2022-2023学年江苏省普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1江苏省2022-2023学年普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语试卷第一部分选择题（共两节，满分70分）第一节阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAstrategyisaplanfordoingsomethingwell.Youcanusestrategiesbefore,during,andafterreading.BeforeYouReadLookatthetitle,headings,andphotographsorillustrations.Thinkaboutwhatyoualreadyknowaboutthetopic.GuesswhatthetextwillbeaboutandwhatyoumightlearnfromreadingitSetapurposeforreading.WhileYouReadThinkaboutwhatyouunderstandandwhatyoudonotunderstand.Usethereadingstrategiesbelowtohelpyouunderstandthetext.Usestorystructure(结构):Payattentiontothecharacters,background,andplot(情节)eventstohelpyouunderstandhowastoryisorganizedMakeasummary:Stopforashortwhileasyoureadtofindoutthemostimportantideasinthetext.Askandanswerquestions:Askyourselfquestionsaboutwhatyoudonotunderstandinthetext.Lookforanswerstoquestionsasyouread.Usediagrams:Makediagramsasyoureadtoshowhowimportantideasinthetextareconnected.Checkunderstanding:Whenyoudonotunderstandasectionoftext,useoneofthesestrategiestomaketheinformationclear•Readagain•Changereadingspeed•Readon•Self-correctAfterYouReadTalkwithaclassmateaboutwhichstrategiesyouusedandwhyyouusedthem.1.Whatshouldyoudobeforeyouread?A.Usediagrams. B.Changereadingspeed.C.Talkwithaclassmate. D.Lookatthetitleandheadings.2.Whichofthefollowingcanhelpyouunderstandhowastoryisorganized?A.Usingstorystructure. B.Makingasummary.C.Checkingunderstanding. D.Askingandansweringquestions.3.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.Proceduresforquestioning. B.Waysofmakingdiagrams.C.Strategiesforreading. D.Examinationsofunderstanding.4.Whereisthepassageprobablytakenfrom?A.Afilm. B.Atextbook. C.Adictionary. D.Adocument.【答案】1.D2.A3.C4.B【语篇解读】本文体裁为应用文。文章主要介绍了在阅读过程中可以使用的策略，包括在阅读前、阅读中和阅读后应该做些什么来帮助理解和记忆文本内容。这些策略包括观察标题、标题和插图，思考已知信息，猜测文本内容，设定阅读目的，使用故事结构，制作摘要，提问和回答问题，使用图表，检查理解等。【1题详解】细节理解题。由BeforeYouRead部分中的“Lookatthetitle,headings,andphotographsorillustrations.(看题目、标题、照片或插图。)”可知，在阅读之前应该看题目、标题和照片或插图。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。由WhileYouRead部分中的“Usestorystructure(结构):Payattentiontothecharacters,background,andplot(情节)eventstohelpyouunderstandhowastoryisorganized(使用故事结构：注意人物、背景和情节事件，帮助你理解故事是如何组织的)”可知，使用故事结构可以帮助你理解故事是如何组织的。故选A。【3题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段“Astrategyisaplanfordoingsomethingwell.Youcanusestrategiesbefore,during,andafterreading.(策略是做好某件事的计划。你可以在阅读前、阅读中、阅读后使用策略。)”可知，本文主要介绍在阅读前、阅读中和阅读后都可以使用的阅读策略。故本文主要谈论的是阅读策略。故选C。【4题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段“Astrategyisaplanfordoingsomethingwell.Youcanusestrategiesbefore,during,andafterreading.(策略是做好某件事的计划。你可以在阅读前、阅读中、阅读后使用策略。)”可知，本文主要介绍在阅读前、阅读中和阅读后都可以使用的阅读策略，而阅读策略是学习过程中常用的方法，因此本文可能来自一本教科书。故选B。