2024-2025学年广东省肇庆市端州区高三上学期第一次检测英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1广东省肇庆市端州区2024--2025学年高三上学期第一次检测英语试题第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATodiscoverabreathtakingenclaveofChina’snaturalbeautyandtoimmerseyourselfinChinesereligiousandculturalhistory,onecanfindnobetterplacetovisitthanDinghuMountainScenicArea,whichislocatedinZhaoqingCity,GuangdongProvince.DinghuMountainNationalNatureReserveDinghuMountainisanaturepreserveinChinaknownforitsdiverseplants,animals,andbirdspecies,includingmanyunderstateprotection.IthasbeenaUNESCOInternationalManandBiosphereReserve(生物圈保护区)since1956,attractingscientistsfromallovertheworld.WhentoGoThereservewasfoundedlargelyfortheprotectionofevergreenrainforeststhatliveofftheannualmonsoons(雨季).TherainscomeinAprilandstaytillJune,withtyphoonseasonfollowinginJulyandtypicallyseeingfourtyphoonsbeforetheendofSeptember.ThisleavesthetouristfromOctoberthroughMarchtovisitifheorshewishestostaydry.Bringaslicker(防水衣)ifitisthewetseasonandsunscreenifitissummer.WildlifeThereserve’splantandanimallifevarybyaltitude,offeringnumerousmini-habitats.Themountainhasevergreenandbroadleafforeststhatcover80%oftheterrain.Withouttheannualrains,itwoulddryupanddie,butit’satoweringjungleoflifewithmanymedicinalplants.LearnaboutChina’shistoryandbiospheresbeforearrivingtoappreciatethisnationaltreasuremore.SignuptousBethefirsttoreceiveexcitingupdates,exclusivepromotions,andvaluabletraveltipsfromourteamofexperts.1.Whichofthefollowingthingsarenotmentionedinthepassage?A.Naturalsituation. B.Naturalcondition.C.Sceneryaddress. D.Buddhisttemple.2.Whatcanwelearnaboutthesplendidlandscape?A.Themountaincanmaintainitsvitalitythankstotherains.B.ThelocalcertificationwasapprovedbyaChineseinstitution.C.Itisadvisabletoholduparaincoatduringthedryseason.D.TheadequateperiodtocomeintothesceneryisinJuly.3.Whatisthetext?A.Ageographytext B.Atouristnewsletter.C.Anewsannouncement. D.Asceneryintroduction.【答案】1.D2.A3.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章详细描述了鼎湖山的自然风光、地理位置、最佳游览时间以及丰富的野生动植物资源。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“TodiscoverabreathtakingenclaveofChina’snaturalbeautyandtoimmerseyourselfinChinesereligiousandculturalhistory,onecanfindnobetterplacetovisitthanDinghuMountainScenicArea,whichislocatedinZhaoqingCity,GuangdongProvince.(要发现中国令人惊叹的自然美景，并沉浸在中国的宗教和文化历史中，没有比位于广东省肇庆市的鼎湖山风景名胜区更好的去处了)”可知，文章提到了鼎湖山风景名胜区的“风景地址（Sceneryaddress）”；根据DinghuMountainNationalNatureReserve部分中“DinghuMountainisanaturepreserveinChinaknownforitsdiverseplants,animals,andbirdspecies,includingmanyunderstateprotection.(鼎湖山是中国的一个自然保护区，以其多样的植物、动物和鸟类物种而闻名，其中包括许多受国家保护的物种)”可知，文章提到了鼎湖山的“自然条件（Naturalcondition）”和“自然状况（Naturalsituation）”；文章没有提到“佛教寺庙（Buddhisttemple）”。故选D项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Wildlife部分中“Withouttheannualrains,itwoulddryupanddie,butit’satoweringjungleoflifewithmanymedicinalplants.(如果没有每年的雨水，它将会干枯而死，但它是一个高耸的生命丛林，拥有许多药用植物)”可知，鼎湖山能够保持其生机是因为雨水。故选A项。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“TodiscoverabreathtakingenclaveofChina’snaturalbeautyandtoimmerseyourselfinChinesereligiousandculturalhistory,onecanfindnobetterplacetovisitthanDinghuMountainScenicArea,whichislocatedinZhaoqingCity,GuangdongProvince.