上海外国语大学附中2025届高考英语一模试卷含解析

上海外国语大学附中2025届高考英语一模试卷注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号和座位号填写在试题卷和答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型（B）填涂在答题卡相应位置上。将条形码粘贴在答题卡右上角"条形码粘贴处"。2．作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试题卷上。3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。4．考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．Thenewscameasnosurprisetome.I______forsometimethatthefactorywasgoingtoshutdown.A．hadknown B．knewC．haveknown D．know2．—I’mafraidIcouldn’tgotoyourbirthdayparty.IhaveatestnextMonday.—Oh，！You’remybestfriendandyoumustbethere！A．goahead B．comeon C．youneedn’t D．itdoesn’tmatter3．Philipswon8goldmedalsattheBeijingOlympicGames,__________astonishedtheworld.A．that B．which C．what D．who4．Theyintendedtohavetheschoolbetterequipped，thelocalgovernmentwas notabletogetenoughmoneytodoso.A．unless B．while C．although D．once5．Itwasadifficultjobforhim.Hehadtriedeverythingbutitmadelittle________.A．use B．goodC．difference D．result6．I_____upmymindwhatIwasgoingtosayintheseminar,butitwascancelled.A．havemadeB．hadmadeC．wasmakingD．wouldmake7．—Accordingtomymother,itisagoodideatohavesomechickensoupwhenyouhaveacold．—_____,scientistsagreewithher．A．SoonerorlaterB．OnceinawhileC．BelieveitornotD．Tobeexact8．Ifyouleavethisapplicationformandgotoanotherwebsite,youwilllose______youhavealreadyfilledoutonthisform.A．whateverB．whoeverC．whereverD．whenever9．—Howwouldyoulikeyourtea?—_____.A．VeryquicklyB．Asitcomes,pleaseC．VerymuchD．Idon’tliketea10．Airpollution,togetherwithlittering,____manyproblemsinourlargeindustrialcitiestoday.A．causes B．cause C．caused D．causing11．Alongwiththeemailwasmybrother’spromise______Icamefirstinthecompetition,hewouldbuymeanMP4.A．what B．that C．thatif D．whether12．Thegovernmenthasbeenundergrowingpressureto______thecausesofairpollutionassmogfrequentlysmothersthecountry’slargecities.A．release B．scheduleC．maintain D．address13．makesmestressedistheentranceexaminationiscomingnearerandnearer.A．It;what B．What;that C．What;what D．That;that14．—Sorry,sir.I______followyou.Wouldyoupleasespeakslower?—Ok.A．can’t B．mustn’t C．shouldn’t D．needn’t15．Thecreationcankeeppeopleawayfromtheirsmartphonesinawaysimilarto________e﹣cigaretteshaveallowedpeopletoquitsmoking．A．that B．howC．which D．what16．_____howtogetalongwithothersisveryimportantinsuccess.A．KnowB．KnownC．HavingknownD．Knowing17．—________!Somebodyhasleftthelabdooropen.—Don’tlookatme.A．Hi,there B．DearmeC．Thankgoodness D．Comeon18．IfeelIamaswell-behavedandascarefulasmydeskmate,but_______Ialwaysfallbehind?A．howabout B．howcomeC．whatif D．whatfor19．Notuntilhewentabroadtofurtherhisstudy_______theimportanceofEnglish.A．hashefoundB．hehasfoundC．didhefindD．hehadfound20．Largequantitiesoftime______forpractisingguidedwritings.A．wasneeded B．areneeded C．needs D．isneeded第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21．