福建省福州市山海联盟2023-2024学年高一上学期期中英语试卷【含答案解析】

山海联盟校教学协作体2023-2024学年第一学期期中考高一英语分值：150分完卷时间：120分钟第一部分听力（共两节，20小题；每题1.5分，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhatdoesthemanespeciallylikeaboutChongqing?A.Itsclimate. B.Itsscenery. C.Itsfood.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Hi,Nancy.DoyouknowChongqinginSoutheastChina?W:Yes.Itislargelybuiltonmountainsandsurroundedbyrivers;thusitisknownasthe“mountaincity”.ManypeoplearedrawntoChongqingbyitsnaturalscenery.M:Yes.ButIpreferitsdeliciousfood.Iespeciallylikeitsspecialspicyhotpot.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】HowwillthespeakersgotothePeople’sPark?A.Bybus. B.Onfoot. C.Bysubway.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:ShallwegotothePeople’sParktoday?M:Thatsoundslikeagoodidea.Wecantakeabusthere.It’sveryconvenient.W:OK.Let’swalkacrossthestreet.Thebusstopisnexttothesubwaystation.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Schoolmates. B.Motherandson. C.Teacherandstudent.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:James,youareleavingforyournewschooltomorrow.CanIdosomethingtohelpyoupack?M:PleaseaskDadwheremyoldschoolbackpackis.4.此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Onwhichfloorarechildren’stoys?A.The3rdfloor. B.The4thfloor. C.The5thfloor.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Arechildren’sclothesonthe3rdfloor?W:No,theyareonthe4thfloor.Andtherearechildren’stoysonthe5thfloor.Theyareonsalenow.Youcangoandhavealook.M:Thankyou.Iwillgotherelater.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Abook. B.Awriter. C.Anorganization.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Whatareyoureading?M:LoveChinaAllMyLife:IsabelCrook’sStories.ItwaswrittenbyTanKai.ThebookfeaturesIsabelCrook,awomanwhodevotedyearsofherlifetoChina’sEnglishlanguageeducation.W:Oh,I’veheardofit.Itisoneofthe12newlypublishedbooksrecommendedinApril.听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whathappenedtotheboy?A.Hefeltundertheweather.B.Hewaslateforschool.C.Heskippedbreakfast.7.Whatwillthewomandofirst?A.Cooksomenoodles. B.Callthedoctor. C.Makesometea.【答案】6.A7.C【解析】【原文】M:Mom,I’msick.MythroathurtsandIhaveastomachache.CanIstayathomethismorning?W:I’llaskforsickleaveforyou.Maybeyouatesomethingbad.Whatdidyoueatlastnight?M:Justthenoodlesyoucooked.ButIdon’tthinkthereisanyproblemwiththenoodles.DadandEmilyatethemtoo.W:Yeah,nooneelseissick,soit’snotthat.I’llmakeyousometeawithhoneynow.AndthenIwillcallthedoctor.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.WhoisMike?A.Ann’shusband. B.Ann’scolleague. C.Ann’sroommate.9.WhydoesSusanmakethecall?A.Toarrangeameeting.B.Tofindapart-timejob.C.Togetsomeinformation.10.WhenwillSusanmeettheteachers?A.OnWednesday. B.OnThursday. C.OnFriday.