山东省泰安市高二上学期11月期中英语试题（含答案解析）

高二年级考试英语试题2024.11注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并收回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.What’stheweatherliketoday?A.Rainy.B.Sunny.C.Windy.2.Whatdoesthemanwanttohavefirst?A.Abowlofsoup.B.Somebread.C.Asalad.3.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Gotosleep.B.Makethebed.C.Dothedishes.4.Whatisthewomangoingtodotomorrowevening?A.VisitBobinhishouse.B.GoshoppingwithBob.C.ExpectacallfromBob.5.Howmuchwillthemanpay?A.$10.B.$20.C.$30.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Books.B.Movies.C.Actors.7.Wherearethespeakersprobably?A.Inthebookstore.B.Intheclassroom.C.Inthecinema.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whathappenedtotheman?A.Hebrokeamachine.B.Themachinedidn’tgivehim25cents.C.Themachineownerrefusedtohelphim.9Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Callthepolice.B.Rockthemachine.C.Callthenumberonthemachine.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.WhatmoviesmightMarklikebest?A.Comedy.B.Sci-fimovies.C.Historicalmovies.11.HowlongwillMarkstayinKorea?A.Amonth.B.Sixmonths.C.Ayear.12.WhereisMarkprobablyontheweekend?A.Atthecinema.B.Inthelibrary.C.Athome.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.HowarethespeakersfeelingaboutwatchingTVthesedays?A.Excited.B.Bored.C.Interested.14.Whichofthefollowingistheman’sfavourite?A.Cookingshows.B.Musicprograms.C.Footballgames.15.Howmuchdidthewoman’spaid-upaccountcostamonth?A.$10.B.$12.C.$25.16.Whatdoesthemanrecommendtothewoman?A.Afilm.B.ATVseries.C.Afunnyshow.听第10段独白，回答第17至20题。17.WhatistobehostedonWednesdayevening?A.Abooksale.B.Aparentbookclub.C.Aneventtohonoranartist.18.Whatisthedonationusedfor?A.Forthesportsteams.B.Forthecomputerlab.C.Fortheartdepartment.19.Whenwillthebookfairend?A.OnThursday.B.OnWednesday.C.OnMonday.20.Whathappenstothecomputerlab?A.Itwillberepaired.B.Itwillbeclosedforever.C.Itwillbeputupforsale.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AWhereEuropeandAsiameet,magicalGeorgiasitsonthesouthernslopeoftheGreaterCaucasus(高加索)mountainrange.Forthepastdecade,ithasslowlybeenmakingareputationforitsuniquecombinationofancientandmodernattractions.Besides,Georgiaalsooffersahugevarietyofsceneryandactivities.Thereareseveralthingstoknowbeforetouristsvisit.1.GiveyourselfplentyoftimeGeorgiaappearssmallonamap,leadingsomefirst-timevisitorstoassumeitcanbeseeninjustafewdays.Butduetoacombinationofmountainoussituationandinfrastructural(基础设施)shortcomings,that’snotthecase—traveltimesbetweenregionsaresignificant.2.PackclothesforallclimatesThesummercanbeextremelyhotinthelowlands,butassoonasyoureachanyheight,letalonetheHighCaucasusthemselves,thetemperaturefallsfastandyou’llneedajacket,eveninJuly.3.KeepaneyeoutforsheepdogsSheepdogsintheCaucasusareraisedtobefierceandcanpotentiallybedangerous,sogivethemawidedistancewhenhikinginthemountainsandcarryastickifpossible.4.Don’ttoastwithbeerGeorgiansonlytoasttheirenemieswithbeer,somakesureyouhaveaglassofwineorchacha(thenationaldrink)tohandifyou’reluckyenoughtoattendatraditionalGeorgianfeastordinnerparty.1.WhichbehaviorofthefollowingisnotsuitablewheninGeorgia?A.Takingenoughclothes. B.Toastingafriendwithbeer.C.Settingasidesufficienttime. D.Carryingastickifpossible.2.What’sGeorgiafamousfor?A.Itsdistinctivelocation.B.TraditionalGeorgianfeastandactivities.C.Particularcombinationofancientandmodernattractions.D.Uniquemountainoussceneryandvisitingactivities.3.Wherewillyouprobablyfindthepassage?A.Inanencyclopedia. B.Inanadvertisement.C.Inasciencefiction. D.Inatravelbrochure.【答案】1.B2.C3.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了格鲁吉亚的地理位置、气候特点、风俗习惯以及旅游注意事项。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Don’ttoastwithbeer中“Georgiansonlytoasttheirenemieswithbeer,somakesureyouhaveaglassofwineorchacha(thenationaldrink)tohandifyou’reluckyenoughtoattendatraditionalGeorgianfeastordinnerparty.(格鲁吉亚人只会用啤酒来敬敌人，所以如果你有幸参加格鲁吉亚的传统宴会或晚宴，一定要准备一杯葡萄酒或恰恰酒（格鲁吉亚的国酒）。)”可知，用啤酒向朋友敬酒这种行为在格鲁吉亚是不合适的。故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Forthepastdecade,ithasslowlybeenmakingareputationforitsuniquecombinationofancientandmodernattractions.(在过去的十年里，它逐渐以其独特的古今结合而闻名。)”可知，格鲁吉亚以古代和现代景点的特别结合而闻名。故选C项。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据文章大意以及第一段“WhereEuropeandAsiameet,magicalGeorgiasitsonthesouthernslopeoftheGreaterCaucasus(高加索)mountainrange.Forthepastdecade,ithasslowlybeenmakingareputationforitsuniquecombinationofancientandmodernattractions.Besides,Georgiaalsooffersahugevarietyofsceneryandactivities.(在欧洲和亚洲交汇的地方，神奇的格鲁吉亚坐落在大高加索山脉的南坡上。在过去的十年里，它逐渐以其独特的古今结合而闻名。此外，格鲁吉亚还提供了各种各样的风景和活动。)”可知，文章主要介绍了格鲁吉亚的地理位置、气候特点、风俗习惯以及旅游注意事项，由此可推知，这篇文章最有可能出现在旅游手册上。故选D项。BNanjingHongshanForestZooisoneofthemostpopularonesinChina,andnowduetoitsdailylivestreamingprograms,thenumberofitsfollowershasrisensignificantly.Atthesametime,moreyoungpeoplearejoiningthezooaskeepers,saidShenZhijun,headofthezoo.Ofthe140keepersatthezoo,40percentofthemwerebornafter1995,and20percentofthekeeperswerebornafter2000.JiaTianci,28,takescareofabout20wolvesatthezoo,wherehestartedworkin2020aftergraduatingfromNanjingAgriculturalUniversitywithabachelor’sdegreeinveterinary(兽医的)medicine.BornandraisedinNanjing,Jiadreamedofbecomingavet.Hisparentsdidn’tunderstandhisdecisiontobecomeakeeperuntiltheysawhimtakecareofthewolves.“Ifeelcontentwhenthewolvesarementallyandphysicallyhealthy.Althoughtheyobviouslycannotspeaklikehumans,Icantellfromchangesintheirwaste,suchasitscolorandsmell,whethertheyarehealthy,”Jiasaid.Inadditiontoactingasakeeper,Jiaaccompaniesandchatswithvisitorstothezoo.“Iremembermyvisittoazooduringmychildhood.Ilovedwatchingthemonkeysandfeedingthemcookies.However,afterbecomingakeeper,Irealizedthatthistypeofbehaviorwastotallywrong,”Jiasaid.“Peopleloveinteractingwithanimals,butthefirstthingwetellvisitorsisnottodisturbthem.Behaviorssuchasbanging(猛敲)things,shoutingattheanimalsandfeedingthem,areharmful.”In2013,NanjingHongshanForestZoostartedtoemployyoungkeeperswhohavemaster’sdegrees.Shensaidthatcertainpeopleconsideredtheemploymentofgraduateswithsuchdegreestobeatotalwasteoftalent.