2024年北京人大附中朝阳学校高二（上）10月月考英语试题及答案

2024北京人大附中朝阳学校高二10月月考英语2024年10月1.本试卷分为四部分，共有54题，共8页试题，3页答题纸，考试时长100分钟，．满分100分。2.请将个人信息完整填写在答题纸密封线内，确保信息准确无误。考生须知3.客观题均须用2B铅笔按规定要求在“机读答题纸对应区域上作答，选项与题号要对应，填涂要规范，保持答题卡整洁，不要折叠、折皱、破损，不得做任何标记。4.主观题各题均须用黑色字迹的签字笔按规定要求在答题纸上作答。．．．．．．．．．．．第一部分：知识运用共两节，共20分)第一节完形填空(共小题;每小题1分，共10分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的、B、、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。TheIlookedthroughtheroster(花名册)postedonthewall.Mybody___1___asIsawallmyfriends’namesbutdidnotfindmine.Icouldfeelthetearsbuildingineyes.Ifelt___2___inside,likenothingmattered.WhenIgotbackhome,myfathernoticedmysullenwalkandgloomyface,andaskedmewhatwaswrong.“Allmyfriends___3___theschoolteam.Everyone!Exceptme…”Istammered.whatyougoingtodoaboutit?Areyoujustgoingtothere?”heasked.Iknowwhattojustshakinghead.Ithoughthardforthirtyminutesaboutwhatsaid,anditstartedmaking___4___.Nobodywasgoingtogivea___5___onthatteam.Iwouldhaveearnit.___6___,therewasagymnearmyschool,soassoonasschoolwasIbikedtothegymandtrainedhard.Iran,dribbled,andshotuntilI___7___ontheflooreverysingleThereweremomentswhenIthinkIcouldkeepongoing,butI___8___throughit.Afterall,Ithought,hardworkbeatstalentwhentalenthard.AfteralmostaItriedoutforseventh-gradeteamwithgreatconfidence.Regardlessoftheoutcome,IknewthatIhadworkedhardandlearnedsomethingaboutmental___9___.Thenextseeingnameprintedinboldletters,IrealizedImadeit.greaterthethe___10___thereward,andIofficiallymadeaturnaround.1.A.frozeB.changedB.lonelyC.shookD.expandedD.dead2.A.calmC.nervousC.acceptedC.sense3.A.made4.A.history5.A.taskB.supportedB.troubleB.spotD.celebratedD.wayC.handD.rewardD.HonestlyD.collapsed6.A.Accidentally7.A.rolledB.ConvenientlyB.movedC.C.struggled8.A.sawB.walkedB.flexibilityB.funnierC.poweredC.well-beingC.sweeterD.lookedD.sufferingD.quicker9.A.toughness10.A.purer第二节语法填空(共小题;每小题1分，共10分)A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Myphoneandlaptopareneveroutoftouchingdistance,soI’mconstantlypostingupdatesonsocialmedia—I’mhavingaonmywaytoschoolorwatchingTInI’mway____12____ashyorreservedperson,butI____13____(wire)upeveryfunnythatmyfriendsandIchatterawayonlinesomuch,butwhenwemeet,wejustspentthetime____14____(bend)overourphonesandenduphavingnothingtoB阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。IseenJenkinssinceI____15____(leave)school,butIoftenthinkabouthim.behonest,I____16____(perform)poorlyinmanyschoolsubjectsbeforeIhim,especiallyscience.me,wasasubjectfullofstrangewords.ButJenkinsmadeeverythinginteresting.Heusedtoexplainsomething____17____seemedwithlotsofpracticalexamplesandinsimplelanguage.evenbuiltarocketlitamatchsetitItwasgreatfun.C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Extrovertsarepeoplewholookoutwards.Theyconsider____18____(they)sociableandinterestedinarangeofexperiencesandenjoyspendingtimewithotherpeople.Introverts,ontheotherhand,lookinwards.Theyarereservedandtend____19____(think)beforetakingaction.Therehasbeensomeinterestingresearchinto____20____peoplearebasicallyextrovertsorintroverts.Somesayextrovertsandintrovertsarebornnotmadewhileothersbelievetheenvironmentismoreimportantshaping第二部分：阅读理解共两节;共分)第一节(共小题;每小题2分，共28分)AThePublicinNewOnourwebsite,youcanfindouthowmuchcoststoridethebus,LongIslandRailRoad,andMetro-NorththeNewarea.