2024-2025学年山东省菏泽市高一上学期10月月考英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1山东省菏泽市2024-2025学年高一上学期10月月考英语试题第Ⅰ卷(选择题95分)第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。AVirtualWinterMathContestPreparationClubregistrationsarenowopen!WinterContestPreparationClub(January10—February3,2023,Online)MathEnrichmentCourses(February7—March3,2023,Online)CourseStreams•ContestCoursesaredesignedtocovercontestquestionsandproblem-solvingstrategies.Instructionsfocusonthefundamentalsofproblemsolvinginfunways,andimprovingskillsinassessinghowtosolveaproblembyrecognizingitstype.•ProgrammingCoursesfocusonexploringtherelationshipbetweenmathandprogramming.Buildingonmathknowledge,solvingmathpuzzles,andlearningprogrammingconcepts,studentsprogramtogethertosolvechallengesandprojects.•EnrichmentCoursesaredesignedforstudentswhoarecomfortableinmathconceptsattheirgradelevelandarelookingforgreaterchallengesandnewwaystostimulatetheirinterestinmath.ProgramFeesandFinancialSupport•OnlineGrades1-8ContestClubandEnrichmentCourses:$225•OnlineGrades9-12ContestClubandEnrichmentCourses:$240+taxIfyouareunabletopayforthefullprogrambecauseyouhavebeenfinanciallyaffected,pleaseapplyforascholarship.Furtherinformationandanapplicationformcanbefoundhere.RefundPolicyThereisa$50administrativefeeforcancellation(取消)requests.Cancellationsmade48hoursbeforethefirstclasswillreceiveafullrefundminustheadministrativefee.Requestsforrefundsafterthedeadlinewillnotbeprocessed.RegistrationToregisterforanyclass,youmustcreateanaccountonourregistrationsystembyclickingthebuttonbelow.1.WhatisthefocusofContestCourses?A.Designingprojects.B.Addressingproblems.C.Improvingmathlevels.D.Graspingprogrammingconcepts.2.Whocanapplyforascholarship?A.Astudentwhoisshortofmoney.B.Astudentwhohasrichmathknowledge.C.Astudentwhoiswellpreparedforthecontest.D.Astudentwhohasanaccountontheregistrationsystem.3.Howmuchcana6thgraderberefundedifhecancelsregistration3daysinadvance?A.$175. B.$190. C.$225. D.$240.【答案】1.B2.A3.A【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了冬季数学竞赛俱乐部的课程安排，项目费用，退费政策等具体情况。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据“ContestCourses”中第一句“ContestCoursesaredesignedtocovercontestquestionsandproblem-solvingstrategies.(竞赛课程旨在涵盖竞赛问题和解决问题的策略等方面)”可知，竞赛课程关注的是解决问题的策略。故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据“ProgramFeesandFinancialSupport”中“Ifyouareunabletopayforthefullprogrambecauseyouhavebeenfinanciallyaffected,pleaseapplyforascholarship.(如果你因为资金的影响无法支付整个项目的费用，可以申请奖学金)”可知，资金短缺的学生可以申请奖学金。故选A项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据“ProgramFeesandFinancialSupport”中“OnlineGrades1-8ContestClubandEnrichmentCourses:$225(1到8年级在线竞赛俱乐部及强化课程费用为225美元)”及“RefundPolicy”中“Thereisa$50administrativefeeforcancellation(取消)requests.Cancellationsmade48hoursbeforethefirstclasswillreceiveafullrefundminustheadministrativefee.Requestsforrefundsafterthedeadlinewillnotbeprocessed.(取消请求需要支付50美元的管理费。在第一节课前48小时取消，将获得扣除管理费的全额退款。截止日期后的退款请求将不予处理)”可知，一位6年级的学生提前三天取消课程会扣除50美元的管理费，他将退回175美元。故选A项。