翻译二级笔译综合能力模拟2

翻译二级笔译综合能力模拟2ⅠVocabularyandGrammarThissectionconsistsof3parts.Readthedirectionsforeachpar（江南博哥）tbeforeansweringthequestions.Thetimeforthissectionis25minutes.Part1VocabularySelectionInthispart,thereare20incompletesentences.Beloweachsentence,thereare4choicesrespectivelymarkedbylettersA,B,CandD.Choosethewordorphrasewhichbestcompleteseachsentence.ThereisonlyONErightanswer.BlackenthecorrespondingletterasrequiredonyourMachine-scoringANSWERSHEET.1.

Duetothefactthatuniversitiescannotenrollallthecandidates,______touniversityiscompetitive.A.admissionB.affidavitC.admirationD.allegiance正确答案：A[解析]形近识别

A．admission允许进入；B．affidavit宣誓书，书面陈述；C．admiration钦佩，赞美；D．allegiance忠贞，效忠；admissiontouniversity准许入大学，因此A为答案。

2.

TheWorldCuphasbeenthe______ofthismonth'sevents;alargenumberofsoccerfansaroundtheworldfocustheirattentiononthelittle"ball".A.twilightB.realmsC.highlightsD.headlines正确答案：C[解析]名词辨析

A．twilight黎明，黄昏；B．realms领域；C．highlights精彩场面，最显著(重要)部分；D．headlines大字标题；因此C为答案。

3.

They______tohearthattheirfootballteamwonagreatvictoryovertheopponentteam.A.relievedB.releasedC.rejoicedD.rescued正确答案：C[解析]形近识别

A．relieved减轻，解除，援救，救济，换班；B．released释放，解放，放弃，免除，发表；C．rejoiced(使)欣喜，喜悦；D．rescued援救，营救；因此C为答案。

4.

Eachindividualexpresseshisopinioninthegroupbywherehestandswhenalotofpeople______togetherinachat.A.squeezeB.stickC.padD.cluster正确答案：D[解析]近义词辨析

A．squeeze压榨，挤；B．stick粘住，粘贴；C．pad加上衬垫，填塞，铺张(文章等)；D．cluster使集成一串，群集于；因此D为答案。

5.

Whenshecalledmeathief,Idecidedtosueherfor______.A.ridiculeB.scandalC.slanderD.encumber正确答案：C[解析]名词辨析

A．ridicule嘲笑，奚落；B．scandal丑行，丑闻，诽谤，耻辱，流言蜚语；C．slander诽谤；D．encumber阻碍；其中scandal表示“诽谤”时，主要指谈论著名或重要的人物做过的(人们认为)不诚实或不道德之事；而slander指：为了损毁某人名声而作的陈述或做类似事情所犯的罪；因此C为答案。

6.

GeorgeW.BushsaidSaddamHusseinis______andmustbedisarmedimmediately.A.pugnaciousB.proverbialC.magnanimousD.malleable正确答案：A[解析]形容词辨析

A．pugnacious好斗的；B．proverbial谚语的，众所周知的；C．magnanimous宽宏大量的，有雅量的；D．malleable有延展性的，可锻的；因此A为答案。

7.

Theytellthepeopleintheircommunitynottostoreapplesintherefrigeratorbecausefreshfruitlikeapplesis______.A.perishableB.vanishingC.exquisiteD.fickle正确答案：A[解析]形容词辨析

A．perishable容易腐烂的；B．vanishing消失的，等于零的；C．exquisite优美的，高雅的，精致的，敏锐的，剧烈的；D．fickle(在感情等方面)变幻无常的，浮躁的；因此A为答案。

8.

Thespokesmansaidhebelievedtheattackwasin______forthedeathofthebombing.A.requitalB.rhetoricC.retrospectD.retaliation正确答案：D[解析]形近识别

A．requital偿还；B．rhetoric花言巧语的；C．retrospect回顾；D．retaliation报复，报仇；因此D为答案。

9.

ThePresidentiscertaintoknowtheresultofthisvoteasa(n)______forfurthereconomicdecision-making.A.mandateB.aviationC.pretextD.rampage正确答案：A[解析]名词辨析

A．mandate命令，训令，要求，授权，委任；B．aviation飞行，航空；C．pretext借口，托辞；D．rampage乱闹，暴跳；此句意为：总统肯定知道此次投票结果是授权制定下一步经济政策；因此A为答案。

10.

Thevillagerswere______bythenewsofthecriminal'sreleasefromtheprison.A.indignantB.puzzledC.overjoyedD.elusive正确答案：A[解析]形容词辨析

A．indignant愤怒的，愤慨的；B．puzzled迷惑的，为难的；C．overjoyed狂喜的，极端高兴的；D．elusive难懂的，难捉摸的，易忘的；此句意为：村民们因为那个罪犯从监狱中释放而感到异常愤怒。因此A为答案。

11.

