广东省茂名市2023-2024学年高二上学期期末测试英语试卷（含答案）

广东省茂名市2023-2024学年高二上学期期末测试英语试卷姓名：__________班级：__________考号：__________题号一二三四五六七总分评分一、第一部分阅读，第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读理解ExploreYourCity:Well-LovedParksinSpringfield,MASpringfield,Massachusetts,isacitythatenjoysmanybeautifulparks.Whetheryou'relookingforanapartmenttorentinSpringfield,homesforsale,ormoreparkstoexplore,readontogetstarted.BluntParkBluntParkhasover100acresofgreenspaceandrecreational(娱乐的)facilities,includingaswimmingpool,playgrounds,tenniscourts,andathleticfields.Youcanalsoexplorethepark'swalkingandbikingpaths,windingthroughthestrikingforestsandbreathtakinglandscape.Inaddition,theparkishometoseveralhistoricsites,includingtheWorldWarⅡMemorial.ForestParkGoingtoForestParkisanimpressiveadventurethatoffersvisitorsachancetoexploretheregion'snaturalbeauty.Theparkishometoover735acresofgreenspace,includingabrilliantrosegarden,azoo,agolfcourse,andaboatinglake.ExplorewalkingandbikingtrailsandappreciateviewsoftheConnecticutRiver.Dr.SeussGardenTheDr.SeussNationalGardenisanattractivedestination,whichfeaturesaseriesofsculptures(雕塑)describingsomeofDr.Seuss'sfavouritecharacters,includingTheCatintheHat,HortontheElephant,andTheLorax.Youcanwanderthroughtheparkandappreciateimaginativedesignsofthesculptures.Thegardenisaperfectdestinationforfamiliesandartlovers.RobinsonStateParkRobinsonStateParkisapeacefuldestinationthatshowsthenaturalbeauty.Theparkhasover800acresofgreenspace,includingforests,grasslands,andasceniclake.Italsofeaturesseveralfantasticrecreationalfacilities,includingpicnicareas,aplayground,andabeachonthelake,whichmakeitapopulardestinationforfamilies.Clicktolearnmore:10Mouth-WateringRestaurantsinSpringfield1．Whichistheperfectdestinationifyouenjoynatureandhistory?A．Dr.SeussGarden. B．ForestPark.C．RobinsonStatePark. D．BluntPark.2．WhatdoDr.SeussGardenandRobinsonStateParkhaveincommon?A．Theyofferentertainmentliveshows.B．Theyfeatureartandimagination.C．Theyarewonderfulsitesforfamilyactivities.D．Theyaresuitableforwalkingandbiking.3．Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A．Acitybrochure. B．Atravelblog.C．Ageographytextbook. D．Ahistorymagazine.阅读理解"Everylifeisaboat,thedreamistheboatsail."Everychildhasadreamofwhattheywanttobe.WhenReneeButtswaslittle,herdreamwastobecomeavolunteerfirefighterbecauseherfatherwasone.Sadly,whenshewas14,herbelovedfatherdiedandshewasneverabletodovolunteerworkwithhim.However,Renee'sstorydidn'tendthere.Shewasdeterminedandnevergaveup,whichmakesforagoodfirefighter.NowReneeisamemberoftheCarmelFireDepartment,wheresheisrequiredtobeanEmergencyMedicalTechnician.Sheshouldalsobereadytodealwithanyemergency,likefightingafire,dealingwithacaraccidentorhelpingsomeonewho'ssick.Sometimessheisinthedriver'sseatorusingthewaterpump.Reneeworksninetoelevendaysamonthon24-hourshifts.Shealsohasafamilytocarefor,asherhusbandisalsoabusyfirefighter.Dealingwithhouseworkandworkingsomuchcanshowhergreatdetermination.WhenIaskedReneewhatthebestpartofherjobwas,shereplied,"Helpingpeopleandsavinglives."Ithinkthatshowssignsofbeingatruehero.She'salwayswillingtodoanythingforanyoneinneed.Reneesaysthatherjobisfrighteningattimes,butextremelyexciting."TheworstpartofmyjobisthatIseedeath.Actually,sometimespeopledieintheaccident,forwhichIamverysorry."With140peopleinherstation,Reneeisoneoftheonlythreewomen,butthatdoesn'tbotherher.Shesayseveryonecangetafairshotanddothesamejobs.IwasinspiredbythisbecauseIknewIwouldbeveryscaredtodoherjobanddidn'tknowifIcouldhandleseeingpeopledie.Wewouldneverlivewithoutpeoplelikeherwhohavethecouragetorisktheirlives.Renee'sdeterminationrubsoffonmeandmakesmebelievethatIcandoanything.4．