★Subwaysandbuses●Fareformostridersonsubwaysandlocal,limited,andSelectBusServicebuses:$2.85.●Expressbusescost$6.85.informationaboutsubwayandbus●Ridingthesubwaycosts$2.85formostriders.Peoplewithdisabilitiesorare65orolderarequalifiedforareducedfare.●AnunlimitedrideMetroCardcansaveyouItgivesyouunlimitedridesforacertainlengthoftime.●MetroCardscost$1.AllcardsexcepttheSingleRidecardarerefillable(可充值的).●Uptothreechildrenunder44inchestallrideforfreewhentheyarewithafare-payingadult.●paythefareatturnstiles(旋转闸门)beforeyouaboardthetrain.havetodoanythingafterwards.★Railroads:LIRR(LongIslandRailRoad)andMetro-North●Faresvarybasedonwhenandwherearetravelling.●Buyingticketsonyourphoneisthemostconvenientoption.informationaboutrailroad●Peak(高峰的)faresareduringbusinessrushhoursonanyweekdaytrainscheduledarriveinNewCityterminalsbetween6a.m.and10a.m.ordepartNewCityterminalsbetween4p.m.and8p.m.OnMetro-Northtrains,peakfaresalsoapplytotravelonanyweekdaytrainthatleavesGrandCentralStationbetween6a.m.and9a.m.●faresareatallothertimesonweekdays,alldayonSaturdayandandonholidays.●Useourtripplannerfindfareinformation.Getschedulesanddirectionsandseewhetheratripisduringpeakoroff-peakhours.21.Howmuchmightasubwaytripcosta68-year-oldmanwithchildrenunder44inchestall?A.$2.35.B.$2.85.C.$5.70.D.$6.85.22.ForwhattraintriparepeakfaresA.AweekdaytrainleavingGrandCentralStationatpm.B.AweekdaytrainleavingGrandCentralStationat7C.AweekdaytraindepartingNewCityterminalsat9pm.D.AweekdaytraindepartingNewCityterminalsat8:30am.23.Whyshouldpeoplereadthetripplanner?A.knowspecialB.leaveyouradvice.D.bookatrainticket.C.checkfareinformation.BWhenaHoustondadfoundouthiseight-year-oldsonbeingbullied,hegetmadattheclassmatewhoteasedhim.Instead,hetalkedwiththeso-calledbullyandrealizedthattheboywasstruggling,too.Aubreyson,Jordan,toldhimaboynamedwasteasinghim.Fontenotdecidedsitdownwithhisandunderstandwhatwasgoingon,andsomethingunexpectedhappened.toldFontenothewasbeingteasedatschool,too.“Iasked,who?arebig.arehuge.Whoisteasingyou?’”thefathersaid.“Hesaid,‘Justalltheotherkids,man.Theyaremakingofme.’”Fontenotlearnedthatwasgettingteasedforhisclothesandshoes—hisclothesandshoesoldandFontenotthenspokethe“Shekindofconfirmedit,”Fontenotsaid.“Andshesaid,thekindofsituation.’”Hefeltsympatheticyoungboyandwantedhelp.Soheaskedifhecouldtakehertodosomeshopping.Fontenotpostedvideosoftheirtripthemallonsocialmediaandtheywentviral.eventuallysmiled,andthenthetwowerelaughingandsingingtogetherontheirshoppingtrip.Justasifheweretakinghisownsondosomeshopping,Fontenotgotnewclothesandshoes,andsharedwordsofwisdomwithhim.Then,thedadunitedtheboys.Hesaidwasawkwardatfirst—justadaytheygetalongwellatschool.Butthetwoclassmatesstartedplayingsportsgamestogetherandsoonbecamefriends.Itwasnotjustabouttheclothesandshoes.gainedafriendinJordan,andamentorinhisdad.Fontenotsaidhewasalsobulliedwhenhewasachild,heknewitimportantlistenHechosekindnessinsteadofangerandbroughtthetwoboyswouldn’tsaythatwasthegoal,butthatthereward,”Fontenotsaid.24.Whatwasattitudetowardhisbeingbullied?A.Amazedembarrassed.C