“Takingcareofwildlife,especiallyendangeredspecies,isahighlydemandingjobthatrequirescontinuousstudy,”Shensaid.“Workingatazooalsocallsforabroadknowledgeofsubjectssuchasbiology,zoologyandenvironmentalism.”4.WhathascontributedtothepopularityofNanjingHongshanForestZoo?A.Manyanimallovers. B.Sellinggoodsonline.C.Dailylivebroadcast. D.Animalperformances.5.WhydidJiaTianci’sparentsdisagreewithhiscareerchoiceatthebeginning?A.Theythoughtthejobwouldbetooboring.B.Theywereunawareofthejob’ssignificance.C.Theythoughttheirsonwouldn’tmakeendsmeet.D.Theyexpectedtheirsonwouldworkinacleanerenvironment.6.WhatkindofjobisananimalkeeperinJiaTianci’sopinion?A.Itissmellybuthighly-paid. B.Itisvitalandrisky.C.Itisdemandingbutfulfilling. D.Itiseye-catchingandsatisfying.7.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Whoeverlikesanimalsisfitforthejob.B.Takingcareofwildlifecallsforcooperation.CFewyoungpeoplearejoiningthezooaskeepers.D.Visitorsshouldbehavethemselveswhenvisitingzoos.【答案】4.C5.B6.C7.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。短文介绍了越来越多的年轻人加入动物园担任饲养员。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“NanjingHongshanForestZooisoneofthemostpopularonesinChina,andnowduetoitsdailylivestreamingprograms,thenumberofitsfollowershasrisensignificantly.(南京红山森林动物园是中国最受欢迎的动物园之一，现在由于每天都有直播节目，它的粉丝数量大幅增加)”可知，南京红山森林动物园因其每日直播节目而受欢迎。故选C项。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Hisparentsdidn’tunderstandhisdecisiontobecomeakeeperuntiltheysawhimtakecareofthewolves.(他的父母一直不理解他成为饲养员的决定，直到他们看到他照顾狼群)”可知，Jia的父母在看到他照顾狼群之前不理解他的职业选择，暗示他们对工作的重大意义缺乏认识。故选B项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Ifeelcontentwhenthewolvesarementallyandphysicallyhealthy(当狼们身心健康时，我就会感到满足)”及“Inadditiontoactingasakeeper,Jiaaccompaniesandchatswithvisitorstothezoo.(除了作为饲养员，Jia还会陪着参观动物园的游客聊天)”可知，动物看护工作要求保证动物的身心健康，同时还需要陪伴游客聊天，所以要求是高的，但JiaTianci认为动物看护工作虽然要求高但却很有成就感。故选C项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Peopleloveinteractingwithanimals,butthefirstthingwetellvisitorsisnottodisturbthem.Behaviorssuchasbangingthings,shoutingattheanimalsandfeedingthem,areharmful.(人们喜欢与动物互动，但我们告诉游客的第一件事是不要打扰它们。敲打东西、对动物大喊大叫和喂它们等行为都是有害的)”可知，游客在参观动物园时应该自律，遵守行为规范。故选D项。CHowwelearnaccentsbeforewelearnwords“No!”That’stheonlywordwehearinthelatestcutebabyvideotogoviral.Butit’snotthewordsthatbabyOrlasaysthathasmadethisvideosopopular.It’sthefactthatsheclearlyimitates(模仿)thedistinctiveScouseaccent(口音)fromLiverpool.Thisnow-famousbabymayonlyhavebeenbornin2022,butthedifferentaccentsofbabbling(咿哑声)babieshavebeenstudiedformanyyears.Astudyfrom2009foundthatFrenchbabiestendtocrywitharisingintonation,whileGermanbabies’criesoftenhaveafallingintonation.OtherstudieshaveshownAmericanandFrenchbabiesreflectingsyllables(音节)fromEnglishandFrenchrespectively,andthatbabieswithparentswhospeakatonal(声调的)language,likeMandarin,hadagreaterrangeoftonesintheircrying.Sowhydoesthishappen?Aschildrendevelop,theypractisemakingthesoundsofthelanguagethattheyheararoundthem.It’snaturalthattheypickupthesoundsaroundthem.Infact,babiesstarttolearnlanguagefromtheirmotherfromthreemonthsbeforebirth.However,it’snotjustthelanguageofimmediatefamilyandcaregiversthathasanimpact.ProfessorCarolineFlocciahighlightsstudiessuggestingthatchildrenaremorelikelytolearntheaccentoftheirenvironmentthanthatofaparentwhohasanaccentthatisforeigntothatlocation.Whyisthisimportanttoknow?Well,whatitshowsusisthatbabiesarelearninglanguagethroughpractice,andthatthemoretimethatparentsspendinteractingwiththeirchildren,thegreateropportunityforthis.Whilebabblingbabiesmaynotbeabletosaymanywords,studiesestimatethattheycanunderstandmanytimesthenumberofwordsthanthosethattheycanactuallysay.Givingbabiesexposuretoagreaternumberofwordsallowsthemtobetterbuildtheirvocabulary.8.WhatmakesthevideoofbabyOrlasopopular?A.Hercuteappearance. B.Herabilitytosay“No”.C.Herclearpronunciation. D.HerScouseaccentimitation.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“respectively”meaninparagraph2?A.Individually. B.Apparently.C.Abnormally. D.Identically.10.WhatdoesProfessorCarolineFlocciastress?A.Babysittershavenoeffectonchildren’saccent.B.Childrenwillalwayslearntheaccentoftheirparents.C.Environmenthasmoreimpactsonbabies’languagelearning.D.Childrenaremorelikelytolearntheaccentoftheforeigners.11.Whatdoesthepassageimplyaboutbabies’languagelearningabilities?A.Babiescanonlyunderstandalimitednumberofwords.B.Moreinteractionscandevelopbabies’languagelearning.C.Babies’babblingisnotanindicationoftheirlanguagelearning.D.Babies’languagelearningisnotaffectedbyparentalinteraction.【答案】8.D9.A10.C11.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了我们是如何在学习单词之前学习口音的。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Butit’snotthewordsthatbabyOrlasaysthathasmadethisvideosopopular.It’sthefactthatsheclearlyimitates(模仿)thedistinctiveScouseaccent(口音)fromLiverpool.(但并不是婴儿奥拉说的话让这个视频如此受欢迎。事实是，她明显模仿了来自利物浦的独特的利物浦口音。)”可知，奥拉模仿利物浦口音让她的视频如此受欢迎。故选D项。【9题详解】词义猜测题。根据第二段中“Astudyfrom2009foundthatFrenchbabiestendtocrywitharisingintonation,whileGermanbabies’criesoftenhaveafallingintonation.(2009年的一项研究发现，法国婴儿哭的时候往往是升调，而德国婴儿哭的时候往往是降调。)”以及划线单词句子中“…andthatbabieswithparentswhospeakatonal(声调的)language,likeMandarin,hadagreaterrangeoftonesintheircrying.(……而父母说普通话等声调语言的婴儿，哭声中的声调范围更大。)”可知，此处为美国和法国的婴儿分别反映英语和法语的音节，故可猜测划线单词respectively为“分别，独自地”意思，结合选项A项Individually“分别地，单独地”意思一致。故选A项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“ProfessorCarolineFlocciahighlightsstudiessuggestingthatchildrenaremorelikelytolearntheaccentoftheirenvironmentthanthatofaparentwhohasanaccentthatisforeigntothatlocation.(卡洛琳·弗洛西亚教授强调了一些研究，这些研究表明，与父母的口音不同，孩子更有可能学会他们所处环境的口音。)”可知，卡洛琳·弗洛西亚教授强调了环境对婴儿语言学习的影响更大。故选C项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Well,whatitshowsusisthatbabiesarelearninglanguagethroughpractice,andthatthemoretimethatparentsspendinteractingwiththeirchildren,thegreateropportunityforthis.Whilebabblingbabiesmaynotbeabletosaymanywords,studiesestimatethattheycanunderstandmanytimesthenumberofwordsthanthosethattheycanactuallysay.Givingbabiesexposuretoagreaternumberofwordsallowsthemtobetterbuildtheirvocabulary.(它告诉我们，婴儿是通过练习来学习语言的，父母和孩子互动的时间越多，学习语言的机会就越大。