2024-2025学年高中英语课时分层作业12Unit4Breakingboundaries含解析外研版选择性必修第二册

PAGE6-课时分层作业(十二)Ⅰ.阅读理解AAsglobalizationcontinuestomaketheworldasmallerplace,andgoodsbecomemoreaccessibleacrossborders，concernsaboutfoodsafetyintheAsia­Pacificregionhavesteadilyrisenovertheyears.AnAPECforumisbeingheldinBeijing，tofindwaystobetteraddresstheproblem.156participantsfrom19APECeconomiesand4non­APECmembersattendedtheAPECFoodSafetyCooperationForum，whichhasbeenactivelylookingforwaystostrengthenfoodsafetystandardintheregion，withoutaffectingtrade.“Asconsumersarefacedwithmorevarietiesoffood，thepotentialfoodsafetyriskalsobecomesbigger.ThisforumhashelpedAPECeconomiestocooperateinsupervision(监督)，exchangeinformation，andimprovetheoverallfoodsafetystandardintheAsia­Pacificregion，”saiddirectorofChina'sGeneralAdministrationofQualitySupervisionWuQinghai.Forthefirsttimetheforumhasbroughttogetherhigh­levelregulators，academics，andindustrystakeholderstotalkabouttheirrespectiverolesinsafetysupervision.Theysaygovernmentsalonecannotshoulderthisheavyduty.InChina，thecontinuousfoodsafetyproblemshavegreatlyhurtconsumers'confidenceindomesticproducts；thereforemoreturnedtoimports.However，problemsrelatedtoqualityofthoseimportedgoodsalsobegantoshow.InJulythisyear，morethan400batches(批)offoodimportedfrom35countriesandregionswerefoundsubstandardbythecountry'stopqualitysupervisor.Governmentsandindustrieshavebeenbroughtcloserbythisforum.Asfoodmovesmorefreelybeyondborders，thisforumishopedtopromotesafetycontrolcooperation，soAPECmemberscanbetterbenefitfromtheeconomicintegration(经济一体化)．【语篇解读】通过APEC论坛，各国之间将更加亲密地合作，食品平安问题将得到更有效的监管和处理，各成员国都会从中受益。1．Whatkindoffunctioncantheforumplay?A．Ithasgreatlyinfluencedtheeconomyinthearea.B．Ithaslongbeenabletoputeveryside'seffortstogether.C．Ithelpstobringgovernmentregulatorsandindustriestogether.D．Ithasfoundwaystodealwithsafetyproblems.C[细微环节理解题。依据第四段中的“theforumhasbroughttogetherhigh­levelregulators，academics，andindustrystakeholderstotalkabouttheirrespectiverolesinsafetysupervision”可知，应选C项。]2．Thelastbutoneparagraphtellsusthat________．A．theChinesecustomersaremoresatisfiedwiththeirfoodsafetyB．foodimportedfromothercountriesisindeedhighinqualityC．manyChinesecustomerswouldratherbuysomeforeignfoodD．thereareonly35countriesandregionsexportingfoodtoChinaC[细微环节理解题。依据第五段中的“thecontinuousfoodsafetyproblemshavegreatlyhurtconsumers'confidenceindomesticproducts；thereforemoreturnedtoimports.However，problemsrelatedtoqualityofthoseimportedgoodsalsobegantoshow”可知，连续的国内食品平安问题损害了消费者的信念，他们更加情愿买进口产品，但是进口食品的质量问题也起先显现，即C项正确。]3．Theunderlinedword“address”inthefirstparagraphcanbereplacedby“________”．A．sendaletteraboutB．dealwithC．deliveraspeechonD．calloffB[词义揣测题。依据全文大意可知，各国通过APEC论坛加强合作，主动寻求更好的方法来解决食品平安问题。由此可推知，B项“处理，解决”与address含义相近，故选B项。]4．Accordingtothearticle，whichofthefollowingstatementsisWRONG?A．Peoplecanbuyforeignfoodmoreeasilythanever.B．Themorevarietiesoffood，thebiggerthepotentialfoodsafetyrisk.C．Foodsafetyproblemshaveappearedmanytimesbeforethisforum.D．Governmentshavestartedtheircooperationwithacademiesandindustriesbeforethisforum.D[细微环节理解题。依据第一段中的“andgoodsbecomemoreaccessibleacrossborders，concernsaboutfoodsafetyintheAsia­Pacificregionhavesteadilyrisenovertheyears”可知，A、C项表述正确；依据第三段中的“Asconsumersarefacedwithmorevarietiesoffood，thepotentialfoodsafetyriskalsobecomesbigger.”可知，B项表述正确，D项与第四段的第一句不符，故选D项。]BWalkthroughtheAmazonrainforesttodayandyouwillfinditsteamy,warm,dampandthick.Butifyouhadbeentherearound15，000yearsago,duringthelasticeage,wouldithavebeenthesame?Formorethan30years,scientistshavebeenarguingabouthowrainforestsmighthavereactedtothecold,dryclimateoftheiceages,buttillnow,noonehasreachedasatisfyinganswer.RainforestsliketheAmazonareimportantformoppingupCO2fromtheatmosphereandhelpingtosolveglobalwarming.CurrentlythetreesintheAmazontakeinaround500milliontonsofCO2eachyear:equaltothetotalamountofCO2givenoffintheUKeachyear.ButhowwilltheAmazonreacttothefutureclimatechange?Ifitgetsdrier,willitsurviveandcontinuetodrawdownCO2?Scientistshopethattheywillbeabletolearninadvancehowtherainforestwillmanageinthefuturebyunderstandinghowrainforestsreactedtoclimatechangeinthepast.Unfortunately,collectinginformationisincrediblydifficult.Tostudythepastclimate,scientistsneedtolookatfossilizedpollen(花粉)keptinlakemud.Goingbacktothelasticeagemeansdrillingdownintolakesediments(沉淀物),whichrequiresspecializedequipmentandheavymachinery.Thereareveryfewroadsandpaths,orplacestolandhelicoptersandaeroplanes.Riverstendtobetheeasiestwaytoentertheforest,butthisstillleavesvastareasbetweentheriverscompletelyunsampled(未取样)．