2019高考英语一轮选练习题Unit3Inventorsandinventions（含解析）新人教版选修8

选修8Unit3Inventorsandinventions李仕才Ⅰ.阅读理解OliverandtheSeawigsbyPhilipReevePublishedbyOUPPressISBN:9780192734556Olivergrewupinafamilyofexplorers—buthisbiggestadventureisabouttobegin!Alongwithhisnewfriends,Olivergoesofftolookforhismissingparents.Ireallylikethisbookbecauseit’snotoneofthoseshortstoriesthatareovertooquickly,butalongishbookthattakestimetoread.Iremendthisbookandgiveit5stars.Ginny,age8LadyLydia:ReadMeaStorybyAnneLavisPublishedbyAHStockwellISBN:9780722343272LadyLydiaisoldandeccentric(古怪的),butsheisneverlonely.Shesharesherhomewithbatsandmiceandspiders,andalltheanimalsroundaboutareherfriendstoo.MylovelydaughterAlicelikesallthepicturesoftheanimalsinthisbook,butshedoesn’tlikeitwhenthepageshavelotsofwritingonwithnopictures.Aliceratesthisbook2outof5.Alice,age4IAmaWoollyHat(EARLYREADER)bySalmaKoraytemPublishedbyOrionBooksISBN:9781444008449EarlyReadersaresteppingstonesfrompicturebookstoreadingbooks.AblueEarlyReaderisperfectforsharingandreadingtogether.ThisbookmakesmysweetheartLuciefeellovelyinsideandthedrawingarenotasgoodbecausethecolorsarenotbrightlikeotherbooks.Lucieratesthisbook3outof5.Lucie,age4ARoyalFairytalebyInkRobinPublishedbyEgmontISBN:9781405268431SeeKateandWill’sromancedevelopfromtheirstudyingdaysatEdinburghthroughtotheirhappyweddingatBuckinghamMylittleangelAmylikesthebook.Thebestpartsaretheweddingandfireworksasshelikesfireworksandthecolorsonthepagearereallybright.Amyratesit4outof5.Amy,age41.Whichbookmightananimalloverprefer?A.ARoyalFairytale.B.OliverandtheSeawigs.C.LadyLydia:ReadMeaStory.D.IAmaWoollyHat(EARLYREADER).2.Wholikesbrightcolors?A.GinnyandAlice. B.LucieandAmy.C.GinnyandAmy. D.AliceandLucie.3.Whosebookshowsromanceandhappiness?A.PhilipReeve. B.AnneLavis.C.SalmaKoraytem. D.InkRobin.【文章大意】这篇文章为读者推荐了一些书。1.C【解析】细节理解题。由LadyLydiaisoldandeccentric(古怪的),butsheisneverlonely.Shesharesherhomewithbatsandmiceandspiders,andalltheanimalsroundaboutareherfriendstoo.可知一位动物爱好者更喜欢阅读LadyLydia:ReadMeaStory.选C。3.D【解析】细节理解题。由SeeKateandWill’sromancedevelopfromtheirstudyingdaysatEdinburghthroughtotheirhappyweddingatBuckinghamPalacewiththeroyalfamily,eventhequeen,intow.可知InkRobin的书表现了快乐和浪漫，选D。二、完形填空I'msittingattheairportwatchingpeopleinthelastminutesbeforetheirlovedonesarriveordepart.Awomanisrunning,incirclestryingtogatherfamilymemberstogetherfora__1__.Whenthefinalmomentesbefore__2__，shewrapsherarmsaroundherson,givinghima__3__hugthatshouldprotecthimuntilhe__4__.Isitwithabookinmyhands,waitingmyturntoleave__5__becausetheonesIlovehaveadifferent__6__frommine.Ithinkofotherdeparturesandarrivals.I__7__seeingmydaughter.Iwrappedmyselfaroundherasifshe'dbeen__8__.Thatyearshewasinherfirstyearatuniversity,inghomeforthefirsttime.Todaymyflightistwohourslate.Whenmyflightis__9__called,Igathermybookandluggage.__10__thereisnoonetoseemeoff,Idonot__11__toseewhereIhaveefrom.