(现在)haddone(过去)would+动词原形(将来)Helooksasifhewereanartist.（同时）shespeaksEnglishsofluentlyasifshehadstudiedintheUK.（过去）HelearnsEnglishsohardasifhewouldgototheUS.（将来）虚拟语气5.在would(had)rather(宁愿)引导的宾语从句中

虚拟语气中的几个特例1.wouldratherthat现在：过去：未来：过去时过去完成时过去时Iwouldratheryoupaidmenow.Iwouldratheryouhadgone,too.Don’tcome.Iwouldratheryoucametomorrow.虚拟语气1.It’s(high)timethat…

that从句要用虚拟语气：谓语用过去时或should+do注意：此处should不省略It’stimethatyoulefthere.Itishightimethatthechildrenshouldgotobed虚拟语气中的几个特例It’s(high)time+that--should+V.过去时你该走了。我们该睡觉了。It’shightimethatyouwent.It’shightimethatyoushouldgo.It’stimethatwewenttobed.It’stimethatweshouldgotobed.虚拟语气2.在incase,lest,forfearthat,inorderthat,sothat等引导的条件状语从句中，动词用“would/could/should/might

+do”，表示虚拟Shecalledhimlestheshouldgoout.Theyleftearly

forfearthattheywouldmeethim.Theyremovedtheprisionerinorderthathewouldnotdisturbtheproceedingsanyfurther.虚拟语气中的几个特例虚拟语气4.

一些介词短语,如:butfor(要不是),without,otherwise(否则),inthatcase(如果是那样的话),表示含蓄的条件,这时主句要用虚拟语气

Without/Butforyourhelp,wewouldnothavemadesuchrapidprogress.

虚拟语气中的几个特例有时为了表达需要,并不总是出现if引导的条件句,而通过其他手段来代替条件句.1.Iwasillthatday.0therwise,I___________________(take)partinthesportsmeet.2.I_______________(give)youmorehelp,butIwastoobusy.3.Amanwhostoppeddrinking____________(be)deadinsevendays.4.Butforwater,it________(be)impossibletoliveinthedesert.wouldhavetakenmighthavegivenwouldbewouldbe虚拟语气3.IfonlyI___tomyparents!(ButIdidn’t.)A.listenedB.hadlistenedC.shouldlistenD.wouldlisten4.TomsuggestedthatAnn___thehouse.A.sellB.soldC.shallsellD.wouldsell5.Iwishthisbus___totheuniversity.A.goB.wentC.hasgoneD.hadgoneBAB虚拟语气6.Simonlooksasthoughhenever___asquaremeal(吃得饱),thoughhisparentsfee