七选五2024高考英语二轮复习

2024高考专题复习七选五解题攻略近三年高考真题七选五考情分析根据设空处在文中段落的位置可分为三类题型：（1）段首句：通常是段落主题句或与后文形成并列、转折、因果等关系又或是段落间的过渡句；（2）段中句：所挖句子通常为细节句或过渡句，一般考查上下文的逻辑关系，与前后句形成并列、递进、因果、转折等关系；（3）段尾句：通常是结论、概括性语句又或者是引出下一段的内容；句子在段落中的位置不同，所起的作用也不同。命题人之所以采用段首、段中和段尾三种挖空方式，正是利用挖空位置的暗示作用和挖空上下文的提示作用，来考查考生的逻辑思维能力。题型特点解题思路1.设空在段首遵循结构一致原则名词短语或祈使句承上启下【真题试炼】[2023·全国甲卷]TricksToBecomingAMorePatientPerson●Practicegratitude(感激)●Makeyourselfwait●__39__Somanyofushavethebeliefthatbeingcomfortableistheonlystatewewilltolerate,andwhenweexperiencesomethingoutsideofourcomfortzone,wegetimpatientaboutthecircumstances.Youshouldlearntosaytoyourself,“40.Thisismerelyuncomfortable,notintolerable．”You'llthengraduallybecomemorepatient.A．FindyourcausesB．StartwithsmalltasksC．AccepttheuncomfortableD．AllthisaddsuptoastateofhurryE．ItcanalsohelpuspracticemorepatienceF．Thisismerelyuncomfortable,notintolerableG．They'reallsituationswherewecouldusealittleextrapatience[解析]根据本段内容“Somanyofushavethebeliefthatbeingcomfortableistheonlystatewewilltolerate,andwhenweexperiencesomethingoutsideofourcomfortzone,wegetimpatientaboutthecircumstances.”可知，本段提到了舒适是我们唯一能容忍的状态，结合前文的小标题都是祈使句可知，本段的主旨与接受不舒适相关，选项中uncomfortable对应后文comfortable。故“接受不舒服”符合语境答案：C·Continuallychallengeyourselftotrysomethingnew.38Artisticgrowthcanbeabitpainful.Welcometotheclub;we'veallbeenthere.Ilovetakingonchallenges.Ioncetookupachallengetocreateapaintingeverydayforamonthandposttheworksonline.·39Seekingandacceptingconstructivefeedback(反馈)iscrucialtogrowth.Ipostmyworkonsocialmediaand,inturn,havemetsomeofthekindestpeople.Theymakemefeelvaluedandrespected,nomattermylevelofartisticability.A．Getoutofyourcomfortzone.B．Makecareerplansandsetgoals.C．Don'tthrowawayyourbeginnerart.D．Shareyourworkifyoufeelcomfortabledoingso.E．You'llhitroadblocks,andyou'llfeeldiscouragedattimes.F．Evaluateyourperformanceand,ifneeded,redefineyourrole.G．You'lldevelopthatpaintingmusclememorythatonlycomeswithrepetition.【真题试炼】[2023·新课标Ⅱ卷][解析]