（6分）Summertimehasalwaysbeenmyabsolutefavoritetimeoftheyear.WhenIwasinschool，IjustlivedforthelongsummerholidayswhenIcouldplaywithmyfriendsandmysisteralldayatourease.Everyonehasdifferentassociationswithsummer.Forsome，theythinkofthesmelloffreshlycutgrass，forsomeit'slyingonabeachreadingabookandforothersitmightbethetasteoflemonadeoricecream.IamsohappytobespendingthissummerwithmyfamilyandchildhoodfriendshereintheHighlandsofScotlandafterayearawayinFrance.OneofmyfavoritethingstodoinsummerisgotoseetheHighlands.TheseeventshappenallacrosstheHighlandsandIslandsofScotlandoverthesummerandareagreatchanceforfriendsandfamiliestogettogetherandsupportthelocalcommunity.AHighlandGameseventisabiggatheringwithfoodstalls（货摊），fairgamesforchildrenandsportscompetitions.ManyofthesportsareveryspecifictoScottishtraditionsuchas"cabertoss".Thisisacompetitioninwhichthecompetitorsattempttoliftafull-lengthtreelogandthrowitintotheair.TheoldestHighlandGamesofScotlandarenowaniconic（象征性的）partoftheScottishsummer.Summerjustwouldnotbecompleteformewithoutmyfavoritefruit-strawberries.HereintheHighlands，strawberriesaregrownasoneofthebest-sellersoverthesummermonthsandonethingIlovetodoonawarmsummerafternoonistopicksomestrawberriestoeatwithcreamattheendoftheday.Ifyoucomehere，Ithinkyouwillfallinlovewiththem.1、Whydidtheauthortreasuresummertimeasachild?A．Itwasalonghotholidayforhim.B．Hecouldseehisbrothereveryday.C．Hewasabletofeelquiterelaxed.D．Itwasthebesttimetolivealife.2、Whatcanwelearnaccordingtothefirstparagraph?A．TheauthorwasbornandraisedinFrance.B．Theauthorspentoneyearoutofhiscountry.C．TheauthormovedtoScotlandwithhisfamily.D．Theauthordevotedmuchtimetoreadingbooks.3、WhatwillyouseeataHighlandGamesevent?A．Peoplegivingahandtothoseinneed.B．Kindsofdeliciousfoodandhappychildren.C．AculturaldisplayofScottishtradition.D．Someextremesportscompetitions.4、Whydoestheauthorrefertostrawberries?A．Toshowheonlytakesinterestinthisfruit.B．ToprovetheHighlandsisbestforsummer.C．Toattractreaderstobuystrawberries.D．Tosuggeststrawberriesarethebestfruit.22．（8分）SinceAppStorewassetup,ithasbeensellingconsumersonesimplethingchoice.Whetheryouwantedtoplaygames,readthenews,ordoathousandotherthings,therewassomethingforwhateveryoudesired.Thensomethingfunnyhappened.LoggingintotheAppStoretodayislikegoingintoashoppingmallwithonlyacoupon(优惠券)foronething:There’ssomuchchoice;itmightbeeasiertogiveupthantochoose.Itisn’tconsumerswhoareburdened,though.Toomuchcontentofallkindsalsohaseconomiceffects.Whencountlesschoicesareavailable,itcausespressure,pushingpricesdownanddrivingusabitcrazy.Sowhatisthewayforward?Itmaywellbetoturnlesschoiceitselftothemarketingstrategy.Therearealreadysignsthatthisishappening.Firstlycontentcompaniesarelookingtopreventtheirofferingsfromgettinglostinthetonsofstuff.MostobviousisDisney,whichisplanningtoopenitsownstreamingservicenextyear.ThepointistonarrowthefocussothatthoseseekingDisneycartoonswillhaveoneplacetogo,ratherthanbeingaroundvariousservices.Yetifthatrepresentsacarefulfirststep,therearemoreextremeoptionstoo.Considertheideaofawineclub:fromtensofthousandsofbottleseachyear,subscriberspaysomeonetoselectthemostinterestingones.Perhapswhatcomesnextfordigitalcontentissimilar-carefullyselectedofferingsfromtrustedsourcesthatputchoicesinthehandsofsomeoneelseinordertogetridoftheanxietyofchoosing.Uptonow,toomuchchoiceindigitalmediahasonlyonesolution:thealgorithm（运算法则）．