【答案】8.B9.C10.A【解析】【原文】M:Hello,ABCServiceCompany.ThisisMikespeaking.W:Hello,thisisSusan.MayIspeaktoAnn?M:I’mafraidshe’sontheotherlinenow.WhatcanIdoforyou?W:OK,Iregisteredtohireapart-timeteacherthroughyourcompanylastweek.NowI’mcallingtoknowwhetherthereisanymessageornot?M:Pleasewaitamoment.Letmecheck.W:Allright.M:Er…therearethreeteacherswhocanmeetyourrequirements.Doyouneedustoarrangeameeting?W:Thatwillbegood.IamgoingonabusinesstriponThursdayandFriday,buttheothertimeisavailable.M:ThenhowaboutthisWednesday?W:OK.Thankyouverymuch.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthesuite?A.Itisbeautiful. B.Itisexpensive. C.Itiscomfortable.12.Whichisincludedintheprice?A.Breakfast. B.Lunch. C.Supper.13.Howmuchwillthemanpayforhisroom?A.$250. B.$500. C.$750.【答案】11.B12.A13.C【解析】【原文】W:CanIhelpyou?M:Iurgentlyneedaroomfortomorrownight.Doyouhaveanyvacancies?W:Yes,wehave.Whatkindofroomwouldyoulike?M:I’dlikeasuitewithanoceanview,please.W:Noproblem,sir.M:Whatisthepriceofthesuite?W:Itis$250pernight.M:Itistoohigh.Iamtoldthatyourhotelisofferingdiscountsnow.W:Theofferendedyesterday.I’msorry.M:Thendoyouhaveanythinglessexpensive?W:Sorry,sir.Sofaritistheleastexpensivesuitefortomorrownight.M:OK.Iwilltakeit.Bytheway,doesthepriceincludebreakfast?W:Yesitdoes.Butyoumustpayforthelunchandsupper.Andhowlongdoyouexpecttostay?M:Threedays.W:OK.Ourcheck-intimeisafter2:00pm.Seeyoutomorrow.M:Thankyou.Seeyou.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.Whatwillthewomanandherauntdofirstduringtheholiday?A.TravelaroundHollywood. B.GotoPalmSprings. C.Visitafriend.15.WhydoesthewomanwanttodrivetoPalmSprings?A.Tosavetime. B.Toenjoythescenery. C.Tocarrythingseasily.16.Whatistheman’splanforthefirstweek?A.Takingatrip. B.Doingthegardening. C.Havingsomeclasses.17.Howwillthemanlearnswimming?A.Teachhimself. B.Learnfromhisbrother. C.Hireaswimminginstructor.【答案】14.A15.B16.B17.B【解析】【原文】M:Whatareyoudoingintheholiday?W:Well,myauntiscomingtovisitforseveralweeks.M:Whereareyougoing?W:Forthefirstweek,we’rejustgoingtostayinthecity.Shewantstoexplorethecity.I’mgoingtotakehertotheusualplaces,likeHollywoodandallthemoviestudios.Thenafterthat,we’regoingtoPalmSpringsforacoupleofdaysandvisitafriendofminethere.We’redrivingtherebecauseit’ssobeautifulgoingthroughthemountains.M:Soundsgood!W:Whataboutyou?Doyouhaveanyplansforthevacation?M:I’mgoingtostayathomeanddosomegardeningonthefirstweekbecausemyparentswilltakeatrip.I’mgoingtotakeswimmingclassesonthesecondweek.Mybrotherisgoingtoteachme.Heisaswimminginstructor.W:That’sgreat.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】18.Wheredoeskiwifruitoriginallycomefrom?A.China. B.America. C.NewZealand.19.Whenwas“zipper”trademarked?A.In1923. B.In1930. C.In1959.20.Whoisthelargestproducerofzippers?A.AnAmericancompany. B.AJapanesecompany. C.AFrancecompany.【答案】18.A19.A20.B【解析】【原文】W:Howdothingsgettheirnames?Thatisnotalwaysaneasyquestiontoanswer.Therearemanydifferentways.Todaylet’slookathowtwothingsgottheirnames.ManypeopleassociatekiwifruitwithNewZealand,butthisfruitisactuallynativetoChina.Chinaisthetopproducerofkiwifruit.AteacherfromNewZealandtookitfromChinain1904.Thenin1959,aNewZealandcompanywantedtoshipthefruitabroad.Theynameditkiwiaftertheirnationalbird.Bythe1970s,everyonewascallingthefruitbythatname.Next,let’stalkaboutzippers.Whatwouldwedowithoutzippers?Thiscleverlittleinventionisusedtofastenmanydifferentthings.Zippersweredevelopedbyseveralpeopleovermanyyearsstartingin1851.Duringthattime,thedevicehadanumberofnames.Finallyin1923,anAmericancompanynameda“zipper”andtrademarkedit.Thewordzippercomesfromthesounditmakeswhenitopensorcloses.However,thecompanylostitstrademarkin1930whenzipperbecamepopularasageneralterm.NowadaysninetypercentofzippersareproducedbyaJapanesecompanycalledYKK.第二部分阅读（共两节，20小题；每题2分，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWearecurrentlylookingforresponsibleteenagersandyoungadultstoassistwithSummerCamp.YouthTeachingAssistants(YTA)areaged15andolderandoffersupporttotheinstructors.YTAoptionswillbeavailablefromJune22toAugust21onaweeklybasis.SummerCampmeetsforafive-dayweek,MondaythroughFriday.SummerCampisheldontheNationalMallintheS.DillonRipleyCenter,unlessotherwisestated.ServingasaYTAprovidesanoutstandingwayforteenstobeinvolvedwithanationalorganization.AssistingaprofessionalInstructor,YTAsareintroducedtotheworldofteaching.ThewiderangeofprogramsoffersYTAstheopportunitytoexperienceandlearnaboutsubjectssuchasart,science,ortheater.YTAsearncommunityservicecreditsandalsohaveaninterestingexperiencetoaddtoanapplicationforcollegeorafuturejob.SomeofYTAresponsibilitiesareasfollows:Youwillbegivenamonitorpacketforyourclass.Thispacketcontainsalistofparticipantnamesandotherimportantinformation.ItmustbegiventotheYTAsupervisorattheendofthedayandshouldnotbetakenhome.Arriveat8:15a.m.onMondaysand8:30a.m.therestoftheweek.Duringthistime,youwillhelptheinstructorprepareforclass.Wearyournametagatalltimes.YouneedittoassureaccesstotheRipleyCentereverymorning.Handoutandcollectstudentevaluationsattheendofclassonthelastday.Mobilephoneusemustbelimitedtobreaktimesoremergencies.21.WhatdoweknowaboutSummerCamp?A.Itwilllastformorethantwomonths. B.Itisaimedatteenagersaged15andabove.C.Itofferscamperstwodaysoffeveryweek. D.ItsteachersarefromtheS.DillonRipleyCenter.22.What’sParagraph2mainlyabout?AThebenefitsofbeingaYTA. B.TheresponsibilitiesofbeingaYTA.C.ThesubjectsthatSummerCampcovers. D.TheintroductiontotheSmithsonianInstitution.23.Attheendofeachday,YTAsshouldhandin________.A.theirownnametags B.campersnametagC.importantinformation D.themonitorpacket24.AsYTAS,teenagers________.A.shouldarrive15minutesearlieronMondays B.shouldprepareforthenextday’sclassesC.can’tusemobilephones D.can’tgohomeatnight25.Whattypeofwritingisthistext?A.Adailyschedule. B.Aplanforacamp. C.Abrochure. D.Anadvertisement.【答案】21.C22.A23.D24.A25.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要说明了招聘夏令营的青年助教。文中提及了这份工作的具体细节，包括年龄限制、工作时间、夏令营的背景和工作职责等。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“SummerCampmeetsforafive-dayweek,MondaythroughFriday.(夏令营一周5天，从周一到周五)”可知，夏令营每周为露营者提供两天休息。故选C。【22题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“ServingasaYTAprovidesanoutstandingwayforteenstobeinvolvedwithanationalorganization.AssistingaprofessionalInstructor,YTAsareintroducedtotheworldofteaching.ThewiderangeofprogramsoffersYTAstheopportunitytoexperienceandlearnaboutsubjectssuchasart,science,ortheater.YTAsearncommunityservicecreditsandalsohaveaninterestingexperiencetoaddtoanapplicationforcollegeorafuturejob.