[结合本空的位置可知，本空考查段落主旨句。根据本段中的“Seekingandacceptingconstructivefeedbackiscrucial...Theymakemefeelvaluedandrespected”可知，本段讲到了可以利用社交媒体寻求建设性的反馈以及这样做的好处，故D项“Shareyourworkifyoufeelcomfortabledoingso.(分享你的作品，如果这样做让你觉得舒服)”适合作本段的主旨句。]【真题试炼】[2021·新高考Ⅰ卷]Parisiansaredifferentfromyouandme.Theyneverlooklazyoruntidy.Assomeonenotedinthispaperacoupleofweeksago,theyeatgreatfoodandnevergainweight.38.The__food__is__so__delicious__that__you__don't__need__much__of__it__to__make__you__happy.Frenchstrawberriesdonottastelikecardboard.Instead,theyexplodeinyourmouthlikelittleflavorbombs.__39__OnourfirstmorninginParis,Iwentaroundthecornertothefoodmarkettopickupsomegroceries.Iboughtahandfulofperfectlyripesmallstrawberriesandalittlesweetmelon.MyhusbandandIagreedtheywerethebestfruitwehadevereaten.Buttheycost$18!D．Theamazingfoodismainlyconsumedbylocalfarmers.E．That'snottheonlyreasontheFrencheatlessthanwedo.F.Ouraimwastoseeifwecouldlive,insomeway,likerealParisians.[解析]根据设空处所在的位置可知，该空很可能是承上启下的过渡句。根据上文内容可知，设空处的上一段介绍了法国人吃得少的一个原因是他们的食物美味，本段继续说法国人吃得少的另一个原因，即水果价格昂贵。因此设空处应起到承上启下的作用。分析选项可知，E项符合该处语境，且选项中的that指代上文论述过的原因。2、设空在段中当设空在段中时，通常考查与前后句子之间的逻辑关系和上下文的衔接。一篇文章往往是一个有机的整体，各部分之间存在着一定的联系。从逻辑意义上来看，句子与句子之间常常有并列、顺承、递进、转折、总分、解释、因果等关系，有时甚至包含多种这样的关系。因此，理解阅读材料时一定要把握文章脉络，弄清其中的逻辑关系。如果文中或选项中出现了逻辑关系词，学生就可以利用逻辑关系词来进行推断；如果文中或选项中未出现逻辑关系词，这就需要学生全面理解文章大意，根据上下文语境弄清文章内在的逻辑关系，做出正确的判断。2.设空在段中设空处在段中的句子，多为过渡性的句子，句间逻辑关系紧密，有递进、转折、解释或例证等关系，并在段落中起承上启下的作用。主要逻辑关系有:1.例证关系设空处的句子是为了证明前一句内容而举的例子或做的释义。常见的例证关系标志词：2.转折关系若设空处前后两句之间是逻辑上的逆转，则设空处很有可能表示转折。表示转折关系的标志词语有in

otherwords、thatistosay、

forexmple、forinstance、actually、infact、asamatteroffact等。but、however、nevertheless(然而)、instead、while、yet、though、altough、or、otherwise、onthecontrary(与之相反)、incontrast(相反)、incomparison(相比之下)、by