WhathappenedtoReneewhenshewasfourteen?A．Shedroppedoutofschool.B．Shegotlostinaboatsailing.C．Herdreamtobeafirefightercametrue.D．Herfatherpassedaway.5．WhydoestheauthorbelieveReneeButtsisatruehero?A．Sheisoneoftheonlythreewomeninherstation.B．Shealwaystriesherbesttohelpanyoneinneed.C．Shefeelssorryforthepeopledyingintheaccident.D．Shehasbeenafirefighterforalongtime.6．HowdoesReneethinkofherjob?A．Frighteningbutexciting. B．Simpleandpleasant.C．Challengingbutpromising. D．Relaxingandcomfortable.7．Whatisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?A．TheauthorfeelsveryscaredtodoRenee'sjob.B．Renee'sstoryisaninspirationtotheauthor.C．Reneeencouragestheauthortoriskthelife.D．Theauthorcouldhandleseeingpeopledie.阅读理解StudentsofUnitedStateshistoryoftenlearnthatPlymouthRockinMassachusettsandJamestowninVirginiaweretheearliestsettlementsinNorthAmerica.Butmorethan50yearsearlier,theSpanishhadsettledinthefarnortheasterncornerofFloridainwhatisnowthecityofSt.Augustine.TheSpanishcontrolledSt.Augustinefrom1565until1821,exceptforabriefperiodofEnglishrulebetween1763and1783.St.AugustinebecamepartoftheUnitedStatesin1821whenSpainturneditsFloridaterritories,whichweretoocostlyforSpaintokeep,overtotheUnitedStates.Today,St.Augustineisasmalltown,covering27.7squarekilometresandhasapopulationofabout15,000.AndevenwithcenturiesofSpanishrule,itisdifficulttoseeSpain'sinfluenceonSt.Augustinebecausemostofthebuildingsfromthattimearelonggone.TheoldeststructureinSt.AugustineisCastillodeSanMarcos.Itisafort(要塞)builtbytheSpanishin1695toprotectagainstEnglishattacks.Thefortisnowanationalmonument.ThecitywasonceapopularplaceforwealthyAmericanstoescapethedifficultwintersinnorthernUSstates.Inthe1870s,businessmanHenryFlagler,afounderofStandardOil,decidedtobuildthreeworld-classhotelsforrichvisitors.TheywereHotelPoncedeLeon,HotelAlcazar,andHotelCordova.Buttherichdidnotstaylong.Within20years,therichdiscoveredthatPalmBeachontheothersideofFloridahadevenbetterweather.Today,HotelPoncedeLeonisFlaglerCollegeandHotelAlcazarhousescityofficesandamuseum.OnlyHotelCordova,thesmallestofthethree,isstillahotelbutisnowcalledHotelCasaMonica.Still,visitorsremainamainsourceofincomeforthecity.MorethanthreemillionpeoplevisitedtheSt.AugustineareabetweenJuly2021andJune2022.Manystayforjusttheday,butthecityhopestobringinevenmorevisitorsasSt.AugustinebecomesmorewidelyknownastheoldestcontinuouslyoccupiedUScity.8．WhatisthefunctionofParagraph1?A．Tointroducethetopicofthearticle.B．ToshowSt.Augustine'simportance.C．Totestthereaders'knowledgeaboutFlorida.D．Todrawthereaders'attentiontoSpanish.9．WhydidSpainturnitsFloridaterritoriesovertoAmerica?A．Thecostofgovernancewastoohigh.B．TheBritishattackedit.C．ItintendedtoweakenBritishruleinNorthAmerica.D．ItwantedtoincreasetheinfluenceoftheUS.10．WhatwasHenryFlagler'spurposeinestablishinghigh-endhotels?A．TopreserveSpanisharchitecturalstyle.B．Toserveasvariousfunctions.C．Toimprovethecity'sdefensecapabilities.D．