(要发现中国令人惊叹的自然美景，并沉浸在中国的宗教和文化历史中，没有比位于广东省肇庆市的鼎湖山风景名胜区更好的去处了)”以及全文对鼎湖山风景名胜区的详细介绍可知，本文是一篇旅游景点的介绍。故选D项。BNestledintheheartofamountainvillageinChina’sGuizhouprovince,thereisauniqueecologicalfamilyfarm.ItisrunbyKevinCillen,a28-year-oldBelgianwhoispassionateabouttheland.Withhisparentsandsiblings,theyhavecombinedWesternfarmingtechniqueswithlocalcountrysidepracticestocultivatean“ecologicaloasis”.Thefamily’spursuitoftheirfarmingdreaminChinabeganin2000,whenKevin’smotherHettyCillenvisitedChinaasavolunteerforthefirsttime.TheenchantinglandscapesandrichculturalheritageofGuizhoufascinatedher,causinghertomakethisforeigncountryherhome.Soonafter,hisfatherPatrickJanCillenjoinedher.In2017,thefamilyrentedaplotamidtheforesttoestablishanecologicalfarmwheretheylaidthefoundation,levelingtheland,sowingpasturesandrearinglambsandchicks.Thelocalshaveopenlyembracedtheforeigners,invitingthemtofestivitiesandcelebratingtraditionalChineseholidaystogether.In2018,YangChengkai,a34-year-oldvillager,befriendedthefamily,oftenassistingthemonthefarm.“Thecommunityhasembracedthisfamily.Eventhevendorsatthelocalmarketcontributebygivingthemvegetablescrapsforfreetofeedtheirlivestock.”Yangsays.Thefamilyfarm,hiddenwithinthedenseforest,isproofofGuizhou’secologicalprogress.Thefarmpracticesdiversifiedgrasscultivationforhigh-qualityanimalfeed,usessolarpanelsforcleanenergyandemploysrainwaterharvestingsystemsforastablewatersupply.LivinginChina,the28-year-oldBelgianhaswitnessedthecountry’sremarkablechanges.HehasalsoseizedtheopportunitiesoftheInternetandnewmediatoincreasethefarm’svisibility.PartneringwithQiuYe,asocialmediainfluencer,hehassetupaccountslike“Kevin’sfamilyinGuizhou”onvariousplatforms.BysharingtheirdailylivesonthefarmandthenaturalbeautyofruralChina,theircontenthasquicklyearnedover700,000subscribers.4.WhatmadeHettyCillendecidetosettleinGuizhou?A.Thenaturalbeauty. B.Volunteerwork.C.Aresearchproject. D.Careerprospects.5.HowdoesthefamilyfarmcontributetoecologicalprogressinGuizhou?A.Bycreatingjobsforthelocals. B.ByintroducingWesternequipment.C.Bypracticingsustainablewayoffarming. D.Byfacilitatingeco-tourismandgreenliving.6.HowhasKevinpromotedthefarm?A.Hehascreatedawebsite. B.Hehassetupsocialmediaaccounts.C.Hehasitadvertisedbylocalvillagers. D.Hehasorganizedeventsforsubscribers.7.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A.BelgiansHarvestaGoodFarmLifeinGuizhouB.BelgiansGetEnchantedbytheBeautyofGuizhouC.BelgiansBecomeaSocialMediaInfluencerinChinaD.BelgiansLiveinaLocalChineseCommunity【答案】4.A5.C6.B7.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了比利时人KevinCillen和他的家人在中国贵州省的一个山村经营生态农场的故事，他们结合西方农业技术和当地乡村实践，创建了一个“生态绿洲”，并见证了中国的巨大变化。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Thefamily’spursuitoftheirfarmingdreaminChinabeganin2000,whenKevin’smotherHettyCillenvisitedChinaasavolunteerforthefirsttime.TheenchantinglandscapesandrichculturalheritageofGuizhoufascinatedher,causinghertomakethisforeigncountryherhome.（这个家庭在中国追求他们的农业梦想始于2000年，当时Kevin的母亲HettyCillen第一次作为中国志愿者来到中国。