BInOctober,2021,threeChineseastronauts,WangYaping,ZhaiZhigangandYeGuangfu,travelledtotheirspacestation.Theystayedthereforsixmonthswhiletheygotreadyfortwonewmodules(舱),WentianandMengtian,tojointhemainmodule,Tianhe.InDecember,theygaveaphysicslessonfromspacetostudentsinHongKong,Beijingandthreeothercities.Throughalivestream(网络直播),thepubliccouldalsoenjoythelesson.WangYapinggavetheTiangonglesson,whileZhaiZhigangmadevideos,andYeGuangfuhelpedintheprocess.Excitedstudentsenjoyedthelessonabouttheeffectsofweightlessnessonobjectmovement.Theywerequitecuriousaboutwhatit’sliketoliveinspace.TherewasnodoubtthattheyhadlotsofquestionsspecificallyforastronautWang,whoisfamousasthefirstChinesewomantogoonaspacewalk.ShehadbeforespentseveralhoursoutsidethestationwithZhai,fixingequipmentanddoingtests.Wangsaiditwasagreatjoytoteachchildrenaboutspacewhileshewasthere,referringtothetwolivesciencelecturesshegavein2013and2021.“Myfamilytoldmethatmanynetizens(Internetusers)comparedphotosofmytwolecturesandfoundthatour’spaceclassroom’isnowbigger,thecontentoftheclassismorecolourfulandinteresting,andthatthelivestreamissmootherandpicturesclearer,”shesaid.5.WhatwasWangYaping’s2021Tiangonglessonabout?A.Arts. B.Physics. C.History. D.Travel.6.HowdidstudentsfeelabouttheTiangonglesson?A.Excited. B.Sad. C.Doubtful. D.Bored.7.WhatdidWangandZhaidooutsidethespacestation?A.Madevideos. B.Gaveaphysicslesson.C.Comparedphotosoftwolectures. D.Fixedequipmentanddidtests.8.WhatisoneofthefeaturesofWangYaping’s2021lecture?A.Fewerquestions. B.Unclearerpictures.C.Morecolourfulcontent. D.Smallerspaceclassroom.【答案】5.B6.A7.D8.C【语篇解读】这是一篇新闻报道。短文报道了三名中国宇航员在中国空间站内给全国的学生上了一堂太空物理课。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“InDecember,theygaveaphysicslessonfromspacetostudentsinHongKong,Beijingandthreeothercities.Throughalivestream(网络直播),thepubliccouldalsoenjoythelesson.”（去年12月，他们给香港、北京和其他三个城市的学生上了一堂太空物理课。通过直播，公众也可以享受这一课。）可知，王亚平2021年的天宫课是关于物理的。故选B项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Excitedstudentsenjoyedthelessonabouttheeffectsofweightlessnessonobjectmovement.”（兴奋的学生们喜欢上了关于失重对物体运动影响的课程。）可知，学生们对天宫课的感受是兴奋的。故选A项。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“ShehadbeforespentseveralhoursoutsidethestationwithZhai,fixingequipmentanddoingtests.”（之前，她和翟在空间站外待了几个小时，修理设备，做测试。）可知，王和翟在空间站外修理设备并进行测试。故选D项。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Myfamilytoldmethatmanynetizens(Internetusers)comparedphotosofmytwolecturesandfoundthatour’spaceclassroom’isnowbigger,thecontentoftheclassismorecolourfulandinteresting,andthatthelivestreamissmootherandpicturesclearer,”shesaid.”（她说:“我的家人告诉我，许多网友比较了我两次讲课的照片，发现我们的‘太空教室’现在更大了，课堂内容更丰富有趣，直播更流畅，图片更清晰。”）可知，王亚平2021年演讲的特点之一是内容更丰富多彩。故选C项。CDoyouknowhowmanykindsofbreakfastcereal(麦片)thereareinmylocalsupermarket?165kinds!That’sjustoneproduct.Thinkaboutallthevarietiesofbiscuits,yoghourt,andchocolatebars.Wehavesomuchchoicethesedays.It’sunbelievable!Soallthischoicemustbeagoodthing,right?Itmakesushappier,right?Well,notnecessarily.Peopleliketheideaofhavingachoice,andmanypeoplethinkmorechoicemustbeagoodthing.But,infact,toomuchchoicecancauseusproblems.Iftherearetoomanydifferentthingstochoosefrom,wecan’tknowwhattochoose.Ifyouoffermeachoiceofthreecookies,IcandecidequicklywhichoneIwant.Butifyouoffermeachoiceof33cookies,mybraincrashes.Anotherproblemwithtoomuchchoiceisthatwethinktheremustbetheperfectcookiesomewhere.Thefactis,thereisn’t—sowhenwehavespenthalfanhourdecidingwhichcookiewewant,wefeeldissatisfied,becauseit’snotasgoodasexpected.It’snotcookieperfection.Andthenwebegintoregretalltheothercookieswedidn’tchoose,thinkingoneofthemmighthavebeenbetter.Sotherecanbesuchathingastoomuchchoice.Weneedtorecognizethatwhilesomechoiceisgood,toomuchcanleaveusataloss.Weshouldfocusonbeingpleasedwithwhatwechoose.IamgoingtorememberthisnexttimeI’mofferedacookie—chooseoneandenjoyit!9.Whatisthepurposeofparagraph1?A.Tosellaproduct. B.Toexpresssurprise.C.Tointroducethetopic. D.Toansweraquestion.10.Whatproblemcantoomuchchoicecause?A.Difficultyinchoosing. B.Worryabouthealth.C.Acarelessdecision. D.Alossofmemory.11.Theunderlinedpart“It’snotcookieperfection”probablymeans________.A.wecan’tmakegoodcookies B.there’snoperfectchoiceC.wearepleasedwithallcookies D.thecookiedoesn’ttastedelicious12.Howwillthewritersolvetheproblemoftoomuchchoiceaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.Recognizetheperfect. B.Makeaquickchoice.C.Ignorewhatisoffered. D.Enjoywhatischosen.【答案】9.C10.A11.B12.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章通过提出超市商品种类繁多这一现象，引发了对选择过多可能带来的问题的讨论。作者分析了过多选择可能导致的难以决策、不满足感以及后悔等问题，并提出了应专注于对所选择的东西感到满意的观点。【9题详解】推理判断题。由文章第一段“Doyouknowhowmanykindsofbreakfastcereal(麦片)thereareinmylocalsupermarket?165kinds!That’sjustoneproduct.Thinkaboutallthevarietiesofbiscuits,yoghourt,andchocolatebars.Wehavesomuchchoicethesedays.It’sunbelievable!(你知道我们当地的超市里有多少种早餐麦片吗？165种！这只是一种产品。想想各种各样的饼干、酸奶和巧克力棒。现在我们有太多选择了。这是难以置信的！)”可知，作者对于现在有这么多的选择感到惊讶，并通过列举超市中的麦片种类来引出后文关于选择过多的讨论。因此，第一段的目的是引入话题。故正确答案为C。【10题详解】细节理解题。由文章第二段中“Iftherearetoomanydifferentthingstochoosefrom,wecan’tknowwhattochoose.(如果有太多不同的东西可供选择，我们就不知道该选什么。)”可知，过多的选择会造成的问题是难以选择。故正确答案为A。【11题详解】词句猜测题。由文章第三段中“Thefactis,thereisn’t

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sowhenwehavespenthalfanhourdecidingwhichcookiewewant,wefeeldissatisfied,becauseit’snotasgoodasexpected.(事实并非如此——所以当我们花了半个小时来决定我们想要哪块饼干时，我们会感到不满意，因为它没有预期的那么好。)”可知，当我们花了半个小时决定想要哪种饼干时，我们会感到不满意，因为它不如预期的好。因此，“It’snotcookieperfection”的意思是没有完美的选择，而不是我们不能做好饼干、我们对所有饼干都很满意或饼干味道不好。A.wecan’tmakegoodcookies我们做不出好的饼干；B.there’snoperfectchoice没有完美的选择；C.wearepleasedwithallcookies我们对所有的饼干都很满意；D.thecookiedoesn’ttastedelicious饼干味道不好。故正确答案为B。【12题详解】细节理解题。由文章最后一段中“Weneedtorecognizethatwhilesomechoiceisgood,toomuchcanleaveusataloss.Weshouldfocusonbeingpleasedwithwhatwechoose.IamgoingtorememberthisnexttimeI’mofferedacookie—chooseoneandenjoyit!(我们需要认识到，虽然有些选择是好的，但太多的选择会让我们不知所措。我们应该专注于对我们的选择感到满意。下次有人给我饼干的时候，我一定要记住这一点——选一个，享受它！)”可知，作者认为我们应该专注于对自己所选择的东西感到满意，并在下次被提供饼干时选择一个并享受它。因此，作者解决选择过多问题的方法是享受所选择的，而不是认识到完美、快速做出选择或忽略所提供的内容。故正确答案为D。DYoudrovetenhourstoyouraunt’shouse,andyou’rereadytogetsomesleepintheguestroom.Butthoughyou’resotired,sleepjustdoesn’tcome.Youturnfromsidetosideinbedallnight.Andfinally,whenyoudofallasleep,youwakeupjustanhourlater.It’ssoeasytofallasleepinyourownbed.Sowhycan’tyousleepwellhere?MarthaHotzVitaterna,abrainscientist,knowsallaboutthisproblem.“Insomesleepresearchcircles,thisiscalledthe“firstnighteffect”,shesays.