Toprovideservicestothewealthy.11．WhatcanweinferaboutSt.Augustine?A．Manywealthypeopletakeafancytohaveatripthere.B．ItwasunderthecontrolofSpainforover300years.C．Historicalcharacteristicsarethefocusoftourismdevelopment.D．MostoftheSpanishbuildingsandbusinessescanbeseen.阅读理解Alaska'sMendenhallglacier(冰川)isabout20minutesbycarfromJuneau,thestatecapital.Itisoneofthearea'smostpopularsitesfortourists.Butclimatechangehascausedtheicetomeltandtheglaciertoretreat(消退).Thatmeansitislosingmoresnowandicethanitgains.ResearcherssaytheMendenhallglacierretreatedabout800metersbetween2007and2021.Mendenhallpoursdownfromrockylandbetweenmountainsandintoalakefilledwithicebergs.Specialsignsmarktheglacier'sretreat,showingwheretheiceoncestood.Expertsestimatethatby2050,peoplewillnotbeabletoseetheMendenhallglacierfromthevisitorcentrethatwasbuiltforit.ThatisalreadythecaseatsomeotherglaciervisitorcentresinAlaska.ThemeltingglacierleadstoquestionsfortheAlaskantourismindustry.Howcantourismleadershelpprotecttheglaciersforvisitorstoenjoy?Andshouldtherebelimitsonthenumberoftouriststothearea?TourismisanimportantpartofJuneau'seconomy.About1.6millioncruiseship(游轮)passengersareexpectedtostopinJuneau.Onespeciallybusydays,20,000peoplearriveeachdaytoacitythathasonly30,000full-timeresidents.ManojPillaiisacruiseshipworkerfromIndia.HerecentlygotoffhisshipandwenttoseetheMendenhallglacier."Theglacierissobeautifulnow,"hesaid.Buthewonderedwhatitmusthavelookedlike10or20yearsagoandwhatitwouldlooklikeinthefollowingdays.PeoplehavemanyreasonstowanttovisitAlaska,andallthevisitorshelpthestate'seconomy.ButinJuneau,tourismofficialsarequestioningwhetherthecityandsurroundingareascandealwithsomanyvisitorseachyear.Cityleadersandmajorcruiselineshaveagreedtoadailyfive-shiplimitfornextyear.Butcriticsworrythatmaynotdomuchtoreducetouristnumbersbecausetheshipsthemselveskeepgettingbigger.SomeJuneauresidentssaytheywouldlikeonedayaweekwithoutships.12．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"inParagraph2referto?A．TheMendenhallglacier. B．Thespecialsign.C．Theglacier'sretreat. D．Thetourismindustry.13．WhatisManojPillai'sattitudetowardsthefutureoftheMendenhallglacier?A．Confident. B．Annoyed. C．Concerned. D．Uninterested.14．Whatconclusioncanbedrawnfromthelastparagraph?A．Newcruiseshiprouteswillbeaddedinthefuture.B．Alaska'stourismhaslostitsappealtotourists.C．Thelocalgovernmentattachesgreatimportancetotourismsafety.D．Thelargenumberoftouristshasbroughtnegativeimpacts.15．Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A．ClimateChangeCreatesQuestionsforAlaska'sTouristEconomyB．ResidentsinJuneauAreAnxiouslyAwaitingaDecisionC．TheBestWaytoVisitAmazingAlaskaIsbyTakingaCruiseShipD．TheGlaciersAreDisappearing,ChangingtheFaceofAlaska二、第一部分阅读，第二节任务型阅读（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Couldexercisingatcertaintimeshelpmaximize(使增加至最大限度)ourfitnessgoals?Thereareclearbenefitstoexercisinginthemorning16．Anditmaythereforebeeasierforustosticktoamorningworkoutroutine.Astudyfoundthatparticipantswhoexercisedinthemorning,increasedtheirphysicalactivitythroughouttheday,werelessdistractedbyfood,andsleptbetter.Exercisingonanemptystomachbeforebreakfastcouldalsoburnmorefat.17．So,goodnewsforearlybirds,butwhatifyou'renotamorningperson?18．