Ifitgoesonto______itsresponsibilities,thentheBritishgovernmentmustactimmediatelyinitsplace.A.disciplineB.abdicateC.bashD.challenge正确答案：B[解析]动词辨析

A．discipline训练；B．abdicate退位，放弃(职位，权力等)；C．bash猛击，打坏；D．chailenge向…．—挑战；此句意为：如果它继续这样放弃自己的权力(不承担责任)，那么英国政府就必须立即接手。因此B为答案。

12.

Thesentryguarddivedintohis______andcloselyobservedthestrangertowardshim.A.fortressB.exodusC.foxholeD.eviction正确答案：C[解析]名词辨析

A．fortress堡垒，要塞；B．exodus大批的离去；C．foxhole[军]散兵坑；D．eviction逐出，赶出；因此C为答案。

13.

Anoverwhelmingrichnessofvegetationmayhavecausedthelevelofoxygen,toriseabovetoday's______,withacorrespondingdepletionofcarbondioxide.A.concentrationB.saturationC.satiationD.plenitude正确答案：A[解析]名词辨析

A．concentration集中，浓缩，浓度；B．saturation饱和，饱和度；C．satiation饱食，饱满，厌腻；D．plenitude充分；因此A为答案。

14.

Thepsychologytherapist'sjobistohelppeople"re-author"storiesthataren'tdoingthem______.A.justB.justiceC.justiceshipsD.justification正确答案：B[解析]形近识别

A．just正义的，公正的，仅仅；B．justice正义，公平；C．justiceships法官的地位，职权或任期；D．justification认为有理，认为正当；此句意为：心理学家的工作是帮助人们“重新创作”那些对他们不公的经历。因要填个名词，因此B为答案。

15.

Thedreamquicklygavewaytoacoldnumber:thehousetheywanted______$52,000morethantheirbudget.A.costB.tookC.spentD.required正确答案：A[解析]近义词辨析

A．cost花费(侧重表示所花费的代价；主语通常为物或工作等，指值多少钱，或指该物或工作花费某人多少金钱、时间、劳力等)；B．took拿，拿走，花费，占据(主语通常为一件事，指那件事花去某人多少时间等；强调占用的时间、空间、精力等)；C．spent花费(指为某事或达到某种目的花费的时间、精力、财力等，其行为主体只能是人)；D．required要求，需要；因此A为答案。

16.

Moreandmorepeoplethesedaysareclamoringforfull-bodyplasticsurgerypopularityintheworld.A.toattainB.tosustainC.gainingD.obtaining正确答案：C[解析]形近识别

A．toattain达到，获得；B．tosustain支撑，维持，持续；C．gaining得到，增进，赚到，增加；D．obtaining获得，得到；此句意为：如今世上有越来越多的人叫嚷着要做全身整形来提高自己的知名度。因此C为答案。

17.

Ifyouorderedthroughanagent,pleasecheckwiththeagentto______thatyourorderwasreceivedandprocessed.A.insaneB.insultC.ensueD.ensure正确答案：D[解析]形近识别

A．insane疯狂的，非常愚蠢的，毫无见识的；B．insult侮辱，凌辱；C．ensue跟着发生，继起；D．ensure确保，保证；因此D为答案。

18.

Asia'sfirstdemocracy—acountrythathasafreelyelectedgovernment—was______whichbecameself-governingin1935.A.PhilippineB.PhilippinesC.thePhilippinesD.thePhilippineIsland正确答案：C[解析]结构识别

A．Philippine菲律宾的，菲律宾人的；C．thePhilippines菲律宾，菲律宾群岛；D．thePhilippineIsland(前面不加定冠词可表示“菲律宾群岛”)，在此指的是“国家”，因此C为答案。

19.

Thegoaloftheblogsinthiscasehasbeentoconfirm______thatthereportwasfake,andthensqueezethetruthoutofthefacts.A.doubtsB.suspectsC.suspicionsD.uncertainty正确答案：C[解析]近义词辨析

A．doubtsn．/v．怀疑，疑惑，疑问；B．suspectsv．；n．疑犯；C．suspicionsn．猜疑，怀疑；D．uncertaintyn．无常，不确定，半信半疑；suspect作动词讲时，表示：怀疑某人有错或有罪；怀疑某事是否存在或怀疑其真实性，其后除用名词、代词外，还用不定式复合结构、从句等。doubt表示：因不信任而产生的怀疑，尤指在意见或信念上不肯定、未决定或缺乏确信，在否定句和疑问句中常用that引出从句，在肯定句中用whether或if引出从句，本句需填个名词，因此C为答案。

20.