(担任YTA为青少年参与全国性组织提供了一个很好的方式。在专业教师的协助下，YTAs被引入到教学的世界。广泛的课程为YTA们提供了体验和学习艺术、科学或戏剧等学科的机会。YTAs可以获得社区服务学分，还可以在申请大学或未来的工作时增加一段有趣的经历)”可知，第二段的主要内容是成为YTA的好处。故选A。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Youwillbegivenamonitorpacketforyourclass.Thispacketcontainsalistofparticipantnamesandotherimportantinformation.ItmustbegiventotheYTAsupervisorattheendofthedayandshouldnotbetakenhome.(你会收到一个监控包。此包包含参与者姓名和其他重要信息的列表。它必须在一天结束时交给YTA主管，不应该带回家)”可知，在每一天结束的时候，YTA们应该上交监控包。故选D。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“Arriveat8:15a.m.onMondaysand8:30a.m.therestoftheweek.(周一早上8点15分到，其他时间早上8点30分到)”可知，作为青年助教，应该在周一早到15分钟。故选A。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“WearecurrentlylookingforresponsibleteenagersandyoungadultstoassistwithSummerCamp.(我们目前正在寻找有责任心的青少年和年轻人来协助夏令营)”可知，文章是招聘青年助教的广告。故选D。BTworollerskaterswerecrouched(蹲伏)low,kneesbentandbodiespressedtogether,fightingtostaygluedtopreventathirdskaterslipthroughandbreaktheirwall.Thiswasarollerderby(轮滑阻拦赛)practicefortheTinyTerrors,ateamofskatersaged8-11intheGothamGirlsJuniorLeagueofNewYorkCity.“Theywanttofightandgetreallyfast,andtheyfindsomuchconfidence,”saidKristenCampbell,directorofthejuniorderbyprogram.Rollerderbyisplayedwithtwoteamsoffiveskatersonatrack.Oneplayeroneachteamservesasthejammerwhosejobistoracearoundthetrackandscorepointswithoutgettingblockedbytheotherteam.Thematchismadeupoftwo30-minuteperiodsthateachconsistsofshorterplaysorjams.Eachjamlaststwominutesoruntiltheleadjammercallsitoff,usuallyamovemadetostoptheotherjammerfromcatchingupandscoringpoints.Youhaveprobablyheardofadultsplayingrollerderby,butagrowingnumberofyoungpeopleareattractedbythefast-pacedsport.Campbellowestheincreaseininterestpartlytoapopularnovelcalled“RollerGirl”.Campbelldescribedthejuniorleagueasashelterforgirlswhoaren’tsurewheretheyfitinatschool.“Somanyparentstoldmetheirchildwashavingtroublewithanxietyorbullying(欺负)orthattheydidn’tfitintoanysportorartclub,”shesaid.“Andtheyfindrollerderbyandeverythingissolved.”Manyofthegirlssaidtheygotmuchmoreoutofthesport.Strength,confidenceandbodypositivityhavelongbeenvaluesofrollerderby,evenifit’ssubliminalratherthanopenanddirect.Ofcourse,likeanycontactsport,injuriesareunavoidable.“Theydon’tgoforbighits,”Campbellsaid.“Nowwefocusmoreonhipblockingandusinglateral(横向的)movementtoblockwithlightcontact.”Besides,thegirlsdon’tmindtheoccasionalbump.“It’ssortoflikeamedal,”Campbellsaid,smiling.26.Whatcanwelearnaboutrollerderby?A.Itisplayedwithfiveskatersonatrack. B.Itlastsanhourwithsomeshortplaysinagame.C.Itisthemostdangeroussportespeciallyforkids. D.Thejammer’sjobistostopothersgettingscores.27.