虽然咿呀学语的婴儿可能不会说很多单词，但研究估计，他们能理解的单词数量是他们实际能说的单词数量的许多倍。让婴儿接触更多的单词可以让他们更好地建立词汇量。)”可推知，关于婴儿的语言学习能力，这篇文章暗示了更多的互动可以促进婴儿的语言学习。故选B项。DAnewstudypredictsnearly75%ofuswillfaceextremeweatherin20years.“Inthebestcase,wepredictthatrapidchangeswillaffect1.5billionpeople,”saysphysicistBjornSamsetfromNorway.Thislowerestimatewouldonlybereachedbyreducinggreenhousegasemissions（排放）inalargedegree—somethingthatisyettooccur.Otherwise,climatescientistCarleyIlesandhercolleagues’modelingfindsthatifwecontinueonourcurrentcourse,thesedangerouschangeswillhit70percentoftheEarth’spopulation.Theirmodelingalsosuggeststhatmuchofwhat’stocomeisalreadylockedin.Samsetadvisespreparingforunexpectedextremeeventsinthenext1-2decades.We’vealreadylivedthroughexamplesoftheseextremes.DatafromEurope’sclimateserviceCopernicusshowsEarthjusthaditshottestNorthernHemispheresummeronrecord.TheSouthernHemispherehasbeenexperiencingarecord-breakingwarmwintertoo.Thisglobaltemperatureincreasehasbroughtwithitfatalfires,floods,storms,anddroughtsthataredestroyingcropsandleadingtoincreasinglywidespreadhunger,creatingfavorableconditionsforthespreadofmorediseasesaswell.“Likepeoplelivinginawarzonewiththeconstantsoundsofbombsandguns,wearebecomingdeaftowhatshouldbealarmbells,”saysclimatescientistJenniferFrancis.Withextremeemissionscutswecanreducesomeoftheseimpacts,butthiswillcausesomeregionsmoreimmediateissuestoo.“Whilecleaningtheairiscriticalforhealthreasons,airpollutionhasalsomaskedsomeoftheeffectsofglobalwarming,”explainsprofessorLauraWilcoxfromEngland.“Butnotactingmeanstheseworseningweatherextremeswilllikelyimpactmostofuswithintheverynearfuture.”“Theseconclusionsemphasizetheneedforbothcontinuedmitigation（缓解）andadaptationtopotentiallyunexpectedchangesoverthenext20yearsevenunderalow-emissionscondition,”writesIles.12.Whatcanhelptoreducetheimpactofextremeweatherchanges?A.Buildingmoredisasterpreventionprojects.B.Reducinggreenhousegasemissionstoagreatextent.C.Increasingtheuseofrenewableenergysources.D.Improvingearlywarningsystemsforextremeweather.13.Whyarepeoplegettingdeaftoextremeweather?A.Asaresultofsocialandeconomicpressures.B.Becauseofthemedia’sover-reportingofextremeweather.C.Becausepeoplehaveexperiencedsomanyweatherextremes.D.Duetoimprovedtechnologythatcanbetterpredictextremeweather.14.Whatdoestheauthorimplyinthelastparagraph?A.Thesideeffectsofemissioncuts.B.Thebenefitsofglobalcooperation.C.Theserioussituationofthefutureclimatechanges.D.Othermeasurestoslowdownclimatechange.15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitle?A.Whattodowithdisasters.B.Preparingforextremeweather.C.Measurestoreduceemissions.D.Howtofightagainstextremeevents.【答案】12.B13.C14.C15.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了气候科学家预计，未来20年内全球将有近75%的人口面临极端天气，需要采取行动减少温室气体排放。预计的变化将影响地球人口的70%，对人类健康和生活造成威胁，减缓全球变暖的影响对地球的未来至关重要。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Anewstudypredictsnearly75%ofuswillfaceextremeweatherin20years.“Inthebestcase,wepredictthatrapidchangeswillaffect1.5billionpeople,”saysphysicistBjørnSamsetfromNorway.Thislowerestimatewouldonlybereachedbyreducinggreenhousegasemissions（排放）inalargedegree—somethingthatisyettooccur.