建筑学毕业设计外文翻译

本科生毕业设计外文资料翻译专业 建筑学 班级092班姓名XXX 指导教师XXX所在学院XXX 附件1.外文资料翻译译文；2.外文原文学校建筑规划设计漫谈在校园内的功能和各种需求亦趋向于多元化，在规划、设计中必须要找出一种合适的方法来适应、符合现在及未来的世界潮流需要。1、学校的功能和秩序学校特别是高等学校的功能相对来说是比较复杂的，在规划设计中要充分考虑到学校中的功能分区和教学的秩序，才能做到有合理的设计和良好的规划。教学区是校园的核心，是校园建设中的最关键的部分。学校中的一切其它功能均是围绕其进行的。教学区的布局主要有组团式与网络式两种主要设计方法。组团式便于院系相对独立地组织教学活动与进行管理，更能适应建校周期较长而分期施工的现实。“院落”是是中国传统的建筑布局形式，由建筑所围成的庭院形成社交性的公共空间，也有利于学校中的交流。网络式的发展规划有利于不同的科系在今后的发展中专业更新与规模调整，并可灵活调节教学用房的使用性质，因此被现代的新型校园规划布局所偏爱，它利于目前国内的大学院校、院系合并和学科调整的教学改革大趋势。学生宿舍生活区是大学校园内又一个重要的组成部分，无论改革后学生生活区社会化管理落实的力度有多大，还是由于扩招形式的“不是数着床板招生”的局面到何种程度，在目前的实际情况下，新建的大学校园仍然需要规划好学生生活区的建设。当然要充分考虑到如何便于社会化的管理，有利于形成独立的管理系统，为以后的发展留有可能性。2、学校的交通组织高等学校交通组织中，首要的是要体现以人为本的思想。根据教师、学生的心理及行为方式研究各种道路组织、形态和层次，创造一个满足校园使用者的物质和精神上要求的校园环境。现代校园要求建筑物之间能联络方便、尽量通畅、便捷。为此，各类建筑物的设计，多采用集中式的布局，建筑群体也多以成团的方式组合，尽量减少楼间的距离几交通路线。各个相对独立的区域之间，也尽量打通分割界限，室内外都设有方便的连廊和通道，使建筑群体在整体上能联络通畅，达到提高和保证交通、交流、传递、沟通之最佳的效率。3、学校的环境和可持续发展环境对于人心理的影响，以及反馈对人情绪的感染，都会产生物质的效应。人在良好的环境中，在使人精神振奋的条件下，无疑会更多的诱发思想的灵感和智慧的火花，这对教学、科研的作用虽是无形的，但肯定是有效的。现代的校园的环境设计，应该立足于创造优美高雅有文化的校园环境，以适应人的精神需要，提高人的修养，陶冶人的情操……。如立体绿化、室外美术、雕塑、以及精心设计的叠石、草坪、流水、花丛、石灯及小建筑等，在这极RambleonarchitecturalplanninganddesignsofschoolbuildingsInthecampus,functionsandvariousdemandstendtobediversified,wemustfindawayintheplanninganddesignsofschoolbuildingstoadaptandmeettheneedsofthepresent,thefutureandeventheworld.ThefunctionsandordersofaschoolTheschool,especiallyhighschool'sfunctionisrelativelycomplex.Inordertoachieveareasonabledesignandgoodplanning,weshouldgivefullconsiderationtothezoningintheschoolandorderofteaching.Teachingareaisthecoreofthecampus,whichisthemostimportantpartofthecampusconstruction.Allotherfunctionsintheschoolarecarriedoutaroundit.Thelayoutofteachingareasismainlyformedwithtwokindsofdesignmethods.Oneisthemethodofclusterandtheotheristhemethodofnetworktype.Themethodofclusterfacilitatesthedepartmentstoorganizetheteachingactivitiesandmanagementindependently,whichcanadapttotherealityoflongperiodandstageconstructionintheschoolbuildings.“Courtyard"isthetraditionalChinesearchitecturallayout.Thecourtyardsurroundedwiththebuildingsformssocialpublicspace,whichishelpfulforthecommunicationofschool.Theplanningdevelopmentofthenetworkisconducivetothefuturedevelopmentofprofessionalupdatingandtheadjustmentofscaleindifferentdepartmentsanditcanbeadjustedflexiblyintheuseeoftherealteaching.Soitisanewcampusplanningandlayoutofthemodernpreference.itisconducivetothecurrentdomesticuniversitycolleges,combineddepartmentsandsubjectstoadjusttheteachingreformtrend.Dormitoryareaisanimportantpartoftheuniversitycampus.Nomatterhowmuchthesocialreformeffortsarecarriedoutinthemanagementofstudentslivingareas,orthesituationthat"itisnotamatterofcountingthebedplateenrollment"asenrollmentformtowhatextent.Inthecurrentsituation,thenewuniversitycampusstillneedgoodplanningandconstructionsofstudentslivingzone.Ofcourse,weshouldconsiderhowtofacilitatethesocializationofmanagement,whichisconducivetotheformationofanindependentmanagementsystem,andweshouldmakeitpossibleforfuturedevelopment.2、TrafficorganizationintheschoolItisveryimportanttoembodythepeople-orientedideologyinthetrafficorganizationinthehigherschool.Accordingtothepsychologyandbehaviorofteachersandstudents,thearchitectshouldstudyvariousroadsorganization,formandlevelstocreateacampusenvironmentwhichmeetstherequirementsofthematerialandspiritualcampususers.Moderncampusrequiresthedemandsthatitiseasytocontact,smooth,andconvenientbetweenbuildings.Therefore,thedesignofvariousbuildingsadoptscentralizedlayout.Constructiongroupisagglomerateinordertominimizethedistancebetweenthefloorandtrafficrouts.Eachrelativelyindependentregion,triestogetthroughthesegmentationboundaries.Indoorandoutdoorareequippedwithconvenientcorridorandchannel,whichmakethebuildinggroupscontacteasily,improveandguaranteethetraffic,communication