Butwe＇veseenthetroublewithalgorithmsonYouTubeTheyfeedyouonlywhatyou’vealreadysaidyoulike,notthingsyoumaynotknowyoureinto.Worse,theyhaveatendencytoserveupdisturbingcontenthewayforwardcantsimplybemoreorbetteralgorithms.Instead,it'stimefordigitalcompaniestostartthinkingabouthowtoputlimitsonthings:onhowmuchwecanuseadevice,orwhatweareavailabletochoosefrom.Aswemovefurtherintothedigitalrevolution,whatpeopleaskforisclear:Less.1、Whatwilltoomuchchoiceofcontentonthemarketresultin?A．TheshutdownofcompaniesB．TheanxietyofconsumersC．ThepoorqualityofproductsD．Theslowdownofeconomy2、WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtoParagraphs4and5?A．ContentcompaniesshouldwithdrawtheirofferingsonlineB．ContentcompaniesshouldposttheirofferingsonAppStoreC．ContentcompaniesadoptdifferentmethodstonarrowtheconsumersfocusD．ContentcompaniesopentheirownstreamingservicesonYouTube3、Howdoalgorithmsprobablyrespondtoconsumersneeds?A．TheymakeabetterchoiceforthemB．TheyhelptoremovedisturbingcontentC．TheychangetheirinterestindigitalmediaD．Theyfailtoofferwhattheypossiblylike4、WhatistheauthorsattitudetowardslimitingthechoiceconsumershaveA．Approving.B．SkepticalC．Opposing.D．Neutral23．（8分）Onarecentspringmorning.SusanAlexander,aretiredgovernmentintelligenceanalyst,leftherMarylandhome,climbedintoherVolkswagenPassatanddroveaboutthreemilestopickuptwostrangers.Shebattledrush-hourtrafficontheCapitalBeltwayandGeorgeWashingtonMemorialParkwaybeforedroppingthemoffatReaganNationalAirport.Shedidn'tearnacentforhertrouble,andthatwasthepoint.AlexanderisamemberoftheSilverSpringTimeBank-oneofmorethan100suchexchangesaroundtheworldtryingtobuildcommunitybyexchangingtimecreditsforservicesinsteadofdollarsandcents.“Ihavetime,”shesaid.“Ilikegivingthegiftoftimetootherpeople.“InAlexander'scase,passengersMaryandAlLiepoldweregratefulfortheride,butitwasn'tcharity.Mary,aretiredwriterandeditorfornonprofitorganizations,usedtimecreditsshebankedforeditingworkandbaking.Seniorcitizenswhodon'tdrive,theLiepoldscashedintheircreditstocatchaflighttoMontrealforafive-dayvacation.Withoutmoneychanginghandsorshiftingbetweenvirtualaccounts,theairportdrop-offwasmorelikeacoffeepartythanataxiride.Driverandpassengerschattedaboutprojectsthey'vecompletedforthetimebank,andnooneraisedaneyebrowwhenMarysaidshelikes“toavoidtheconventionaleconomy.““Thebeautyofthisisthatyoumakefriends,”MaryLiepoldsaid.“Youdon'tjustgetservices.”TheSilverSpringTimeBankformedin2015andhasabout300members,saidco-founderMaryMurphy.Lastyear,shesaid,l,000hourswereexchangedforbasichomerepairs,dogwalking,cookingandtailoring,amongotherservices,withouttheexchangeofmoney.“Yougettosavethatmoneythatyouwouldhavespent,”shesaid.“Yougettomeetsomebodyelseinyourcommunityandgettoknowthatperson.That'sabonusthat'spartofanexchange.“AdealperformedpartlytomakefriendswouldseemtogoagainstclassicaleconomicsandoneofBenjaminFranklin'smostmemorablesayings:”Timeismoney.“Tothoseattheforefrontofmodemtime-banking,thatistheappeal.1、What'sthemainpurposeoftheSilverSpringTimeBank?A．Tobetterservethelocaleconomy.B．Tohelppeoplegettoknowmorefriends.C．Toprovidetheelderlywithtimelyfinancialhelp.D．Tobuildcommunitybyexchangingtimecreditsforservices.2、HowdidtheLiepoldspayfortheirride?A．Incash. B．Bycreditcard.C．Bycheque. D．