Thebeachremainsclosedasexpertswaitfortheresultsofwatertestsafterhighofe-coliandotherbacteriawerefound.A.levelsB.numbersC.amountsD.accounts正确答案：A[解析]固定搭配

A．levels水平(面)，水准，标准，级别；B．numbers数字，数量，号码，算术；C．amounts数量；D．accounts计算，帐目，说明，估计，理由；此句意为：由于发现大肠(杆)菌及其余细菌的含量高，专家们仍在等待(检查)水样的结果，所以海滩还没开放。high一般与level搭配，因此A为答案。

Part2VocabularyReplacementThispartconsistsof15sentence;ineachsentenceonewordorphraseisunderlined.Beloweachsentence,thereare4choicesrespectivelymarkedbylettersA,B,CandD.Choosethewordorphrasethatcanreplacetheunderlinedpartwithoutcausinganygrammaticalerrororchangingthebasicmeaningofthesentence.ThereisonlyONErightanswer.BlackenthecorrespondingletterasrequiredonyourMachine-scoringANSWERSHEET.1.

Onceaproposalgoesintoitsplace,it'snotlikelytoreverseit.A.enhanceB.implementC.overthrowD.provoke正确答案：C[解析]动词辨析

reverse表：颠倒，使变得相反，彻底改变；A．enhance提高，增强；B．implement贯彻，实现，执行；C．overthrow打倒，推翻，颠覆；D．provoke激怒，挑拨，驱使；因此C为答案。

2.

Theremusthavebeensomeonewhohasinstigatedarebellionbecausethepeoplearesowellorganized.A.incitedB.tamperedC.intrudedD.meddled正确答案：A[解析]动词辨析

instigated表：鼓动；A．incited激动，煽动；B．tampered干预，玩弄，贿赂，损害，削弱，篡改；C．intruded；闯入，侵入，把(自己的思想)强加于人；D．meddled管闲事；因此A为答案。

3.

Leonardowasfined$150bythemagistrateandgivenastrongwarning.A.policemanB.supervisorC.judgeD.lawyer正确答案：C[解析]名词辨析

magistrate表：文职官员，地方法官；A．policeman警察；B．supervisor监督人，管理人，检察员；C．judge法官，审判员，鉴定人；Ｄ．lawyer律师；因此C为答案。

4.

Itisdifficulttorefutehisargumentinourroutinedebate.A.analyzeB.ponderC.disapproveD.ignore正确答案：C[解析]动词辨析

refute表：驳倒，反驳；A．analyze分析，分解；B．ponder沉思，考虑；C．disapprove不赞成；D．ignore不理睬，忽视；因此C为答案。

5.

Theyoungmandangledinmidair,heldbyonefrailrope.A.fragileB.strongC.thickD.straw正确答案：A[解析]形容词辨析

frail表：虚弱的，脆弱的；A．fragile易碎的，脆的；B．strong强壮的，坚固的；C．thick厚的，粗的，浓的；D．straw麦秸的，稻草的；因此A为答案。

6.

NowIdon'twanttointrudebecauseJohn'shouseisfullofvisitors.A.interceptB.interlopeC.inferD.incur正确答案：B[解析]形近识别

intrude表：闯入，侵入；A．intercept中途阻止，截取；B．interlope(为图私利)干涉他人之事，闯入；C．infer推断；D．incur招致；因此B为答案。

7.

Avaliantguerrillasoldierwaskilledyesterday.A.slenderB.haughtyC.braveD.insane正确答案：C[解析]形容词辨析

valiant表：勇敢的，英勇的；A．slender苗条的，微薄的，微弱的；B．haughty傲慢的；C．brave勇敢的；D．insane极愚蠢的；因此C为答案。

8.

Theforemanreadthearbitrationofguiltfourteentimes,oneforeachdefendant.A.verdictB.predictC.verificationD.punishment正确答案：A[解析]名词辨析

arbitration表：仲裁，公断；A．verdict裁决，判断，定论；B．predict预知，预言，预报；C．verification确认，查证，作证；D．punishment惩罚，处罚，惩处；因此A为答案。

9.

Theearlystowawayssworetheirallegiancetothenationandreceivedtheirnaturalizationpapers.A.epithetB.monitionC.immensityD.loyalty正确答案：D[解析]名词辨析

allegiance表：忠贞，效忠；A．epithet绰号，称号；B．monition忠告，警告，传票；C．immensity广大，无限，浩瀚；D．loyalty忠诚，忠心；因此D为答案。

10.

Afterall,thecandidatewasendorsedbythegovernor'sboardandmanyofthelocalpartymembers.A.sponsoredB.approbatedC.recognizedD.rejected正确答案：B[解析]动词辨析

endorse表：在(票据)背面签名，签注(文件)，认可，签署；A．sponsored发起，主办，赞助；B．approbated(正式或依法)许可，认可，承认，核准；C．recognized公认的，经过验证的；D．rejected拒绝，抵制，否决，丢弃；因此B为答案。

11.