贵州迷人的风景和丰富的文化遗产让她着迷，使她把这个外国当成了自己的家。）”可知，贵州迷人的风景和丰富的文化遗产让HettyCillen着迷，所以她决定定居在贵州。故选A项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Thefamilyfarm,hiddenwithinthedenseforest,isproofofGuizhou’secologicalprogress.Thefarmpracticesdiversifiedgrasscultivationforhigh-qualityanimalfeed,usessolarpanelsforcleanenergyandemploysrainwaterharvestingsystemsforastablewatersupply.（隐藏在茂密森林中的家庭农场是贵州生态进步的证明。农场种植多样化的草料以提供高质量的动物饲料，使用太阳能电池板提供清洁能源，并采用雨水收集系统以确保稳定的水源。）”可知，这个家庭农场通过实践可持续的农业方式来促进贵州的生态进步。故选C项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“PartneringwithQiuYe,asocialmediainfluencer,hehassetupaccountslike‘Kevin’sfamilyinGuizhou’onvariousplatforms.（他与社交媒体网红邱野合作，在各种平台上开设了‘Kevin在贵州的家人’等账号。）”可知，Kevin通过在各种平台上开设账号来推广农场。故选B项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其结合第一段“NestledintheheartofamountainvillageinChina’sGuizhouprovince,thereisauniqueecologicalfamilyfarm.ItisrunbyKevinCillen,a28-year-oldBelgianwhoispassionateabouttheland.Withhisparentsandsiblings,theyhavecombinedWesternfarmingtechniqueswithlocalcountrysidepracticestocultivatean‘ecologicaloasis’.（坐落在中国贵州省一个山村的中心，有一个独特的生态家庭农场。它由28岁的比利时人KevinCillen经营，他对这片土地充满热情。他们与父母和兄弟姐妹一起，将西方农业技术与当地农村实践相结合，培育出一片‘生态绿洲’）”可知，本文主要讲述了比利时人KevinCillen和他的家人在中国贵州省经营生态农场的故事。所以，A项“BelgiansHarvestaGoodFarmLifeinGuizhou（比利时人在贵州收获美好的农场生活）”最适合作文章标题。故选A项。CIntheRomantimesandthroughouttheMiddleAges,saltwasavaluablecommodity(商品),andalsoservedas“whitegold”.SoldiersintheRomanarmyweresometimespaidwithsaltinsteadofmoney.Theirmonthlyallowancewascalled“salarium”(“sal”beingtheLatinwordforsalt).ThisLatinrootcanberecognizedintheFrenchword“salaire”anditeventuallymadeitintoEnglishastheword“salary”.Languageissomethingwetakeforgranted.However,astheexamplewiththeword“salary”shows,languagesarenotstatic.Likebiologicalspecies,languageschangeovertime,andsometimesdeveloptogiverisetoseveraldescendant(后代)languages.Forexample,French,Italian,andSpanishareamongthelanguagesthathaveevolvedfromLatin.Andlikespecies,languagescangoextinct,too.Givenallthesesimilarities,linguists(语言学家)whostudytheevolutionoflanguagesoftenusetoolsthataresimilartothoseusedbyevolutionarybiologists.Onesuchtoolisthereconstructionofaspeciestree.Suchatreeshowstheevolutionaryhistoryandrelationshipswithinagivengroupofbiologicalspecies.Usingareconstructedspeciestree,evolutionarybiologistscanofteninferspecificcharacteristicsofancestralspecies.Ortheycanmatchupcommonancestorsinthetreewithactualfossilsthathavebeenfoundbypaleontologists(古生物学家).Thisallowsthemtoputrealdatesatvariousbranchingpointsinthetree.Thus,speciestreereconstructionisanessentialtoolinstudyingbiologicalevolution.Asimilartechniquecanbeusedtostudylanguageevolutionbecauselanguagesalsoevolveandconsistofwordsthatcanbeeasilycompared.Indeed,linguistshavereconstructedentirelanguagetrees.Andaswithspeciestrees,characteristicsofancientancestrallanguagescanbederived(衍生)fromthem.Ofcourse,therealsoaresomedifferencesbetweenspeciesevolutionandlanguageevolution,eachrequiringuniqueadditionalmethodstostudythemindetail.But,overall,itisfascinatingtoseehowthebasicideasandresearchtoolsoflanguageevolutionaresimilartothoseofbiologicalevolution.8.Whydoestheauthormentiontheword“salary”inparagraph1?A.Toillustratetheevolutionoflanguage.B.TopresenttheeffectofLatinonlanguages.C.Tostressthevalueofsaltinancienttimes.D.Toshowdevelopmentsinlinguistictheory.9.