,transportcommunicationinthebestefficiencyingeneral.3、TheenvironmentalandsustainabledevelopmentintheschoolsInfluenceofenvironmentonhumanpsychology,andfeedbackoftheinflectionofemotionaleffectwillproduceasubstance.Peoplewhoareinagoodenvironmentandinthespiritofencouragingmindwillinducemorethinkingandinspirationandsparksofwisdom.Althoughitisinvisibleintheroleofteachingandresearch,itiscertainlyeffective.Environmentaldesignofmoderncampusshouldbebasedonthecreationofbeautifulandelegantcultureofthecampusenvironmentinordertomeetthepeople'sspiritualneeds,toimprovethetrainingofpeopleandfosternoblespirits.Suchasthree-dimensionalgreen,outdoorart,sculpture,andcarefuldesignofthestones,grass,water,flowers,stonelampandsmallbuildings.Inthisextremelyelegantstyle,blendingtraditionalandmodern,toenjoythecampus,howcanthewisdomsparkofteachersandstudentscouldnotunrestrained.Intheschool,inadditiontothenormalteachingandscientificresearch,alotofdiscussionandextensivecommunicationisverynecessary.Allkindsofdiscussionandcommunicationcanbeplannedandorganized.Anditcanalsobenoplanandnoorganization.Butthelatterismoreeffectiveontheparticipantsandtheeffectisenormous.Soweneedtocreateafreeandflexiblecommunicationthatcanadapttoandmeettheteachersandstudents.Suchasplacevarioussettingsintheinteriorandexteriorwhichsuitableforteachersandstudentstostayandrest,andsetplacesforconversationofspaceandcorner,andplacetablesandchairs.Avendingmachineorsmallshopsandcoffeehousecanbeplacedintheconditionalplace.Suchagoodopportunityofcommunicationisbeneficialtomutualexchange,transferandcollisionofallkindsofinformation,intelligenceandknowledgeinordertothesublimationofthewisdom.Themodernschoolbuildingrequiresthattheindividualbuildingstructuresystemandinternalspaceshouldbemoreuniversal,modularandflexibleinordertoadapttothechangingrequirements.Tomeettheneedsofmulti-function,thescaleofclassroomandlaboratoryshouldbelarge,andcanbeuniversalandinterchangeablewithlargecolumnframestructuresystem.Thespeciesarenotsomany,buttheyhavethestrongadaptabilitysoastoensuretheneedsofvariousteachinglinkofthemultipurpose.Intheplanninganddesignofcampus,theprotectionoftheenvironmentandsustainabledevelopmentissuesshouldalsobepaidattentionto.Toestablishthecampusthatnotonlycanmeettheneedsofcontemporarypeople,butalsohavenoharmtothefuturedevelopmentofthecampus.Firstofall,protecttheenvironmentandmaintaintheecologicalbalanceofnaturefrombeginningtoend.Thecampusnotonlyhaveadequategreenspace,butalsopromotethegooddevelopmentofecologicalactively.Suchasitisimportanttokeepcampusbiodiversity,keepthewaterclean,andpromotetheoriginalmountain,wetlandnaturaldevelopment.Makefulluseofsunlight,wind,rainandothernaturalresourcestocreateanewecologicalbalanceandartificialnaturalenvironmentsothatpeoplecanbetterenjoythenatureandreturntonature.4、SingledesignofcampusbuildingCampusbuildingsshouldhavethecharacteristicsandqualityofcampusconstructioninordertoadapttoschoollifeandreflectthenewarchitecturalformsofpsychologicalandenvironmentalbehaviorofstudents.Itisthekeyandgraspofarchitectsandplanners.Campusarchitecturalstylecangiveapersonwithastrongfirstimpression,itisapermanentmemoryfromgenerationtogenerationhasgraduatedstudentsAlthoughtherearemanytypesofcampusbuildingwhichhavetheirowncharacteristicstyles,strengtheningthegroupeffectofbuildingsshouldbepaidattentiontoinordertoseektheunityharmony,andthenseekchangesintheunity.Integrityinthedesignsofthecampusbuildingsshouldbepaidattentiontoinordertoachievegoodresultsofharmonyandunity.Thecampusiscomposedofmultipleparts.Itisunlikelytomakesmoothreadinginaperiodandfromaninvestment.Duetotherestrictionofallaspectsofthecapital,thecampusconstructionoftenisverylong.Itisimportanttomakeroomforthepreparationandimplementationintheplanninganddesign.Atthesametime,thepossibilityoftheirrational