__12__，Ithinkofmyhusbandatwork__13__ifIhaveleftyet.AsIheadtowardstheplane,Ifindmyself__14__yetanotherarrivalanddeparture.Thatyear,my91­year­oldgrandfatherdied.Afterreturningfromhisfuneral,Iarrivedattheairport__15__.Myhusbandofonlyayearwaswaitingatthegatetotakemeinhisarms.Becauseofmytears,__16__waslookingatus,butIdidn't__17__.Lifeneedstheimportant__18__allthetime.Iwishthatallthepeoplewhowentona__19__couldebacktofindsomeone__20__them.Ialsowishtheycouldleavewithsomeonetoseethemoff.【文章大意】作者在机场看到迎接与送行的场景，回忆起与女儿和丈夫的温馨往事，意识到人生中需要欢聚与离别这些重要的时刻。1．A.lectureB．goodbyeC．dinnerD．party答案与解析：B'结合上文中出现的“arriveordepart”和下文中的“thefinalmoment”可知，空处应该是一个告别(goodbye)的场景，故选B。2．A.gatheringB．boardingC．announcingD．landing答案与解析：B'根据语境可知，此处表示登机(boarding)前最后的时刻，故选B。3．A.powerfulB．gentleC．warmD．mon答案与解析：A'结合下文中的“protecthim”可知，母亲在儿子登机前给他一个强有力的(powerful)拥抱，故选A。gentle“温柔的”；warm“温暖的”；mon“共同的，普遍的”。4．A.leavesB．survivesC．returnsD．recovers答案与解析：C'根据语境可知，快要登机的时候，母亲给了儿子一个强有力的拥抱，自然是盼望儿子能一路平安并平安归来，故选C。leave“离开”；survive“幸存，艰难渡过”；recover“恢复”。5．A.frightenedB．anxiousC．relaxedD．alone答案与解析：D'根据空后的“...becausetheonesIlovehaveadifferent'6'frommine.”和下文中的“thereisnoonetoseemeoff”可知，作者是一个人(alone)，没有人来为她送行，所以选D。frightened“害怕的，受惊的”；anxious“焦虑的，渴望的”；relaxed“放松的”。6．A.scheduleB．attitudeC．positionD．target答案与解析：A'根据语境可知，作者一个人离开是因为所爱之人都有不同的日程安排。schedule“日程安排，计划表”符合语境，故选A。7．A.imagineB．enjoyC．recallD．consider答案与解析：C'结合语境可知，作者回忆起(recall)女儿上大学第一次回家的往事，所以选C项。8．A.stolenB．cheatedC．lostD．punished答案与解析：C'根据语境可知，作者一把抱住女儿，好像她走失了很久。lost“丢失的，遗失的”符合语境。故选C。9．A.punctuallyB．finallyC．abruptlyD．repeatedly答案与解析：B'结合语境可知，作者等待很久之后，所乘的航班终于(finally)通知登机了，故选B。punctually“准时地”；abruptly“突然地”；repeatedly“反复地”。10．A.AlthoughB．WhileC．TillD．Since答案与解析：D'根据语境可知，“'10'thereisnoonetoseemeoff”和“Idonot'11'toseewhereIhaveefrom”是因果关系，所以空处应用Since“因为，既然”。11．A.slowdownB．getoffC．lookbackD．runaway答案与解析：C'既然没有人来送行，作者不需要回头张望(lookback)。slowdown“放慢，减速”；getoff“下车，离开”；runaway“突然离开，逃离”。12．A.HoweverB．BesidesC．InsteadD．Therefore答案与解析：C'结合语境可知，作者没有回头张望，相反地，作者想的是，还在上班的丈夫不知道作者是否已经离开。故选C项。13．A.doubtingB．askingC．predictingD．wondering答案与解析：D'参见上题解析。wonderif...“不知道是否……”符合语境，故选D。14．A.rememberingB．forgettingC．planningD．rejecting答案与解析：A'结合语境可知，作者发现自己记得(remembering)另一件以前的迎接与送行，故选A。15．A.shoutingB．cryingC．laughingD．whispering答案与解析：B'结合下文中的“Becauseofmytears”可知，此处应用crying。shout“大喊，喊叫”；laugh“大笑，笑”；whisper“低语，悄声说”。16．A.someoneB．everyoneC．noneD．anyone答案与解析：B'此处指的是，因为作者哭泣，每个人(everyone)都在看着作者和她的丈夫。故选B。17．A.careB．respondC．scoldD．flee答案与解析：A'虽然大家都在看，但是作者并不在意(care)，故选A。respond“回复，作出反应”；scold“训斥，责骂”；flee“逃离”。18．A.arrivalB．chanceC．departureD．moment答案与解析：D'根据语境可知，人生中一直需要这样重要的时刻(moment)，故选D。arrival“到达”；chance“机会”；departure“离开”。19．A.journeyB．dietC．picnicD．holiday答案与解析：A'根据语境可知，作者希望所有出行(journey)的人回来时都能看到有人在等待(waitingfor)他们。故选A。20．A.worryingaboutB．smilingatC．talkingofD．waitingfor答案与解析：D'参见上题解析。三、七选五ThebookABigFatCrisis:TheHiddenForcesBehindObesityandHowWeCanEndItbyDeborahCohen,aseniornaturalscientist,isverypopularnow.1Butaccordingtothisbook,thefollowingaresomemisunderstandingsofobesityorbeingoverweight.1.Ifyou’reobese,blameyourgenes.