BThestudentarrivedearly,satfrontandcenter,andstoodoutinmyclassroominmorewaysthanone.I’dsaythathewasabout40yearsolderthanhisclassmatesinmyundergraduatecommunicationsclass.Heeagerlyjumpedintoclassdiscussions,withhishumorandwisdomofexperience.Andhewasalwaysrespectfuloftheotherstudents’perspectives,asifeachofthemwereateacher.JerryValenciawalkedinwithasmile—andheleftwithonetoo.“ThesestudentsgavemetheconfidencethatIdidn’tneedtofeelbadaboutmyage,”Valenciasays.Oneday,IspottedValenciaoncampus.Hesaidhewouldhavetostoptakingclassesthatsemesterandreapplyfornextyear.Bythen,hehopedtohaveearnedenoughmoneyandhavehisstudent-loanpapersinorder.Heaskedseriouslywhetherhecouldstillsitinonmycommunicationsclass.Sure,Isaid.Buthewouldn’tgetanycredit.Noproblem,hesaid.Soontherehewasagain,backathisolddesk,jumpingintoourdiscussionsonhowtofindandtellstoriesinLosAngeles—a63-year-oldmanwithasmuchenergyandcuriosityasanyoftheyoungstersinclass.AlotofValencia’sclassmatesapparentlyknewhecouldn’taffordthatsemester’stuitionbutwasstilldoingthehomework.“Hereheis,willinglytakingaclassforthedelightofitandbenefitoflearning,”saysJessicaEspinosa,a25-year-oldjunior.Afterward,IoverheardValenciawantedtostayinschooluntilheearnedamaster’sdegree,butithadtakenhim12yearstofinishcommunitycollege,sohehadalongwaytogo.ThereissomethingsplendidlyunreasonableaboutValencia’sdeterminationtogetafour-yeardegreeandthenamaster’s.Athiscurrentpace,he’llbe90whenhefinallyhangsallthatpaperonthewall.Butthatdoesn’tseemespeciallyrelevant.He’sfoundalltheyouthfulenergyandacademicopportunitystimulating.Valencia’sgradeinmyclassthissemesterwillnotshowuponhistranscripts(成绩单).ButI’mgivinghimanA—andinthemostimportantways,itcounts.4.WhatmadeValenciadifferentfromhisclassmates?A.Hewasrespectfultotheteacher.B.Heactivatedtheclassatmosphere.C.Hewaseagertolearndespitehisage.D.Heoftenputforwarddifferentopinions.5.Accordingtotheauthor,whydidValenciacontinuetoattendclasses?A.Hetreasuredthechanceoflearning.B.Hewishedtoshowhisdetermination.C.Heneededthecreditstofurtherhisstudy.D.HedesiredtohaveanAonhistranscripts.6.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesValencia?A.Modestandindependent. B.Energeticandgenerous.C.Enthusiasticandmotivated. D.Considerateandintelligent.7.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Nopains,nogains. B.Itisnevertoooldtolearn.C.Striketheironwhileitishot. D.Wherethereislife,thereishope.【答案】4.C5.A6.C7.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了一个关于“活到老，学到老”的故事。杰里·瓦伦西亚是一个63岁的大三学生，尽管年龄很大，但他对学习仍然充满热情。在课堂上，他会积极参加讨论，尊重其他同学的观点，很多学生对他的精神充满了敬佩。他并没有足够的钱去支付学费但他仍不放弃，通过工作赚钱，坚持继续完成学业，还要继续读研。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Thestudentarrivedearly,satfrontandcenter,andstoodoutinmyclassroominmorewaysthanone.I’dsaythathewasabout40yearsolderthanhisclassmatesinmyundergraduatecommunicationsclass.(这个学生很早就到了，坐在前排和中间，在我的教室里，他在很多方面都很突出。我得说，他比我本科传播学班上的同学大40岁左右。)”、第三段“Hesaidhewouldhavetostoptakingclassesthatsemesterandreapplyfornextyear.Bythen,hehopedtohaveearnedenoughmoneyandhavehisstudent-loanpapersinorder.Heaskedseriouslywhetherhecouldstillsitinonmycommunicationsclass.(他说他那学期将不得不停止上课，并重新申请明年的课程。到那时，他希望能赚到足够的钱，并把学生贷款文件办妥。他严肃地问我是否还能旁听我的交际课。)”