Forexample,yourbody'sabilitytoperformpeaks(高峰)intheafternoon,accordingtoa2010study.Also,intheafternoonandevening,yourreactiontimeisquickest,andyourheartrateandbloodpressurearelowest,whichreduceyourchanceofinjurywhileimprovingperformance.Butdoesanyofthischangedependonwhetheryou'reamanorawoman?Ourbodiesaredifferent,afterall,sothebesttimetoexercisemaybedifferenttoo19．Wanttoreduceyourbloodpressureandyou'reawoman?Exerciseinthemorning.Wanttoimproveyourhearthealthandyou'reaman?Eveningisbetterforyou.But,ultimately,thestudyfoundthatthereareclearbenefitsforbothsexestoexercisingateithertimeofday.20．Itseemstheansweris:whatevertimeisbestforyou!A.Isthereabesttimetoexercise?B.Sowhattimeisbest?C.Itmeansyou'llcontinuetoburncaloriesthroughouttheday.D.Manyofushavemorefreetimecomparedtolaterintheday.E.Workingoutintheafternoonoreveningalsohasbenefits,justdifferentones.F.Thestudyalsofoundweshouldexerciseforatleasthalfanhourdaily.G.A2022studylookedatexactlythisquestionandtheresultsshowedtherearesomedifferences.三、第二部分语言运用，第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Atagesixty-one,"Daddy"BruceRandolphopenedDaddyBruce'sBarbecueRestaurantinthe"FivePoints"area,apoorsectionofDenver.Hewasakindand21．man,whohelpednumerouspeople-notjusthiscustomers,butthepoorandthe22．EveryThanksgiving,Bruceandhissonwould23．engagethemselvesincookingforthethousandsofhomeless.Hewantedthemtohaveagreatandfree24．onthisspecialday.Aboutaweekbefore,Brucebegan25．allthefood.Intheearlyyearsofhisproject,hepaidforeverythingoutofpocket.Butastimewentby,the26．skyrocketedasthecrowdsgrew.That'swhenBruce's27．steppedintohelp.They28．tonsofturkeys,potatoes,yamsandribs.Andtheydonatedtheirtimetostandbehindandbesidetheoldman.They29．tocookandserveItwasararemomentto30．agentlemanservingfoodtoamanwholivedinacardboardboxunderneathaviaduct(高架桥).Duetotheparticipationofvariouspeople,itseemstherewasanendless31．offoodtofeedthosehomelesspeople.Nooneeverwalkedaway32．fromBruce'srestaurant.ItwasBrucewho33．thewholethingandsupervisedituntilafewyearsagowhenheedgedtowardsninety.Hehadbecometoooldto34．anymore.Hewasoneofthefewpeoplewholivedtoseeacitystreetnamedinhis35．MayorFedericoPenarenamedEast34thAvenue"BruceRandolphBoulevard".21．A．honest B．curious C．active D．generous22．A．homeless B．disabled C．old D．injured23．A．gradually B．confidently C．successfully D．completely24．A．dinner B．check C．ride D．journey25．A．transporting B．preparing C．handling D．collecting26．A．profits B．prices C．costs D．resources27．A．admirers B．relatives C．classmates D．customers28．A．donated B．ate C．sold D．produced29．A．demanded B．promised C．volunteered D．attempted30．A．see B．forbid C．catch D．stop31．A．charity B．supply C．discovery D．creation32．A．hungry B．thirsty C．hopeless D．tired33．A．raced B．started C．won D．discovered34．A．live B．stay C．work D．blame35．A．view B．honour C．favour D．life四、第二部分语言运用，第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ThepipaisafourstringedChinesemusicalinstrument,36．(belong)totheplucked(拨弦的)categoryofinstruments.SometimescalledtheChineselute,theinstrumenthas37．uniquepearshapedwoodenbodywithavaryingnumberoffrets(琴格)rangingfrom12to26ThepipaisoneofthemostpopularChineseinstrumentsand38．(play)foralmosttwothousandyearsinChina.InChina,plentyofmusicandstoriesareassociated39．thisinstrument.Themostpopularoneisaboutabeauty40．(call)WangZhaojun.ItissaidthatWangZhaojunbeganajourneynorthward41．