“Peopledonotsleepwellthefirstnight.Thereislessslowbrainwaveactivity,meaningnotasmuchtimeindeepsleep.Inanimalstudies,weseethisphenomenon(现象)aswell.”Thefactthatthishappensinotheranimals,too,makesscientiststhinkthatbadsleepinnewplacesistheresultofaveryoldprocessinsideyourbrain.Itmaydatebacktothetimelongbeforehumansevolved(进化).Whenyou’reinyourownbed,yourbrainknowsit’shomeandyouwillbesafe.Itcanrelaxandfallintoadeep,healthysleep.Butwhenyousleepinanunfamiliarplace,yourbrainstaysslightlyattentivetomakesurenodangersarenearby.Evenfamiliarsoundsstillmakeyouworried.What’sthat?Isitdangerous?Itwakesupthebraintokeepyoureadytoescapeifyouneedto.Butthere’sgoodnews:formostpeople,afterjustoneortwonightsinanewplace,ouranxiousbrainsstarttofeelsafeagain.Andfinallywecanhaveafullnightofsleep.13.Whatisthe“firstnighteffect”?A.Poorsleeponthefirstnight. B.Lessrapidbrainwaveactivity.C.Longdeepsleepallnight. D.Goodhabitofsleeping.14.Fromparagraph3weknowthatbadsleepinnewplaces________.A.bringsdangertohealth B.existsonlyinhumansC.hasbadeffectsonthebrain D.hasaverylonghistory15.Whyisithardertosleepinnewplaces?A.Therearerealdangersnearby. B.Newbedsfeeluncomfortable.C.Peoplefeelunsafeandworried. D.Thebrainstopsworkingnormally.16.What’sgoodnewsformostpeople?A.Brainsnolongerfeelsafe. B.Theywillhaveaquickmind.C.Theycanfinallysleepwell. D.Unfamiliarsoundsdisappear.【答案】13.A14.D15.C16.C【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，讲述了人在新的环境中无法安然入眠的“第一晚效应。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“MarthaHotzVitaterna,abrainscientist,knowsallaboutthisproblem.“Insomesleepresearchcircles,thisiscalledthe“firstnighteffect”,shesays.Peopledonotsleepwellthefirstnight(脑科学家MarthaHotzVitaterna对这个问题了如指掌。她说，在一些睡眠研究圈子里，这被称为“第一晚效应”。人们在第一个晚上睡不好。)”可知此处的第一晚效应指的是一个人到了一个陌生地方以后睡眠不好的问题。故选A项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Thefactthatthishappensinotheranimals,too,makesscientiststhinkthatbadsleepinnewplacesistheresultofaveryoldprocessinsideyourbrain.Itmaydatebacktothetimelongbeforehumansevolved(进化).(这种情况也发生在其他动物身上，这让科学家们认为，新地方的睡眠不好是大脑中一个非常古老的过程的结果。它可以追溯到人类进化之前很久。)”可知新地方的睡眠不好是大脑中一个非常古老的过程的结果，它可以追溯到人类进化之前很久，因此有着悠久的历史。故选D项。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Butwhenyousleepinanunfamiliarplace,yourbrainstaysslightlyattentivetomakesurenodangersarenearby.Evenfamiliarsoundsstillmakeyouworried.What’sthat?Isitdangerous?Itwakesupthebraintokeepyoureadytoescapeifyouneedto.(但是当你在一个不熟悉的地方睡觉时，你的大脑会保持轻微的注意力，以确保附近没有危险。即使是熟悉的声音也会让你担心。那是什么？危险吗？它会唤醒大脑，让你在需要的时候做好逃跑的准备。)”可知人们到了一个新地方以后会感到不安全和担心，所以会睡眠不好。故选C项。【16题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Butthere’sgoodnews:formostpeople,afterjustoneortwonightsinanewplace,ouranxiousbrainsstarttofeelsafeagain.Andfinallywecanhaveafullnightofsleep.(但好消息是：对大多数人来说，在一个新地方呆上一两个晚上后，我们焦虑的大脑就会再次感到安全。最后我们可以有一个完整的睡眠。)”可知对于大多数人来说好消息是几天之后他们最终会有一个很好的睡眠。故选C项。