、第六段“Soontherehewasagain,backathisolddesk,jumpingintoourdiscussionsonhowtofindandtellstoriesinLosAngeles—a63-year-oldmanwithasmuchenergyandcuriosityasanyoftheyoungstersinclass.(很快，他又回来了，回到他的旧桌子旁，加入到我们关于如何在洛杉矶寻找和讲述故事的讨论中——一个63岁的男人，和班上任何一个年轻人一样充满活力和好奇心。)”、第七段“AlotofValencia’sclassmatesapparentlyknewhecouldn’taffordthatsemester’stuitionbutwasstilldoingthehomework.(瓦伦西亚的很多同学显然知道他付不起那学期的学费，但他仍然在做作业。)”和“Afterward,IoverheardValenciawantedtostayinschooluntilheearnedamaster’sdegree,butithadtakenhim12yearstofinishcommunitycollege,sohehadalongwaytogo.(后来，我无意中听到瓦伦西亚想留在学校直到获得硕士学位，但他花了12年时间才完成社区大学学业，所以他还有很长的路要走。)”可知，瓦伦西亚与他的同学的不同之处在于：尽管他年纪大了，但他渴望学习。故选C。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“AlotofValencia’sclassmatesapparentlyknewhecouldn’taffordthatsemester’stuitionbutwasstilldoingthehomework.“Hereheis,willinglytakingaclassforthedelightofitandbenefitoflearning,”saysJessicaEspinosa,a25-year-oldjunior.(瓦伦西亚的许多同学显然知道他付不起那学期的学费，但他仍在做作业。25岁的大三学生杰西卡·埃斯皮诺萨说：“他来了，为了学习的乐趣和益处，他很乐意去上课。”)”可知，瓦伦西亚继续上课是因为他得到了学习的乐趣，珍惜学习的机会。故选A。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Heeagerlyjumpedintoclassdiscussions,withhishumorandwisdomofexperience.(他以他的幽默和经验智慧，热情地参加了课堂讨论。)”可知，瓦伦西亚很热情；由倒数第二段中的“AlotofValencia’sclassmatesapparentlyknewhecouldn’taffordthatsemester’stuitionbutwasstilldoingthehomework.“Hereheis,willinglytakingaclassforthedelightofitandbenefitoflearning,”saysJessicaEspinosa,a25-year-oldjunior.(瓦伦西亚的许多同学显然知道他付不起那学期的学费，但他仍在做作业。25岁的大三学生杰西卡·埃斯皮诺萨说：“他来了，为了学习的乐趣和益处，他很乐意去上课。”)”可知，63岁交不起学费的瓦伦西亚，为了学习的乐趣仍继续上课，说明他很上进；他是一个热情、上进的人。故选C。【7题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，本文讲述了一个关于“活到老，学到老”的故事。杰里·瓦伦西亚是一个63岁的大三学生，尽管年龄很大，但他对学习仍然充满热情。在课堂上，他会积极参加讨论，尊重其他同学的观点，很多学生对他的精神充满了敬佩。他没有足够的钱去支付学费但他仍不放弃，通过工作赚钱，坚持继续完成学业，还要继续读研。可得出这篇文章主要告诉我们“Itisnevertoooldtolearn.(活到老，学到老。)”的道理。故选B。CScientistshaveshownhowplantscanprotectthemselvesagainstgenetic(基因的)damagecausedbyenvironmentalstresses.Thegrowingtipsofplantrootsandshootshaveanin-builtmechanism(机制)thatspellscelldeathifDNAdamageisdetected,avoidingpassingonfaultyDNA.Plantshavesmallpopulationsofstemcells(干细胞)atthetipsoftheirrootsandshoots,whichenablethemtocontinuouslygrowandproducenewtissuesthroughouttheirlifetime.Thesestemcellsserveasancestorsforplanttissuesandorgans.However,anygeneticfaultspresentinthestemcellswillcontinuetoexistandbepassedonpermanentlythroughouttheplant’slife,whichcouldlastthousandsofyears.Giventhecriticalroleofstemcellsandtheirexposuretopotentiallydangerousenvironmentsatthegrowingtipsofrootsandshoots,safeguardsarenecessarytopreventstemcellfaultsfrombecomingfixed.ResearchersNickFulcherandRobertSablowski,fundedbytheBiotechnologyandBiologicalSciencesResearchCouncil,aimedtouncovertheseprotectivemechanisms.ThroughexperimentsinvolvingX-raysandchemicals,theydiscoveredthatstemcellsweremoresensitivetoDNAdamagecomparedtoothercells.WhenDNAdamageoccurs,thecellshavethecapacitytodetectitandcauseprogrammedcellstodie,preventingthepropagationofthedamagedgeneticcodetotherestoftheplanttissues.Thisprocesshassimilaritiestothesafeguardmechanismfoundinanimalcells,whichhasbeenbroadlystudiedduetoitsrelevanceinpreventingcancer.Theidentificationofasimilarprotectivesysteminplantsisofgreatinterestinthefieldofplantdevelopment.Italsohelpsscientistsdevelopplantsthatcanbetterhandleenvironmentalstress.Soknowledgeofhowplantsdealwiththesestressesisoffundamentalsignificancetoagriculturalscience’sresponsetoclimatechange.8.Whatisthefunctionofthein-builtmechanisminplants?A.Toproducemorerootsandshoots. B.Toincreasetheoveralllifetimeoftheplant.C.Toenhanceplantgrowthandnutrientintake. D.Tostopgeneticfaultsinstemcellspassingon.9.Whatcanweknowaboutstemcellsinplantsaccordingtothetext?A.Theyarerelativelyabundantinquantity. B.Theyareresistanttoenvironmentalstresses.C.TheymakequickresponsetoDNAdamage. D.TheyhavetheabilitytorepairdamagedDNA.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“propagation”inparagraph4mean?A.Spread. B.Change. C.Existence. D.Self-repair.11.Whatdoesthelastparagraphfocuson?A.Thewayofdealingwithclimatechangeontheearth.B.Thesignificanceofidentifyingtheprotectivesysteminplants.C.Themethodofensuringplantsurvivalunderenvironmentalstress.D.Theurgencyofdevelopingplantsthatcanhandleenvironmentalstress.【答案】8.D9.C10.A11.B【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了科学家们已经展示了植物如何保护自己免受环境压力造成的遗传损害，即植物拥有内建机制，来阻止干细胞中的基因缺陷遗传下去。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Thegrowingtipsofplantrootsandshootshaveanin-builtmechanism(机制)thatspellscelldeathifDNAdamageisdetected,avoidingpassingonfaultyDNA.(植物的根和芽的生长尖端有一个内置的机制，如果检测到DNA损伤，就会导致细胞死亡，从而避免将有缺陷的DNA传递给下一代)”可知，植物内建机制的功能是阻止干细胞中的基因缺陷遗传下去。故选D。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“ThroughexperimentsinvolvingX-raysandchemicals,theydiscoveredthatstemcellsweremoresensitivetoDNAdamagecomparedtoothercells.(通过涉及x射线和化学物质的实验，他们发现干细胞比其他细胞对DNA损伤更敏感)”可知，植物中的干细胞对DNA损伤做出快速反应。故选C。【10题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“WhenDNAdamageoccurs,thecellshavethecapacitytodetectitandcauseprogrammedcellstodie,preventingthe”以及后文“ofthedamagedgeneticcodetotherestoftheplanttissues”可知，当DNA受损时，细胞有能力检测到它，并导致程序化细胞死亡，防止受损的遗传密码传播到植物组织的其他部分。故划线词意思是“传播”。故选A。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Theidentificationofasimilarprotectivesysteminplantsisofgreatinterestinthefieldofplantdevelopment.Italsohelpsscientistsdevelopplantsthatcanbetterhandleenvironmentalstress.Soknowledgeofhowplantsdealwiththesestressesisoffundamentalsignificancetoagriculturalscience’sresponsetoclimatechange.(在植物中发现类似的保护系统在植物发育领域具有重要意义。它还帮助科学家培育出能够更好地应对环境压力的植物。因此，了解植物如何应对这些压力对农业科学应对气候变化具有重要意义)”可知，最后一段的重点是识别植物保护系统的意义。故选B。DWhenImentionedtosomefriendsthatweallhaveaccents,mostofthemproudlyreplied,“Well,IspeakperfectEnglish/Chinese.”Butthiskindofreplymissesthepoint.Moreoftenthannot,whatwemeanwhenwesaysomeone“hasanaccent”isthattheiraccentisdifferentfromthelocalone,orthattheirpronunciationsaredifferentfromourown.Butthisunderstandingofaccentsislimitingandcouldgiverisetoprejudice(偏见).Funnilyenough,inthelanguagestudy,everypersonspeakswithanaccent.Itistheregulardifferencesinhowweproducesoundsthatdecideouraccents.Evenifyoudon’thearityourself,youspeakwithsomesortofaccent.Inthissense,it’spointlesstopointoutthatsomeone“hasanaccent”.Wealldo!Everypersonspeaksadialect(方言),too.Inthefieldoflanguagestudy,adialectisaversionofalanguagethatischaracterizedbyitsvariationsofstructure,phrasesandwords.Forinstance,“Yougoteatornot?”