.Sadanddiscouraged.B.Angryandimpatient.D.Calmandsensible.25.WhatdidFontenotdotosolvetheproblemofbullying?A.Heturnedtheschoolforhelp.B.HemadethetwoboysunitedandjoinC.Heaskedmothersettletheproblem.D.Heorderedhisnevertoplaywithagain.26.Whatcanknowfromthetext?A.Fontenotcommunicatedwithmotherknowabouthim.B.beingbulliedarosefromhisclothesandshoes.C.Jordanandgotalongwellinthebeginning.D.motherpaidlittleattentiontoCRemovinggenderbiasworkedoutlongagothatmenandwomenhavedifferentshapes.thismessagehasfailedtoentermanyotherareasofdesign.Carseatbelts,forexample,whichdatebacktothe1880s,areoftenstillmoresuitableformen,tendtositfartherbackthanwomenwhendriving.Andtodaythemostforward-lookingtechcompaniesonEartharestillplacingold-schoolbias(偏见；成见)intonewproducts.Considersmartphones.Mostaretoobigfitcomfortablyintotheaveragehand,asaremanyvideo-gamecontrollers.Anobviouspartoftheexplanationfortheirdesignproblemisthatmencontrolmostofitscompanies—male-runfirmsreceive82%ofventure-capital(VC)funding.Malebossesmaybeunawareoftheproblemswomenface.Theymaynotflagupobviousareasofconcern,orasktherightquestionswhendoingtheirresearchforanewproductdesign.Andonceideagetsthegreenlight,itwillthenbehandledbyproduct-designandengineeringteams,three-quartersofwhosemembersaremen.Theseteamsoftendatatomakedecisions,butmixingalluserstogethermeanstheyfailtospottrendsbasedonsexdifferences.Dependenceonhistoricaldata,andthelackofdataunderrepresentedgroups,canalsocreatebiasinalgorithms(算法).Nextcomestesting.designerstestoriginalmodelsontheirintendedcustomers,buttheymaynotgetfeedbackfromabroadenoughgroupofpeople.Thereisalsotheriskofconfirmationbias—designersmaylistentowhattheywantandignorenegativereactionsfromsomegroupsofusers.designbiasneedsfixingformoral,safetyandbusinessreasons.Theethicalimportanceisobvious:itiswrongthatwomenhavemakedowitha“one-size-fits-men”world,asCarolineCriadoPerez,aputsit.Asforregulatorscantacklethatbybanningthingsthataredangeroustowomen—includingseatbelts—becausetheyareno!designedButthereisalsoapowerfulbusinesscaseforavoidingdesignbias,becausehugeopportunitiesarebeingmissed.are50%ofthepopulation,andmake70—80%oftheconsumer-spendingdecisions.Changeiscoming.firstvoice-recognitionsystemsstruggledunderstandfemalevoices,butmostnowmanagejustfine.“Femtech”start-upcompanies,whichfocusonhealthwell-being,raiseMYM1billionbytheendofthisVCfundsandtechfirmsarehiringwomen.Ensuringthatproductsaredesignedforeveryonewouldleadtohappierandsafercustomers.Forthecompaniesthatgetitright,thatmeanshigherprofits.Whatisholdingthemback?27.TheunderlinedpartinParagraph2means________.A.hitsthemarketB.getsapprovalC.becomessuccessfulD.comesintobeing28.WhatisdiscussedParagraphs2and3?A.Whydesignbiasneedstobefixed.B.Howgenderbiasisaffectingtechcompanies.C.Wheregenderbiasinproductdesignisrooted.D.Whoistoblameforgenderbiasintechcompanies.29.canlearnfromthepassagethat________.A.techcompaniesareunwillingtochangeB.designbiasmayresultinmissedopportunitiesC.maleworkersbenefitmoreinengineeringteamsD.techcompaniesarepooratmakinguser-friendlyproducts30.Howdoestheauthorfeelaboutthefutureofbias-freeproductdesign?A.Uncertain.C.Positive.B.Sceptical.D.Negative.DForseveraldecades,therehasbeenanextensiveandcampaignintendedgeneratedistrustinscience,fundedbythosewhoseinterestsandideologiesarethreatenedbythefindingsofmodernscience.Inresponse,scientistshavetendedtostressthesuccessofscience.Afterall,scientistshavebeenrightaboutmostthings.Stressingsuccesseswrong,butformanypeoplenotpersuasive.Analternativeanswerthequestion“Whytrustscience?”isthatscientistsusetheso-calledscientificmethod.Ifyou’vegotahighschoolsciencetextbooklyingaround,you’llprobablyfindthatanswerinit.Butwhatistypicallythoughtbethescientificmethod—developahypothesis(假设),thendesignexperimenttotestit—whatscientistsactuallydo.Scienceisdynamic:newmethodsgetinvented;oldonesgetabandoned;andsometimes,scientistscanbefounddoingmanythings.Ifthereisnoidentifiablescientificmethod,thenwhatisthereasonfortrustinscience?answerishowthoseclaimsareevaluated.Thecommonelementinmodernscience,regardlessofthespecificfieldortheparticularmethodsbeingused,isthestrictscrutiny(审查)ofclaims.thistough,sustainedprocessthatworkstomakesurefaultyclaimsarerejected.Ascientificclaimisneveracceptedastrueuntilithasgonethroughalengthy“peerreview”becausethereviewersareexpertsinthesamefieldhaveboththerightandtheobligation(责任)findfaults.AkeyaspectofscientificjudgmentisthatitisdoneNoclaimgetsaccepteduntilithasbeenvettedbydozens,ifnothundreds,ofheads.Inareasthathavebeencontested,likeclimatescienceandvaccinethousands.Thiswhywearegenerallyjustifiedinnotworryingtoomuchifasinglescientist,evenaveryfamousone,disagreeswiththeclaim.Andthisisdiversityinscience—themorepeoplelookingataclaimfromdifferentangles—isimportant.Doesthisprocesseverwrong?Ofcourse.Scientistsarehumans.Thereisalwaysthepossibilityofrevisingaclaimonthebasisofnewevidence.Somepeoplethatweshouldnottrustsciencebecausescientistsare“alwayschangingtheirminds.”Whileexamplesoftrulysettledsciencebeingoverturnedarefewerthanissometimesclaimed,theydoexist.Butthebeautyofthisscientificprocessisthatexplainswhatmightotherwiseappearparadoxical(矛盾的):thatscienceproducesbothnoveltyandScientistsdochangetheirmindsinthefaceofevidence,butthisisastrengthofscience,notaweakness.31.Howdoestheauthorthinkofthescientificmethod?A.Stable.B.Persuasive.D.Unrealistic.C.Unreliable.32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“vetted”inParagraph4probablymean?A.Explained.C.Repeated.B.Examined.D.Released.33.Accordingtothepassage,theauthormayagreethat______.A.itisnotpersuasivetorejectthosefaultyclaimsB.settledsciencetendstobecollectivelyoverturnedC.aleadingexpertcannotplayadecisiveroleinascrutinyD.diversityknowledgeisthecommonelementinscience34.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitlethepassage?A.PutFaithinScienceB.DefendtheScienceD.ExploreADynamictoScienceC.ApplyMindtoScience第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)阅读短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。AreaPrisonerofPerfection?Doyoustruggleforagoalthatisbeyondyourreach?___35___Areyousettingyourselfupforfailureandshamewhenachievetheunachievable?Understandingwhatdrivesperfectionismisthesteptowardreleasingthisself-createdanchorthatkeepsusstuck.Shameandfearareoftenhiddendriversofperfectionism.believethatifwecanfashionaperfectlypolishedflashintelligence,andperfectourthennoonecanhurtuswithcriticismandwe’llwinrespectandapproval.