Withtimecredits.3、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inthelastparagraphreferto?A．Makingfriends. B．Classicaleconomics.C．Modemtime-banking. D．Franklin'sfamoussaying.4、Whatisthesuitabletitleforthetext?A．Timeismoney B．Themorefriends,thebetterC．Givingthegiftoftime D．Swappingtimecreditsforservices24．（8分）Americanwomenwhoworkascomputerprogrammers,chefsanddentistsearn28percentlessthanmendoingthesamejobs.Thosearethejobswiththebiggestwagedifferencesbetweenmenandwomen,accordingtoanewstudy.Overall,thestudyfoundthatwomenearn5.4percentlessthanmenfordoingthesamejob,inthesamelocationandforthesameemployer.ThewagedifferencesbetweenwomenandmenweresimilarintheUnitedKingdom,Australia,GermanyandFrance.5.4percentisabigdifferenceinpaybetweenmenandwomenbecauseitcannotbeexplainedbywomenandmentakingthesamekindsofjobs.Itcanonlybeexplainedbybias(倔见)againstwomen,orothercauses,suchaswomennotbeinggoodataskingforpay.Researchsuggeststhatwomendonotnegotiate(交涉)aswellasmenwhenitcomestopay.Andwomenaregenerallymoreuncomfortableaskingfellowemployeeshowmuchtheymake,sotheycanseeiftheyarebeingpaidfairly.Accordingtothestudy,womenearnedatleast15percentlessthanmeninthesejobcategories:psychologists,pharmacists,physicians,opticians,pilotsandgameartists.Butinthefieldsofsocialwork,sellingmerchandise,researchassistantsandphysicianadvisors,womenearnmorethanmen.Insocialwork,womenearned7.8percentmorethanmen,thereportsaid.Thatwasthejobcategorywiththebiggestadvantageforwomen.Itwasstillfarlessthanthe28percentpayadvantageformeninsomefields.Comparingsalariesforfull-timeworkers,womenearnonly79percentasmuchasmen.Overalifetime,thatmuchofadifferenceinpaycanamounttoalargeamountofmoney.Womenonlyearned57percentasmuchasmenin1975.Itisnowupt079percent.Thatisprogress,thereportsays,butnotenough.1、Whichofthefollowinghasthebiggestpaydifferencesbetweenwomenandmen?A．Apilot.B．Agameartist.C．Aresearchassistant.D．Acomputerprogrammer.2、Whydowomenearnlessthanmenwhendoingthesamejob?A．Theydon’ttrytheirbesttofightforbetterpay.B．Theycarelessabouttheirpaythanmen.C．Bossesusuallylooksdownuponwomen.D．Theydon-tworkaseffectivelyasmen.3、Howmuchincomedofull-timewomenworkerslosecomparedwithmen?A．5.4%.B．7.8%.C．21%.D．28%.4、Whatdoesthereportthinkofthewomen'spay?A．Itisgrowingratherquickly.B．Itisrisingbutnotsatisfying.C．Itisnotfairforwomenworkers.D．Itisreasonableforpresentsituation.25．（10分）Solarenergysystems&powerplantsdonotproduceairpollution,waterpollution,orgreenhousegases.Usingsolarenergycanhaveapositive,indirecteffectontheenvironment,whensolarenergyreplacesorreducestheuseofotherenergysourcesthathavelargereffectsontheenvironment.However,somepoisonousmaterialsandchemicalsareusedtomakethephotovoltaic(光电池的)cellsthatconvertsunlightintoelectricity.Somesolarthermal(保热的)systemsusepotentiallyhazardousliquidstotransferheat.Leaksofthesematerialscouldbeharmfultotheenvironment.U.S.environmentallawsregulatetheuseandsettlementofthesetypesofmaterials.Aswithanytypeofpowerplant,largesolarpowerplantscanaffecttheenvironmentneartheirlocations.Theplacementofthepowerplantmayhavelong-termeffectsonthehabitatsofnativeplantsandanimals.Somesolarpowerplantsmayrequirewaterforcleaningsolarcollectorsandconcentratorsorforcoolingturbinegenerators.Usinglargevolumesofgroundwaterorsurfacewaterinsomedrylocationsmayaffecttheecosystemsthatdependonthesewaterresources.Inaddition,thebeamofconcentratedsunlightasolarpowertowercreatescankillbirdsandinsectsthatflyintothebeam.Theamountofsolarenergythattheearthreceiveseachdayismanytimesgreaterthanthetotalamountofallenergythatpeopleconsumeeachday.However,onthesurfaceoftheearth,solarenergyisavariableandirregularenergysource.Theamountofsunlightandtheintensityofsunlightvariesbytimeofdayandlocation.Weatherandclimateconditionsaffecttheavailabilityofsunlightdailyandonaseasonalbasis.Thetypeandsizeofasolarenergycollectionandconversionsystemdetermineshowmuchoftheavailablesolarenergywecanconvertintousefulenergy.1、Whichofthefollowingbestexplains"hazardous"underlinedinparagraph2?A．inexpensive B．dangerousC．ineffective D．abnormal2、Whatinfluencecanlargesolarpowerplantshaveonthelocations?A．Pollutingthegroundwater.B．Protectingthehabitatsofplantsandanimals.C．Damagingthelocalnaturalbalance.D．Attractingbirdsandinsectstothearea.3、Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytellus?A．Differentareasreceivedifferentamountofsolarenergy.B．Howtoconvertsolarenergyintousefulenergy.C．Therelationshipbetweensolarenergycollectionandthesunlight.D．Somefactorsthatinfluencetheamountofsolarenergycollection.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）Idon’trememberhernameandwouldnotrecognizeherifIweretopassheronthestreet.ButIdo1thekindnessgivenbyastrangerandthedifferenceithasmadeinmylife.OneSunday,IwastoldtodressinmybestclothesforIwasgoingto2ShesmiledbrightlyasIgotintohercar,thecarofa3Ididnotevenknowhername,buthereIwas,alongwithfourothersI4fromourlow-incomeneighborhood,onourwaytochurch.Aswe5intotheparkinglot,Irememberhowbeautifultheoldstonebuildingwaswithitstallsteeple(尖塔)andstainedglasswindows.The6seemedlong,andnotaccustomedtotherituals(仪式)oftheCatholicChurch,Ifeltoutofplace.Oncetheservicehadended,I7tobetakenhome,but8weheadedintheoppositedirection.Weweretakentoasmall9withthefurnishingsthatportrayedasimplelifestyle.Twotablesweresetupwithlargeboxes10puzzles.Asshemadeushotchocolate,wewere11tobeginworkingthepuzzles.Itwasaquietandhappytime.Icameto12Sundays，tohotchocolate,topuzzlesthat13wherewehadleftofftheweekbefore,andtotheloveIfeltwhenevershe14atme.Onceour1,000-piecepuzzleshadbeencompleted,shenolongercameto15usuponSundays.Iwastoldshewas16andnolongerabletotravel.However,I17ifperhapsitwastimeforherto“rescue”thenextgroupofchildren.Togivethemhopethatkindnessstill18andcanbefoundwithinthosewecallstrangers.Iamforty-fouryearsoldnowandoftenshow19tostrangerswhengiventhechance.Iknowshemaynotmoveamongstusnow,butIhopeshesmileswhensheseesthathereffortstoreachouttothoselessfortunate201、A．forget B．understand C．remember D．see2、A．school B．college C．hospital D．church3、A．friend B．stranger C．teacher D．leader4、A．recognized B．described C．realized D．offered5、A．pulled B．pushed C．broke D．stopped6、A．service B．holiday C．cure D．ceremony7、A．imagined B．recommended C．expected D．expressed8、A．besides B．except C．instead D．still9、A．park B．apartment C．field D．path10、A．consisting B．concluding C．including D．containing11、A．instructed B．explored C．