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Girlsoftengetinjuredinrollerderbypractice.B.Rollerderbyisthemostcompetitivesportatschool.C.Rollerderbyhelpsgirlsfreefrombeingbulliedatschool.D.Anovelcontributestothepopularityofrollerderbyamonggirls.28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“subliminal”mean?A.closed B.obvious C.unique D.unrealized29.AccordingtoCampbell,therollerderbygirls________.A.dobetterthanadultplayers. B.weartheirwoundswithpride.C.fearnothingbutfiercebumps. D.won’tlearnfullcontactuntilthey’re12.30.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheTinyTerrorscallsformorebravegirlstojoin.B.HowrollerderbychangesthelifeofgirlsintheUS.C.Girlsbuildconfidenceinthetoughworldofrollerderby.D.Rollerderbybecomespopularamongkidsaroundtheworld.【答案】26.B27.D28.D29.B30.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了青少年轮滑阻拦赛在纽约的发展及其对参与者心理和身体的积极影响。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Thematchismadeupoftwo30-minuteperiodsthateachconsistsofshorterplaysorjams.(比赛由两个30分钟的时段组成，每个时段包含多个较短的比赛或阻拦回合。)”可知，比赛全程为1小时，且每个时段都有较短的比赛。故选B项。【27题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“Campbellowestheincreaseininterestpartlytoapopularnovelcalled“RollerGirl”.(坎贝尔把兴趣的增长部分归功于一本名为《轮滑女郎》的流行小说。)”可知，一本名为《轮滑女郎》的小说促进了女孩们对于轮滑的兴趣增长。故选D项。【28题详解】词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段中的“Strength,confidenceandbodypositivityhavelongbeenvaluesofrollerderby,evenifit’ssubliminalratherthanopenanddirect.(力量、自信和积极看待自己的身体一直是轮滑阻拦赛的核心价值观，即使这是subliminal，而非公开直接的。)”可知，这些价值观不是公开直接的，所以很多人还不能完全认识或看到它的价值。subliminal的含义为“未被察觉的”。A.closed封闭的；B.obvious.明显的；C.unique独特的；D.unrealized未被察觉的，未成为现实的。故选D项。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“Besides,thegirlsdon’tmindtheoccasionalbump.“It’ssortoflikeamedal,”Campbellsaid,smiling.(再说了，姑娘们不介意偶尔碰一下。“这有点像一枚奖牌，”坎贝尔笑着说。)”可知，在训练中受伤反而使女孩们感到一种荣誉和自豪。故选B项。【30题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段中的“Thiswasarollerderby(轮滑阻拦赛)practicefortheTinyTerrors,ateamofskatersaged8-11intheGothamGirlsJuniorLeagueofNewYorkCity.“Theywanttofightandgetreallyfast,andtheyfindsomuchconfidence,”saidKristenCampbell,directorofthejuniorderbyprogram.(这是纽约市哥谭女孩少年联盟中一支名为“小小恐怖分子”的轮滑阻拦赛队伍的训练场景，队伍由8至11岁的轮滑选手组成。“她们渴望对抗，想要变得非常快，并且从中找到了巨大的自信，”少年阻拦赛项目总监克里斯滕·坎贝尔说道。)”可知，文章主要讲述了青少年轮滑阻拦赛在纽约的发展及其对参与者心理和身体的积极影响，使得她们越来越自信。选项C“Girlsbuildconfidenceinthetoughworldofrollerderby.(女孩们在激烈的轮滑阻拦赛世界中建立自信。)”符合题意。故选C项。CTransporthasalottoanswerforwhenitcomestoharmingtheplanet.Whilecarsandtrainsaremovingtowardsgreener,electricpower,emissionsfromairtravelareexpectedtoincreasemassivelyby2050.Ifwewantbiggreenskysolutions,weneedblueskythinking.Fortunately,there’splentyofthathappeningrightnow,particularlytheshort-haulflightspoweredbybatteries.HarbourAiristhelargestseaplaneairlineinNorthAmerica,flying30,000commercialflightsin40seaplaneseachyear.Significantly,allHarbourAirrouteslastlessthan30minutes,makingitperfectlyfitforelectricengines.