名师原创：Unit3-单元语法详解课件

Unit3Familymatters

单元语法详解

原创

Cao

本单元语法主要涉及常见动词时态的回顾。中学阶段常用时态有：一般现在时；现在进行时；一般过去时；一般将来时；现在完成时；过去完成时。在我们学习英语的过程中，这些时态始终与我们形影不离，成为我们学习过程中的好朋友。“动词时态”再回首◆一般现在时构成：动词原形或动词的第三人称单数形式.(1)表示经常性或习惯性的动作，常与often,usually,always,never,sometimes,everyday,onceamonth等时间状语连用(2)表示普遍存在的真理和客观事实(3)表示按规定或时刻表将要发生的动作，仅限少数动词(短语)，如begin,come,go,leave,start,arrive,end,return,takeoff等(4)一般现在时用于描述主语的性格或能力等(5)在主从复合句中，当描述将来的事情时，主句用将来时，条件状语从句、时间状语从句和让步状语从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时用法归纳：1.Ioftenreadbooksinmysparetime.2.Maryisgoodatmusic.

3.Helikes(like)playingbasketballwhilehisbrotherloves(love)surfingtheInternet.4.Theearthmovesaroundthesun.5.You‘llmakegreatprogressifyouworkhard！6.Thetrainleavesat7：25thisevening.【考点训练】

1.Theearth____________(travel)aroundthesun.2.I'llwritetoherwhenI____________(have)time.3.Timeandtide____________(wait)fornoman.4.Theyalways_____________(care)foreachotherandhelpeachother.5.Tomorrow_____________(be)Wednesday.【例句鉴赏】

travelshavewaitcareis◆现在进行时构成：is/am/are＋现在分词(1)现在进行时表示现在或目前一段时间内正在进行的动作，常与now，atpresent，atthismoment，thesedays，thisweek/month等时间状语连用。(2)现在进行时常与always，continually，constantly，forever等表示频度的副词连用，表示经常、反复发生的动作，常含有厌烦、责备、愤怒、抱怨、赞扬等情感。(3)现在进行时可以表示将来的动作，主要用于表示按计划或安排要发生的动作。常与come，go，leave，depart，arrive，stay，start/begin，lecture，takeoff等动词(词组)连用。【例句鉴赏】用法归纳：1.Alltheclassmatesarereviewingthelessonintheclassroomnow.2.Thesedayswearehelpingthefarmersworkonthefarm.3.Sheisalwaysthinkingofothersinsteadofherself.4.Theboyisconstantlyaskingsuchsillyquestions.5.Mr.SmithisleavingforNanjingtonight.6.Themeetingisbeginningatthreethisafternoon.1.He_______________(work)onapapernow.2.I__________________(meet)Mr.Wangtonight.3.She_____________________(read)ahandbookongardening.4.Thegirl______always__________(talk)loudinpublic.5.Technology_____always_____________(develop)veryfast，soeventhenewestmodelwillbeoutofdatesoon.isworking

ammeeting

isreading

istalking

isdeveloping

【考点训练】◆一般过去时用法归纳(1)一般过去时表示过去某一时刻或者某一段时间发生的动作或者状态。常与then,atthattime,justnow,amomentago,theotherday,inthepast,atonetime,threedaysago,lastyear,yesterday,in2019等时间状语连用。(2)表示过去的习惯动作，常与often,always,usually等表示频度的时间状语连用。(3)有些情况，虽然没有明确表示过去的时间状语，但可根据语境判断出动作发生在过去，应用过去时态。构成：动词过去式【例句鉴赏】Tomwantedtohelpusyesterday,buthewasverybusy.Duringhismiddleschoolyears,heplayedfootballnearlyeveryday.Yourphonenumberagain,please.Ididn'tquitecatchit.1.We________(meet)herinthestreetyesterday.2.Whenhewasyoung,he________(take)coldbathsregularly.3.I______________(notexpect)toseeyoustudyingatthelibrary.4.He________(buy)awatchbutlostit.5.Pahlssonandherhusband________(search)thekitchen,checkingeverycorner,butturnedupnothing.【考点训练】◆一般将来时构成：shall/will＋动词原形，begoingto＋动词原形，be(about)todosth.用法归纳(1)will＋动词原形表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态，常与tomorrow，nextweek,inthefuture,inafewdays等时间状语连用。还可以表示说话时临时做出的决定(2)begoingto表示按计划、打算要做某事，此外，还可以表示根据某些迹象判断将要发生的事情。met