EWiththeincreasingnumberofEverestmountainclimbers,morelitterisleftbehindonthisnaturalwonder.Fortunately,Nepalese(尼泊尔的)officialsareworkingtodealwiththisenvironmentdisaster.MountEveresthasbroughtmuch-neededincometoNepal,butalotofwastehasgatheredasaresult.Climbersneedalotofequipmenttosuccessfullyclimbthemountain.Atypicalteamofclimberscaneasilyuseuphundredsofoxygencontainersandasmanyas15plastictentsandotherequipmentduringtheclimb.Inaddition,thereistheproblemwithhumanwaste.Thishasbeenagrowingproblemandhasputlifeindanger.Thewasteproblemnowspreadsfromthebasecamptotheriverbelow,pollutingthelocalwatersupply.In2014,theNepalesegovernmenttriedtosolvethispollutionproblem,requiringthatclimbersbringback18poundsofrubbishontheirwaydownthemountain.Butthissolutiondidnotworkwell.MountEverestofficialsandthecityofKathmanduputforwardanewproposal.Firstofall,dustbinshavebeenplacedalongthemountainpaths.Inaddition,heavyfineswillbegiventoclimberswhopollutethemountain.Theseclimbersrisklosingtheir$4,000wastedeposit(保证金)ifcaughtthrowingthings.Inthisway,carelessthrowingwillsurelybereduced.Finally,therubbishwillberemovedfromthemountain.Alocalplanecompanyhasagreedtouseitsplanestocarrythewastefromthemountaintothecapitalcity,whereitwillbetreated.Now,withthesenewrulesinplace,themountainshouldseeareturntoitsformerself.17.WhatcausedtheMountEverestenvironmentdisaster?A.Theincreasingnumberofvillagers. B.Litterleftbehindbytheclimbers.C.Nepaleseofficialswhoworkthere. D.Rubbishproducedbynatureitself.18.Whichofthefollowingpollute(s)thelocalwatersupplyaccordingtoparagraph2?A.Humanwaste. B.Plastictents. C.Oxygencontainers. D.Climbingequipment.19.Whatweretheclimbersrequiredtodoin2014?A.Limittheuseofoxygencontainers. B.Usewoodandmetaltoputuptents.C.Avoiddrinkingwaterfromtheriverbelow. D.Take18poundsoflitterdownthemountain.20.Howmanynewrulesareputforwardinthelastparagraph?A.Two. B.Three. C.Four. D.Five.【答案】17.B18.A19.D20.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了随着珠穆朗玛峰登山者人数的增加，山上遗留的垃圾问题日益严重，尼泊尔官方正在采取措施应对这场环境灾难。【17题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“WiththeincreasingnumberofEverestmountainclimbers,morelitterisleftbehindonthisnaturalwonder. Fortunately,Nepalese(尼泊尔的)officialsareworkingtodealwiththisenvironmentdisaster.(随着珠穆朗玛峰登山者人数的增加，这座自然奇观上留下了更多的垃圾。幸运的是，尼泊尔官员正在努力应对这场环境灾难)”可知，珠穆朗玛峰环境灾难的原因是登山者留下的垃圾。故选B项。【18题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Inaddition,thereistheproblemwithhumanwaste.Thishasbeenagrowingproblemandhasputlifeindanger.Thewasteproblemnowspreadsfromthebasecamptotheriverbelow,pollutingthelocalwatersupply.(此外，还有人类排泄物的问题。这是一个日益严重的问题，已经危及生命。排泄物问题现在从大本营蔓延到下面的河流，污染了当地的供水)”可知，污染当地水源的是人类排泄物。故选A项。【19题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In2014,theNepalesegovernmenttriedtosolvethispollutionproblem,requiringthatclimbersbringback18poundsofrubbishontheirwaydownthemountain.(2014年，尼泊尔政府试图解决这一污染问题，要求登山者在下山时带回18磅的垃圾)”可知，2014年要求登山者下山时带走18磅的垃圾。故选D项。【20题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Firstofall,dustbinshavebeenplacedalongthemountainpaths.Inaddition,heavyfineswillbegiventoclimberswhopollutethemountain.(首先，沿着山路放置了垃圾桶。此外，对于污染山区的登山者将处以重罚)”和“Finally,therubbishwillberemovedfromthemountain.(最后，垃圾将被从山上移走)”可知，最后一段提出了三条新规定：放置垃圾桶、对污染者处以重罚和移除山上的垃圾。故选B项。第二节完形填空（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。