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph2?A.Culturaldiversityandbiodiversityarelinked.B.Speciesandlanguageshavealotincommon.C.Human-causedmassextinctionisaccelerating.D.Languagesinfluenceandlearnfromeachother.10.Whatcanweknowaboutthereconstructedspeciestree?A.Itiscurrentlyinthedesignstage. B.Itfacilitatestheresearchoflinguists.C.Itcanbeusedinavarietyofways. D.Itisthefirstchoiceforbiologists.11.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.TheLanguageSystemEvolvedOverTimeB.TheTwinExtinctionsofSpeciesandLanguagesC.SaltPlayedaCrucialRoleinEarlyHumanHistoryD.FromSalttoSalary:LinguistsTakeaPagefromBiology【答案】8.A9.B10.B11.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了语言进化与生物进化有众多相似之处，语言学家从研究自然物种演变的“物种树”中获取灵感，创建了“语言树”。【8题详解】推理判断题。第一段介绍了英语中的“salary”一词的由来。下文介绍了语言进化同物种进化之间的相似性，这种相似性启发语言学家创建类似于物种树的语言树，帮助推进语言研究。由此可推断，作者在第一段提及“salary”是为了说明语言在不断演变。故选A项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Likebiologicalspecies,languageschangeovertime,andsometimesdeveloptogiverisetoseveraldescendant(后代)languages.Forexample,French,Italian,andSpanishareamongthelanguagesthathaveevolvedfromLatin.Andlikespecies,languagescangoextinct,too.(就像生物物种一样，语言随着时间的推移而改变，有时会发展出几种后代语言。例如，法语、意大利语和西班牙语就是从拉丁语演变而来的语言之一。而且和物种一样，语言也可能灭绝)”可知，就像生物物种一样，语言会随着时间的推移而变化，有时会“物种化”，产生几种后代语言。就像物种一样，语言也会灭绝。由此可推断，物种和语言有很多相似之处。故选B项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第三、四、五段内容可知，语言进化与生物进化有很多相似之处，因此，一些语言学家经常使用与进化生物学家使用的工具相似的工具。物种树是帮助进化生物学家研究生物进化的重要工具，同时也为语言学家提供了灵感，促进了语言学家的研究。故选B项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。作者在第一段以英语中的“salary”一词的例子说明了语言也在进化，进而在下文介绍物种和语言有很多相似之处，物种树启示语言学家创建语言树来推动语言的研究。D项能概括本文大意。故选D项。DHere’saquickquiz.PersonAdoesafavorforyou.PersonBasksyoutodoafavorforhim.Whodoyoutendtolikemore?Surprisingly,theanswerisPersonB.Thisquirk(怪癖)ofhumannatureisknownastheBenFranklinEffect.BenjaminFranklincameacrossthephenomenonin1736whenservingasaclerktothePennsylvaniaAssembly.Apowerfulmemberdidn’tcareforFranklinandthreatenedtomakelifemiserableforhim.Whattodo?Insteadofwinninghimoverwithsweettalk,Franklinaskedifhecouldborrowarareandvaluablebookthemanowned.Thisrequestalteredtheman’sattitudeandpavedthewayfortheirfriendship.Franklin’stakeaway:“Hethathasoncedoneyouakindnesswillbereadytodoyouanother,thanhewhomyouyourselfhaveobliged.”Severalstudieshaveconfirmedthis.ButhowcanweexplaintheBenFranklinEffect?Somepsychologistsrefertocognitivedissonance(失调).It’sdifficulttoholdtwocontradictorythoughtsatthesametime.Itmakesusuncomfortable.Weresolvethistensionbychangingourmind.“Idon’tlikeJoe,butIamdoinghimafavor,”wemightthink.