2Yet,between1980and2000,thenumberofAmericanswhoareobesehasdoubled—tooquicklyforgeneticfactorstoberesponsible.Atrestaurants,adollarputsmorecaloriesonourplatesthaneverbefore,becauserestaurantmealsusuallyhavemorecaloriesthanwhatweprepareathome,sopeoplewhoeatoutmorefrequentlyhavehigherratesofobesitythanthosewhoeatoutless.2.Ifyou’reobese,youlackselfcontrol.Researchshowsthatifwearefacedwithtoomuchinformation,wehaveatendencytomakepoorchoicesondiet.3Eventhemostvigilant(警觉的)peoplemaynotbegoodcontrollersofthemselves.3.4AlthoughtheUSDepartmentofAgricultureestimatesthatfewerthan5percentofAmericansliveinthe＂fooddeserts＂,about65percentofthenation’spopulationisobese.Formostofus,obesityisnotrelatedtoaccesstomorefreshfruitsandvegetables,buttothechoiceswemakeinsupermarkets.4.Theproblemisnotthatweeattoomuch,butthatwedon’texercise.MichelleObama’s＂Let’sMove＂campaignisbasedontheideathatifkidsexercisemore,childhoodobesityrateswilldecrease.5A.Lackofaccesstofreshfruitsandvegetablesisacauseofobesity.B.Obesityrateshaveincreased.C.Freshfruitsandvegetableswechooseinasupermarketarerelatedtoobesity.D.Buttherewasnoobviousdecreaseinphysicalactivitylevelsasobesityratesclimbedinthe1980sand

1990s.E.Peopleholddifferentviewsonobesity.F.Peoplebenefitalotfromphysicalactivities.G.Ourworldhasbeesorichinfoodthatwecanbeledtoconsumetoomuchinwayswecan’tunderstand.【语篇解读】肥胖是现代社会的主要问题之一。DeborahCohen的ABigFatCrisis:TheHiddenForcesBehindObesityandHowWeCanEndIt一书中，作者介绍了人们对肥胖问题的几种误解。1.E【解析】根据下句由转折意义的内容＂Butaccordingtothisbook,thefollowingaresomemisunderstandingsofobesityorbeingoverweight.＂（但该书认为下面几点是关于肥胖的几点误解）可知，人们对肥胖问题观点不一，故E项正确。

2.B【解析】根据下句内容＂Yet,between1980and2000,thenumberofAmericanswhoareobesehasdoubled—tooquicklyforgeneticfactorstoberesponsible.＂（然而，在1980年到2000年，美国肥胖的人数就翻了一番。该速度太快，可见肥胖并非遗传因素所致）可知，此处表示＂肥胖比例有所增加，故B项正确。

3.G【解析】根据上句＂Researchshowsthatifwearefacedwithtoomuchinformation,wehaveatendencytomakepoorchoicesondiet.＂（研究表明，如果我们面临太多信息，我们很可能会就节食作出糟糕的选择）可知，该句应表示＂我们现在的食物如此丰富以致于我们会被引导以自己难以想象的方式去消耗食物＂，故选G项。

5.D【解析】根据下句＂althoughadropinworkrelatedphysicalactivitymayexplainupto100fewercaloriesburned,leisurephysicalactivityappearstohaveincreased.＂（尽管跟工作相关的体力活动减少导致人们少燃烧多达100卡路里，但休闲体力活动似乎有所增加）可知，在二十世纪八十年代和九十年代，人们的体力活动并未明显减少，故选D项。四、短文改错ThedaybeforeMother'sDay，everybodyaroundmewastalkingaboutwhatwasmostsuitablegifttheywouldbuyfortheirmothers.Buyingflowerswerewhatmoststudentswoulddo.However，Iwantedtodosomethingdifferently.AsthenIlivedinschoolandcouldn'tgobackhomeonMother'sDay，soIdecidedtocallherandsenthermybestwishes.IsearchedtheInternetforsuggestions，whatwereveryuseful，andIreaditcarefully.WhenIcalledmymother，however，Ihadthefeelthatsomeoneelse'swordswouldhavenomeaningtoher.SoIgaveinandjusttoldmymotherIlovedherandthankedhertoallshehaddoneforme.【答案】ThedaybeforeMother'sDay，everybodyaroundmewastalkingaboutwhatwaseq\o(\s\up8(∧),the)mostsuitablegifttheywouldbuyfortheirmothers.Buyingflowerseq\f(were,was)whatmoststudentswoulddo.However，Iwantedtodosomethingeq\