(一项新的研究预测，近75%的人将在20年内面临极端天气。“在最好的情况下，我们预测快速变化将影响15亿人，”挪威物理学家BjornSamset说。只有通过大幅减少温室气体排放才能达到这一较低的估计，而这一目标尚未实现。)”可知，在很大程度上减少温室气体排放可以帮助减少极端天气变化的影响。故选B项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“We’vealreadylivedthroughexamplesoftheseextremes.(我们已经经历过这些极端的例子。)”以及“Thisglobaltemperatureincreasehasbroughtwithitfatalfires,floods,storms,anddroughtsthataredestroyingcropsandleadingtoincreasinglywidespreadhunger,creatingfavorableconditionsforthespreadofmorediseasesaswell.“Likepeoplelivinginawarzonewiththeconstantsoundsofbombsandguns,wearebecomingdeaftowhatshouldbealarmbells,”saysclimatescientistJenniferFrancis.(全球气温的升高带来了致命的火灾、洪水、风暴和干旱，它们摧毁了庄稼，导致越来越广泛的饥饿，也为更多疾病的传播创造了有利条件。气候科学家珍妮弗·弗朗西斯说：“就像人们生活在不断听到炸弹和枪炮声的战区一样，我们对应该敲响的警钟越来越充耳不闻。”)”可推知，人们对极端天气充耳不闻是因为人们经历了太多的极端天气。故选C项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中““Theseconclusionsemphasizetheneedforbothcontinuedmitigation（缓解）andadaptationtopotentiallyunexpectedchangesoverthenext20yearsevenunderalow-emissionscondition,”writesIles.(“这些结论强调，即使在低排放条件下，也需要在未来20年继续减缓和适应可能意想不到的变化，”Iles写道。)”可推知，作者在最后一段暗示了未来气候变化的严峻形势。故选C项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第一段“Anewstudypredictsnearly75%ofuswillfaceextremeweatherin20years.“Inthebestcase,wepredictthatrapidchangeswillaffect1.5billionpeople,”saysphysicistBjørnSamsetfromNorway.Thislowerestimatewouldonlybereachedbyreducinggreenhousegasemissions（排放）inalargedegree—somethingthatisyettooccur.(一项新的研究预测，近75%的人将在20年内面临极端天气。“在最好的情况下，我们预测快速变化将影响15亿人，”挪威物理学家BjornSamset说。只有通过大幅减少温室气体排放才能达到这一较低的估计，而这一目标尚未实现。)”可知，文章主要讲的是气候科学家预计，未来20年内全球将有近75%的人口面临极端天气，需要采取行动减少温室气体排放，如极端减排措施可能引发直接问题。预计的变化将影响地球人口的70%，对人类健康和生活造成威胁，减缓全球变暖的影响对地球的未来至关重要。故文章最好的标题是“为极端天气做准备”。故选B项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Gaslightingisanemotionallyabusive(虐待的)strategythatcausessomeonetoquestiontheirfeelings,thoughts,andspirits.Thepurposeofgaslightingistoconvinceyouthatyoucan’ttrustyourself.Anabusermayuseseveraldifferentgaslightingtechniquesinordertogetpowerovertheirtarget.Thesearesomeofthemostcommonsignsofgaslighting.WithholdingApersonwhoisgaslightingmayusethewithholdingtechnique.Thismeansthattheymayrefusetolistentowhatthepersonbeinggaslithastosay.Thegaslightersmightalsoaccuseyouofbeingtheonetryingtoconfusethings.____16____LyingUsingthisgaslightingstrategy,thegaslighterswilltellyoulies.____17____Thisismeanttomakeyouquestionyourselfandyourversion(版本)ofevents.Countering____18____Thegaslighterswillclaimthatthingsdidn’thappenthewaythatthetargetcorrectlyclaims,andwillevenaddondetailsthatneverhappened.Forexample:“You’rewrong.Youneverrememberthingscorrectly.”____19____Thefirstthingtodoistrytoimaginethesituationfromthepointofviewofanoutsider.Thiswillhelpyouseeifthebehaviorisreallygaslighting,andwillletyouassessitmoreclearly.Next,remindyourselfhealthyrelationshipsshouldhavehonesty,trust,andcommunication.