“SomaybeIdolikehim.”Whilecognitivedissonanceexplainsalot,italonedoesn’texplaintheBenFranklinEffect.One2015studyfoundthatitwas,rather,theaffiliative(亲和的)motivethattherequestsconvey.Thatis,wehumanswanttomaintaingoodrelationswithotherhumans,andonewaytoachievethisisbydoingfavorsforothers.Thisexplainsalotaboutaltruisticbehavior.Welikebeingusefuland,byextension,welikethosewhogiveustheopportunitytodoso.It’sinourgenes.Yetthereismuchwestilldon’tknowabouttheBenFranklinEffect.Doesitapplyequallyacrosscultures?Isthereapointbeyondwhichaskingafavormakesyouless,notmorelikable?Askingtoborrowabookisonething;askingtoborrowacarisanother.12.WhydoestheauthormentionBenjaminFranklin’sexperience?A.Toillustrateadilemmainmakingchoices.B.Tosuggestawayofstrikingupfriendships.C.Tostresstheimportanceofstrategicrequests. D.TointroducetheoriginoftheBenFranklinEffect.13.Whatisareasonforpeople’stendencytolikethoseaskingforfavors?A.Reducingthetensioncausedbysocialcontact.B.Increasingthechanceofgettinghelpinreturn.C.Avoidingthediscomfortfromconflictingthoughts.D.Establishingacooperativecommunityofsharedtrust.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“altruistic”probablymeaninparagraph4?A.Selfless. B.Impolite. C.Aggressive. D.Responsible.15.WhatdoestheauthorthinkoftheBenFranklinEffect?A.Itmakeslittlesense. B.Itappliestomostcultures.C.Ithassituationallimitations. D.Ithasgreatpracticalsignificance.【答案】12.D13.C14.A15.C【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了本·富兰克林效应。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段的“Surprisingly,theanswerisPersonB.Thisquirk(怪癖)ofhumannatureisknownastheBenFranklinEffect.(令人惊讶的是，答案是B型这种人性的怪癖被称为本·富兰克林效应。)”和第二段的“BenjaminFranklincameacrossthephenomenonin1736whenservingasaclerktothePennsylvaniaAssembly.Apowerfulmemberdidn’tcareforFranklinandthreatenedtomakelifemiserableforhim.Whattodo?Insteadofwinninghimoverwithsweettalk,Franklinaskedifhecouldborrowarareandvaluablebookthemanowned.Thisrequestalteredtheman’sattitudeandpavedthewayfortheirfriendship.Franklin’stakeaway:“Hethathasoncedoneyouakindnesswillbereadytodoyouanother,thanhewhomyouyourselfhaveobliged.”(本杰明·富兰克林(BenjaminFranklin)在1736年担任宾夕法尼亚州议会书记员时遇到了这种现象。一个有权有势的成员不喜欢富兰克林，并威胁要让他的生活很痛苦。该怎么办？富兰克林没有用甜言蜜语来说服他，而是问他是否可以借他拥有的一本珍贵的书。这个请求改变了男人的态度，为他们的友谊铺平了道路。富兰克林的结论是：“曾经善待过你的人，会比你所善待的人更愿意为你做另一件事。”)”可推断，作者提到本杰明·富兰克林的经历为了介绍“本杰明·富兰克林效应”的起源。故选D。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的“Somepsychologistsrefertocognitivedissonance(失调).It’sdifficulttoholdtwocontradictorythoughtsatthesametime.Itmakesusuncomfortable.(一些心理学家称之为认知失调。同时持有两种相互矛盾的思想是很难的。这让我们感到不舒服。)”

可知，人们倾向于喜欢寻求帮助的人是因为认知失调，即避免持有矛盾的想法带来的不适。故选C。【14题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词前文“One2015studyfoundthatitwas,rather,theaffiliative(亲和的)motivethattherequestsconvey.Thatis,wehumanswanttomaintaingoodrelationswithotherhumans,andonewaytoachievethisisbydoingfavorsforothers.(2015年的一项研究发现，更确切地说，这是请求所传达的亲和动机。也就是说，我们人类希望与他人保持良好的关系，而实现这一目标的一种方式就是帮助他人。)”以及下文“Welikebeingusefuland,byextension,welikethosewhogiveustheopportunitytodoso.It’sinourgenes.(我们喜欢成为有用的人，推而广之，我们喜欢那些给我们这样做机会的人。这是我们的基因。)”可推断，划线词所在句说明人类希望通过帮助他人来保持良好的关系，这解释了无私的行为，因此推断画线词与selfless“无私的”意思相近。故选A。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Yetthereismuchwestilldon’tknowabouttheBenFranklinEffect.Doesitapplyequallyacrosscultures?Isthereapointbeyondwhichaskingafavormakesyouless,notmorelikable?Askingtoborrowabookisonething;askingtoborrowacarisanother.