Ifpeopleweren'tpreparedtoexperimentwithnewteachingmethod,thingwouldneverchange.A.campaignB.swerveC.endeavorD.manipulate正确答案：C[解析]动词辨析

experimentwith表：进行试验，做试验；A．campaign参加活动，作战；B．swerve突然转向；C．endeavor尽力，努力，尝试；D．manipulate(熟练地)操作，巧妙地处理；因此C为答案。

12.

Thefinn'sCEOisnotonefordiscourse;whenheopenedhismouth,itwastoissueacommand.A.conversationB.communicationC.discussionD.negotiation正确答案：A[解析]名词辨析

discourse表：演讲，论述，论文，讲道，谈话，谈论；A．conversation会话，交谈；B．communication传达，信息，交通；C．discussion讨论，商议，辩论；D．negotiation商议，谈判，流通；本句意为：这家公司的CEO不善讲话，他张嘴讲话时就是发布命令。因此A为答案。

13.

However,beyondthatdolorouspicture,thereisarevolutionatworkinworldagriculture.A.illusiveB.blurryC.reflectiveD.grievous正确答案：D[解析]形容词辨析

dolorous表：忧伤的，悲痛的；A．illusive幻影的，错觉的，迷惑人的；B．blurry模糊的，不清楚的；C．reflective沉思的；D．grievous令人忧伤的；因此D为答案。

14.

Wilsoncouldnotcontrolhisdeepjealousyatthethoughtofanothermantakinguphisroleasfather.A.tamperingB.sophisticatingC.seizingD.usurping正确答案：D[解析]动词辨析

takingup表：占据，开始从事，继续，吸收，认购；A．tampering干预，玩弄，贿赂，损害，削弱，篡改；B．sophisticating篡改，曲解，使变得世故，弄复杂；C．seizing抓住，逮住，夺取，没收，查封；D．usurping篡夺，篡位，侵占；因此D为答案。

15.

Torevealamilitarysecrettotheenemyistantamounttotreason.A.exactlyB.equivalentC.paramountD.unquestionably正确答案：B[解析]词义辨析

tantamount表：等价，相当于……的；A．exactly正确地，严密地；B．equivalent相等的，相当的，同意义的；C．paramount极为重要的；D．unquestionably无疑地，无可非议地；因此B为答案。

Part3CorrectingGrammaticalErrorsThispartconsistsof15sentences;ineachsentencethereisanunderlinedpartthatindicatesagrammaticalerror.Beloweachsentence,thereare4choicesrespectivelymarkedbylettersA,B,CandD.Choosethewordorphrasethatcanreplacetheunderlinedpartsothattheerroriscorrected.ThereisonlyONErightanswer.BlackenthecorrespondingletterasrequiredonyourMachine-scoringANSWERSHEET.1.

Thehousewassituatedonahilloverthevillage.A.abovethevillageB.beyondthevillageC.underthevillageD.withinthevillage正确答案：A[解析]介词运用

此句意为：那所房屋坐落在村庄上方的一山坡上。beyond和within都没有“在……上方”之意；而over和above均有“在……上面，在……之上”之意，但above一般笼统地指“在……上方”，两者之间一般不相互接触，强调一个物体比另一个物体所处的位置高；反义词为below。例如：Hishouseisabovemineonthehill．他的房子在山坡上，位置高于我的房子。而over表示“在……正上方”，指一个物体在另一个物体的垂直上方，两者之间一般不相互接触，反义词为under。例如：Theirofficeisrightoverours．他们的办公室就在我们的办公室上面。因此A为答案。

2.

Thegibbonrangesoveranareawiderthandotheotherapes.A.awiderareathanotherapesdoB.anareawiderthanareotherapesdoC.widerthanotherapesdotheareaD.thanwiderotherapesdoanarea正确答案：A[解析]结构应用

本句考察的是比较级的使用：被比较的两个事物应该是同等成分，本句意为：长臂猿较其它猿类分布的地区更广。因此A为答案。

3.

JackieRobinson,thefirstBlackAmericanwhowastoplaybaseballinthemajorleagues,joinedtheBrooklynDodgersin1947.A.thefirstandaBlackAmericanwhoB.wasthefirstBlackAmericanC.thefirstBlackAmericanD.theBlackAmericanwhofirst正确答案：C[解析]结构应用

本句应弄清楚句子结构：两个逗号之间的部分是插入语，其余是句子主句；插入语用来解释说明。主句，在此只是说明JackieRobinson是第一个美国黑人球员，根据形容词作前置定语的词序，应用thefirstBlackAmerican；因此C为答案。

4.

BythetimeBobarrivesinBeijing,wehavealreadyarrivedherefortwodays.A.wehavebeenstayingherefortwodaysB.ithasbeenfortwodayswehavestayedhereC.itisalreadytwodaysbeforewehavearrivedhereD.wewillhavestayedherefortwodays正确答案：D[解析]时态应用

从时间状语从句来看是表示将来(时间状语从句中用一般现在时表将来)，而fortwodays要求完成时，因此应用将来完成时，即D为答案。

5.