____20____Ifyourealizethatyourrelationshipwiththegaslightersismissingthesequalities,it’stimeforachange.A.Theyshouldalsoberespectfulandsupportive.B.Theywillpretendthattheydon’tunderstandyouropinions.C.Thistechniquequestionsyourmemoryorversionofevents.D.Thiskindofabuseisoftendifficulttorealizeinthebeginning.E.Theywilldothisevenwhenyouknowthattheydon’ttellthetruth.F.Overtime,gaslighterswillbreakdownyourabilitytotrustyourself.G.Ifyourecognizethesesignsinarelationship,it’simportanttoaddressthem.【答案】16.B17.E18.C19.G20.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了情感操控手段“煤气灯效应（Gaslighting)”及其常见迹象，以及面对这种情况时应采取的应对措施。【16题详解】根据第二段第一句提到“Apersonwhoisgaslightingmayusethewithholdingtechnique.(使用煤气灯效应的人可能会使用隐瞒技巧)”以及第二段第三句提到“Thegaslightersmightalsoaccuseyouofbeingtheonetryingtoconfusethings.(煤气灯操纵者可能还会指责你是那个试图混淆事情的人。)”由此可知，这两句话都是在描述煤气灯操纵者的一些行为，空白处应该也是描述煤气灯操纵者的某种行为，B选项Theywillpretendthattheydon’tunderstandyouropinions.(他们会假装不理解你的观点)符合此处的语境，上下文语意连贯。故选B。【17题详解】根据此空的前一句提到“Usingthisgaslightingstrategy,thegaslighterswilltellyoulies.(使用这种煤气灯策略，煤气灯操纵者会告诉你谎话。)”此空后一句提到“Thisismeanttomakeyouquestionyourselfandyourversion(版本)ofevents.(这是为了让你质疑自己和自己对事件的描述。)”由此可知，此空应描述煤气灯操纵者是如何说谎的，E选项Theywilldothisevenwhenyouknowthattheydon’ttellthetruth.(即使你知道他们没说实话，他们也会这样做)符合此处的语境，起到上下文的承上启下作用。故选E。【18题详解】根据此空的后一句“Thegaslighterswillclaimthatthingsdidn’thappenthewaythatthetargetcorrectlyclaims,andwillevenaddondetailsthatneverhappened.(煤气灯操纵者会声称事情并没有按照目标所正确声称的那样发生，甚至会添加从未发生过的细节。)”由此可知，此空应该引出煤气灯操纵者会如何反驳目标，C选项Thistechniquequestionsyourmemoryorversionofevents.(这种技巧会质疑你的记忆或对事件的描述)符合此处的语境，并且选项中的“yourmemoryorversionofevents”与后一句中的“thewaythatthetargetcorrectlyclaims”相呼应。故选C。【19题详解】根据此空的前一句提到“You’rewrong.Youneverrememberthingscorrectly.(你错了。你从来都记不住事情)”由此可知，此空应该是对如何应对煤气灯操纵者给出的建议，G选项Ifyourecognizethesesignsinarelationship,it’simportanttoaddressthem.(如果你在一段关系中认出了这些迹象，解决它们很重要)符合此处的语境，并且引出下文的具体建议。故选G。【20题详解】根据此空的前一句提到“Next,remindyourselfhealthyrelationshipsshouldhavehonesty,trust,andcommunication.(接下来，提醒自己健康的关系应该具备诚实、信任和交流。)”由此可知，此空应该继续描述健康关系应该具备的特质，A选项Theyshouldalsoberespectfulandsupportive.(他们也应该尊重和支持你)符合此处的语境，并且选项中的“they”指代前一句中的“healthyrelationships”。故选A。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。OnedayinNorthCarolina,Kenji“Flash”Bowen,aformerhighschoolathlete,becameahero.Hewasdrivingwithhiswifewhentheyencountereda____21____roadafterastorm.Bowensawapickuptruckontheothersideoftheroad,moving____22____towardstherisingwaters.Hetriedto____23____thedriverwithhiscarlights,butthedriverdidn’t____24____.Soon,thetruckgotstuckinthefloodandstarted____25____towardsadeepditch（沟）.Bowenquicklyjumpedoutofhiscarand____26____intothestrong,fastmovingwater.Hereachedthetruckjustasitbegan____27____.Inside,amanandawomanweretrapped.Theytriedtoopenthecardoors,butthewaterpressuremadeit____28____.Bowenhelpedthewomanclimboutthroughthe____29____,wherehiswifewaswaitingtohelpher.Afterthat,Bowenwentbacktosavethemanandhisdog,pullingbothoutofthetruck.Thewomanwasunharmedbutshaken,_____30_____themanwasinastateofshock.EventhoughBowenwasanoutstanding_____31_____,headmittedthathedidn’tlikeswimmingordeepwater.Butinthisdangeroussituation,his_____32_____thinkingandcouragesavedthecoupleandtheirdogfromdrowning.Aftertherescue,Bowencollapsed（突然坐下）besidetheroad,tiredbut_____33_____.His_____34_____showshowordinarypeoplecanbecomeheroesinlifethreateningmoments._____35_____forthecoupleandtheirdog,Bowenwasfasterthanthedangerousfloodwaters.21.A.dirty