(然而，我们对本·富兰克林效应还有很多不了解的地方。它在不同文化中都适用吗？有没有一个点，超过了这个点，请求别人帮忙会让你更不讨人喜欢，而不是更讨人喜欢？借书是一回事；向别人借车是另一回事。)”可知，作者认为本·富兰克林效应有情境限制。故选C。第二节(共5小题,每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Inthedynamicworldoffitness,wheretreadmills(跑步机)humandweightsclink,anemergingconcernforsustainabilityisreshapingthegymexperience.____16____?Inthisguide,we’llnavigatethroughkeyaspectsofeco-consciousfitnesstohelpyoufigureoutifyourgymisonthesustainabletrack.●Energy-efficientequipmentAsustainablegymstartswiththetoolsthatpushyourworkout.Modernfitnessequipmentisevolvingbeyondthepursuitofpersonalrecords.____17____.Energy-efficientmachines,equippedwithregenerativebrakingsystemsandsmarttechnology,employthepowergeneratedduringworkoutstobalanceelectricityconsumption.Lookattheverytoolsthatpoweryourworkout.Arethemachinesequippedwithenergy-efficientfeatures?Dotheyemploytheenergygeneratedduringworkoutstocontributebacktothegym’spowerneeds?●____18____Theinfrastructure(基础设施)ofagymplaysacrucialroleinitssustainabilityjourney.Theuseofeco-friendlymaterials,energy-efficientlightingandstrategicdesignfornaturalaircirculationarekeyelementsofagreenfitnessspace.Exploretheinfrastructureofyourgym.Doestheoveralldesignfacilitatenaturalaircirculationandusesustainableconstructionpractices?●WastemanagementAsyouaresweatingitoutatthegym,whathappenstothewastegenerated?Sustainablefitnessspacesprioritizecomprehensivewastemanagementsystems.____19____.Directyourattentiontohowyourgymmanageswaste.Aretherevisiblerecyclingprogramsforplastics,paperandothercommongymmaterials?Doesthegymuseeco-friendlycleaningproducts,demonstratingacommitmenttominimizingitsenvironmentalimpact?●Renewableenergyintegration____20____,butsustainablefitnessfacilitiesfindinnovativewaystoemployrenewableenergy.Solarpanelsandotherrenewableenergysourcesareintegratedintothegym’sinfrastructuretooffsetpowerconsumption,reducingthefacility’scarbonfootprintandcontributingtoagreenerenergylandscape.Investigatewhetheryourgymistappingintorenewableenergysources.Aretheresolarpanelsorwindturbinesintegratedintotheinfrastructure?A.ThisinvolvesrecyclingprogramsforcommongymmaterialsB.GreenbuildingpracticesC.AdaptablefitnessfacilitiesD.ButhowdoyouknowifyourgymistrulysustainableE.TheenergydemandsofabusygymcanbeconsiderableF.It’snowcontributingtothejointeffortsforagreenerplanetG.Aretheresignsthatyourworkoutincreasescarbonfootprint【答案】16.D17.F18.B19.A20.E【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了辨别一个健身房是否环保、可持续发展的方法。【16题详解】上文“Inthedynamicworldoffitness,wheretreadmills(跑步机)humandweightsclink,anemergingconcernforsustainabilityisreshapingthegymexperience.(在充满活力的健身世界里，跑步机嗡嗡作响，重物叮当作响，对可持续性的新关注正在重塑健身房体验)”说明人们在关注健身房是否是可持续发展的，以及下文“Inthisguide,we’llnavigatethroughkeyaspectsofeco-consciousfitnesstohelpyoufigureoutifyourgymisonthesustainabletrack.(在这则指南中，我们将浏览生态意识健身的关键方面，以帮助你了解你的健身房是否在可持续发展的轨道上)”说明这则指南将帮助你了解你的健身房是否是可持续发展的，D项“但你怎么知道你的健身房是否真正可持续”提出问题，承接上文，并引出下文的回答，符合题意。故选D。【17题详解】上文“Asustainablegymstartswiththetoolsthatpushyourworkout.Modernfitnessequipmentisevolvingbeyondthepursuitofpersonalrecords.(一个可持续的健身房从推动你锻炼的工具开始。