决战阅读之说明文-物品说明类2 精讲课件（强化篇）

(高中说明文)物品说明类2决战阅读之巅

让学生对物品说明类说明文有更深的理解。培养学生对说明文进行逻辑思考和整体框架总结的能力。让学生学会一套系统的，有逻辑的说明文做题方法。学会使用“脱衣服”大法分析长难句。积累与物品说明类说明文相关的主题词汇。真题讲解示例22019全国卷ⅠC

PART3123GroupdiscussionWhatcanwedotoprotectourprivacy?Howmuchdoyouknowaboutinformationdisclosure?smartkeyboard智能键盘题目见讲义①Asdataandidentitytheftbecomesmoreandmorecommon,themarketisgrowingforbiometric(生物测量)technologies—likefingerprintscans—tokeepothersoutofprivatee-spaces.Atpresent,thesetechnologiesarestillexpensive,though.②ResearchersfromGeorgiaTechsaythattheyhavecomeupwithalow-costdevice(装置)thatgetsaroundthisproblem:asmartkeyboard.Thissmartkeyboardpreciselymeasuresthecadence(节奏)withwhichonetypesandthepressurefingersapplytoeachkey.Thekeyboardcouldofferastronglayerofsecuritybyanalyzingthingsliketheforceofauser’stypingandthetimebetweenkeypresses.Thesepatternsareuniquetoeachperson.Thus,thekeyboardcandeterminepeople’sidentities,andbyextension,whethertheyshouldbegivenaccesstothecomputerit’sconnectedto—regardlessofwhethersomeonegetsthepasswordright.③Italsodoesn’trequireanewtypeoftechnologythatpeoplearen’talreadyfamiliarwith.Everybodyusesakeyboardandeverybodytypesdifferently.④Inastudydescribingthetechnology,theresearchershad100volunteerstypetheword“touch”fourtimesusingthesmartkeyboard.Datacollectedfromthedevicecouldbeusedtorecognizedifferentparticipantsbasedonhowtheytyped,withverylowerrorrates.Theresearcherssaythatthekeyboardshouldbeprettystraightforwardtocommercializeandismostlymadeofinexpensive,plastic-likeparts.Theteamhopestomakeittomarketinthenearfuture.(2019全国卷ⅠC)题目见讲义摘要:2019年全国卷I一般特殊型

说明文引言正文总结Tosolvetheproblemofprivatee-spacestechnology,researcherscameupwithalow-costdevice.Thissmartkeyboardpreciselymeasuresthecadence(节奏).Thekeyboardcouldofferastronglayerofsecurity.Thesepatternsareuniquetoeachperson.Everybodyusesakeyboardandeverybodytypesdifferently.Theresearcherssaythatthekeyboardshouldbestraightforwardtocommercialize.Theteamhopestomakesmartkeyboardtomarketinthenearfuture.1.Whydotheresearchersdevelopthesmartkeyboard?2.Whatmakestheinventionofthesmartkeyboardpossible?3.Whatdotheresearchersexpectofthesmartkeyboard?快速通读文章完成下面的摘要，并找出所对应的题目。MindMap2019全国卷1说明对象事物概况（what）设计原理（how）asmartkeyboardcanbeusedtoprotectpeople’sprivacyandislow-costmeasurethecadenceofferastronglayerofsecuritydoesn’trequirenewtechnology应用前景Thesmartkeyboardcanprotectpeople’sprivacyandishopedtomarketinthefuture.determinepeople’sidentitiesonetypesandthepressurefingersapplytoeachkeyanalyzethingsandthetimebetweenkeypressesliketheforceofauser’stypingthepatternsareuniquetoeachpersoneverybodyusesakeyboardandeverybodytypesdifferently4.Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?题目速览678Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?A.Adiary. B.Aguidebook.C.Anovel. D.Amagazine.9Whatdotheresearchersexpectofthesmartkeyboard?A.It’llbeenvironment-friendly.B.It’llreachconsumerssoon.C.It’llbemadeofplastics.D.It’llhelpspeeduptyping.Whydotheresearchersdevelopthesmartkeyboard?A.Toreducepressureonkeys.B.Toimproveaccuracyintyping.C.Toreplacethepasswordsystem.D.Tocutthecostofe-spaceprotection.Whatmakestheinventionofthesmartkeyboardpossible?A.Computersaremucheasiertooperate.B.Fingerprintscanningtechniquesdevelopfast.C.Typingpatternsvaryfrompersontoperson.D.Datasecuritymeasuresareguaranteed.细节理解题细节理解题细节理解题文章出处题asmartkeyboardcanbeusedtoprotectpeople’sprivacyandislow-cost题干定位说明对象拆解：说明文（一般特殊型）细节理解题6STEP1：定位信息段Whydotheresearchersdevelopthesmartkeyboard?A.Toreducepressureonkeys.B.Toimproveaccuracyintyping.C.Toreplacethepasswordsystem.D.Tocutthecostofe-spaceprotection.①Asdataandidentitytheftbecomesmoreandmorecommon,