(meaning“Haveyoueaten?”)isanacceptableandunderstoodquestioninSingaporeOralEnglish.ThefactthatthisexpressionwouldcauseastandardAmericanEnglishspeakertostopforawhiledoesn’tmeanthatSingaporeOralEnglishis“wrong”or“ungrammatical”.Thesentenceiswell-formedandclearlycommunicative,accordingtonativeSingaporeEnglishspeakers’solidsystemofgrammar.Whyshoulditbewrongjustbecauseit’sdifferent?Weneedtomovebeyondanarrowunderstandingofaccentsanddialects–forthegoodofeveryone.Languagedifferencesliketheseprovideinsights(深刻见解)intopeople’sculturalexperiencesandbackgrounds.Inaglobalage,thewayonespeaksisadistinctpartofwhotheyare.Mostpeoplewouldbehappytotalkabouttheculturesbehindtheirspeech.We’dlearnmoreabouttheworldweliveinandmakefriendsalongtheway.12.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofsomefriends’replyinparagraph1?A.It’simpoliteandwrong. B.Itshowstheirlanguagelevels.C.Itreflectstheirself-confidence. D.Itmissestherealmeaningofaccents.13.WhydoestheauthorusetheexampleofSingaporeOralEnglish?A.Toprovedialectsareacceptable. B.ToshowvarioustypesofEnglish.C.Tocorrectagrammaticalmistake. D.Toencouragemorechangestolanguages.14.Whatdoestheauthormostlywantustodointhelastparagraph?A.Tolearntospeakwithourlocaldialects.B.Totreasurethevalueofaccentsanddialects.C.Tohavefriendswithdifferentaccentsanddialects.D.Tohaveabetterunderstandingofpeople’sexperiences.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthispassage?A.EveryoneHasanAccent B.StandardEnglishIsatRiskC.DialectsLeadtoMisunderstanding D.AccentsTellEverythingaboutYou【答案】12.D13.A14.B15.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。主要论述的是语言差异可以帮助人们洞察他人的文化经历和背景，因此我们要欣赏口音和方言的价值。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据首段中的“WhenImentionedtosomefriendsthatweallhaveaccents,mostofthemproudlyreplied,“Well,IspeakperfectEnglish/Chinese.”Butthiskindofreplymissesthepoint.(当我向一些朋友提到我们都有口音时，他们中的大多数人自豪地回答说：“嗯，我的英语/汉语说得很好。”但这种回答没有抓住要点。)”可知，作者在向朋友提到每人都有口音时，他们的回答没有切中要点，由此可知，作者认为他/她的朋友忽略了口音的真正含义。故选D项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Everypersonspeaksadialect(方言),too.Inthefieldoflanguagestudy,adialectisaversionofalanguagethatischaracterizedbyitsvariationsofstructure,phrasesandwords.(每个人也说一种方言。在语言研究领域，方言是一种语言，其特点是其结构，短语和单词的变体。)”可知，方言也是一种语言，只是其结构、短语和单词发生了一些改变，每个人都在说着方言，进而在下文中列举了新加坡英语口语，结合下文中的“Thesentenceiswell-formedandclearlycommunicative,accordingtonativeSingaporeEnglishspeakers’solidsystemofgrammar.Whyshoulditbewrongjustbecauseit’sdifferent?(根据新加坡英语使用者坚实的语法体系，这个句子结构良好，沟通清晰。为什么仅仅因为它不同就应该是错误的？)”可知，作者认为不能因为它不同就认为它是错的，它仍然在被人们使用，综上信息可知，作者使用新加坡口语的例子是在为了证明方言是可以接受的。故选A项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据尾段中的“Languagedifferencesliketheseprovideinsights(深刻见解)intopeople’sculturalexperiencesandbackgrounds.(像这样的语言差异可以洞察人们的文化经历和背景。)”可知，通过语言的差异可以洞察人们的文化经历和背景，结合下文中的“Mostpeoplewouldbehappytotalkabouttheculturesbehindtheirspeech.We’dlearnmoreabouttheworldweliveinandmakefriendsalongtheway.(大多数人都乐于谈论他们语言背后的文化。我们会更多地了解我们生活的世界，并在这一过程中结交朋友。)”可知，大多数人都乐于谈论它们语言背后的文化，这样会让我们更多的了解我们生活的世界，也就是说在口音和方言有其存在的价值和意义，由此可知，作者在最后一段中建议我们欣赏口音和方言的价值。