高考英语二轮专题复习与测试专题强化练（五）推理判断题文章出处类

专题强化练(五)推理判断题——文章出处类A(2023·长沙市新高考适应性考试)Naturalsilence—thekindwhenyouhearnothingbutthesoundofnaturearoundyou—isbeingincreasinglyscarce．Theman­madenoisecanbeheardevenintheremotecornersofnationalparksanddeepintheArcticOcean.Thisishavingsometroublingeffects.Inhumans，noisepollutionhasbeenlinkedtophysical，mentalhealthproblemsandcognitiveimpairment(障碍)inchildren.Inwildlife，itisdisturbingnavigation，matingrituals，municationandcancausehearingloss.“We'relosingtheabilitytolistentonaturewithoutnoisepollution，”sayssoundrecordistMattMikkelsen.He'spartofthenon­profitorganizationQuietParksInternational，whichaimstoidentifyandpreservetheplanet'slastquietplaces.Recently，thistookhimtoBoundaryWatersCanoeAreaWildernessinnortheasternMinnesota.Nocars，motorboats，electricityortelephonelinesareallowedintheone­million­acrearea.Butlisteningbacktotherecording，Mikkelsencanhearthelowhum(嗡嗡声)ofamercialplaneflyingfaraway.QuietParksInternationalhasn'tyetdecidedifBoundaryWatersCanoeAreaWildernessmeetsitscriteria—it'soneof260potentialsitesaroundtheworldthattheorganizationiscurrentlyexploring.Theteamwillanalyzethesoundrecordingsfromeachlocationandconsiderthemalongsideotherdata.Inrecentyears，theworldhasbeengettinglouder，withcitiesandtownsexpandingandanincreasingnumberofnoisesingfromcars，airplanesorships.ButduringtheCOVID­19pandemic，therehasbeenmomentarydelay.In2020，globalairtravelwasdownby60%androadtransportdecreasedbyalmosthalf.ScientistsinEuropefoundthatnoisecausedbyhumansfellbyupto50%afterlockdownswerecarriedout.“Peopleenjoyedthesilence，”saysMikkelsen.“Therewerenoairplanesintheskyandcarsweren'tonthestreet.Itwasanincrediblethingtobeabletoheartheworld，allofasudden，freefromnoisepollution，”hesays.Sincethestartofthepandemic，QuietParksInternationalsaysithasexperiencedahugeincreaseininterestinquietplaces.“Ihopethatwecantakethatdesireforaworldwithlessnoiseforward，”saysMikkelsen，“andappreciatethespotswehave，wherewecangoandnotexperiencenoisepollution.”【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。近年来，随着城市和城镇的扩张以及来自汽车、飞机和船只的噪声越来越大，世界变得越来越吵，所有这些使得大自然中的寂静越来越少，从而带来了一些令人不安的影响，因为噪声污染影响着人类与动物的健康。1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“scarce”probablymeaninParagraph1?A．Special. B．Rare.C．mon. D．Typical.解析：词句猜测题。根据第一段中的“Theman­madenoisecanbeheardevenintheremotecornersofnationalparksanddeepintheArcticOcean”可知，即使在国家公园的偏远角落和北冰洋深处，也能听到人为噪声，由此可知，自然的寂静越来越少，故选B。special“特别的”；rare“罕见的”；mon“常见的”；typical“典型的”。答案：B2．WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?A．Causesofhearingloss.B．Tipsonprotectingthenature.C．Harmfuleffectsofnoisepollution.D．Unidentifiedproblemsfromhumanbeings.解析：主旨大意题。第二段首句“Thisishavingsometroublingeffects”是本段的主题句，本段主要介绍了噪声污染给人类和野生动物带来的危害。答案：C3．WhatwillMattMikkelsen'steamanalyzeaccordingtothetext?A．Thesoundrecordings.B．Globalairtravel.C．QuietParksInternational'scriteria.D．Dataofthepandemic.解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Theteamwillanalyzethesoundrecordingsfromeachlocationandconsiderthemalongsideotherdata”可知，MattMikkelsen和他的研究小组将分析每个地点的录音。答案：A4．Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A．Abookreview. B．Atravelguide.C．Abusinessplan. D．Asciencereport.解析：文章出处题。综合全文，本文主要讲述了随着城市和城镇的扩张以及来自汽车、飞机和船只的噪声越来越大，世界变得越来越吵，自然的寂静也越来越少，从而带来了一些令人不安的影响，由此可知，此类文章可能来自科技报告。