Thephotoperiodicresponseofalgaeactuallydependsonthedurationofdarkness,butnotontheresponseoflight.A.isnotonlightB.butis'notonthelightC.andnotonlightD.thelightisnoton正确答案：C[解析]结构应用

本句意为：海藻的光周期反应事实上依黑暗的持续时间而定，而不是靠光的反应。英语中表示并列用and，抽象名词和物质名词前不加冠词；因此C为答案。

6.

Theearlyrailroadswereconnectedshortlinesintheexistingarteriesoftransportation:roads,turnpikes,canals,andotherwaterways.A.shortlinesthatconnectedB.thoseshortlinesconnectedC.connectedbyshortlinesD.shortconnectedlines正确答案：A[解析]结构应用

本句意为：早期的铁路是些连接已有运输干线的短线，已有的运输干线指公路、收费公路、运河和其他一些水路。主句强调：早期的铁路是些短线，定语“连接已有运输干线的”是修饰shortlines的，因此A为答案。

7.

Thecomputerhasdramaticallyaffectedjustlikephotographiclensesareconstructed.A.isthewayweconstructedthephotographiclenses.B.thatthewayweconstructedthephotographiclenses.C.whichwaydophotographiclensesareconstructed.D.thewayphotographiclensesareconstructed.正确答案：D[解析]结构应用

本句意为：计算机显著地影响(改变)了制造摄影用镜头的方式。主句为Thecomputerhasdramaticallyaffectedtheway，后面是定语从句photographiclensesareconstructed；因此D为答案。

8.

Somewomencanmakeagoodsalaryinajobinsteadofstayingathome,buttheydecidednottoworkforthesakeofthefamily.A.SomewomencouldhavemadeagoodsalaryinajobB.ItshouldhavebeenajobwithgoodsalaryforwomenC.TheworkshouldhavemadesomewomenagoodsalaryD.Somewomenwouldmakeagoodsalaryinagoodjob正确答案：A[解析]结构应用

本句考察的是虚拟语气的用法，本句意为：有些女人本可以有份高薪工作，但她们为了家庭的原因决定不出去工作。因是对过去的推测，应用过去完成时；因此A为答案。

9.

Whenpeoplehavenowilltolive,peopleareoftenverydifficulttohelp.A.youareB.theyareC.itisD.theotheris正确答案：B[解析]结构应用

本句意为：一旦某人失去生存下去的意念，别人很难帮助他们。本句是不定式的主动态用来表示被动意义的一种句型：不定式在形容词easy，difficult，hard，comfortable，pleasant等后作状语，这类句子的主语(可指人，可指物)是不定式的逻辑宾语，此时不定式用主动式，不用被动式。因此B为答案。

10.

WhenIfirstcametothiscountry,IthoughtlittlethatIshouldstayheresolong.A.littlethoughtB.thoughtneverC.alittlethoughtD.thoughtalittle正确答案：A[解析]副词应用

本句意为：我刚到这个国家时从没想过会呆这么久。little是副词，[表否定](数量/程度上)微少，几乎没有；副词修饰动词时，一般放在被修饰的动词之前或句子的基本结构之后，例如：Icanhardlybelievethat．我简直不能相信；littleknows一点不知道；littlethought一点没想到；因此A为答案。

11.

ThisbookiswritteninsucheasyEnglishsothosewithbasiccommandofEnglishcanreadandunderstandit.A.so/thatB.such/asC.so/asD.such/asto正确答案：B[解析]固定搭配

such...as…常用来特指某一特殊种类的人或事；例如：Suchfoodastheygaveuswasscarcelyfittoeat．他们给我们的这种食物几乎无法食用；本句意为：这本书用浅显的英语写成，那些只掌握基础英语的人也能看懂。因此B为答案。

12.

Thatshouldbeanexcellentopportunityofyoutosaywhatyouthink.A.opportunityforyouB.opportunityinwhichyouareC.opportunitytoyouD.opportunityinwhichyou正确答案：A[解析]习惯搭配

anopportunityforsb．todosth．表“某人做某事的机会”；因此A为答案。

13.

Beforewritingabook,thefirstthingisconsideringwhattosay.A.youmustfirstponderwhattosayandwhatnottobesaidcarefully.B.it'sextremelynecessarythatyouknowwhattosay.C.thefirstthingistoconsiderwhattosay.D.youmustfirstponderwhattosayandwhatnottosay.正确答案：D[解析]结构应用

本句考察的是“一致关系”：由before(when，while，if，unless，after等词)引导的分词短语作状语时，这些短语的逻辑主语必须是句子的主语；因此D为答案。

14.