故选B项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据首段“WhenImentionedtosomefriendsthatweallhaveaccents,mostofthemproudlyreplied,“Well,IspeakperfectEnglish/Chinese.”Butthiskindofreplymissesthepoint.(当我向一些朋友提到我们都有口音时，他们中的大多数人自豪地回答说：“嗯，我的英语/汉语说得很好。”但这种回答没有抓住要点。)”可知，作者利用自己的经历引出本文讲述的话题——人们对有口音的理解，结合尾段中的“Weneedtomovebeyondanarrowunderstandingofaccentsanddialects–forthegoodofeveryone.Languagedifferencesliketheseprovideinsights(深刻见解)intopeople’sculturalexperiencesandbackgrounds.(为了每个人的利益，我们需要超越对口音和方言的狭隘理解。像这样的语言差异提供了对人们的文化经历和背景的洞察。)”可知，作者建议我们超越对口音和方言的狭隘理解，语言的差异通可以帮助我们洞察他人的文化经历和背景，综合以上信息可知，本文应该介绍的是人们都有口音，而且每种口音和方言都有其价值，作者建议欣赏口音和方言的价值，所以本文的题目为“每人都有口音”涵盖了本文的内容，且可以概括本文的主题。故选A项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。WhyisChineseaGoodLanguagetoLearnIfthere’sonelanguageintheworldthat’sworthlearning,it’stheChineselanguage.Youmustbewonderingwhy.____16____Gainthejobopportunities.Withthesteadydevelopmentfordecades,Chinahasbecomethesecondlargesteconomicpowerintheworldwhilekeepingcloselyconnectedwiththewest.____17____Ithelpsalotifyou’relookingtoworkinacareerthatinvolvesdealingwithChinesebuyersorsuppliers.Knowaboutthehistoryandculture.____18____Infact,Chinahashadasignificantsayinthehistoryoftheworld.It’sagreedthatfourgreatinventions—namelypaper-making,printing,gunpowderandthecompass—madetheirwayfromChinatoEuropeviathefamousSilkRoad.ToreallyunderstandthecontributionofthispartoftheworldandhaveadeepinsightintothehistoryofAsia,speakingthelanguagecanbebeneficial.____19____Chineseliterature,bothancientandmodern,comesfromanentirelydifferentculturalbackgroundthanliteraturewrittenintheWest.Toreallyappreciateit,however,youhavetoreaditintheoriginallanguage.ManyworksofChineseliteraturehaven’tbeentranslatedintoEnglish,soyouhavenochoicebuttoenjoythemastheystand.IfyouwanttounderstandmodernChina,learningtheChineselanguageisvital.Enjoythefood.InBritain,we’refamiliarwithChinesefood—oratleast,aWesternizedversionofit.BylearningtheChineselanguage,you’llstarttounderstandexactlywhatallofthosewordsonthemenumean.Intime,youmightfeelmorecomfortableorderingsomethingthat’salittlebitlessfamiliar.____20____A.Translatetheliterature.B.Appreciatetheliterature.C.Herecomeafewgoodreasonstolearnthelanguage.D.Therefore,theabilitytospeakChineselanguageisprettyvaluable.E.Chinaishometothehistoryandculturethatrunsforthousandsofyears.F.YoumightevendevelopanappreciationforChinesecuisineforitsvarieties.G.Chineseculturehashadagreatinfluenceontheworldforthousandsofyears.【答案】16.C17.D18.E19.B20.F【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了学习汉语的原因及其好处。【16题详解】前文“Ifthere’sonelanguageintheworldthat’sworthlearning,it’stheChineselanguage.Youmustbewonderingwhy.(如果说世界上有一种语言值得学习，那就是汉语。你一定想知道为什么)”讲述了你要明白为什么汉语值得学习，后文分段讲述了学习汉语的好处，由此可知，空处应承上启下，引出学习汉语的好理由，C项“以下是学习这门语言的几个好理由。”符合题意。故选C。【17题详解】前文“Withthesteadydevelopmentfordecades,Chinahasbecomethesecondlargesteconomicpowerintheworldwhilekeepingcloselyconnectedwiththewest.(经过几十年的稳步发展，中国已成为世界第二大经济体，同时与西方保持着密切联系)”讲述了中国经济发展迅速，与西方有着密切联系，空处应指出会说汉语所具有的价值，D项“因此，说中文的能力是很有价值的。”符合题意，且与下文“Ithelpsalotifyou’relookingtoworkinacareerthatinvolvesdealingwithChinesebuyersorsuppliers.