comparison(通过对比)等。3.因果关系表示因果关系的标志词语有so、therefore、thus、consequently、asaresult(of)、so/such...that、so(that)等。4.递进关系若设空处前后两句之间是逻辑上的递进关系，则设空处很有可能是个表示递进的句子。表示递进关系的标志词语有also、besides、further、futhermore、moreover、what'smore、what'sworse、inadition、aswell、tomakemattersworse、notonly..but(also)等。5.并列关系表示并列关系的标志词语有and、first(ly)..second(ly)、first(ofall)...then/next...finally/last、tobeginwith、some...others、foronethingforanotherthing等。【真题试炼】[2023·全国乙卷]Whyareindoorplantsgoodforyou?WillSpoelstra，whoworksattheRoyalBotanicGardens，says，“__38__.Ifindduringthewintermonths，plantsaroundthehousecanreallyliftyourmood.”Severalstudieshavebackedthisupandfoundthatindoorplantscanimprovecreativity，focusandmemory.Thereisalsoresearchshowingthatpotplantscancleantheairaroundthembyremovingharmfulgases，suchascarbondioxide.Theyalsoremovesomeharmfulchemicalsfrompaintsorcooking.39.Plants__like__peace__lilies__and__devil's__ivy__are__among__the__best．A．AllplantsaredifferentB．NotonlydotheylookbeautifulC．TherearemanybenefitstogrowingplantsindoorsD．Instead，theygrowbetterinside，whereitiswarmerF．ChangingthepotofyourplantfromtimetotimewillalsohelpG．Learningabouttherequirementsofeachplantcanbeveryrewarding[解析]根据本段小标题和本段内容可知，该段主要讲述了室内种植绿植有许多好处，此处引用别人的话可以总结全段，引发下文分别论述种植绿植的好处，形成总分结构。答案：C【真题试炼】[2023·浙江高考1月卷]Bringablanket.Whenyou'reridingontrains，youwon'tbeprovidedwithablanketforfree，evenifyourtripisanovernightone.__38__Inthesummerinparticular，theairconditioningcanmakethemquitecold.A．Traintripsaren'tforimpatienttypes.B．You'llhaveviewsfrombothsidesofthetrain.C．Thetemperatureonrailcarsisoftenhardtocontrol.D．That'sparticularlytrueduringbusysummermonths.E．Youmighthavetowaitlongerthan24hourstocatchthenextone.F．Chancesarethecostwillbealotlessthanthecostofonebedroom.G．Hemayalsobookyouinasleepingcarthat'srightnexttothediner.[解析]从空后句子中的“inparticular”可以看出，这句话是对空处的进一步解释。选项“车厢中的温度经常很难控制”和空后的句子“尤其是夏天，空调会使车厢变得很冷”在逻辑上吻合。答案：C【真题试炼】[2023·全国甲卷]•MakeyourselfwaitInstantgratification(满足)mayseemlikethemost“feelgood”optionatthetime，butpsychologyresearchsuggestswaitingforthingsactuallymakesushappierinthelongrun.Andtheonlywayforustogetintothehabitofwaitingistopractice.__38__．Putoffwatchingyourfavoriteshowuntiltheweekendorwait10extraminutesbeforegoingforthatcake.You'llsoonfindthatthemorepatienceyoupractice，themoreyoustarttoapplyittoother，moreannoyingsituations.A．FindyourcausesB．StartwithsmalltasksC．AccepttheuncomfortableD．Allthisaddsuptoastateofhurry[解析]根据空前的“theonlywayforustogetintothehabitofwaitingistopractice”可知，空处讲到的应该是如何练习。空后则进一步列举生活中可以尝试的小事，例如“Putoffwatchingyourfavoriteshowuntiltheweekendorwait10extraminutesbeforegoingforthatcake”。选项“从小任务开始”承上启下，并且能与后文形成例证关系，故B项符合语境。【真题试炼】[2021·新高考Ⅰ卷]MyhusbandandIjustspentaweekinParis.__36__Sothefirstthingwedidwasrentafantasticallyexpensivesixth­floorapartmentthesizeofacupboard.Itwassotinythatwehadtoleaveoursuitcasesinthehallway.D．Theamazingfoodismainlyconsumedbylocalfarmers.E．That'snottheonlyreasontheFrencheatlessthanwedo.F.Ouraimwastoseeifwecouldlive,insomeway,likerealParisians.G．Thefoodissodeliciousthatyoudon'tneedmuchofittomakeyouhappy.[解析]根据空后的So可知，

设空处与空后一句之间构成因果关系。故“我们的目的是想看看我们能否像真正的巴黎人一样生活”是作者和她丈夫在巴黎租住公寓的原因。答案：F【真题试炼】[2023·全国乙卷]Indoorplantsmightlookasiftheyjustsitaroundnotdoingmuch，butinmanywaystheyaretheunsungheroesofthehome.__36__，butstudieshaveshownthattheycanpromotepeople'swellbeingbyimprovingtheirmood(心情)，reducingstressandhelpingtheirmemory.What'smore，indoorplantsareeasytolookafterandarenotveryexpensive.A．AllplantsaredifferentB．NotonlydotheylookbeautifulC．TherearemanybenefitstogrowingplantsindoorsD．Instead，theygrowbetterinside，whereitiswarmer[解析]空后表明室内绿植还可以通过改善心情、减轻压力、增进记忆力来提升人们的幸福感，且空后的but与选项中的Notonly在意思上构成递进关系。答案：B【真题试炼】[2022·新高考Ⅰ卷]So,howdoyoufindaworkoutpartner?Firstofall,decidewhatyouwantfromthatperson.__37__Ordoyoujustwanttobephysicallyfit,abletomovewithstrengthandflexibility?Thinkabouttheexercisesyouwouldliketodowithyourworkoutpartner.A．Yourfirstmeetingmaybealittleawkward.B．Aworkoutpartnerusuallyneedstolivecloseby.C．You'llworkharderifyoutrainwithsomeoneelse.D．Doyouwanttobeabetterathleteinyourfavoritesport?E．Howcanyouwriteagood“seekingatrainingpartner”notice？[解析]选段第一段提到关于如何找到一个健身伙伴，第二段提到首先要决定你想要从那个人那里得到什么。根据空后一句Ordoyoujustwanttobephysicallyfit...？可知，设空处与空后一句之间是并列关系，设空处也应是一般疑问句，是对本段首句的进一步解释。答案：DThethirdtechniqueistotryprintingoutatriple-spaced(三倍行距)copytoallowspaceforrevision.4Asaresult,thesewritersnevergetinthehabitofcrossingoutchunks(大块)oftheirdraftandwritingrevisionsintheblankspace.Afteryouhaverevisedyourdraftuntilitistoomessytoworkfromanymore,youcanenteryourchangesintoyourwordprocessor.A．Makesureyourhandwritingisneat.B．Letyourpenfollowthewavesofthought.C．Theseconddraftoftheessayshouldbebetter.D．Firstofall,learnthetechniqueofnonstopwriting.E．Toomanywriterstrytogettheirdraftsrightthefirsttime.F．Manybeginningwritersdon’tleaveenoughspacetorevise.G．Thenyoucanprintoutafreshdraft,againsettingyourtextontriple-space.F因果关系同根词复现【真题试炼】[2022·新高考ⅠI卷]