BethanyFirth,nowafamousswimmer,haslearningdifficulty.Butwhenshewasasmallchild,shefellintoaswimmingpool,whichmadeher___21___ofwateranddeterminednevertoswim.ThatwasuntilFirthwenttoaschoolwhereswimminglessonswere___22___.Firthdideverythingshecouldtogetoutofthelessons,likeleavingherswimsuit(泳衣)outofherbag___23___.Eventually,Firthcouldn’tavoid___24___lessonsanylonger-shehadtogetintothewater.___25___,surprisingly,onceshestartedswimming,sheneverlookedback.Shetrainedregularlyandbecamea(n)___26___swimmer.Herhardworkpaidoff.She___27___goldinthe2012LondonParalympics(残奥会).Afterhersuccess,Firthcontinuedtotrainhard.Shefeltshewas___28___whenitwastimeforthe2016RioParalympics.Firthtookthechanceandreturnedhome___29___afterwinningthreegoldsandasilver.In2017,Firthwas____30____toBuckinghamPalacetoreceiveanhonour(MBE)forher____31____toswimming.“Ifeellikesporthas____32____somanydoorsforme.I’mhappyto____33____mystoryandhelpinspirepeopleto____34____theirdreams.Ialsowanttohelppeoplegetabetterunderstandingofpeoplewith____35____difficulty,”saidFirth.21.A.afraid B.capable C.proud D.short22.A.missed B.funny C.required D.boring23.A.insight B.inturn C.ontime D.onpurpose24.A.jumping B.swimming C.running D.jogging25.A.So B.But C.For D.Or26.A.honest B.average C.strong D.patient27.A.bought B.made C.borrowed D.won28.A.hopeless B.ready C.moved D.weak29.A.successful B.careful C.awful D.painful30.A.attracted B.forced C.pushed D.invited31.A.contributions B.agreements C.introductionsD.responses32.A.closed B.kicked C.opened D.broken33.A.remember B.share C.record D.sell34.A.drop B.steal C.change D.realize35.A.learning B.hearing C.dancing D.smelling【答案】21.A22.C23.D24.B25.B26.C27.D28.B29.A30.D31.A32.C33.B34.D35.A【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了BethanyFirth克服对水的恐惧，从不喜欢游泳到成为奥运冠军的励志故事。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是当她还是个小孩子的时候，她掉进了一个游泳池，这让她害怕水，决定永远不游泳。A.afraid害怕的；B.capable有能力的；C.proud自豪的；D.short短的。根据下文“determinednevertoswim.”可知，她害怕水，决定永远不游泳。故选A项。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：直到弗斯上了一所要求学生上游泳课的学校。A.missed被错过的；B.funny有趣的；C.required必需的；D.boring令人厌烦的。根据下文“Eventually,Firthcouldn’tavoid_____lessons”可知，弗斯上了一所要求学生上游泳课的学校。故选C项。【23题详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：费斯想尽一切办法逃避课程，比如故意把泳衣放在包里。A.insight在视野内；B.inturn轮流；C.ontime准时；D.onpurpose故意地。根据上文“Firthdideverythingshecouldtogetoutofthelessons”可知，她故意把泳衣放在包里。故选D项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：最终，费斯无法再逃避游泳课了——她不得不下水。A.jumping跳；B.swimming游泳；C.running跑；D.jogging慢跑锻炼。根据上文“swimminglessons”可知，费斯无法再逃避游泳课了。故选B项。【25题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：但令人惊讶的是，一旦她开始游泳，她就再也没有放弃。A.So所以；B.But但是；C.For因为；D.Or或者。根据句意可知，前后句为转折关系。故选B项。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她定期训练，成为一名强壮的游泳运动员。A.honest诚实的；B.average平均的；C.strong强壮的；D.patient有耐心的。根据上文“Shetrainedregularly”可知，她成为了一名强壮的游泳运动员。故C。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她在2012年伦敦残奥会上获得金牌。A.bought买；B.made制作；C.borrowed借；D.won赢得。根据下文“winning”可知，她在2012年伦敦残奥会上获得金牌。故选D项。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当2016年里约残奥会到来时，她觉得自己已经准备好了。A.hopeless无希望的；B.ready准备好的；C.moved感动的；D.weak弱的。