“Asanairline,we’recurrentlyintheprocessofturningallourplanesintoelectricairplanes.”saysCEOGregMcDougall.Tomakethishappen,theairlinehaspartneredupwithMagniXtocreatetheworld’sfirstcommercialflightwithanelectricengine.Makingtheskieselectricisn’tjustgoodfortheenvironment,italsomakessoundfinancialsense:asmallaircraftuses$400onconventionalfuelfora100-mileflight,whileanelectriconecosts$8-12forthesamedistance,andthat’sbeforeyoufactorinthehighermaintenancecostsofatraditionalengine.There’salsotheaddedbonusthatelectricplanesarejustmuchmorepleasanttoflyin.Noloudenginenoise,nosmelloffuel,justenvironmentallyfriendlypeaceandquiet.Whiletherehasbeenrealprogressinthee-planeindustry,thetechnicalchallengesthatremainarekeepingeveryone’sfeetfirmlyontheground.Abattery,evenalithiumone,onlyprovides250watt-hoursperkilogram;comparethistoliquidfuel,whichhasaspecificenergyof11,890watt-hoursperkilogram.Carryingadequatebatteries,however,wouldmaketheplanetooheavytogetofftheground.Inaircraft,whereeverybitofweightcounts,thiscan’tjustbeignored.It’scertainlyanexcitingtimeforelectricflyingthough.WithcompanieslikeHarbourAirtakingthelead,battery-poweredplanes,especiallyonshort-hauljourneys,aresettobecomearealityinthenextfewyears.31.AccordingtoPara.1,whatishappeninginairtransport?A.Newexplorationsoftheskyarebeinglaunched.B.Pollutioncausedbybatteriesisbeingcontrolled.C.Effortsarebeingmadetomakeairtravelgreener.D.Demandforshort-haulflightsisincreasingmassively.32.WhyisHarbourAirfitforelectricflights?A.Itrunsshortroute. B.Ithasastrongpartner.C.Itsplanescanlandonthesea. D.Ithasplaneswithpowerfulengines.33.Theexpression“addedbonus”inPara3referstothefactthatelectricplanes________.A.givepassengersmorepleasantviews B.bringairlinesmorefinancialbenefitsC.offermoreenjoyableflyingexperiences D.costlessinmaintenancethantraditionalones34.Whatmightbethebiggestchallengeofelectricflying?A.Toimprovethegroundservicefore-planes.B.Tofindqualifiedtechniciansfore-planeindustry.C.Tocalculatetheenergyneededtopowere-planes.D.Tobalancepowerandweightofbatteriesine-planes.35.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardstheprospectofelectricflying?A.Short-sighted. B.Positive. C.Wait-and-see. D.Doubtful.【答案】31.C32.A33.C34.D35.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了电池驱动飞机的优点，也表达了作者对于未来电池驱动飞机的向往。【31题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Ifwewantbiggreenskysolutions,weneedblueskythinking.Fortunately,there’splentyofthathappeningrightnow,particularlytheshort-haulflightspoweredbybatteries.(如果我们想要大的绿色天空解决方案，我们需要蓝天思维。幸运的是，现在有很多这样的事情正在发生，特别是由电池供电的短途航班)”可知，人们正在努力使得航空飞行更加环保。故选C。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Significantly,allHarbourAirrouteslastlessthan30minutes,makingitperfectlyfitforelectricengines.(值得注意的是，所有海港航空公司的航线持续时间都不到30分钟，这使得它非常适合电动发动机)”可知，海港航空公司适合电动航班，因为它的航线很短。故选A。【33题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“Noloudenginenoise,nosmelloffuel,justenvironmentallyfriendlypeaceandquiet.(没有巨大的引擎噪音，没有燃油的味道，只是环保的和平和安静)”可知，乘坐电动飞机没有巨大的引擎噪音，没有燃油的味道，只是环保的和平和安静，即提供更愉快的飞行体验。故“额外奖励”一词指的是电动飞机提供更愉快的飞行体验。故选C。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Abattery,evenalithiumone,onlyprovides250watt-hoursperkilogram;comparethistoliquidfuel,whichhasaspecificenergyof11,890watt-hoursperkilogram.Carryingadequatebatteries,however,wouldmaketheplanetooheavytogetofftheground.Inaircraft,whereeverybitofweightcounts,thiscan’tjustbeignored.