现代健身器材正在超越对个人记录的追求)”可持续健身房会推动健身器材超越对个人记录的追求，F项“现在，它正在为建设一个更绿色的星球的共同努力做出贡献”承接上文，进一步说明其作用，符合题意。故选F。【18题详解】下文“Theinfrastructure(基础设施)ofagymplaysacrucialroleinitssustainabilityjourney.Theuseofeco-friendlymaterials,energy-efficientlightingandstrategicdesignfornaturalaircirculationarekeyelementsofagreenfitnessspace.(健身房的基础设施在其可持续发展之旅中起着至关重要的作用。使用环保材料、节能照明和自然空气循环的战略设计是绿色健身空间的关键要素)”说明健身房的基础设施在可持续发展中扮演重要角色。使用环保材料、节能照明和自然通风的巧妙设计是一个绿色健身空间的关键，B项“绿色建筑实践”引出下文内容，适合作为段落主题句。故选B。【19题详解】上文“Sustainablefitnessspacesprioritizecomprehensivewastemanagementsystems.(可持续健身空间优先考虑全面的废物管理系统)”说明可持续发展的健身房会将细致的废弃物管理系统放在首位，A项“这涉及对常见健身房材料的回收计划”承接上文，进一步说明其具体的做法，与回收健身房材料相关，符合题意。故选A。【20题详解】下文“butsustainablefitnessfacilitiesfindinnovativewaystoemployrenewableenergy.Solarpanelsandotherrenewableenergysourcesareintegratedintothegym’sinfrastructuretooffsetpowerconsumption,reducingthefacility’scarbonfootprintandcontributingtoagreenerenergylandscape.(但可持续的健身设施找到了利用可再生能源的创新方法。太阳能电池板和其他可再生能源被整合到健身房的基础设施中，以抵消电力消耗，减少设施的碳足迹，并有助于打造更绿色的能源景观)”说明可持续发展的健身房中健身设施可以减少设施的碳足迹，E项“繁忙健身房的能量需求可能相当大”介绍客观情况，与下文形成转折关系，引出下文介绍的可持续发展健身房的益处，符合题意。故选E。第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。MygrandmothersuffersfromAlzheimer’sdisease.Seeingherconditionworsenovertime,andknowingIcoulddonothing,createdafeelingof____21____inme.Astheyearspassedandmyunderstandingofthediseasegrew,myfrustrationturnedfirsttoanger,thenresignation(顺从),andfinally____22____.Thoughthediseasewasboundtoslowlyeatawayather,therewerewaysto____23____itsprogress.Everynightthetwoofuswouldsittogetherand____24____whilemygrandmotherwouldcountbeans.Theexercisecouldhelptokeephermentally____25____.Graduallyhercountingbecameslower,andshewouldlosetrackofthingsmore____26____.Whileatnightwewouldcountbeans,inthedayIinvolvedmyselfinstudiesof____27____.Myearlierfeelingsofdespairgavewayto____28____;advancesingeneticengineeringofferedthepossibilitythatonedaythoselikemygrandmothercouldbecured,or____29____fromdevelopingAlzheimer’sinthefirstplace.Seeingmygrandmotherslipaway____30____metotakebiologycoursestolearnmoreaboutcells,thenervoussystem,andgeneticinformation,whichhelpedmebetterunderstandhowour____31____ofthisdiseasehasgrowninthepastdecade.____32____IbegantoseenewpossibilitiesforpreventingdiseaseslikeAlzheimer’s.Nowadays,mygrandmothercannotcountbeansanymoreanddoesn’t____33____meatall.OncesheusedtotellmestoriesandIwhisperedtoherallmyproblems.NowIama____34____toher.HowIwishonedayIcouldcontributetoafuture,wherenochildhastowatchtheirgrandmothercountthe____35____theyhavelefttogether.21.A.regret B.dilemma C.annoyance D.hopelessness22.A.pity B.sympathy C.tolerance D.acceptance23.A.stop B.slow C.change D.accelerate24.A.chat B.sigh C.think D.complain25.A.strong B.sharp. C.busy D.fresh26.A.easily B.naturally C.slowly D.painfully27.A.nursing B.biology C.companion D.psychology28.A.anxiety B.calmness C.optimism D.indifference29.A.excused B.defended C.prevented D.separated30.A.urged B.forced C.required D.motivated31.A.concern B.sympathyC.knowledge D.experience32.A.Instantly B.Gradually C.Temporarily D.Accidentally33.A.miss B.expect C.notice D.recognize34.A.listener B.follower C.stranger D.watcher35.A.time B.beans C.money D.stories【答案】21.D22.D23.B24.A25.B26.A27.B28.C29.C30.D31.C32.B33.D34.C35.A【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者陪伴患老年痴呆症奶奶一起生活的故事。