Helostallhismoney.Theonlythinghecoulddowastocallhiswifeforhelpatthismoment.A.beingcalledB.tobecalledC.callingD.call正确答案：D[解析]结构应用

本句考察的是动词不定式作表语，但因主语中含有do，要省略do。因此选项D为答案。

15.

There'snodoubtthatanyproposalwhichJackbedismissedmustberesisted.A.thatB.asC.whatD.inwhich正确答案：A[解析]结构应用

本句考察的是同位语从句的用法；因为Jackbedismissedmustberesisted在句中作proposal的同位语，应用连接代词that引导，它在从句中不做任何语法成分；因此A为答案。

ⅡReadingComprehensionInthissectionyouwillfindaftereachofthepassagesanumberofquestionsorunfinishedstatementsaboutthepassage,eachwith4(A,B,CandD)choicestocompletethestatement.Youmustchoosetheonewhichyouthinkfitsbest.BlackenthecorrespondingletterasrequiredonyourMachine-scoringANSWERSHEET.Thetimeforthissectionis75minutes.

Withtheunderstandingofphobiashascomeamagicbagoftreatments:exposuretherapythatcanstompoutalifetimephobiainasinglesix-hoursession;virtual-realityprogramsthatcansafelysimulatethethingthephobiamostfears,slowlystrippingitofitspowertoterrorize;newmedicationsthatcansnuffthebrain'sphobicsparkbeforeitcancatch.

Inthepastyear,theU.S.FoodandDrugAdministrationapprovedthefirstdrug—anexistingantidepressant.

Mostpsychologistsnowassignphobiastooneofthethreebroadcategories:socialphobias,inwhichthesuffererfeelsparalyzingfearattheprospectofsocialorprofessionalencounters;panicdisorders,inwhichthepersonisperiodicallyblindsidedbyoverwhelmingfearfornoapparentreason;andspecificphobias—fearofsnakesandenclosedspacesandheightsandthelike.

Ifyouarelivingwithageneralizedsenseofdanger,itcanbeprofoundlytherapeutictofindasingleobjectonwhichtodepositallthatunformedfear—asnake,aspiderandarat.Aspecificphobiabecomesasortofbackfireforfear,acontrolledblazethatpreventsotherblazesfromcatching.

Butaconditionthatissoeasytopickupisbecomingalmostaseasytoshake,usuallywithoutresorttodrugs.Whatturnsupthewattageofaphobiathemostisthestrategythephobiasrelyontoeasetheirdiscomfort:avoidance.Theharderphobicsworktoavoidthethingstheyfear,themorethebraingrowsconvincedthatthethreatisreal.

Progressintreatingsocial-anxietydisorderisalsoprovidinghopeforthelast—andmostdisabling—ofthefamilyofphobias:panicdisorder.Panicdisorderistoanxietyconditionswhatatornadoistoweatherconditions:adevastatingsneakshavocandthensimplyvanishes.Unlikethespecificphobicandthesocialphobicwhoknowwhatwilltriggertheirfear,thevictimofpanicattacksneverknowwhereorwhenonewillhit.Someonewhoexperiencesanattackin,say,asupermarketwilloftennotreturnthere,associatingtheonceneutralplacewiththetraumaticevent.Buttheperceivedcircleofsafetycanquicklyshrink,untilsufferersmaybeconfinedentirelytotheirhomes.Whenthisbeginstohappen,panicdisordermutatesintofull-blownagoraphobia.Thetreatmentforagoraphobiaismuchthesameasitisforsocialphobia:cognitive-behavioraltherapyanddrugs.1.

WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueofthetreatmentwithmoreandmoreunderstandingofphobia?A.Newmedicinesthatcangetridofthefearinthebrain.B.Newpsychologicalmethodsthatcanhelppeoplenotfear.C.Newmedicinesthatcanremovephobiainsix-hourperiod.D.Themethodthatcanhelppeopleovercomephobiabyfacingfearfulthings.正确答案：C[解析]是非题型

见第一段第一、二行：exposuretherapythatcanstompoutalifetimephobiainasinglesix-hoursession；“exposuretherapy'’能在短短的六小时期间将长期所患的恐惧症重创；此处只提到重创，没提“消除”，且A，B，C三个选项内容在下面也都提及到，因此C为答案。

2.

Accordingtothepassage,socialphobia______.A.causepatientstofearthegeneralpublicB.leadpatientstobeafraidofsocietyC.areclassifiedtooneofthethreebroadcategoriesD.canresultinparalyzingeffecttopatients正确答案：C[解析]细节题型

见第三段第一、二行：Mostpsychologistsnowassignphobiastooneofthreebroadcategories：socialphobias，inwhichthesuffererfeelsparalyzingfearattheprospectofsocialorprofessionalencounters；“如今大多数心理学家将恐惧症归结为三大类别中的一种……”。因此C为答案。

3.