B.crowded C.narrow D.flooded22.A.freely B.slowly C.hardly D.carelessly23.A.signal B.follow C.scare D.encourage24.A.hear B.ignore C.notice D.believe25.A.flying B.falling C.rolling D.floating26.A.ran B.jogged C.stepped D.dropped27.A.pullingover B.turningaround C.goingdown D.breakingdown28.A.heavy B.dangerous C.secure D.impossible29.A.door B.window C.bottom D.back30.A.while B.since C.when D.unless31.A.sportsman B.driver C.captain D.rescuer32A.novel B.quick C.critical D.positive33.A.embarassed B.puzzled C.relieved D.disappointed34.A.skill B.talent C.bravery D.determination35.A.Surprisingly B.Amusingly C.Unluckily D.Fortunately【答案】21.D22.B23.A24.C25.D26.A27.C28.D29.B30.A31.A32.B33.C34.C35.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了曾是高中运动员的“闪电侠”鲍恩在一场暴风雨中从被洪水淹没的道路上救出一对夫妇和他们的狗后，成为了北卡罗来纳州的英雄的故事。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：暴风雨过后，他和妻子开车时遇到了一条被水淹没的道路。A.dirty脏的；B.crowded拥挤的；C.narrow狭窄的；D.flooded被淹没的。根据下文“afterastorm”以及“thetruckgotstuckintheflood”由此可知，此处应表示他和妻子开车时遇到了一条被水淹没的道路。故选D项。【22题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：鲍恩看到路的另一边有一辆小货车，正慢慢地驶向上涨的水面。A.freely自由地；B.slowly慢慢地；C.hardly几乎不；D.carelessly粗心地。根据语境以及下文“towardstherisingwaters”由此可知，由于道路被水淹没，此处应表示鲍恩看到路的另一边有一辆小货车，正慢慢地驶向上涨的水面。故选B项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他试图用车灯示意司机，但司机没有注意到。A.signal发出信号，示意；B.follow跟随；C.scare使害怕；D.encourage鼓励。根据上文提到的一辆小货车正慢慢地驶向上涨的水面，以及下文“thedriverwithhiscarlights”由此可知，此处应表示他试图用车灯示意司机。故选A项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他试图用车灯示意司机，但司机没有注意到。A.hear听到；B.ignore忽视；C.notice注意到；D.believe相信。根据上文提到的他试图用车灯示意司机，以及该句中的but转折可知，此处应表示他试图用车灯示意司机，但司机没有注意到。故选C项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：很快，卡车被困在洪水中，开始向一条深沟漂去。A.flying飞；B.falling摔倒；C.rolling滚；D.floating漂流。根据上文“thetruckgotstuckintheflood”结合常识可知，此处应表示卡车被困在洪水中，开始向一条深沟漂去。故选D项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：鲍恩迅速从车里跳了出来，冲进了湍急的河水中。A.ran冲，跑；B.jogged慢跑；C.stepped迈步；D.dropped掉落；根据句意以及下文“thestrong,fastmovingwater”由此可知，此处应表示鲍恩从车里跳了出来，冲进了湍急的河水中。故选A项。【27题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：就在卡车开始下沉时，他到了那里。A.pullingover靠边停车；B.turningaround转过身；C.goingdown下沉；D.breakingdown出故障。根据语境以及上文“Hereachedthetruckjustas…”由此可知，此处应表示就在卡车开始下沉时，他到了那里。故选C项。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们试图打开车门，但水压使他们无法打开。A.heavy重的；B.dangerous危险的；C.secure安全的；D.impossible不可能的。根据上文“Theytriedtoopenthecardoors”提到试图打开车门，以及“butthewaterpressure”由此可知，此处应表示水压使他们无法打开车门。故选D项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：鲍恩帮助那个女人从窗户爬了出去，他的妻子在那里等着帮助她。A.door门；B.window窗户；C.bottom底部；D.back背。根据上文提到的水压使他们无法打开车门，以及下文“wherehiswifewaswaitingtohelpher.”由此可知，此处应表示鲍恩帮助那个女人从窗户爬了出去。故选B项。【30题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：这名女子没有受伤，但受到了惊吓，而这名男子则处于震惊状态。A.while而，与此同时；B.since因为；C.when当……时候；D.unless除非。根