2023年中考英语被动语态复习课件

动词的语态教学目标：被动语态的定义：2.被动语态的结构：3.被动语态的用法：一.重点：二.难点：1.灵活运用被动语态2.动词的过去分词

英语动词有两种语态：

主动语态

(theActiveVoice)

被动语态(thePassiveVoice)A.主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。B.被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。Weplantedthetree.Thetreewasplantedbyus.语态的概述：WespeakEnglish.主语谓语宾语Englishisspokenbyus.主语谓语宾语主动语态被动语态(1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁，不用by＋动作执行者短语。如：

Thedictionaryiswellkept.这本词典被保存完好(不需要说明是谁保存的)。(2)强调动作的承受者，这时应用by短语。

The

cup

was

broken

by

David.

这个杯子被大卫打碎了。

(3)做客观说明时,常采用一种被动语态句型：It’s

/

was

said

/

believed

/

reported

/

+

that

…据说/据报道……如：It’s

reported

that

about

three

hundred

people

were

killed

in

this

earthquake.被动语态的用法：

被动语态的构成：

be+动词的过去分词如:Thedeskismadeofwood.Thedesksaremadeofwood.Heisaskedaquestionbytheteacher.Iwasgivenanicepresentbymyfriendyesterday.被动语态的结构：在改写中应注意：1.把原来的宾语提到前面作被动语态的主语;2.把动词变成“be+过去分词”;3.主动语态中的主语变为介词by的宾语。主动语态变被动语态的方法：

例1将下列句子改为被动语态。

We

cleanourclassroomeveryday.

Ourclassroomiscleaned(byus)everyday.

考点梳理主变被解题步骤:1.找宾语----即动作的承受者They

make

shoesinthatfactory.

Shoes2.判断宾语的单复数----即be动词的单复数.arewere3.判断动词的时态----即be动词的时态.4.修改谓语的时态----即原句动词改为过去分词

made5.修改原句的主语----即by+主语.bythem.1.They

make

shoesinthatfactory.

Shoesaremade(bythem)inthatfactory.一般现在时的被动语态构成：am/is/are+过去分词主动语态变被动语态：考点突破Shewaterstheflowerseveryday.Theflowerseveryday.arewateredbyher考点突破2.I

bought

acomputerlastterm．Acomputer

wasbought(byme)lastterm.一般过去时：was/were+过去分词考点突破Thestudentsplantedmanytreesyesterday.Manytreeswereplantedbythestudentsyesterday.考点突破4.They

willfinish

theworkintendays.Thework

willbefinished

(bythem)intendays.一般将来时：will+be+过去分词考点突破

Theywillhaveaneveningpartynextweek.Aneveningpartywillbehadnextweek.考点突破5.Someworkers

arepainting

theroomsnow．Therooms

arebeingpainted

bysomeworkersnow.现在进行时：am/is/are+being+过去分词考点突破Heisdoinghomework.Homeworkisbeingdonebyhim.考点突破7．I

wasdoing

myhomeworkat8:00lastnight．Myhomework

wasbeingdone(byme)at8:00lastnight.过去进行时：was/were+being+过去分词考点突破Theywereeatingdumplingsat6:30yesterday.Dumplingswerebeingeatenat6:30yesterday考点突破

Anncantakegoodcareof

thecats

．Thecats

canbetakengoodcareof

byAnn.情态动词：can/may/must/should+be+过去分词考点突破Theycansingsomebeautifulsongs.Somebeautifulsongscanbesungbythem.考点突破“Wemustputtheminthefridge.”Thebearsthought.“Theymustbeputinthefridge.”Thebearsthought.考点突破6．We

havemade

twentymorekeys．Twentymorekeys

havebeenmade

byus.现在完成时：have/has+been+过去分词考点突破Workers

havebuiltthehousesincetwoyearsago.Thehousehasbeenbuiltsincetwoyearsago.考点突破

4）现在进行时：am/is/arebeing+v-ed5）过去进行时：was/werebeing+v-ed6）现在完成时：have/hasbeen+v-ed7)情态动词：can/should/may/be+v-ed二、各种时态的被动语态构成

1）一般现在时：am/is/are+v-ed2）一般过去时：was/were+v-ed3）一般将来时：willbe+v-ed考点总结：考点梳理

(1)有两个宾语的句子的被动语态（直接宾语，间接宾语）

常见的接双宾语的动词有：give,teach,pay,tell,buy,show,lend,write,pass等。

He

gave

me

a

book.

－I

was

given

a

book

by

him.(以I做主语)

－A

book

was

given

to

me

by

him.

(以物book作主语)【考点精练】5.He

teaches

us

English.

________________________________(以人当主语)________________________________(以物作主语)WearetaughtEnglish(byhim).Englishistaughttous(byhim).拓展知识点以“人”当主语时，变法和一般的变法一样；以“物”当主语时，在保留的间接宾语前必须加to或for.七给一带to

不少，买画唱做for

来帮考点梳理

（2）英语中有“十大动词”的说法，即feel,hear,listen

,have,make,let(让、使)

,

lookat,

watch,see,notice，这些词在主动语态中，其后的动词不定式不加to，但在变被动语态时必须加to。如：I

saw

him

go

into

the

office

building.

—Hewasseentogointotheofficebuilding.【考点精练】6.IheardJohnleavetheroom.

—____________________________________.Johnwasheardto

leavetheroom.拓展知识点1.Peopleuseknivesforcuttingthings.Knives___________forcuttingthings.2.Thestudentscleanthewindowsoftheirclassroomtwiceamonth.Thewindowsoftheirclassroom_____________twiceamonth.areusedarecleaned(变被动语态）课堂小测：3.Ifoundtheticketonthefloor.________________________onthe

floor.4.Itoldhertoreturnthebookintime.She_____________toreturnthebook

intime.Theticketwasfoundwastold5.Hisdoctormadehimhaveonlytwomealsaday.He___________________________onlytwomealsaday.6.Nowpeoplecanusecomputerstohelpthem.Nowcomputers___________________tohelpthem.wasmadetohavecanbeused7.Didyouplantmanytreesatthistimelastyear?___________________________atthistimelasttime?8.Mustwefinishourworktoday?_______ourwork_____________today?WeremanytreesplantedMustbefinished9.Theforeignfriendsgaveussomewonderfulstamps.1)____________________somewonderfulstamps.2)Somewonderfulstamps_____________________________.weweregivenweregiventous10.TheteacheraskedTomtoturnonthecomputer.Tom_______________toturnonthecomputer.11.Inthisfactorywomendomostofthework.Mostofthework_______________bywomeninthisfactory.wasaskedisdone12.Hecanmendthebikeintwodays.Thebike___________________intwodays.13.Youmusttakethismedicinethreetimesaday.Thismedicine__________________threetimesaday.canbementmustbetaken14.ThestudentsinthisschoolstudyGerman.German_______________bythestudentsinthisschool.15.Dotheyoftentalkaboutthisquestion?______thisquestionoften_______about______________?isstudiedIstalkedbythem中考面对面()1.—CanBobsparesometimeforthecharityshow?—Ifhe___,hewilltryhisbesttomakeit.willbeinvitedB.isinvited C.invites D.invited

()2.

Alotoftrees

aroundhereeveryyearandwecanenjoyfresherhairnow.A.plantB.isplantedC.wereplantedD.areplanted()3We______tostartatonce,orwe’llmissthetrain.A.tellB.havetoldC.aretoldD.told()4.Ournewlibrary______lastyear.Weenjoyreadingandstudyinginit.A.buildsB.builtC.isbuiltD.wasbuilt()5.Anewschool_________lastyearinmyhometown.setup B.setsup C.issetupD.wassetup()6.PukouRailwayStation_______in1911andithasbecomeafilminglocationforfilmsandTVplaysinrecentyears.A.buildB.isbuiltC.builtD.wasbuilt()7.—DidJackcometoourpartyyesterday?—No,he_______didn’tinviteB.wasn’tinvitedC.isn’tinvitedD.hasn’tinvited()8.Everybody_________deeplyaftertheyheardthestory.A.moves B.moved C.ismoved D.wasmoved中考面对面()9.—Chineseteaispopulararoundtheworld.—Iagree.It_____toKoreaandJapanduringthe6thand7thcenturies.A.brings