PersonalForgivenessTakingresponsibilityformistakesisapositivestep,butdon'tbeatyourselfupaboutthem.Toerr(犯错)ishuman.36Youcanusethefollowingwritingexercisetohelpyoudothis.Inajournaloronapieceofpaper,puttheheading“Personalstrengths.”37

Areyoucaring?Creative?Generous?Agoodlistener?Funtobearound?Theydon'thavetobeworld-changing,justaspectsofyourpersonalitythatyou'reproudof.A.Alittleself-forgivenessalsogoesalongway.B.Nowlistallthecharacteristicsyoulikeaboutyourself.C.Theymightevenliketohaveagoatdoingtheexercise.D.It'sjustasimportanttoshowyourselfsomeforgiveness.E.Itdoesn'tmeanyouhavetoignorewhat'shappenedorforgetit.F.Whateveritis,nomatterhowsmallitmightseem,writeitdown.G.Whateverthemistake,rememberitisn'tafixedaspectofyourpersonality.D代词指代B近义词复现【真题试炼】[2023·新课标Ⅰ卷]3.设空在段尾【真题试炼】[2023·全国乙卷]·Whatareindoorplants?Indoorplants，alsoknownashouseplantsorpotplants，areplantsthatliketogrowindoors.Manyofthesespecies(物种)arenotideallysuitedtogrowingoutsideintheUK，especiallyinthewinter.__37__．A．AllplantsaredifferentB．NotonlydotheylookbeautifulC．TherearemanybenefitstogrowingplantsindoorsD.Instead，theygrowbetterinside，whereitiswarmerE．Plantslikepeaceliliesanddevil'sivyareamongthebestF．ChangingthepotofyourplantfromtimetotimewillalsohelpG．Learningabouttherequirementsofeachplantcanbeveryrewarding[解析]本空前的句子表否定，认为很多植物不适合在英国户外种植，尤其是冬天，D项跟前句形成对比关系，表达相反的情况：growinside和warmer，同时instead表转折，可以承接前句。

TricksToBecomingAMorePatientPersonHere'sariddle:Whatdotrafficjams,longlinesandwaitingforavacationtostartallhaveincommon?There'soneanswer：

36.

IntheDigitalAge,we'reusedtohavingwhatweneedimmediatelyandrightatourfingertips.However,researchsuggeststhatifwepracticedpatience,we'dbeawholelotbetteroff.Hereareseveraltricks.A.FindyourcausesB.StartwithsmalltasksC.AccepttheuncomfortableD.AllthisaddsuptoastateofhurryE.ItcanalsohelpuspracticemorepatienceF.Thisismerelyuncomfortable,notintolerableG.They'reallsituationswherewecouldusealittleextrapatience【真题试炼】[2023·全国甲卷][解析]

段落过渡句根据空前的“There'soneanswer”可知，本空要回答前面的问题“Whatdotrafficjams，longlinesandwaitingforavacationtostartallhaveincommon？”。同时，根据文章标题关键词“Patient”和常识可知，本句同样需要引出下文对如何多些耐心的讨论。答案：G【真题试炼】[2023·全国乙卷]WillSpoelstra，whoworksattheRoyalBotanicGardens，says，“38.There__are__many__benefits__to__growing__plants__indoors