took

didn'texpect

bought

searched1.Asyougothroughthisbook,youwillfindthateachofthemillionsofpeoplewholivedthroughWorldWarⅡhadadifferentexperience.2.IamgoingtomeetMr.Smithattheairportat8：30tonight.3.Lookattheblackclouds!Itisgoingtorain.4.Iwasabouttogotohavedinnerwhenhecalledmeup.5.Wearetomeetattheschoolgateatsixinthemorning.

(3)beabouttodo表示即将发生的将来动作，该结构不与表示具体的将来时间状语连用，多与when连用。(4)betodo表示按照约定、职责、义务或要求等即将发生的动作。还可以表示打算做某事。【例句鉴赏】【考点训练】1.We________(have)ameetingtomorrow.2.Inaword,massmedia________(be)allthemoreimportantinthefutureandtheirfunctionwillenormouslyexpand.3.Ifyou________________________________akeycollege,yourEnglishmustbeexcellent.4.Thesummerholiday________________.I'mgoingtohaveagoodrest.

用法归纳willhave

willbe

aretogoto

iscoming

◆

现在完成时构成：have/has+过去分词.(1)表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，着眼于现在。常与already,Just(刚刚),yet,never,before,lately,recently,inthelast/pastfewyears,uptonow,tillnow,sofar等连用(2)表示从过去某时开始而延续至今的动作或状态，常与for＋一段时间，since＋时间点等表示一段时间的状语连用。(3)在时间或条件状语从句中，现在完成时可代替将来时(4)在“This/Itisthefirst/second...time＋that从句”句式中，that从句一般用现在完成时【例句鉴赏】1.Inthelastfewyears,Chinahasmadegreatachievementsinenvironmentalprotection.2.Hehasworkedhereforovertwentyyears.3.HehaslivedinLondonsince2018.4.Wewon'tstarttheworkuntilallthepreparationshavebeenmade.5.This/ItisthefirsttimethatIhavevisitedtheGreatWall.6.Thisisthemostinterestingfilmthathehaswatched.1.ItisthemostinstructivelecturethatI____________(attend)sinceIcametothisschool.2.ItisthefirsttimethatI______________(be)toBeijing.3.Oneofournumber__________(make)averyinterestingdesignofflooring,whichhaswonaprize.4.Mycousin________________________________foraweek.5.Hemovedherein2017andhe_________________________eversince.【考点训练】haveattended

havebeen

hasmade

hasbeenawayhome

haslivedhere

◆

过去完成时构成：had+过去分词.

用法归纳(1)句中含有by,bytheendof,bythetime,until,before,since等后接表示过去某一时间的短语或从句时，句子常用过去完成时(2)表示未曾实现的希望、打算、意图、诺言等，常用hadhoped/planned/meant/intended/thought/wanted/expected等或用上述动词的过去式接不定式的完成式，即hoped/planned...＋tohavedone(3)“时间名词＋before”在句中作状语，谓语动词用过去完成时；“时间名词＋ago”在句中作状语，谓语动词用一般过去时(4)在hardly/scarcely...when...，nosooner...than...句型中，主句常用过去完成时，表示“一……就……”。当hardly,scarcely,nosooner置于句首时，其后要用部分倒装(5)This/That/Itwasthefirst/second...timethat...(过去完成时)【例句鉴赏】1.Bytheendoflastyear,wehadproduced20，000cars.2.Wehadplannedtofinishtheworkbeforedark,butwewereheldupbyaheavyrain.3.Tomsaidhisfirstteacherhadleftthatschoolatleas