(如果你想从事与中国买家或供应商打交道的事业，这会有很大帮助)”衔接顺畅，It指代选项中的“theabilitytospeakChineselanguage”。故选D。【18题详解】本段主旨句“Knowaboutthehistoryandculture.(了解历史和文化)”指出学习汉语可以帮助了解历史和文化，后文“Infact,Chinahashadasignificantsayinthehistoryoftheworld.(事实上，中国在世界历史上有着重要的发言权)”讲述了中国对世界历史有着重要作用，由此可知，空处应是说中国有着丰厚的历史和文化，E项“中国拥有数千年的历史和文化。”符合题意。故选E。【19题详解】空处是本段主旨句。根据下文“Toreallyappreciateit,however,youhavetoreaditintheoriginallanguage.ManyworksofChineseliteraturehaven’tbeentranslatedintoEnglish,soyouhavenochoicebuttoenjoythemastheystand.IfyouwanttounderstandmodernChina,learningtheChineselanguageisvital.(然而，要真正欣赏它，你必须用原文阅读。许多中国文学作品还没有翻译成英文，所以你别无选择，只能按原样欣赏它们。如果你想了解现代中国，学习中文至关重要)”可知，本段主要讲述了学习汉语对于欣赏中国文学作品的重要性，B项“鉴赏文学。”符合题意。故选B。【20题详解】根据本段主旨句“Enjoythefood.(享受食物)”可知，本段主要讲述了学习汉语对享受美食的重要性。前文“Intime,youmightfeelmorecomfortableorderingsomethingthat’salittlebitlessfamiliar.(随着时间的推移，你可能会觉得点一些不太熟悉的东西会更舒服)”讲述了学习汉语后你可以慢慢点一些不太熟悉的食物，空处应进一步说学习汉语对尝试中国美食的影响，F项“你甚至可能会开始欣赏中国菜的不同品种。”符合题意，even表示递进。故选F。第三部分完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。TaylorHashdesiredtobecomeacareerpilotandshewasundertraining.Oneday,shehadjuststartedbuildinguphoursofflighttimewhena_____21_____struck.AssheguidedtheDiamondStarplaneofftherunwayatairport,onherthird-everindependent_____22_____,thefronttyreofherplanefelloff.Taylorwas_____23_____atthatpointthatshehadjustlostcruciallandingequipment.“Ididn’tfeelanythingonthetake-off_____24_____”shesaid._____25_____pilotChrisYates,though,sawsomethingandimmediatelytookaction.HeknewthatTaylorwouldhavetomakeadifficultemergencylanding.He_____26_____thecontroltowerandsaid,“TheDiamondStarthatjusttookofflostitsnosewheeltyreontherunway.”YatesaskedpeopletheretoputhimthroughtoTaylorsohecouldhelpher.WhenTaylorlearnedwhathadhappened,shewasin_____27_____.____28____,YatesknewthatthemostimportantthingwouldbetokeepTaylorcalmsoshecouldfollowhim_____29_____.YatesstartedbyreassuringTaylorandtoldherthatshecould_____30_____abovethefielduntilshewasreadytoland.“Whenyoutouchdown,Ijustwantthatstickallthewayback.You’regonnaholdthatstickbacklikeyoudon’twantthatnosetotouch,”he_____31_____her.Despitefeelingunsure,TaylortrustedYates.Withpalmssweatyandlips_____32_____,Taylorsuccessfullycreateabestlandingchance.Ultimately,shestrainedeverynervetomanagetoland_____33_____.NosoonerhadYatesextendedhisarmsthanTaylorhuggedhimtightlywithtearsof_____34_____rollingdowncheeks.Yatessmiled,pattedonhershoulderandencouraged,“itwasyourexcellentskillthathelpyourself_____35_____theemergencysuccessfully.Iamsoproudofyou.”21.A.event B.disaster C.fantasy D.consequence22.A.trip B.slide C.mission D.practice23.A.ignorant B.clear C.unaware D.conscious24.A.process B.progress C.switch D.flow25.A.Calm B.Strange C.Experienced D.Warm-hearted26.A.controlled B.socialized C.radioed D.reported27.A.sorrow B.thrill C.panic D.surprise28.A.While B.Otherwise C.Therefore D.Nevertheless29.A.timely B.quietly C.apparently D.attentively30.A.wait B.pause C.touch D.circle31.A.blamed B.instructed C.described D.explained32.A.opening B.widening C.swinging D.trembling33.A.narrowly B.smoothly C.correctly D.quickly34.A.terror B.regret C.delight D.gratitude35.A.dealwith B.tearapart C.takeup D.leaveout【答案】21.B22.C23.C24.A25.C26.C27.C28.D29.D30.D31.B32.D33.B34.D35.A【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了飞行员泰勒·哈希在执行飞行任务的时候，飞机前轮突然脱落，多亏了经验丰富的飞行员克里斯·耶茨，他冷静地指导泰勒，最终让泰勒安全着陆。