___36___Politicianswhodisplayadesperateneedtorightandrefusetoacknowledgemistakesoruncertaintyoftendrivenbyasecretshame.Theyfearthatshowingvulnerability(弱点)willexposethemtotheaccusationthatthey’reweak.Theystickadesiretoberight,perfect,andpolished,evenwhenobviousthattheemperorhasnoclothes.Perfectionismkeepsusleaningtowardthefuture.constantlyevaluatingourselvesinordertodo___37___ifwerelaxandenjoylightermoments,thenwebecomeprisonersofourperfectionism.getpainfullyself-consciousandtakeourselvestoowedeprive(剥夺)ourselvesofthesimplepleasureofenjoyingthemomentandbeingourselves.___38___realizethatfailinganyenterprisemeanthatweareafailure.failures,we’llneverlearnfromourmistakes;we’llnevermoveforwardourlives.Thosewhosucceedhavemadecountlessmistakes.importantthingistolearnfromourourselvesandmoveon.Beinghuman,perfectionisimpossible.___39___Releasingourselvesfromthedesiretoprotectourimage,we’refreedsailgracefullythroughoursuccessesandfailures—andenjoyourpreciouslife.A.Doyouholdidealizedvisionthatisimpossibletorealize?B.Acuretoperfectionismtomakeroomforourhumanshortcomings.C.Doyoufearthatotherswillbehorrifiedbywhatyoujudgeaboutyourself?D.Theaddictiontostayingperfectprotectsusfromanysignofbeingimperfect.E.nothingwrongwithwantingtodoourbestandself-correctingalongPeoplewhoareaddictedperfectionoftenisolated,eveniftheyseemoutgoingandG.Byacceptingourselvesasweareanddoingourbest,webegintheshamethatdrivesperfectionism.第三部分：基础知识检测(共10小题;每小题1分，共分)根据每句话所给的汉语及首字母提示完成句子，每个空仅填写一个词，请用单词或短语的正确形式填空。把单词或短语的完整形式填写在答题纸上。40.Itseemedi________(难以置信的)thatshehadbeenthereaweek（根据中英文提示填空）41.Iamextremelyg______(感激的)toalltheteachersfortheirhelp.(根据中英文提示填空)42.talktoveryeasilyd______(精神无法集中的).(根据中英文提示填空)43.Hewassod________非常需要的)forajobthathewouldhavedoneanything.(根据中英文提示单词拼写)44.Suchpolicieswouldrequireunprecedentedc______(合作)betweennations.根据中英文提示填空)45.mustpromoteinspirecreativityandencouragei______(革新，创新).(根据中英文提示填空)46.Thehousehas____________(属于)herfamilyforthreeorfourgenerations.(根据汉语提示完成句子)47.couple____________(抱怨)thehighcostofvisitingEurope,sotheydecidednottogothere.(根据汉语提示完成句子)48.Socialnetworking______(主宰，支配)lifeinmanyways.(根据汉语意思填空)49.__________________(和……对比)extroverts,introvertsvaluebutdeeperexperiences.(根据汉语提示完成句子)第四部分：书面表达共两节，分)第一节(共4小题;第、51题各2分，第题3分，第53题5分，共12分)阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。TheImpactofSocialMediaonAdolescentsUsingsocialmediahasbecomearoutineactivityformostyoungpeople.Inrecentyears,thenumberofyoungpeopleusingsocialmediahasincreasedsoapartoftheirsocialandemotionaldevelopmentisoccurringwhiletheyareontheInternet.Socialmediaallowsyoungpeopleachieveonlinemanyofthetasksthatareimportanttothemoffline:stayingconnectedwithfriendsandmakingnewfriends,andexchangingideas.Someschoolssuccessfullyuseblogsasteachingtools,whichhasthebenefitofimprovingskillsinwrittenexpressionandAtthesametime,socialmediahelpsthemgetwhattheywant,increasetheirknowledgeandconfidenceintheiracademicperformance.Whilesocialmediaprovidesmanybenefits,itcanalsohaveanegativeimpactonyoungpeople,bothphysicallyandItiseasytobecomeaddicted,andresearchshowsthatstudentsspendtoomuchtimeonsocialmediacanfrompoorsleep,eyefatigue,negativebodyimage,depression,anxietyandmore.Researchindicatesthattherefrequentonlineexpressionsofbehaviours,whichhaveintroducedproblemssuchascyberbullyingandonlineharassment().Usingsocialmediabecomesarisktoadolescentsmorethantheycanrealise.Whenpeoplegoonwebsites,theyleaveevidenceoftheirvisits.Thisongoingrecordofonlineactivityiscalledthe“digitalfootprint”.Oneofthebiggestthreatstoyoungpeopleonsocialmediaistotheirdigitalfootprintandfuturereputations.peoplewholackanawarenessofprivacyissuesoftenpostinappropriatematerialwithoutunderstandingthat“whatgoesonlinestaysonline”.Asaresult,futurejobsandcollegeacceptancemaybeputindangerbyinexperiencedclicksofthemouse.50.WhyisapartofyoungsocialandemotionaldevelopmentoccurringontheInternet?__________________________________________________________________________________________51.WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?__________________________________________________________________________________________52.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplain▶improperdigitalfootprintmayhaveanimpactoncyberbullyingandonlineharassment.__________________________________________________________________________________________53.Howdoyoumakefulluseofsocialmediabetteryourlifeandstudy?Pleasegiveoneortwoexamples.(Inabout40)__________________________________________________________________________________________第二节(20分)54.假定你是李华，你校将举办留学生中文演讲比赛，主题为“我眼中的中国”。请给你的交换生朋友Jim写封邮件，邀请他参加。内容包括：1.比赛相关信息2.建议演讲内容注意：1.1002.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearJim,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________LiHua参考答案第一部分：知识运用共两节，共20分)第一节完形填空(共小题;每小题1分，共10分)【答案】1.A2.D3.A4.C5.B6.B7.D8.C9.A10.C【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了作者的朋友都被选进校篮球队，自己却落选了，作者感觉非常难过，爸爸得知此事反问作者应该怎么做，作者思考过后觉得爸爸的话有道理，于是努力训练，一年后如愿被选入球队。【1题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我看到所有朋友的名字，却没有找到我的名字时，我的身体僵住了。A.froze突然停止；B.changed改变；C.shook摇动，颤抖；D.expanded扩大，增加。根据“asIsawallfriends’namesbutdidnotfindmine”可知，作者看到朋友都被选进校队，自己却落选时顿时僵住了。故选A项。【2题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我感觉心如死灰，好像什么都不重要了。A.calm镇静的；B.lonely孤单的；C.nervous紧张的；D.dead麻木的，无知觉的。根据空后“likenothingmattered”可知，作者感觉心如死灰，好像什么都不重要了。故选D项。【3题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我所有的朋友都被选进了校队。每个人！除了我……”我结结巴巴地说。A.made制作；B.supported支持；C.accepted接受；D.celebrated庆祝。根据上文“asIsawallfriends’names”可知，作者的朋友都被选进了校队，maketheteam被选进球队，组队，固定短语。故选A项。【4题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我认真地思考了30分钟，爸爸说的话开始有了意义。A.history历史；B.trouble麻烦；C.sense道理，合理性；D.way方法。根据下文“Nobodywasgoinggivemea___5___onthatteam.Iwouldhaveearnit.”可知，作者思考过后感觉爸爸说的话有道理，makesense讲得通，言之有理，固定短语。故选C项。【5题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有人会在那个团队给我留一席之地。A.task任务；B.spot地点，位置；C.hand手；D.reward回报。根据下文“Iwouldhaveearnit.”及作者接下来努力训练可知，此处指没有人会为自己在球队留一个位置。故选B项。【6题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：方便的是，学校附近有一个体育馆，所以一放学，我就骑自行车去健身房刻苦训练。A.Accidentally意外地，偶然；B.Conveniently方便地，便利地；C.临时地；D.Honestly诚实地。结合“therewasagymnearschool”可知，此处指“方便的是，学校附近有一个体育馆”。