Sofar,onlyahandfulofcoreshavebeendrilledthatgobacktothelasticeageandnoneofthemprovideenoughinformationtoprovehowtheAmazonforestreactstoclimatechange.【语篇解读】文章主要介绍了科学家是如何在亚马逊热带雨林工作的，以揭开亚马逊热带雨林的神奇之处。5．Howdoscientistsstudythepastclimatechange?A．Bypredictingtheclimatechangeinthefuture.B．Bydrillingdowndeepintolandsediments.C．BytakingsamplesfromriversintheAmazon.D．Byanalyzingfossilizedpolleninlakemud.D[细微环节理解题。依据第三段“Tostudythepastclimate,scientistsneedtolookatfossilizedpollenkeptinlakemud.”探讨过去气候科学家须要看保存在湖泥中的花粉化石。故选D。]6．Whatisneededfordrillingdownintolakesediments?A．Thelatesthelicopter.B．Thespecialequipment.C．Thelightmachinery.D．Thenarrowpath.B[细微环节理解题。依据第三段“Goingbacktothelasticeagemeansdrillingdownintolakesediments,whichrequiresspecializedequipmentandheavymachinery.”回到上一个冰河时代意味着下钻到湖泊沉淀物，这须要特地的设备和重型机械。故选B。]7．Whatisthepurposeofwritingthepassage?A．Toattractmorepeople'sattentiontoCO2.B．Tocallonpeopletoprotectrainforests.C．Toinformpeopleofhowscientistsworkonrainforests.D．Towarnpeopletostayawayfromthedangerofrainforests.C[推理推断题。这是一篇科普文章，通常写作目的是供应信息。A选项是吸引更多人对二氧化碳的留意，和文章无关；B选项是号召人们爱护雨林，此文不是强调爱护雨林；D选项是警告人们远离雨林的危急，文章没有讲到雨林的危急。故选C。]8．Thebesttitleforthetextmaybe________．A．MysteryoftheRainforestB．ClimatesoftheAmazonC．TheHistoryoftheRainforestD．ChangesoftheRainforestA[标题归纳题。依据第一段“Butifyouhadbeentherearound15，000yearsago,duringthelasticeage,wouldithavebeenthesame?Formorethan30years,scientistshavebeenarguingabouthowrainforestsmighthavereactedtothecold,dryclimateoftheiceages,buttillnow,noonehasreachedasatisfyinganswer.”人们对于雨林怎样应对改变的天气始终没有满足的答案，二、三段讲解并描述的是科学家采纳不同的方法去检测，而且没有结果，所以标题为雨林的神奇是最恰当的。B、C、D选项都仅仅是文章提到的部分信息。故选A。]Ⅱ.概要写作阅读下面短文，依据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Humankindhastriedtoimproveitsstandardoflivingsincetheverybeginningofcivilization.Backthen,aswellastoday,providingfoodandsecuritywasthebasictaskforaperson.However,nowadaystherangeofrequiredgoodshasexpandedgreatly.Peoplefeeltheneedfornotonlysomeprimarythings,suchasapieceofbreadandaroofovertheirheads,butalsoforvariousfacilitiesandluxuries(奢侈品)．Providinghumanitywiththesethingsisconnectedtotheuseofnaturalresources,whichrequiresenergy.Theproblemisthatthecommonsourcesofenergyweusetodaycausepollution,soeconomicgrowthisalmostunavoidablyassociatedwithenvironmentaldamage.Therearecertainaspectsofeconomicgrowthwhichaffecttheenvironment.Oneoftheseisthefactthatinordertoproducemoregoodsandproducts,theconstructionoflargeindustrialplantsisrequired.Theseplantsproducealotofwaste,leadingtothepollutionofwaterandtheatmosphere,whichmaycausenegativelongtermhealtheffectstonearbypopulationsofanimals,orpeople.Industrialmanufacturingleadstotheconstantlyincreasingenergyconsumption.Thetraditionalenergysources,whicharecommonlyusednowadays,areconsideredtobethegreatestpolluterstotheenvironment.Therealsoexistso­calledeco­friendlysourcesofenergy.Theyaresometimespreferredbutreplacingthetraditionalsourceswiththemalsorequirestime,duringwhichpeoplehavetomakesomesacrifices(牺牲)tosupporttheseundertakings.What'smore,toproduceeconomicallypracticalenergy,peopleunavoidablyhavetotransformthenaturalsite.Thisisexpensiveand,hasharmfuleffectsontheenvironment.Forexample,applicationofwindenergywouldblockairflows'naturalspeed,whichisthereasonfortheirdecreaseinstrengthaftercrossingthewindmill.Consequently,thepressurebalancethatisbroughtaboutbythiscurrentwillbeaffected,anditisimportanttorememberthattheenvironmentandweatherconditionsaredirectlyaffectedbyatmosphericpressure.Forthesereasons,bringingabouteconomicgrowthwithoutanyresultingenvironmentaldamage,whatsoever,