convinced D．determined12、A．payattentionto B．devoteto C．lookforwardto D．leadto13、A．covered B．replaced C．changed D．remained14、A．stared B．smiled C．threw D．glared15、A．make B．pick C．take D．bring16、A．lost B．gone C．ill D．old17、A．wondered B．wandered C．hoped D．insisted18、A．gathers B．exists C．drops D．moves19、A．respect B．guidance C．signs D．kindness20、A．appear B．fade C．continue D．create第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27．（15分）Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Asastudent,Igetsomanyassignmentseveryday.I1．stayuplateinordertofinishallmyhomework.Iusedtocomplainaboutallthispressure2．schoolwithmyclassmates.Wedidnotappreciateourteachersfortheirhardwork.Weonlyknewthatwegotalotofhomework.Afterafewmonths,wedidnotcomplainabouthomeworkanymore3．weknewthatourteachersworked4．(hard)thanwedid.Wehadnoright5．(complain).Sometimes,wesaid,“Ididn’tgotobeduntil2:00o’clocklastnight.NowIjustwanttosleep.”Ourteacherwouldanswerus,“Igotobedat1:00a.m.everyday.”Sinceweknewhowhardteacherswork,westartedtoappreciatethem.Togiveourthanks,wewroteabigcardtotheteacherswhenitwasteachers’day.Whentheygotourcard,they6．(touch)becausetheirstudentsfinallyknewtheteachers’effort.Aftergivingthecard,Irealized7．powerfulthesentence“thankyou”is.Whenwegiveourthankstosomebody,theworldisfulloflove.Isay“thankyou”tomyfriend,classmates,teachers,andevenstrangers.Iliketoseethesmilesontheirfaces,so8．(say)“thankyou”everydayisthewayImaketheworldabetterplace.第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）28．（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文，文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。DearPeter,It’safairlylongtimesinceyouleaveourschool.Imissyouverymuch.Iseverythinggoingwell?ThebookyourecommendedmeisverybenefittomyEnglishstudies.IthasabundantreadingmaterialswhatIneedmost,greatlybroadenmyhorizon.NowIhavebecomemoreinterestinginEnglish.Beside,sinceIcanexpressmyselfmuchbetterthanever,I’vebeenmadesomenewforeignfriends.Thankstomykindnessandconsideration,I’vemaderapidprogressesinEnglish.I’mlookingforwardtomoreadvicefromyou!Yours,LiHua第二节书面表达（满分25分）29．（25分）假设你是李华，你的美国笔友Peter对中国春联(SpringFestivalcouplets）产生了浓厚的兴趣，来信向你了解中国的春联文化。请你回信为他介绍春联的用途、内容和寓意等。注意：1、词数100左右。2、可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearPeter,_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua

参考答案第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1、A2、B3、B4、B5、C6、B7、C8、A9、B10、A11、C12、D13、B14、A15、B16、D17、B18、B19、C20、B第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21、1、C2、B3、B4、B22、1、B2、C3、D4、A23、1、D2、D3、A4、D24、Anewstudysuggeststhatwashingdishesbyhandishealthierthanusingadishwasher.Nobodylikesdoingthedishes,butitturnsoutthatdoingthistaskmightpayoffinanunexpectedway.AccordingtoanewstudypublishedintheJournalofPediatrics,washingdishesbyhandinsteadofusingadishwashermightpreventthedevelopmentofallergies(过敏).ResearchersinSwedensurveyedtheparentsof1,029childrenaged7and8.Theydiscoveredthatchildrenwhosefamilieshand-washedthedishesinsteadofusingamachinewerelesslikelytohaveallergies.Earlierresearchhasshownthatdisheswashedbymachinearecleanerthanthosewashedbyhand.Sowhywouldkidswhoeatoffofslightlydirtierplatesbebetteroffwhe