(一块电池，即使是锂电池，也只能提供每公斤250瓦时的电量；相比之下，液体燃料的比能量为每千克11890瓦时。然而，携带足够的电池会使飞机太重而无法起飞。在飞机上，每一点重量都很重要，这一点不能被忽视)”可知，电动飞行最大的挑战是平衡电动飞机电池的功率和重量。故选D。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“WithcompanieslikeHarbourAirtakingthelead,battery-poweredplanes,especiallyonshort-hauljourneys,aresettobecomearealityinthenextfewyears.(随着海港航空等公司的引领，电池驱动的飞机，尤其是短途旅行的飞机，将在未来几年内成为现实)”可推知，作者对于电池驱动飞机持乐观态度。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Chinahasbeenthebirthplaceofmanyoftheworld’sgreatestinventions.Itwas,forexample,thefirstcountrytoproducepapermoney.Beforetheinventionofpapermoneyandcoins,peopleusedmanydifferentkindsofthingsforbuyingandselling.____36____Thisexchangeofgoodsandservicesforothergoodsandservicesiscalledbartering.____37____In1200BC,peopleinChinabegantouseshells(贝壳)asmoney.Usuallytheshellsusedasmoneywereverysmall.Thismadeiteasierforpeopletocarrymoneyoverlongdistances,andallowedfortradetodevelopbetweendifferentpartsofthecountry.Intheyearswhichfollowedthisinvention,manyothercountriesaroundtheworldbegantodothesame.____38____Thenextdevelopmentwasin1000BC,whenChinastartedmakingbronzeandcoppershells.Itwasn’tlongbeforetheChinesemaderoundcoinsoutofmetal.____39____By500BC,metalcoinshadbeguntoappearincountrieslikePersiaandGreece,andlaterintheRomanEmpire.About1,000yearslater,leatherwasusedasmoneyinChina,andin806AD,thefirstpaperbanknoteswereproducedbytheChinesepeople.____40____A.Peoplealsobegancollectingforeigncoinsassouvenirs.B.Duringthattime,forexample,buyingachickenmightcostseveralpotatoes.C.Itwasstillmanyyearsbeforepapercurrency(货币)appearedinEurope.D.However,aseconomiesdeveloped,suchexchangesbecameimpractical.E.Theyalsousedtinyshellsasmoneyforbuyingandselling.F.Astimewentby,tradebetweencountriesincreased.G.Thefirstcoinsoftenhadholesinthemsothatpeoplecouldstringthemtogether.【答案】36.B37.D38.E39.G40.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国作为许多伟大发明的发源地，特别是在货币发展方面的历史进程，从物物交换到使用贝壳、金属硬币，再到纸币的发明，通过列举历史事实和时间线，向读者普及了货币发展的相关知识。36题详解】根据空前“Beforetheinventionofpapermoneyandcoins,peopleusedmanydifferentkindsofthingsforbuyingandselling.(在纸币和硬币发明之前，人们使用许多不同的东西进行买卖)”以及空后“Thisexchangeofgoodsandservicesforothergoodsandservicesiscalledbartering.(这种商品和服务交换为其他商品和服务的行为被称为物物交换)”可知，空处描述的是物物交换的实例。选项B“Duringthattime,forexample,buyingachickenmightcostseveralpotatoes.(在那段时间，例如，买一只鸡可能需要几个土豆)”符合题意，说明在纸币和硬币发明之前，人们使用其他物品如土豆进行买卖。故选B。【37题详解】根据下文“In1200BC,peopleinChinabegantouseshells(贝壳)asmoney.(公元前1200年，中国人开始用贝壳作为货币)”可知，情况发生了变化。选项D“However,aseconomiesdeveloped,suchexchangesbecameimpractical.(然而，随着经济的发展，这样的交换变得不切实际)”与上文形成转折，自然引出下文内容。故选D。【38题详解】根据空前内容“Intheyearswhichfollowedthisinvention,manyothercountriesaroundtheworldbegantodothesame.(在这项发明之后的几年里，世界上许多其他国家也开始这样做)”可知，有许多国家都开始用贝壳交易。选项E“Theyalsousedtinyshellsasmoneyforbuyingandselling.(他们还用小贝壳作为货币来进行买卖)”延续上文内容，指出许多国家都开始用小贝壳作为货币来进行买卖。故选E。【39题详解】根据空前内容“Thenextdevelopmentwasin1000BC,whenChinastartedmakingbronzeandcoppershells.Itwasn’tlongbeforetheChinesemaderoundcoinsoutofmetal.