统考版2025届高考英语一轮复习限时提分练十九必修④Unit4Bodylanguage含解析

PAGE限时提分练(十九)必修④Unit4BodylanguageⅠ.阅读理解A[2024·成都市高三诊断检测]PeopleoftenaskhowIdecidewheretogo,andIusuallygethesitatedwithmyresponse,asIdon'tactuallyhaveananswertothat.Formorethanthreeyears,Ihavebeenmakingmovementswiththeuniverse,travelingfromonelocationtoanotheratseeminglyrandomintervals.AfriendofminepostedamessageonlineaskingifanybodywasinterestedinajobteachingEnglishinChina.SoIjumpedonacomingplane.Walkingintomyfirstclass,Iwasbombedby16strangechildrenwhocouldn'tunderstandasinglewordoutofmymouth.WhenIwalkedoutofmylastclass,sixmonthslater,Ihadmadeapersonalconnectionwiththem.SomeofmystudentscouldbarelyspeakChineseorEnglish.Butsomehow，throughdeterminationandforce,wewereconnected.EveryclasswasnotonlyalessoninEnglish,butingoodfellowship,beingarolemodel,beingaparent,andbeingafriend.Ibecameafathertosome,anolderbrothertoothers.Iwaslovedandadored,fearedandhated.Ihadtolearndiscipline,andnotonlyhowtodealitout,buthowtodisciplineandconductmyselfasarolemodel.Butinbetweenthediscipline,Ihadtomakelearningafunexperience.AndtheyforgavemewhenIyelledorgotupset.Andwhentheylosttheirtempersorbruisedtheirkneesormissedtheirmommies,Iforgavethem,kissedtheirbruisesbetter,andgavethemashouldertocryon.TeachingEnglishinChinais,byfar,themostemotionallyrewardingandfulfillingthingI'veeverchallengedmyselftodo.Ihavewalkedawayfromthisjobwithasoftenedheart,knowingthatIhavemadeadifferenceinsomanylives.Iwantthat.Iwantmyteachingtobereciprocalbecausetheytaughtmehowtounconditionallyopenmyheartandhowtobeamorelovingandpatientperson.1．WhatcanwelearnaboutthewriterbeforehecametoChina?A．Hedidn'thaveafixedjob.B．Hewasaprofessionalwriter.C．Heworkedinatravelagency.D．Hetaughtinalanguageschool.2．Whatwasthesituationlikewhentheauthormethisstudentsforthefirsttime?A．Hard. B．Exciting.C．Touching. D．Inspiring.3．WhatcanweinferabouttheauthorfromParagraph3?A．Hewascasualandpatient.B．Hewasresponsiblebutsensitive.C．Hewascautiousbutbad­tempered.D．Hewasself­reflectiveandconsiderate.4．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“reciprocal”inParagraph4mostprobablymean?A．Beneficial. B．Interacted.C．Encouraging. D．Acceptable.B[2024·成都市毕业班其次次诊断检测]Africanpenguins(Spheniscusdemersus)beartheunfortunatenickname“jackasspenguins”becausetheycommunicatethroughhonking,donkey­likesounds.Laughatthemifyoulike,butanewstudysuggeststhattheirjackasslanguageactuallyfollowsthesamebasicrulesasours.InthestudypublishedinthejournalBiologyLetters,researchersrecordednearly600vocalizations(发声)from28adultmalepenguinslivinginItalianzoos.Malestendtovocalizealotduringthematingperiod,whichiswhytheresearchersturnedtothispopulation.ThescientistsknewfrompreviousresearchthatAfricanpenguinshonkusingthreedistincttypesofsounds,similartohumansyllables(音节),whengreetingoneanother,mating,ordefendingterritory.Buttheresearcherswantedtoknowwhetherthose“syllables”followedtwocommonlinguistic(语言学的)rules.Oneofthoserules,calledZipf'slawinshort,wasproposedin1945bythelinguistGeorgeKingsleyZipf.Thelawstatesthatthemorefrequentlyawordisusedinanylanguage,theshorterittendstobe(thinkofwordslike“the”，“to”and“of”inEnglish).Previousstudieshaveanalyzedmorethan1,000worldlanguagesforevidenceofZipf'slaw,andtheruleholdsupinallofthem.Theotherrule,knownastheMenzerath­Altmannlaw,saysthatthelongerawordorphraseis,theshorteritscomponentsyllablesare,whileshorterwordsaremorelikelytohavelongersyllables.Theword“onomatopoeia”，forexample,ismadeofsixveryshortsyllables,while“couch”ismadeofonelongerone.Previousstudieshaveshownthatnonhumanprimatesfollowboththeseruleswhentheycommunicatewitheachother,butwhataboutjackasspenguins?TheresearchersofthenewstudyfoundthatthesongsofthemalejackasspenguinconformtobothZipf'sandMenzerath­Altmann'slaws:Theshortestcallstendedtobethemostcommon,andthelongestphrasesweremadeupoftheshortestsyllables.Thisstudyprovidedthefirstnonprimateevidencethatthesecommonlinguisticpatternsextendintotheanimalkingdom,theauthorswrote,andthat'snothingtohemandhawat.5．