根据上文“Afterhersuccess,Firthcontinuedtotrainhard.”可知，她觉得自己已经准备好了参加残奥会。故选B项。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：费斯抓住了这个机会，成功地赢得了三枚金牌和一枚银牌。A.successful成功的；B.careful认真的；C.awful糟糕的；D.painful疼痛的。根据下文“afterwinningthreegoldsandasilver”可知，成功地赢得了三枚金牌和一枚银牌。故选A项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：2017年，费斯被邀请到白金汉宫接受荣誉勋章(MBE)，以表彰她对游泳的贡献。A.attracted吸引；B.forced迫使；C.pushed推；D.invited邀请。根据下文“toBuckinghamPalacetoreceiveanhonour(MBE)”可知，指被邀请去参加。故选D项。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：2017年，费斯被邀请到白金汉宫接受荣誉勋章(MBE)，以表彰她对游泳的贡献。A.contributions贡献；B.agreements同意；C.introductions介绍；D.responses反应。根据上文“Herhardworkpaidoff.She______goldinthe2012LondonParalympics(残奥会).”以及“Firthtookthechanceandreturnedhome______afterwinningthreegoldsandasilver.”可知，表彰她对游泳的贡献。故选A项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我觉得体育为我打开了很多扇门。A.closed关闭；B.kicked踢；C.opened打开；D.broken打破。根据上文“Herhardworkpaidoff.She______goldinthe2012LondonParalympics(残奥会).”以及“Firthtookthechanceandreturnedhome______afterwinningthreegoldsandasilver.”可知，她挑战了自己，取得了成功，所以体育为她打开了很多扇门。故选C项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很高兴分享我的故事，并帮助激励人们实现他们的梦想。A.remember记得；B.share分享；C.record记录；D.sell卖。根据下文“helpinspirepeopleto______theirdreams.”可知，BethanyFirth很高兴分享了自己的故事。故选B项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很高兴分享我的故事，并帮助激励人们实现他们的梦想。A.drop掉落；B.steal偷；C.change改变；D.realize实现。根据下文“theirdreams”可知，帮助激励人们实现他们的梦想。故选D项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我还想帮助人们更好地了解有学习困难的人。A.learning学习；B.hearing听；C.dancing跳舞；D.smelling闻。根据上文“earningdifficulty”可知，BethanyFirth想帮助人们更好地了解有学习困难的人。故选A项。第二部分非选择题（共两节，满分30分）第一节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。OnthemorningofFebruary5,TangYuman,___36___highschoolstudentfromHuludaocity,waswatchingthesunrisebytheseasidewhenhenoticedsomeonefloating(漂浮)onthewater’ssurface.Tangshoutedinthatdirection,butthere___37___(be)noresponse.“Ididfeelalittlescaredatthatmoment,butIknewImustrescue(搭救)theperson,”saidTang.Tangtookoffhiscoatwithout___38___(hesitate)andjumpedintothewater.Thoughhefeltpainfullycold,hetriedhisbest___39___(reach)thedrowning(溺水的)person.Itwasanoldwoman.Tangliftedhershouldersoutofthewater___40___drewhertowardtheshore.Hetriedseveraltimestopushtheelderlywomantotheshore,butwasonlyabletopull___41___(she)ontotheice.Hekepthimselfcalmandcalled120forhelp.Whilewaiting___42___thedoctors,Tangalsogavetheelderlywomanfirstaid,ashefoundshehadtroublein___43___(breathe).Justthen,anotherman,___44___wasonamorningrun,cameovertohelpthem.Thegranny___45___(rush)tothehospitalafterthedoctorsarrived.Thankstothepair’stimelyrescue,shegotoutofdanger.【答案】36.a37.was38.hesitation39.toreach40.and41.her42.for43.breathing44.who45.wasrushed【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过叙述唐玉满在海边看日出时救人的事件，展现了他的勇敢和冷静，同时也体现了在紧急情况下如何采取有效措施的重要性。【36题详解】考查冠词。句意：2月5日早上，来自葫芦岛市的一名高中生唐玉满在海边看日出时，注意到水面上有人漂浮着。此处泛指“一名高中生”，且high发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。【37题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：唐朝着那个方向大喊，但没有回应。根据上文shouted可知，本句描述过去的动作和状态，故时态用一般过去时，谓语用过去式，且therebe句型遵循就近原则，此处be动词与noresponse保持一致，用was。