Theword"blindsided"underlinedinParagraph3means______.A.terrorizedB.hauntedC.hitD.caught正确答案：B[解析]词义题型

第三段讲：大多数心理学家如今将恐惧症归结为三大类别中的一种：社交恐惧症——患者在遇到社交或职业领域中的问题时会感到一种无法控制的恐惧；无缘由的情绪失调——患者会周期性的被无缘由的无法抑制的恐惧所；某种特别的恐惧症，如怕蛇，封闭的空间，恐高或类似的情形。A．Terrorized恐吓的；B．Haunted受到折磨的，焦虑不安的，鬼魂出没的；C．Hit袭击，击中的；D．Caught捉住的；因此B为答案。

4.

Ifyouhavephobiaingeneralsense,______.A.youshouldgetaspecificobjecttofightbackallotherobjectsoffearB.itisbeneficialforyoutodecideasingleobjectoffearC.asingleobjectyouchooseasaphobiamayhelpstopotherfearsD.asingleobjectyouchooseasaphobiacanstandforfearinyourlife正确答案：C[解析]细节题型

见第四段第一句：Ifyouarelivingwithageneralizedsenseofdanger，itcanbeprofoundlytherapeutictofindasingleobjectonwhichtodepositallthatunformedfear—asnake，aspider，arat．(如果你生活在一种无法言明的危险感中，寻找一种简单的目标，如蛇、蜘蛛、老鼠等，作为对所有无定型的恐惧的发泄是很有疗效的)；因此c为答案。

5.

Whatistheauthor'sattitudeto"avoidance"?A.Avoidingthethingyoufearwillmakeyoufearmore.B.Youcan'tavoidallthefearsinyourlife.C.Youwillfeelbetterifyouchoosetoavoidfear.D.Yourfearscanbegotridofifyoutrytoavoidthem.正确答案：A[解析]态度题型

见第五段第二、三句：人们发现最感到恐惧时依赖的策略是减轻他们的不适：躲避；越想避免他们所恐惧的事，他们的脑中就越感到这种恐惧的威胁是真的；因此作者对“avoidance”的态度应是A。

6.

WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueofpanicdisorder?A.Itisthemostserioustypeofphobias.B.Thedoctorsaregettingtoknowitscause.C.Itwillmakethesufferers'safeplacebecomesmaller.D.Thedoctorcanusetheexperiencefromsocialphobia.正确答案：B[解析]是非题型

见第六段，选项A、C、D在本段中都有提及，只有选项B未被提及；因此B为答案。

7.

Theword"agoraphobia"underlinedinthelastparagraphmeansphobiafor______.A.everythingB.newplacesC.socialactivityD.newpeople正确答案：B[解析]词义题型

见第六段第四、五、六句，在此讲的都是有关地点、空间的事，因此“agoraphobia”应指对新地点、新空间的恐惧，因此B为答案。

8.

Whatisthepurposeoftheauthorinwritingthepassage?A.Todescribedifferentkindsofphobias.B.Toexpoundphobiaandtheirpossibletreatments.C.Tohelpthephobiasuffererstogetbetter.D.Totellreadershowtopreventsuchphobias.正确答案：B[解析]主旨题型

通读全文可见第一段讲的是对恐惧症的了解带来了一系列的治疗方法，第三段又揭示了不同种的恐惧症，因此本文主旨是详细说明恐惧症及可能的治疗方法。因此B为答案。

9.

Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Phobiashavemuchtodowithdepression.B.Everybodyhassomethingtofearabout.C.Avoidancecanhelppatientsforgetfear.D.Thesymptomsofpanicdisorder'areeasytofind.正确答案：A[解析]推断题型

通读全文可知本文主要是详细说明恐惧症及可能的治疗方法；文章还提到不同的恐惧症都或多或少地与情绪紧张、消沉等相关，因此A为答案。

10.

Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Doctorshavefoundeffectivewaystotreatsocial-anxietydisorder.B.Directcontactwiththethingthepatientsfearproveswrong.C.Medicinealoneisimpotentincontrollingphobias.D.Virtualfearishelpfulintreatingphobias.正确答案：D[解析]是非题型

见第一段第三行，因此D为答案。

TheheadoftheLibraryofCongressistonameDonaldHall,awriterwhosedeceptivelysimplelanguagebuildsonimagesoftheNewEnglandlandscape,asthenation's14thpoetlaureatetoday.

Mr.Hall,apoetinthedistinctiveAmericantraditionofRobertFrost,hasalsobeenaharshcriticofthereligiousright'sinfluenceongovernmentartspolicy.AndasamemberoftheadvisorycounciloftheNationalEndowmentfortheArtsduringtheadministrationofGeorgeH.W.Bush,hereferredtothosehethoughtwereinterferingwithartsgrantsas"bulliesandartbashers".

