英国文学-米尔顿milton

JohnMilton

(1608—1674)JohnMilton(1608—1674)

thegreatestEnglishrevolutionaryandpuritanpoetofthe17thcenturyHisLifeborninarichpuritanfamilyin1608AttheageoftwelveMiltonwaseducatedatStPaul'sSchool.FiveyearslaterheenteredChrist'sCollege,Cambridge.Aftergraduationin1632,hespent6yearsathisfather’scountryhomeonsolitarystudy.HetraveledinFranceandItalyandreturnedtoLondonin1639.AftertheRevolutionsucceeded,andcommonwealthwasestablished,MiltonbecameLatinSecretarytothecouncilofForeignAffairs.In1652,hebecametotallyblindduetooverwork.WiththeRestorationin1660,Miltonwasimprisoned.Afterhisrelease,hereturnedtothewritingofpoetry.Miltonwasmarriedthreetimes.Milton's

literarycareerTheearlypoeticworks:

L'Allegro,IlPenseroso,andtheelegyLycidas(1637)Themiddleprosepamphlets:

DefensioproPopulo

Anglicano,Areopagitica

Thelastgreatpoems:ParadiseLost(1667),ParadiseRegained(1671)andthepoeticdramaSamsonAgonistes(1671).

ParadiseLost

Introduction:-alongepicin12bookswritteninblankverseThestoriesweretakenfromtheOldTestament

Main

charactersGodtheFather,

GodtheSonSatan,thepowerful,proudangelwholedanunsuccessfulrebellionagainstGodAdamandEve,thefirsthumanbeingsBeelzebubandotherrebelliousangels,leadersinSatan’sarmyArchangel

Raphael

PlotLedbyfreedom-lovingSatan,therebelliousangelsriseagainstGod.SatanchoosestheGardenofEdenforhisbattlefield.HemakeAdamandEvetoolsinhisstruggleagainstGod'sauthority.Godlearnsofhisintentionandsendsthe.Arch-angleRaphaeltowarnAdamandEveofSatan'splan.SatanassumestheshapeofaserpentandpersuadesEvetoeatanapplefromtheforbiddentree.Adamalsoeatone.AdamandEvearebothdeprivedofimmortality,exiledfromParadise.Satan’srebellionagainstGod

SoAdamandEvefallfromgraceAdamandEveliveintheGardenofEdenhappily.

TheserpentgetsEvetoeattheforbiddenfruit.Adamdoesthesame.

TheplotGodcastsSatanintoHellHeturnsintoasnakeAlthoughcentredonthehumandramaofAdamandEve,theheroofthepoemisSatanwhosedescriptioninBook1,soonafterthefall,isreallygreatandpowerful.AlthoughcentredonthehumandramaofAdamandEve,theheroofthepoemisSatanwhosedescriptioninBook1,soonafterthefall,isreallygreatandpowerful.Themes

Maintheme

thestoryofman’sfallSecondarythemes

Pride

itleadstoSatan’sdownfall

Envy

comingfromSatan’sprideRevenge

itmakesSatantemptAdamandEveInfidelity

AdambetraysGodbysidingwithEveDisobedience

AdamandEvedisobeyGodRepentance

AdamandEverepentRedemption

ManisgrantedeternalsalvationthankstothesacrificeoftheSonofGod

Theme

“asserteternalProvidenceandjustifythewaysofGodtoman”Traditionalidea:-MiltonisexposingGod’styrannyandsingingpraiseofSatan’srevoltagainsttheunjustGod.

-Satanistherealheroofthepoem.Presentidea:

TherebelliousspeechbySaranwasanoutpouringofthepoet’spersonalhatredfortherestoredmonarch.Onthewhole,Satanandhisfollowersarecondemnedintheepic.Therealheroismankind.AdamandEvearecreatedaspersonsoffleshandblood.Theyarefullofpassionandhavebothvicesandvirtusofhumanbeings.SamsonAgonistes

力士参孙SamsonwasthemoststrongestoneoftheIsraelites.Hestoodastheirchampionfightingforthefreedomoftheircountry.Buthewasbetrayedbyhiswife.blindedbyhisenemiesthePhilistines.Hemaderevengeuponhisenemiesbypullingdownthetempleuponthemanduponhimself.

失乐园（第1章）

打败了又有什么并不是一切都完了。不屈的意志，复仇的决心，永恒的仇恨，决不低头认输的骨气，都没被压倒，此井还有什么?，他发火也好，用武也好，却永难从我身上夺得胜利的光荣．前不久我这里壮臂高举，震撼了他的帝座，难道现在我却要低声下气，屈膝求饶，把他的权力奉为神圣，那才是卑鄙，才是比打败仗更丢人的耻辱，，既然天神的力量和神仙的体质命窟不灭，又经过这场大变的教训，武器依旧，见识却大为增加，胜利的希望更大了，只要我们下定决心，用武力或计谋同大敌进行水下调和的战争，尽管他瑰在得意洋洋，一人称霸，把持了天堂的权柄．哀失明

想到了在这茫茫黑暗的世界里，

还未到半生这两眼就已失明，

想到了我这个泰伦特，要是埋起来，

会招致死亡，却放在我手里无用，

虽然我一心想用它服务造物主，

免得报账时，得不到他的宽容；

想到这里，我就愚蠢地自问，

"神不给我光明，还要我做日工?"但"忍耐"看我在抱怨，立刻止住我：

"神并不要你工作，或还他礼物。

谁最能服从他，谁就是忠于职守，

他君临万方，只要他一声吩咐，

万千个天使就赶忙在海陆奔驰，

但侍立左右的，也还是为他服务。"

(殷宝书译)SummaryInthissonnet,thespeakermeditatesonthefactthathehasbecomeblind.HeexpresseshisfrustrationatbeingpreventedbyhisdisabilityfromservingGodaswellashedesiresto.Heisansweredby“Patience,”whotellshimthatGodhasmanywhohurrytodohisbidding,anddoesnotreallyneedman'swork.Rather,whatisvaluedistheabilitytobearGod's“mildyoke,”totoleratewhateverGodasksfaithfullyandwithoutcomplaint.Asthefamouslastlinesumsitup,“Theyalsoservewhoonlystandandwait.”ThemeItaddressestheChristianperspectiveofhowtoacceptonesdisabilities.Thewriteriseffectiveindoingso,asheutilizesBiblicalallusions,figurativelanguageandcolorfulconnotation.“OnhisBlindness”wasmeanttobeaninspirationalpoemforthosewhohavedisabilities.

formanItaliansonnetTheoctavepresentedaquestionbytheblindpoetandinthesestetPatienceansweredthepoet'squestion.rhythms