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：看着她的病情随着时间的推移而恶化，知道我无能为力，我产生了一种绝望的感觉。A.regret后悔；B.dilemma困境；C.annoyance烦恼；D.hopelessness绝望。由上文“Icoulddonothing”可知，这是很“绝望”的感觉。故选D项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着岁月的流逝，我对这种疾病的了解与日俱增，我的沮丧首先变成了愤怒，然后是顺从，最后是接受。A.pity可怜；B.sympathy同情；C.tolerance容忍；D.acceptance接受。由上文“anger,thenresignation”以及语境可知，作者最后“接受”了事实。故选D项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管这种疾病一定会慢慢折磨她，但还是有办法减缓它的进展。A.stop停止；B.slow减缓；C.change改变；D.accelerate加快。由下文“mygrandmotherwouldcountbeans”可知，作者用奶奶数豆子的方式来“减缓”疾病的恶化。故选B项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：每天晚上，我们俩坐在一起聊天，而我奶奶则数豆子。A.chat聊天；B.sigh叹气；C.think思考；D.complain抱怨。由上文“sittogether”以及语境可知，作者和奶奶坐一起“聊天”。故选A项。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这项运动可以帮助她保持精神敏锐。A.strong强的；B.sharp锋利的，敏锐的；C.busy忙的；D.fresh新鲜的。由上文“mygrandmotherwouldcountbeans”以及语境可知，这里指数豆子可以帮助作者奶奶保持精神“敏锐”，延缓老年痴呆。故选B项。【26题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：渐渐地，她的计数速度变慢了，她也更容易忘记事情。A.easily容易地；B.naturally自然地；C.slowly慢慢地；D.painfully痛苦地。由上文“Graduallyhercountingbecameslower”可知，作者奶奶老年痴呆症越来越严重了，所以更“容易”忘事。故选A项。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：晚上我们会数豆子，白天我会研究生物学。A.nursing护理；B.biology生物学；C.companion陪同；D.psychology心理学。由下文“metotakebiologycoursestolearnmoreaboutcells”可知，作者在研究“生物学”。故选B项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我早些时候的绝望感让位于最佳状态；基因工程的进步提供了一种可能性，即有一天，像我奶奶这样的人可以被治愈，或者从一开始就避免患上阿尔茨海默氏症。A.anxiety焦虑；B.calmness冷静；C.optimism乐观主义；D.indifference冷漠。由下文“advancesingeneticengineeringofferedthepossibilitythatonedaythoselikemygrandmothercouldbecured”可知，作者变得“乐观”，相信有一天阿尔茨海默氏症可以避免或者治疗。故选C项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我早些时候的绝望感让位于最佳状态；基因工程的进步提供了一种可能性，即有一天，像我奶奶这样的人可以被治愈，或者从一开始就避免患上阿尔茨海默氏症。A.excused原谅；B.defended为……辩护；C.prevented预防；D.separated分开。由上文“couldbecured”可知，作者期待阿尔茨海默氏症可以被治疗或者“预防”。故选C项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到奶奶越来越健忘，我开始学习生物学课程，更多地了解细胞、神经系统和遗传信息，这帮助我更好地了解我们对这种疾病的了解在过去十年中是如何增长的。A.urged催促；B.forced强制；C.required要求；D.motivated激励。由上文“Seeingmygrandmotherslipaway”可知，看到奶奶的状况“激励”作者选择学习生物学课程，希望更好帮助奶奶。故选D项。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：看到奶奶越来越健忘，我开始学习生物学课程，更多地了解细胞、神经系统和遗传信息，这帮助我更好地了解我们对这种疾病的了解在过去十年中是如何增长的。A.concern关心；B.sympathy同情；C.knowledge知识，了解；D.experience经验。由上文“cells,thenervoussystem,andgeneticinformation”可知，作者希望通过学习这些更多“了解”这种疾病。故选C项。【32题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：渐渐地，我开始看到预防阿尔茨海默氏症等疾病的新可能性。A.Instantly立刻地；B.Gradually逐渐地；C.Temporarily暂时地；D.Accidentally意外地。由下文“newpossibilitiesforpreventingdiseaseslikeAlzheimer’s”以及语境可知，“逐渐地”，作者期待像这样的疾病可以被预防。故选B项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如今，我的奶奶再也不会数豆子了，根本认不出我了。A.miss想念；B.expect期待；C.notice注意到；D.recognize认出。由上文“mygrandmothercannotcountbeansanymore”以及语境可知，奶奶情况恶化，最终不能“认出”作者了。故选D项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在我对她已经陌生了。A.listener听众