(marry)anomad(游牧民族)rulerSheleftherhometownonhorsebackonabrightautumnmorningandalongtheway,thehorseneighed(嘶鸣),makingZhaojun42．(extreme)sadandunabletocontrolheremotions.Asshesatonthesaddle,shebegantoplaysorrowfulmelodiesonastringedinstrument.Agroupof43．(bird)flyingsouthwardheardthemusic,sawthebeautifulyoungwomanridingthehorse,immediatelyforgottoflaptheirwings,44．felltothegroundFromthenon,Zhaojunacquiredthenickname"dropbirds"or"luoyan".Later,themelody,45．wasplayedonthesaddle,wasregardedasZhaojun'sLament(《昭君怨》)andthestringedinstrumentwascommonlydescribedasapipa.五、第三部分写作，第一节根据汉语句子，完成英语句子，每个空格只准填一个单词。（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）46．例如，如果水管漏水或发生电线短路，你的智能房屋将会探测出来，并给你提供相关的信息。Forexample,ifawaterpipe,orifthereisashortintheelectricalwiring,yoursmarthomewillitandprovideyouwiththeinformation47．在其他地方，人们见面时更喜欢握手，弯腰鞠躬或者点头。Elsewhere,peopleshakinghands,the,ornoddingtheheadwhentheymeetsomeoneelse.48．与来自不同文化背景的人合作有助于我们从不同视角看待世界，进而让我们对自己的文化有更深入的了解。peoplefromdiverseculturalbackgroundshelpsusviewtheworldfromandthusgivesusmoreinsightintoourownculture49．尽管天气不佳，她们仍然泛舟驶入海湾，接着游览了一座岛屿。岛上有精致的店铺，出售手工艺品和古董。theweather,theywereabletotakeaboatrideoutintothe,andlatervisitanislandthathadwonderfulshopssellingcrafts.50．餐馆里一个叫张涛的人被牛排噎住了。Afellowdinerattherestaurant,ZhangTao,was.六、第三部分写作，第二节书面表达（满分15分）51．假定你是李华，你的美国朋友David发来邮件，提到中国所取得的科技成就举世瞩目，他非常想了解一些中国科学家的光荣事迹。请你用英语给他写一封邮件，向他介绍一位你最钦佩的中国科学家，内容包括：1.科学家的简介；2.取得的主要成就；3.对你的影响。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearDavid,Sincerelyyours,LiHua七、第三部分写作，第三节短文续写（满分25分）52．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Everychildhastheabilitytolearnandgrow.Mr.White,aneducationexpert,firmlybelievesinthis.Onmanyoccasions,hehasbeentellingatruestoryofhisexperiencestomanyyoungteacherswhohavejustjoinedtheprofession.Mr.Whiteusedtoworkinaremotehighschoolforseveralyears,teachingliterature.Hewasanenthusiasticteacherandthatrubbedoffonallthechildren.AlittlegirlnamedMeredithimpressedhimthemost.Thegirlwasaverywelleducatedgirlwithalivelymind,agirlwithambition.Theseventeen-year-oldgirlalwaysworeabrightsmile.However,shesufferedfromadiseaseandhadtouseawalkermostofthetime.Peopledidn'tspeaktoherveryoften.Maybeitwasbecauseshelookeddifferentandpeopledidn'tknowhowtoapproachher.Meredithusuallybroketheicewithpeopleshemetwithabig"Hi".Mr.Whitewasparticularlyconcernedaboutthisstudent.Hehopedthatotherstudentscouldactivelyapproachher,butheneverhadasuitableopportunity.Asateacher,therearesomethingsthatcannotbeclearlystated,especiallyinclasswhenMeredithwaspresent.Inoneclass,Mr.Whitegavethestudentsanassignment(作业)torecite(背诵)apoem.Heknewthatpoemwasdifficultforstudentstomaster.Mr.Whiteonlymadetheassignmentworthaverysmallpartoftheirtotalgradesinceheknewmostofhisstudentswouldn'tdoitanyway.Intheclass,onebyoneeachstudentfailedtocorrectlyrecitethepoem.Finally,annoyedandhalfkidding,Mr.Whitesaidthatthenextstudentwhocouldn'trecitethepoemhadtodothreepush-ups(俯卧撑).Tohissurprise,Meredithwasnext!Mr.Whitewasatalossforamoment,buthecouldn'ttakebackwhathehadjustsaid.Afterall,Meredithoncetoldhimnottohavespecialdemandsonher.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Meredithusedherwalkertomovetothefrontoftheclass."BecauseIwanttobelikeyouguys!Tobenormal,"Meredithsaid.