故填was。【38题详解】考查名词。句意：唐毫不犹豫地脱下外套，跳进水里。without为介词，后跟hesitate的名词hesitation“犹豫”，作宾语。故填hesitation。【39题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：虽然他感到刺骨的寒冷，但他尽力去救那个溺水的人。tryone’sbesttodosth.“尽力做某事”为固定搭配，本空用reach“达到，能伸到”的不定式。故填toreach。【40题详解】考查连词。句意：唐把她的肩膀从水里抬起来，把她拉向岸边。liftedhershouldersoutofthewater与drewhertowardtheshore并列，用连词and连接。故填and。【41题详解】考查代词。句意：他试着把老太太推到岸边好几次，但只能把她拉到冰上。pull为动词，后跟人称代词宾格her“她”，作宾语。故填her。【42题详解】考查介词。句意：在等医生的时候，唐还给老太太做了急救，因为他发现她呼吸困难。waitforsb.为固定搭配，意为“等待某人”。故填for。【43题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在等医生的时候，唐还给老太太做了急救，因为他发现她呼吸困难。in为介词，后跟breathe“呼吸”的动名词breathing，作宾语。故填breathing。【44题详解】考查定语从句。句意：就在这时，另一个正在晨跑的人过来帮忙。本空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是man，指人，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导。故填who。【45题详解】考查动词语态。句意：医生到来后，老奶奶被迅速送往医院。此处描述过去发生的事情，时态用一般过去时，主语thegranny与动词rush“快速运输，速送”之间为被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，be动词用was。故填wasrushed。第二节写作（共1题，满分20分）46.假如你是苏华，刚刚收到外国笔友Mike的邮件TO:suhuajschina@123.comFROM:mikenewzealand@123.comDearSUHua,Howiseverythinggoing?LastyearIreadanarticleaboutthehistoryanddevelopmentofJiangsuinanEnglishmagazine,andIloveit.IwillleaveschoolnexttermandIameagertovisitJiangsu,especiallyNanjing,itscapitalcity.CouldyoutellmesomethingmoreaboutNanjing?Thankyouverymuch.Regards,Mike请根据邮件，用英文写一封回信，内容要点如下：(1)历史悠久：曾经是六朝古都。(2)景色优美：名胜众多、如中山陵、玄武湖。(3)美食丰富：盐水鸭等很受欢迎。(4)教育发达：拥有很多名校。注意：(1)包含所有要点，适当发挥，不要简单翻译。(2)词数100左右。开头和结尾已经写好，不计入总词数。(3)文中不得提及有关考生个人身份的任何信息，如校名、人名等。参考词汇：朝代dynasty中山陵Dr.SunYat-sen’sMausoleum盐水鸭saltedduck___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】DearMike,I’mgladtohearfromyouandknowyourinterestinNanjing.Nanjingboastsalonghistory,onceservingasthecapitalforsixdynasties.Itsrichculturalheritageistrulyfascinating.Thecityisrenownedforitsbreathtakingscenery,withnumerousfamousattractionslikeDr.SunYat-sen’sMausoleumandXuanwuLake,whichoffertranquilandpicturesquesettingsforvisitors.Whenitcomestofood,Nanjingisaparadiseforfoodies.Thelocalspecialty,saltedduck,isincrediblypopular,knownforitsdelicatetasteanduniquepreparation.Moreover,Nanjingishometomanyprestigiouseducationalinstitutions,reflectingitsadvancededucationalsystem.I’msureyou’llhaveawonderfulexperienceexploringNanjing.Ifyouneedanymoreinformationortraveltips,feelfreetoask.Lookingforwardtoyourvisit!Bestregards,SuHua江苏省2022-2023学年普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语试卷第一部分选择题（共两节，满分70分）第一节阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAstrategyisaplanfordoingsomethingwell.Youcanusestrategiesbefore,during,andafterreading.BeforeYouReadLookatthetitle,headings,andphotographsorillustrations.Thinkaboutwhatyoualreadyknowaboutthetopic.GuesswhatthetextwillbeaboutandwhatyoumightlearnfromreadingitSetapurposeforreading.WhileYouReadThinkaboutwhatyouunderstandandwhatyoudonotunderstand.Usethereadingstrategiesbelowtohelpyouunderstandthetext.Usestorystructure(结构):Payattentiontothecharacters,background,andplot(情节)eventstohelpyouunderstandhowastoryisorganizedMakeasummary:Stopforashortwhileasyou