故选B项。【7题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我每天跑动、运球、投篮，直到瘫倒在地。A.rolled（使）翻滚，滚动；B.moved移动；C.struggled挣扎；D.collapsed倒塌，瘫倒。结合空后“onthefloor”及语境可知，作者刻苦训练，直到累得瘫倒在地。故选D项。【8题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有些时候，我觉得自己无法继续下去，但我还是挺过去了。A.saw看见；B.walked走路；C.powered驱动，提供动力；D.looked看。根据转折连词but可知，此处指虽然有时感觉无法继续下去了，但还是挺过去，power符合语境。故选C项。【9题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：不管结果如何，我知道我已经努力了，并学会了一些关于精神坚韧的东西。A.toughness坚韧，坚强；B.flexibility灵活；C.well-being幸福；D.suffering痛苦。结合语境及“Regardlessoftheoutcome”可知，作者这次参加选拔赛不介意结果如何，因为自己尽力了，精神上也学会了坚强。故选A项。【10题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：付出的努力越大，回报就越令人满意，我终于正式扭转了局面。A.purer更纯洁的；B.funnier更有趣的；C.sweeter更甜的，更令人满意的；D.quicker更快的。结合作者自身的经历可知，越努力，回报就越令人满意。故选C项。第二节语法填空(共小题;每小题1分，共10分)【答案】whether12.beyond13.amwired14.bending【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在日常生活中对社交媒体的依赖以及这种依赖带来的影响。【题详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：无论我是在喝咖啡、上学的路上还是看电视，我都在不断更新社交媒体。本空引导让步状语从句，用whether引导，表示“无论……还是……”。故填whether。【12题详解】考查介词。句意：事实上，我远非一个害羞或矜持的人，但我每天都在网上。本空用介词beyond“超waybeyond“远非，远不是”为固定短语。故填beyond。【13题详解】考查动词语态。句意：事实上，我远非一个害羞或矜持的人，但我每天都在网上。根据everyday可知，本句描述经常或习惯性动作，时态用一般现在时，且主语I与wireup“给……布线，连接起来”为被动关系，句子用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为I，be动词用am。故填amwired。【14题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：有趣的是，我和朋友们经常在网上聊天，但当我们见面时，我们只是把时间花在低头看手机上，最后却无话可说。本句谓语为spent，此处为非谓语动词，“spend+时间+(in)doingsth.”意为“花时间做某事”，本空应用动名词，作宾语。故填bending。【答案】15.left16.performed17.that【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者回忆他的科学启蒙老师詹金斯以及有趣的实验操作。【15题详解】考查动词时态。句意：我离开学校后就没见过詹金斯先生，但我经常想起他。此处为since引导的时间状语从句中谓语动词的填入，主句为现在完成时，从句应为一般过去时。故填left。【16题详解】考查动词时态。句意：说实话，在认识他之前，我在学校的很多科目都很差，尤其是在科学方面。此处为谓语动词的填入，结合before从句中的动词met可知，此处为陈述过去发生的事情，为一般过去时。故填performed。【17题详解】考查定语从句。句意：他过去常常用许多实际的例子和简单的语言来解释一些看起来很难的事情。分析句子可知，此处为关系代词that引导的定语从句，先行词something为不定代词在从句中作主语成分，所以此处只可用that引导。故填that。【答案】18.themselves19.tothink20.why【导语】本文的体裁是说明文。文章主要介绍了外向型和内向型人格的特征，并简要概述了关于人格类型是天生还是后天形成的科学研究。【18题详解】考查代词。句意：他们认为自己善于交际，对一系列经历感兴趣，喜欢与他人共度时光。本空用反身代词themselves“他们自己”，作consider的宾语。故填themselves。【19题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们是内向的并倾向于在采取行动之前思考。本句谓语为are和tend，此处为非谓语动词，应用think“思考”的不定式，作tend的宾语。tendtodosth倾向于做某事。故填tothink。【20题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：关于为什么人们基本上是外向或内向的，有一些有趣的研究。本空引导宾语从句，从句作into的宾语，表示“为什么”，用why引导宾语从句。故填why。第二部分：阅读理解共两节;共分)第一节(共小题;每小题2分，共28分)【答案】21.A22.B23.C【导语】本文属于应用文。文章主要介绍了纽约地铁、公交车和铁路等公共交通乘坐费用情况，还涉及地铁及公交费减免情况和铁路交通高峰期的时间和车费。【21题详解】推理判断题。根据Moreinformationaboutsubwayandbusfares部分中“Ridingthesubwaycosts$2.85formostriders.Peoplewithdisabilitiesorwhoare65orolderarequalifiedforareducedfare.(对大多数乘客来说，乘坐地铁的费用是2.85美元。残疾人士或65岁以上的老年人可享受优惠票价)”和“Uptothreechildrenunderinchestallridefreewhentheyarewithafare-payingadult.(最多344英寸以下的儿童可以免费乘坐，只要他们有一个付费的成人陪伴)”可知一位68岁男子带着身高44英寸以下的孩子需要付的车费低于$2.85。故选A。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据Moreinformationaboutrailroadfare部分中“OnMetro-Northtrains,peakfaresalsoapplytotravelonanyweekdaytrainthatleavesGrandCentralStationbetween6a.m.and9a.m.