答案解析部分【答案】1．D2．C3．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了马萨诸塞州斯普林菲尔德市备受喜爱的几个公园。

【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、推理判断题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。1．考查细节理解。根据BluntPark部分中的"Youcanalsoexplorethepark'swalkingandbikingpaths,windingthroughthestrikingforestsandbreathtakinglandscape.Inaddition,theparkishometoseveralhistoricsites,includingtheWorldWarⅡMemorial."你也可以探索公园的步行和自行车道，蜿蜒穿过引人注目的森林和惊人的景观。此外，这个公园还有几处历史遗迹，包括二战纪念馆。可知，BluntPark是自然爱好者和历史爱好者的最佳目的地。故选D。2．考查细节理解。根据Dr.SeussGarden部分中的"Thegardenisaperfectdestinationforfamiliesandartlovers."花园是家庭和艺术爱好者的理想目的地；以及RobinsonStatePark部分中的"Italsofeaturesseveralfantasticrecreationalfacilities,includingpicnicareas,aplayground,andabeachonthelake,whichmakeitapopulardestinationforfamilies."它还具有几个梦幻般的娱乐设施，包括野餐区，一个游乐场和湖边的海滩，这使它成为一个受欢迎的家庭目的地。可知，这两个公园都是家庭出游的绝佳选择，故选C。3．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中"Clicktolearnmore"点击链接了解更多信息；以及冒号后的网页链接可知，该文章选自网站，因此有可能出自一篇旅行博客。故选B。【答案】4．D5．B6．A7．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了卡梅尔消防局的一名紧急医疗技术员蕾妮的故事，她的决心、无私和乐观的态度感染着作者，帮助作者相信自己。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和段落大意两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。4．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Sadly,whenshewas14,herbelovedfatherdiedandshewasneverabletodovolunteerworkwithhim."悲伤的是，当她14岁的时候,她挚爱的父亲去世了，她不能和他一起做志愿者工作了。可知，蕾妮的爸爸去世了。故选D。5．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"WhenIaskedReneewhatthebestpartofherjobwas,shereplied,'Helpingpeopleandsavinglives.'Ithinkthatshowssignsofbeingatruehero.She'salwayswillingtodoanythingforanyoneinneed."当我问蕾妮她工作中最棒的部分是什么时,她回答说:‘帮助别人,拯救生命。'我认为这是成为真正英雄的标志。她总是愿意为任何有需要的人做任何事。可知，作者认为蕾妮是一个真正的英雄是因为她愿意为任何有需要的人付出一切。故选B。6．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"Reneesaysthatherjobisfrighteningattimes,butextremelyexciting."蕾妮说，她的工作有时令人害怕，但又非常令人兴奋。可知，蕾妮认为她的工作既令人害怕，又令人兴奋。故选A。7．考查段落大意。根据最后一段"IwasinspiredbythisbecauseIknewIwouldbeveryscaredtodoherjobanddidn'tknowifIcouldhandleseeingpeopledie.Wewouldneverlivewithoutpeoplelikeherwhohavethecouragetorisktheirlives.Renee'sdeterminationrubsoffonmeandmakesmebelievethatIcandoanything."我受到了启发，因为我知道我会非常害怕做她的工作，不知道我是否能忍受看到人们死去。没有像她这样有勇气冒着生命危险的人，我们将永远活不下去。蕾妮的决心打动了我，让我相信我可以做任何事情。可知，本段主要讲述的是蕾妮的故事对作者的启发和鼓舞。故选B。【答案】8．A9．A10．D11．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了北美洲最早的殖民地圣奥古斯丁。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇历史类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。