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一天，她刚开始积攒飞行时间，突然发生了一场灾难。A.event事件；B.disaster灾难；C.fantasy想象；D.consequence结果。根据后文“thefronttyreofherplanefelloff”可知，飞机上的前轮脱落了，所以是发生了灾难。故选B。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她驾驶钻石之星飞机离开机场跑道时，这是她第三次独立执行任务，她的飞机前轮胎脱落了。A.trip绊倒；B.slide滑动；C.mission任务；D.practice实践。根据上文“TaylorHashdesiredtobecomeacareerpilotandshewasundertraining.(泰勒·哈希希望成为一名职业飞行员，她正在接受训练)”可知，指泰勒·哈希在执行第三次飞行任务。故选C。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：泰勒当时并没有意识到她刚刚失去了关键的着陆设备。A.ignorant无知的；B.clear清楚的；C.unaware不知道的；D.conscious有意识的。根据后文“Ididn’tfeelanything”可知，她没有意识到飞机上丢失了前轮。故选C。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“在起飞的过程中我没有任何感觉，”她说。A.process过程；B.progress进步；C.switch开关；D.flow流动。根据上文“sheguidedtheDiamondStarplaneofftherunwayatairport”可知，当时她正在起飞，但是在起飞过程中她没有发现前轮脱落了。故选A。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，经验丰富的飞行员克里斯·耶茨看到了一些情况，并立即采取了行动。A.Calm平静的；B.Strange奇怪的；C.Experienced熟练的；D.Warm-hearted热心的。根据后文“pilotChrisYates,though,sawsomethingandimmediatelytookaction”以及后文耶茨沉着应对事故的描述可知，耶茨是一个经验丰富的飞行员。故选C。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他用无线电呼叫塔台说：“刚起飞的钻石之星在跑道上失去了前轮轮胎。”A.controlled控制；B.socialized社交；C.radioed无线电发送；D.reported报告。根据后文“thecontroltower”以及当时在飞机上，所以是用无线电呼叫塔台。故选C。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：泰勒得知所发生的事情后，惊慌失措。A.sorrow悲伤；B.thrill激动；C.panic恐慌；D.surprise惊讶。根据后文“keepTaylorcalm”可知，泰勒当时惊慌失措了。故选C。【28题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，耶茨知道最重要的是让泰勒保持冷静，这样她才能专心地跟着他。A.While当……时候；B.Otherwise否则；C.Therefore因此；D.Nevertheless然而。结合前后文语境可知，泰勒当时惊慌失措，然而，耶茨知道最重要的是让泰勒保持冷静，这样她才能专心地跟着他。Nevertheless表示“然而”符合语境，故选D。【29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，耶茨知道最重要的是让泰勒保持冷静，这样她才能专心地跟着他。A.timely及时地；B.quietly安静地；C.apparently显然；D.attentively专注地。根据上文“keepTaylorcalmsoshecouldfollowhim”让泰勒保持冷静的目的是为了让她专心听耶茨指挥，让飞机安全着陆。故选D。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：耶茨开始安慰泰勒，告诉她可以在场地上空盘旋，直到准备着陆。A.wait等待；B.pause暂停；C.touch触碰；D.circle盘旋。根据后文“abovethefielduntilshewasreadytoland”可知，above表示在上面，指飞机在场地上空盘旋。故选D。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“你要把那根杆子往后推，就像你不想让机头碰到一样，”他指示她。A.blamed责备；B.instructed指示；C.described描述；D.explained解释。根据上文“Whenyoutouchdown,Ijustwantthatstickallthewayback.You’regonnaholdthatstickbacklikeyoudon’twantthatnosetotouch”内容可知，耶茨当时在指示泰勒如何安全降落。故选B。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：手心冒汗，嘴唇颤抖，泰勒成功地创造了一个最佳的落地机会。A.opening打开；B.widening变宽；C.swinging摆动；D.trembling颤抖。根据上文“palmssweatyandlips”可知，经历了这一重大事件，泰勒十分紧张害怕，手心冒汗，嘴唇颤抖，故选D。【33题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，她竭尽全力设法平稳着陆。A.narrowly勉强地；B.smoothly顺利地；C.correctly正确地；D.quickly快速地。根据上文“Taylorsuccessfullycreateabestlandingchance.”可知，泰勒竭尽全力设法平稳着陆了。故选B。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：耶茨刚伸出双臂，泰勒就紧紧地抱住了他，感激的泪水顺着脸颊滚落下来。A.terror恐惧；B.regret后悔；C.delight高兴；D.gratitude感激。根据上文可知，多亏了耶茨冷静地指挥，泰勒才能平安降落，所以耶茨刚伸