(地铁北线列车的高峰票价也适用于工作日早上6点至9点之间从中央车站出发的任何列车)”可知，在上午七点离开GrandCentral车站属于交通高峰期。故选B。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据本文最后一段“Useourtripplannertofindfareinformation.Getschedulesanddirectionsandseewhetheratripisduringpeakoroff-peakhours.(使用我们的旅行计划来查找票价信息。了解行程和方向，看看旅行是在高峰时间还是非高峰时间)”可知，通过行程规划可以找到费用信息。故选C。【答案】24.D25.B26.A【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个发生在休斯顿的温馨故事。一位父亲发现他8岁的儿子在学校被欺负后，没有选择愤怒地对待那个欺负他儿子的孩子，而是选择了理解和沟通。通过与所谓的“欺负者”对话，他发现那个孩子也在经历困难。这位父亲通过同情和帮助，最终让两个原本不和的孩子成为了朋友。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“WhenaHoustondadfoundouthiseight-year-oldwasbeingbullied,hegetmadtheclassmateteasedhim.Instead,hetalkedwiththeso-calledbullyandrealizedthattheboywasstruggling,too.(当一位休斯顿的父亲发现他八岁的儿子被欺负时，他并没有对嘲笑他的同学生气。相反，他与所谓的欺负者交谈，意识到这个男孩也在挣扎)”可知，Fontenot在发现儿子被欺负后，没有生气，而是选择与欺负者交谈，了解到对方也在挣扎。这表明Fontenot的态度是冷静和理智的。故选D项。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Butthetwoclassmatesstartedplayingsportsgamestogetherandsoonbecamefriends.(但这两个同学开始一起做运动游戏，很快就成了朋友)”可知，Fontenot通过一系列的努力，最终让两个男孩团结起来，成为了朋友。故选B项。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Fontenotthenspoketothe随后与男孩的母亲交谈)”和第四段“Hefeltsympathetictotheyoungboyandwantedhelp.(他同情那个小男孩，想帮助他)”可知，Fontenot通过与的母亲沟通，了解到的情况，并产生了同情心，想要帮助他。这表明Fontenot是通过与的母亲沟通来了解的。故选A项。【答案】27.B28.C29.B30.C【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了“产品设计存在性别偏见”这一事实，分析了在产品设计上产生偏见和原因，出于道德，安全以及商业原因，这些偏见需要消除，而作者对此抱有积极态度。【27题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线短语的主语“anidea”意为“想法；主意”，结合后文“itwillthenbehandledbyproduct-designandengineeringteams,three-quartersofwhosemembersaremen.”（然后，它将由产品设计和和工程团队来处理。由此可推知，划线短语“getsthegreenlight”应是“获得批准”含义，与选项B“getsapproval(得到批准)”表达含义一致。故选B项。【28题详解】主旨大意题。通过阅读文章第二，三段内容可知，第二段中“Anobviouspartoftheexplanationfortheirdesignproblemisthatmencontrolmostofitscompanies—male-runfirmsreceive82%ofventure-capital(VC)funding.”（其设计问题的一个明显原因是男性控制了大部分公司。男性经营的公司获得了82%的风险投司，并且在进行决策是，往往使用的是缺乏普适性的数据。第三段的主旨句为“designerstestoriginalmodelsontheirintendedcustomers,buttheynotgetfeedbackfromabroadenoughgroupofpeople.”（当然，设计师会在他们的目标客户身上测试原始模型，但他们可能无法从足够广泛的人群中获往往忽略一些用户群体的负面反馈。由此可知，第二，三段主要讲述了在产品设计过程中，哪些环节出现了问题。故选C项。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第五段内容“Butthereisalsoapowerfulbusinesscaseforavoidingdesignbias,becausehugeopportunitiesarebeingmissed.”（但也有一个强大的商业理由来避免设计偏见，因为巨大的机会正在B项。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段开头句“Changeiscoming.”可知，在作者看来，改变（产品性别偏见）即将到来，且后文“‘Femtech’start-upcompanies,whichfocusonhealthandwell-being,mayraiseMYM1billionbytheendthisVCfundsandtechfirmsarehiringmorewomen.Ensuringthatproductsaredesignedforeveryonewouldleadtohappierandsafercustomers.Forthecompaniesthatgetitright,thatmeanshigherprofits.(专注于女性健康和福祉的“Femtech”初创公司可能在今年年底前筹集到10亿美元的MYM资金。风投基金和科技公司正在雇佣更多的女性。确保产品是为每个人设计的，将会带来更快乐和更安全的客户。对那些做对了的公司来说，这意味着更高的利润。)”列举了一些产品的设计考的女性用户的例子以及公司会雇佣更多的女性能够带来更高的利润。由此推断作者对于无偏见产品设计的未来持有积极的态度。故选C项。【答案】31.C32.B33.C34.A【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了为什么科学值得我们信任。【31题详解】推理判断题。由第二段中的Butwhatistypicallythoughtbethescientificmethod—developahypothesis(假设),thendesignanexperimenttest—whatscientistsactuallydo.Scienceisdynamic:newmethodsgetinvented;oldonesge