答案：DB[2023·沈阳市高三质量监测(一)]I'mintheareaofNoaillesinMarseille，oneofFrance'slargestcitiesanditsmaintradeseaport.Somesmallshopssellvegetables，meat，and，itseems，allthespicesoftheMiddleEast.InadditiontoFrench，languagesspokenonthebusystreetsincludeArabicandAfricanFrench.ItalladdsuptooneofthemostethnicallydiversecitiesinEurope.Closetothedowntownstreet，IdiscoveranAlgerianrestaurant，whoseownermakeshissignaturedish—couscouswithbarley，nottheusualwheat，usingarecipethathasn'tchangedsincethe1920s.CouscousisannecessarypartofMarseilleculture.ThedishwasaddedtotheUNESCO'sListsofIntangibleCulturalHeritagein2020.Tobehonest，beforeItravelledhere，couscoushadnotbeenthefirstmealthatcametomindwhenIthoughtofMarseille.Itwasbouillabaisse，therichsoupwitholiveoil，garlicandsaffron.Iimaginedenjoyingitatasmallportsidecafe.Thiswasclearlyaromanticfantasy.Foronething，therearenosmallcafesatthehistoriccity.Foranother，therestaurantsdoservebouillabaisse，butwhenIseethepriceatoneplaceIamshocked：69euros！Nobowlofsoupshouldcostthatmuch.Igiveupandenduptwostreetsawayfromtheoldharborinanewrestaurant，Ourea.For28euros，ChefMathieuRocheservesathree­courselunchthatincludestunasteaksandcouscous.Moreandmoreyoung，talentedpeoplearediscoveringthatMarseilleisanidealplacetolive.ThereisalsoagrowingnumberofParisiansmovinghereeveryyear.Tiredoftherushandexpenseoflifeinlargercities，thenewerselookingforthemorerelaxedMediterraneanwayoflife.WalkingthroughthesecontrastingneighborhoodsofMarseille，Ithinkaboutthedistinctmunitiesherelivinginthesameneighborhoods—together，sidebyside，butnotmixed.TheymayalsofeeltheybelongtoMarseillefirstregardlessofnationalities.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要介绍了法国城市马赛，并讲述了作者在那里旅行的经历。5．WhichwordcanbestdescribeMarseilleaccordingtothefirstparagraph?A．Remote. B．mercial.C．Industrial. D．Inland.解析：细节理解题。明题意：本题问“根据第一段，哪个词最能描述马赛？”→寻线索：根据第一段中的“I'minthearea...spicesoftheMiddleEast”可知，马赛是法国最大的城市之一，也是其主要贸易地区，这里的一些商店出售蔬菜、肉类，似乎还有各种中东香料→定答案：由此可知，马赛是商业化城市。答案：B6．WhatmadetheauthorleavetheAlgerianrestaurant?A．Theunreasonablecharge.B．Theunbearableflavor.C．Theunsatisfyingservice.D．Thenoisyatmosphere.解析：细节题解题。根据第三段中的“Foranother，the...shouldcostthatmuch”可知，这里的餐厅确实供应浓味鱼汤，但竟然卖到69欧元；一碗汤不应该那么贵。据此可知，作者离开那家阿尔及利亚饭馆是因为店里的鱼汤太贵了，即收费不合理。答案：A7．WhydothenewerschooseMarseilleratherthanotherbigcities?A．Tomakeafortune. B．Toexperienceadish.C．Tolearnalanguage. D．Tolivealeisurelylife.解析：细节理解题。明题意：本题问“新来者为何选择马赛而不是其他大城市？”→寻线索：根据第五段中的“Tiredoftherush...wayoflife”可知，厌倦了大城市生活的匆忙和高昂的生活成本，新来者来到马赛寻找更轻松的地中海生活方式→定答案：由此可知，新来者选择马赛是为了过一种轻松悠闲的生活。答案：D8．Inwhichcolumnofamagazinecanweprobablyreadthetext?A．Fashion. B．Food.C．Trade. D．Travel.解析：文章出处题。通读全文可知，文章重点介绍了法国城市马赛及作者在那里旅行的经历。根据第五段中的“Moreandmoreyoung...movinghereeveryyear”可知，越来越多有才华的年轻人发现马赛是一个理想的居住地，每年也有越来越多的巴黎人搬到这里，故本文也介绍了马赛的吸引人之处。综上可知，这篇文章可能出自杂志的旅游专栏。答案：DC(2023·重庆市学业质量调研抽测)AGIFTMEMBERSHIPINTHENYRBCLASSICSBOOKCLUBMembersoftheNYRBClassicsBookClubhavereceivednewtranslationsofBalzacandPatrickModiano，aswellasclassicsbyWilliamGassandmanyothers.“NYRBhasmadeaspecialtyofrescuingandrevivingallkindsofignoredorforgottenworksinEnglishorintranslation，fictionandnonfictionbywritersfamousandunknown，”saidTheNewYorkTimes.AmembershipintheNYRBClassicsBookClubensuresamonthlyliterarysurprise.Eachmonth，editorsselectonenewbookandwesendittomembersassoonasitisavailable.Ourspecialholidaymembership，includingfreeshippingintheUS，is$135，asavingof$60offtheregularbookclubprice.GiftmembershipsstartwiththeJanuary2023selection.Toorderamembershipforyourselforagiftmembership，pleasecall1­800­354­0050orvisitnyrb/holiday.TheholidayofferpriceoutsideoftheUSis$225，asavingof$45offtheregularbookclubprice.OURRECENTBOOKCLUBSELECTIONSTheSilentiarybyAntonioDiBenedetto，WomanRunningintheMountainsbyYūkoTsushima，GoldbyRumi，PetertheGreat'sAfricanbyAlexanderPushkin，GustoninTimebyRossFeld，TheUncollectedEssaysofElizabethHardwick，TheFlandersRoadbyClaudeSimonandTheEnormousRoombyE．E.Cummings.【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了NYRB经典读书会，介绍了其入会会员费、享受的优惠等等。9．Whatis