(下一个发展是在公元前1000年，当时中国开始制作青铜和铜制的贝壳。不久之后，中国人就用金属制成了圆形的钱币)”可知，上文提到中国开始青铜和铜制的贝壳，并且开始用金属制成圆形钱币。选项G“Thefirstcoinsoftenhadholesinthemsothatpeoplecouldstringthemtogether.(最早的硬币上通常有洞，这样人们就可以把它们串在一起)”延续上文内容，进一步描述了钱币。故选G。【40题详解】根据上文内容“About1,000yearslater,leatherwasusedasmoneyinChina,andin806AD,thefirstpaperbanknoteswereproducedbytheChinesepeople.(大约1000年后，中国开始使用皮革作为货币，在公元806年，中国人生产了第一张纸币)”可知，中国在公元806年生产了第一张纸币。选项C“Itwasstillmanyyearsbeforepapercurrency(货币)appearedinEurope.(很多年后欧洲才出现纸币)”延续上文内容，指出欧洲过了很久才出现纸币。故选C。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完型填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。StudentsinWesternPennsylvaniahadasnowdayonMonday.However,insteadof____41____homeormeetingforanindoorworkout,theseteensonahighschoolfootballteamwere____42____bytheircoachtogetoutsideandhelptheir____43____.BrianDeLallo,ateacherwhodoublesastheheadfootballcoachatBethelParkHighSchoolnearPittsburgh,tooktoTwitterto____44____thatMonday’sweightliftingsessioninthegymwascancelled,____45____hehadameaningfulassignmentfortheyoungmen.“Duetotheexpected____46____weather,Monday’sweightliftingworkoutcouldn’tcontinue.Findanelderlyordisabledneighborand____47____theirdriveway...that’sourMondayworkout.”Healsotoldtheboysnottoacceptany____48____.Bymid-morning27oftheathleteswere____49____photostothecoach,withsomesayingtheywereontheir6thdriveway.Oneofthestudentseven____50____thathiselderlyneighborswerenotacceptingtheirnon-paymentrequirement,____51____adonation.“There’snobetter____52____thanclearingdriveways,”saidBraedonDelDuca,ajuniorontheteam,whowentfromhousetohouseofferingtheir____53____withteammateColtonPfeuffer.“It’sjust____54____gettingouthere,helpingoutthe____55____,justhelpingoutothersthatneedhelp,”Pfeuffersaid.“We’dlovetodoitforeverybodythatwecan,”DelDucaagreed.41.A.biking B.leaving C.going D.staying42.A.instructed B.begged C.allowed D.persuaded43.A.parents B.neighbors C.teachers D.friends44.A.spread B.warn C.announce D.suggest45.A.so B.but C.because D.when46.A.mild B.fair C.amazing D.severe47.A.repair B.clear C.follow D.mark48.A.money B.honor C.praise D.favor49.A.sending B.taking C.delivering D.collecting50.A.demanded B.advised C.reported D.complained51.A.turningdown B.talkingabout C.applyingfor D.insistingon52.A.education B.workout C.game D.change53.A.services B.goods C.ideas D.hopes54.A.cold B.wrong C.nice D.difficult55.A.gym B.team C.school D.community【答案】41D42.A43.B44.C45.B46.D47.B48.A49.A50.C51.D52.B53.A54.C55.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了宾夕法尼亚州的一支高中橄榄球队在雪天被教练引导去帮助社区老人和残疾邻居清理车道的故事。【41题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，这些高中橄榄球队的青少年并没有呆在家里或在室内锻炼，而是在教练的指导下走到外面帮助邻居。A.

biking骑自行车；B.

leaving离开；C.

going去；D.

staying呆在。根据下文“indoors

workout”指的是呆在室内进行的活动，故选D。【42题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.

instructed指示；B.

begged恳求；C.

allowed允许；D.

persuaded劝说。根据下文“to

get

outside

and

help”可知，这里表达的是教练的指示，故选A。【43题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.

parents