8．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"Butmorethan50yearsearlier,theSpanishhadsettledinthefarnortheasterncornerofFloridainwhatisnowthecityofSt.Augustine."但早在50多年前，西班牙人就已经定居在佛罗里达州的东北角，也就是现在的圣奥古斯丁市；以及下文可推知，第一段的功能在于引入文章话题。故选A。9．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"St.AugustinebecamepartoftheUnitedStatesin1821whenSpainturneditsFloridaterritories,whichweretoocostlyforSpaintokeep,overtotheUnitedStates."圣奥古斯丁于1821年成为美国的一部分，当时西班牙将其佛罗里达州的领土移交给美国，这对西班牙来说太昂贵了。可知因为管理成本过高，所以西班牙将其佛罗里达州的领土移交给了美国。故选A。10．考查细节理解。根据第五段中的"ThecitywasonceapopularplaceforwealthyAmericanstoescapethedifficultwintersinnorthernUSstates.Inthe1870s,businessmanHenryFlagler,afounderofStandardOil,decidedtobuildthreeworld-classhotelsforrichvisitors."这座城市曾经是美国富人躲避美国北部各州严冬的热门去处。在19世纪70年代，商人亨利·弗拉格勒，标准石油公司的创始人之一，决定为富有的游客建造三座世界级的酒店。可知，HenryFlagler建造宾馆的目的是为富人提供服务。故选D。11．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"AugustinebecomesmorewidelyknownastheoldestcontinuouslyoccupiedUScity."奥古斯丁作为美国最古老的城市而广为人知。可推知，历史特征是圣奥古斯丁旅游业发展的重点。故选C。【答案】12．A13．C14．D15．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了阿拉斯加冰川是最受游客欢迎的景点。但气候变化导致冰川融化，这给当地旅游带来新的挑战。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，代词指代和标题归纳三个题型的考查，是一篇旅游类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。12．考查代词指代。根据第二段中的"Expertsestimatethatby2050,peoplewillnotbeabletoseetheMendenhallglacierfromthevisitorcentrethatwasbuiltforit."专家估计，到2050年，人们将无法从为其建造的游客中心看到门登霍尔冰川。可知，it指的是theMendenhallglacier，故选A。13．考查推理判断。根据第五段"ManojPillaiisacruiseshipworkerfromIndia.HerecentlygotoffhisshipandwenttoseetheMendenhallglacier.‘Theglacierissobeautifulnow,'hesaid.Buthewonderedwhatitmusthavelookedlike10or20yearsagoandwhatitwouldlooklikeinthefollowingdays."ManojPillai是一名来自印度的游轮工人。他最近下船去看了门登霍尔冰川。"现在冰川太美了，"他说。但他想知道10年或20年前它一定是什么样子，以及接下来的日子会是什么样子。可知，ManojPillai对于门登霍尔冰川未来会是怎么样表示担忧。故选C。14．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"ButinJuneau,tourismofficialsarequestioningwhetherthecityandsurroundingareascandealwithsomanyvisitorseachyear."但在朱诺，旅游官员质疑该市及其周边地区每年能否接待这么多游客。可知，游客太多会带来负面影响。这座城市和周边区域都无法负荷这么多的游客。故选D。15．考查标题归纳。根据第三段"ThemeltingglacierleadstoquestionsfortheAlaskantourismindustry.Howcantourismleadershelpprotecttheglaciersforvisitorstoenjoy?Andshouldtherebelimitsonthenumberoftouriststothearea?"冰川融化给阿拉斯加旅游业带来了问题。旅游业领袖如何帮助保护冰川，以让游客尽情享受？是否应该限制前往该地区的游客数量？可知，冰川的融化给当地旅游业带来了挑战。故选A。【答案】16．D；17．C；18．E；19．G；20．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一天中不同时间锻炼所带来的好处。