HewillsucceedTedKooser,theNebraskanwhohasbeenthepoetlaureatesince2004.

TheannouncementofMr.Hall'sappointmentistobemadebyJamesH.Billington,theLibrarianofCongress.Mr.BillingtonsaidthathechoseMr.Hallbecauseof"thesustainedqualityofhispoetry,thereachandthevarietyofthingshetalksabout."LikeMr.Kooser,Mr.Billingtonsaid,Mr.Hall"evokesasenseofplace."

Mr.Hall,77,livesinawhiteclapboardfarmhouseinWilmot,N.H.,thathasbeeninhisfamilyforgenerations.Hesaidinatelephoneinterviewthathedidn'tseethepoetlaureateshipasabullypulpit."Butit'sapulpitanyway,"hesaid."IfIseeFirstAmendmentviolations,Iwillspeakup."

Mr.Hallisanextremelyproductivewriterwhohaspublishedabout18booksofpoetry,20booksofproseand12children'sbooks.Hehaswonmanyawards,includinganationalBookCriticsCircleAwardin1989for"TheOneDay,"acollection.

Inrecentyearsmuchofhispoetryhasbeenpreoccupiedwiththedeathofhiswife,thepoetJaneKenyon,in1995.

RobertPinsky,whowaspoetlaureatefrom1997to2000saidhewelcomedMr.Hall'sappointment,especiallyinlightofhispreviousoutspokennessaboutpoliticsandarts."Thereissomethingnicelysymbolic,andmaybesurprising,"Mr.Pinskysaid,"thattheyhaveselectedsomeonewhohastakenastandforfreedom."

Thepositioncarriesanawardof$35,000and$5,000travelallowance.Itusuallylastsayear,thoughpoetsaresometimesreappointed.11.

DonaldHall______.A.usessimpleEnglishtoexpresstheimagesoftheNewEnglandlandscapeB.dislikestheideaofimpactinggovernmentbytherightsideofthereligionC.isthe14thpoetlaureateappointedbytheCongressD.isamemberoftheadvisorycounciloftheNationalEndowmentfortheArts正确答案：B[解析]细节题型

从第二段第一句可知Mr．Hall对宗教右翼对政府的影响持批评态度，因此B为答案。

12.

JamesH.Billington______.A.likesthepoemswithgreatdepthandwidthB.speakshighlyofpoemsinsimpleEnglishratherthancomplexonesC.prefersthepoemswithsustainedstyleandexpressionD.likesthepoemswiththeknowledgeofvariousthings正确答案：A[解析]细节题型

从第四段第二句可知Mr．Billington喜欢高质量的诗歌，喜欢有着广度和深度的诗歌。因此A为答案。

13.

Thephrase"evokesasenseofplace"underlinedinParagraph4meansto______.A.makereadersthinkofaplace.B.callupmemoriesofnicethingstoreaders.C.remindreadersofimportantplaces.D.givereadersthefeelingoflargeareas.正确答案：D[解析]词义题型

见第四段最后一句：和Mr．Kooser一样，Mr．Billington说Mr．Hall(的诗歌)能使人产生一种“空间感”(上句刚提到Mr．Hall的诗歌有着广度和深度)；因此D为答案。

14.

WhichofthefollowingiiNOTtrueofDonaldHall?A.HisfamilyemigratedtotheU.S.decadesago.B.Heisadirectanduprightperson.C.HeisapowerfulpersoninAmericanCongress.D.HisstyleofpoemsfollowsthetraditionsofAmerica.正确答案：C[解析]是非题型

选项A中提及DonaldHall的语言是建立在对新英格兰地区风景的描述上的(新英格兰位于美国东北部，是几百年前欧洲移民初到北美时的落脚之地)，由此可知他的祖先是移民来的；从第五段最后一句和第八段第一句可知选项B是对的；选项D在第二段第一句中提及；选项C虽在第二段第二句中有所提及，但不准确，因此C为答案。

15.

Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Mr.Hallhaspublishedmanybooksandmagazinesonpoems.B.Mr.HallisacriticofliteratureintheU.S..C.Mr.Hallhasgotmanyprizesforhistalentsinwriting.D.Mr.Hallhasgotsupportfromhispredecessor.正确答案：B[解析]是非题型

见第六段最后一句：Hehaswonmanyawards，includinganationalBookCriticsCircleAwardinl989forTheOne为Day，acollection．(Mr．Hall得过许多奖，包括1989年为书集《一日》所作的书评获国家书评奖)；因此B为答案。

16.

Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Mr.Hallloveshiswifeverymuch.B.Mr.Halltakesthenewappointmentforgranted.C.Mr.Hallhasgotgreatideasfromhiswife.D.Mr.Hallmayholdthepositionforanotheryear.正确答案：A[解析]推断题型

见第七段：Inrecentyearsmuchofhispoetryhasbeenpreoccupiedwiththed