themarketisgrowingforbiometric(生物测量)technologies—likefingerprintscans—tokeepothersoutofprivatee-spaces.Atpresent,

thesetechnologiesarestillexpensive,

though.

②

ResearchersfromGeorgiaTechsaythattheyhavecomeupwithalow-costdevice(装置)thatgetsaroundthisproblem:

asmartkeyboard.expensivegetsaroundthisproblem:asmartkeyboard技巧点拨：同义词替换答案指向句分析Asdataandidentitytheftbecomesmoreandmorecommon,themarketisgrowingforbiometric(生物测量)technologies—likefingerprintscanstokeepothersoutofprivatee-spaces.Atpresent,thesetechnologiesarestillexpensive,though.themarketisgrowingforbiometrictechnologies状语likefingerprintscans定语Asdataandidentitytheftbecomesmoreandmorecommon状语从句参考译文随着数据和身份的盗窃现象越来越常见，生物测量技术的市场逐渐增长，比如指纹识别是为了防止进入别人的私人电子空间。然而，目前那些科技仍然比较昂贵。23341124thepatternsareuniquetoeachperson题干定位设计原理拆解：说明文（一般特殊型）细节理解题7STEP1：标关键词Whatmakestheinventionofthesmartkeyboardpossible?A.Computersaremucheasiertooperate.B.Fingerprintscanningtechniquesdevelopfast.C.Typingpatternsvaryfrompersontoperson.D.Datasecuritymeasuresareguaranteed.STEP2：定位信息段②

Thesepatternsareuniquetoeachperson.

Thus,

thekeyboardcandeterminepeople’sidentities,andbyextension,

whethertheyshouldbegivenaccesstothecomputerit’sconnectedto—regardlessofwhethersomeonegetsthepasswordright.Thesepatternsareuniquetoeachperson.技巧点拨:同义复现Thesepatternsareuniquetoeachperson.Thus,thekeyboardcandeterminepeople’sidentities,andbyextension,whethertheyshouldbegivenaccesstothecomputerit’sconnectedto—regardlessofwhethersomeonegetsthepasswordright.答案指向句分析Step1:去枝叶，找主干，括从句Step2:添加枝叶（定语状语同位语），补全句意thekeyboardcandeterminepeople’sidentitieswhethertheyshouldbegivenaccesstothecomputer11whether引导的宾语从句it’sconnectedto省略that的定语从句22regardlessofwhethersomeonegetsthepasswordright.whether引导的宾语从句33参考译文这些方式对每个人来说都是独一无二的。因此，就算有人输入正确的密码，智能键盘也可以识别出身份，进而决定是否让人访问与之相连的计算机。44Thesmartkeyboardcanprotectpeople’sprivacyandishopedtomarketinthefuture题干定位应用前景拆解：说明文（一般特殊型）细节理解题8STEP1：标关键词STEP2：定位信息段Whatdotheresearchersexpectofthesmartkeyboard?A.It’llbeenvironment-friendly.B.It’llreachconsumerssoon.C.It’llbemadeofplastics.D.It’llhelpspeeduptyping.④Theresearcherssaythatthekeyboardshouldbeprettystraightforwardtocommercializeandismostlymadeofinexpensive,plastic-likeparts.Theteamhopestomakeittomarketinthenearfuture.技巧点拨:同义词替换hopestomakeittomarketinthenearfutureTheresearcherssaythatthekeyboardshouldbeprettystraightforwardtocommercializeandismostlymadeofinexpensive,plastic-likeparts.答案指向句分析and在宾语从句中连接两个简单句thekeyboardshouldbeprettystraightforward11ismostlymadeofinexpensive,plastic-likeparts22andtocommercialize目的状语参考译文研究者表示，智能键盘商业化非常容易，大多由造价便宜、类似塑料的部件组成。答案指向句分析Theteamhopestomakeittomarketinthenearfuture.Theteamhopestomakeittomarket作目的状语inthenearfuture作时间状语参考译文他们团队希望在不久的将来它能进入市场。332112asmartkeyboardcanbeusedtoprotectpeople’sprivacyandislow-cost题干定位说明对象拆解：说明文（一般特殊型）文章出处题9STEP1：标关键词STEP2：定位信息段Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?A.Adiary. B.Aguidebook.C.Anovel. D.Amagazine.技巧点拨：文章出处题通常根据文中出现的关键词判断类型，从而得出答案。②ResearchersfromGeorgiaTechsaythattheyhavecomeupwithalow-costdevice(装置)thatgetsaroundthisproblem:

asmartkeyboard.low-costdevice回顾2019全国卷I说明对象事物概况（what）设计原理（how）asmartkeyboardcanbeusedtoprotectpeople’sprivacyandislow-costmeasurethecadenceofferastronglayerofsecuritydoesn’trequirenewtechnology应用前景Thesmartkeyboardcanprotectpeople’sprivacyandishopedtomarketinthefuture.determinepeople’sidentitiesonetypesandthepressurefingersapplytoeachkeyanalyzethingsandthetimebetweenkeypressesliketheforceofauser’stypingthepatternsareuniquetoeachpersoneverybodyusesakeyboardandeverybodytypesdifferentlyQ6Q9Q7Q8Tip1:阅读理解满分还在于____________的理解。Tip2:长难句分析可以采用_________________：①______________________________________________;②______________________________________________;③______________________________________________。Tip3:善于比较_______________________________

长难句脱衣服大法去枝叶留主干，去掉定语、状语、同位语、插入语等找主干，括从句，弄懂主干汉语意思依次还原枝叶，得到完整句意文中长难句与选项的关系SUMMARYTip1:说明文文章出处题常与_____________有关。Tip2:说明文中心句常出现在_____________,

常见的标志词/句：①____________________________________;②____________________________________;③____________________________________。Tip3:说明文主旨题正确选项特征_____________________主旨大意说明对象Themarketis…标题或段首Theresearcherisdeveloping…Recenttechnologiesare…同义复现/概括呈现词汇梳理：同义/近义复现①Asdataandidentitytheftbecomesmoreandmorecommon,

themarketisgrowingforbiometric(生物测量)technologies—likefingerprintscans—tokeepothersoutofprivatee-spaces.Atpresent,

thesetechnologiesarestillexpensive,

though.②ResearchersfromGeorgiaTechsaythattheyhavecomeupwithalow-costdevice(装置)thatgetsaroundthisproblem:

asmartkeyboard.

Thissmartkeyboardpreciselymeasuresthecadence(节奏)withwhichonetypesandthepressurefingersapplytoeachkey.

Thekeyboardcouldofferastronglayerofsecuritybyanalyzingthingsliketheforceofauser’stypingandthetimebetweenkeypresses.

Thesepatternsareuniquetoeachperson.

Thus,

thekeyboardcandeterminepeople’sidentities,

andbyextension,

whethertheyshouldbegivenaccesstothecomputerit’sconnectedto—regardlessofwhethersomeonegetsthepasswordright.6Whydotheresearchersdevelopthesmartkeyboard?A.Toreducepressureonkeys.B.Toimproveaccuracyintyping.C.Toreplacethepasswordsystem.D.Tocutthecostofe-spaceprotection.comeupwithgetsaround词汇梳理：同义/近义复现④Inastudydescribingthetechnology,

theresearchershad100volunteerstypetheword“touch”fourtimesusingthesmartkeyboard.Datacollectedfromthedevicecouldbeusedtorecognizedifferentparticipantsbasedonhowtheytyped,

withverylowerrorrates.

Theresearcherssaythatthekeyboardshouldbeprettystraightforwardtocommercializeandismostlymadeofinexpensive,plastic-likeparts.

Theteamhopestomake