【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇健康类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。16．根据空前"Thereareclearbenefitstoexercisinginthemorning."早上锻炼有着很明显的好处；以及空后"Anditmaythereforebeeasierforustosticktoamorningworkoutroutine."因此，对我们来说坚持早上锻炼可能更容易。可知，空前提出了早上锻炼有好处，空后的therefore与此空构成因果关系，D.Manyofushavemorefreetimecomparedtolaterintheday."比起晚些时候，很多人的时间更多"符合语境，比起一天中的晚些时候，早上的空闲时间更多，因此坚持早上锻炼对我们来说，更容易，故选D。17．根据空前"Exercisingonanemptystomachbeforebreakfastcouldalsoburnmorefat."早餐前空腹锻炼也能燃烧脂肪。可知，空前提到早餐前锻炼的好处，能燃烧脂肪，C.Itmeansyou'llcontinuetoburncaloriesthroughouttheday."它也就意味着在接下来的一整天，你都会继续燃烧脂肪。"符合语境，早上锻炼能让燃烧脂肪，接下来的一整天你都会继续燃烧脂肪，故选C。18．根据空前"butwhatifyou'renotamorningperson?"但是，如果你不是一个早期的人，应该怎么办呢？；以及空后"Forexample,yourbody'sabilitytoperformpeaks(高峰)intheafternoon,accordingtoa2010study."比如说，一项2010年的研究表明，你的身体在下午的时候达到最佳。空前提出问题，如何不是早起的人应该怎么办呢？空后举例说明，下午也是不错的时间，F.Thestudyalsofoundweshouldexerciseforatleasthalfanhourdaily."下午和晚上锻炼也会有好处，只是带来的好处有所不同。"承上启下，回答空前的问题，并引出下文，符合语境，故选F。19．根据空前"Butdoesanyofthischangedependonwhetheryou'reamanorawoman?Ourbodiesaredifferent,afterall,sothebesttimetoexercisemaybedifferenttoo."但是这些变化会取决于你的性别吗？毕竟，我们的身体是不同的，因此锻炼的最佳时间也会不一样。可知，空前提出问题，这种变化会取决于性别吗？G.A2022studylookedatexactlythisquestionandtheresultsshowedtherearesomedifferences."一项研究确切的研究了这个问题，并且结果也显示的确存在差异。"符合语境，故选G。20．根据空后"Itseemstheansweris:whatevertimeisbestforyou!"似乎答案就是：最适合你的时间就是最佳的时间。可知，空后回答问题，A.Isthereabesttimetoexercise?"那么，最好的时间是什么时候呢？"，本空提出问题什么时候最佳，空后回答问题适合你的时间就是最佳的时间，符合语境，故选A。【答案】21．D；22．A；23．D；24．A；25．B；26．C；27．A；28．A；29．C；30．A；31．B；32．A；33．B；34．C；35．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Bruce是一个善良慷慨的人，每到感恩节，就为穷人和无家可归的人准备大餐。他的善行也鼓舞了很多人参与到这项活动当中。

【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。21．句意：他是一个善良慷慨的人，不仅帮助了他的顾客，还帮助了许多穷人和无家可归的人。A.honest"诚实的，正直的"；B.curious"好奇的"；C.active"活跃的"；D.generous"慷慨的"。根据空后"whohelpednumerouspeople-notjusthiscustomers,butthepoorandthe2"；以及下文"EveryThanksgiving,Bruceandhissonwould3engagethemselvesincookingforthethousandsofhomeless."可知，Bruce经常帮助无家可归的人和穷人。每到感恩节，就会做饭给数以千计的无家可归的人。所以他是一个慷慨的人。故选D。22．句意：他是一个善良慷慨的人，不仅帮助了他的顾客，还帮助了许多穷人和无家可归的人。A.homeless"无家可归的"；B.disabled"残疾的"；C.old"年老的"；D.injured"受伤的"。根据下文"EveryThanksgiving,Bruceandhissonwould3engagethemselvesincookingforthethousandsofhomeless."可知，每到感恩节，Bruce就会做饭给数以千计的无家可归的人。所以他不仅帮助穷人，也帮助无家可归的人。故选A。23．句意：每年感恩节，布鲁斯和他的儿子都会全身心投入到为成千上万无家可归的人做饭的工作中。A.gradually"逐渐地"；B.confidently"自信地"；C.successfully"成功地"；D.completely"彻底地，完全地"。