Whydidtheresearcherschooseadultmalejackasspenguins?A．Theycanvocalizedifferentkindsofsounds.B．Theyaremoreaccessiblethanotherpenguins.C．Theycommunicatewitheachotherthroughhonking.D．Theymakesoundsfrequentlyduringthematingperiod.6．Whatdoestheauthortrytoexpressbymentioningthewords“the”，“to”and“of”inEnglish?A．GeorgeKingsleyZipf'sideaisreasonable.B．Thesewordsareextremelysimple.C．Previousstudiesareverymeaningful.D．Englishisquitesimilartootherlanguages.7．WhichofthefollowingfullyexplainswhattheMenzerath­Altmannlawmeans?A．Eggandfood.B．Contradictoryandshout.C．Learnandearn.D．Discriminationandprescription.8．Whatconclusionhasthenewstudymade?A．Manylanguagesfollowthesamelinguisticrules.B．Jackasspenguinscommunicatewitheachotherbyhonking.C．Jackasspenguins'languageandthehumanlanguagesharethebasiclinguisticrules.D．Zipf'slawandMenzerath­Altmannlawarecommonlyappliedrules.Ⅱ.七选五[2024·广州高三调研]LearningtounderstandspokenEnglishcanbedifficult.Learnersmustnotonlymasternewphrases,butalsolearnconversationalidioms.That'salottolearn!Buttheymaysoonrealizethereissomethingelsegoingon.__1__Thesedifferentstylesofspeakingarecalled“registers”.Intheirwork,languageexpertsidentifythreemajorfactorsthataffecttheregisterofspokenEnglish:theplaceoftheconversation,therelationshipbetweenthespeakers,andthepurposeoftheconversation.__2__Eventwobestfriendswhoworkandlivetogethermayspeakmoreformallytoeachotherintheoffice.Athome,onemightsay,“C'mon,Iwannaleave.”Thesamepersonatworkmightsay,“Areyoureadytogonow？”Therelationshipbetweenthespeakersalsoaffectsthelanguagetheyusewhentalkingwitheachother.Peoplespeaklessformallytofriendsandmoreformallytostrangers.__3__Peoplewhoknoweachotherwellmightusemoreidiomsandmoreslangintheirspeech.Anangrywomanmighttellherdaughterto“hushyourmouth”andhersisterto“quietdown”．Finally,thepurposeoftheconversationaffectspeople'sspeech.Apersonwhowantstoeasehurtfeelingsusesasoft,quiettone.__4__Fewspeakersrealizethattheychangeregistersaccordingtothesefactors.__5__Wearenotawarethatwemakethesechanges.Weacceptthechangeabilityoftheweather,butweoftenrefusetoacceptthechangeabilityofspeech.A．Infact,mostpeoplestronglydenyit.B．Peoplegenerallyspeaklessatworkthantheydoathome.C．Theverysamepersonspeaksdifferentlyindifferentsituations.D．Therefore,weshouldbecarefulnottohurteachotherwithourspeech.E．Ontheotherhand,apersonwhowantstopickafightspeaksrapidlyandloudly.F．Theplacewheretheconversationtakesplacedirectlyaffectsthelanguageoftheconversation.G．Becausetheyalreadyshareinformationandexperiencewithfriends,theydonotneedtoexplainasmuch.Ⅲ.短文改错[2024·太原市高三年级模拟三]IhavebeenlearningEnglishsinceIaminprimaryschool,butthetruthwasthatIwasnotsogoodatlistening.NomatterhowhardlyItried,Icouldn'tunderstandclearlywhichmyEnglishteachersornativespeakerssaid.Oneday,IwassurfingtheInternetwhileanadvertisementforEnglishlisteningdrewyourattention.Tomyamaze,itwasawebsitewhererecordingofsomewell­knownbookswereprovided.Whenseethewebsite,Ifellinloveit,whichturnedouttobethatuseful.NowIhavemadeaprogressinlistening.

限时提分练(十九)Ⅰ.阅读理解A语篇类型：记叙文主题语境：人与自我——个人经验——作者在中国教英语的经验【语篇解读】本文主要讲解并描述了作者在中国教英语的经验及感悟。1．答案与解析：A考查推理推断。依据第一段中的“Formorethanthreeyears,Ihavebeen...seeminglyrandomintervals”可以推断，作者在来中国之前并没有稳定的工作，故A项正确。2．答案与解析：A考查推理推断。依据其次段中的“Walkingintomyfirstclass，Iwasbombedby16strangechildrenwhocouldn'tunderstandasinglewordoutofmymouth”可推知，作者第一次见到学生时，状况是艰难的，故选A。touching意为“动人的，令人怜悯的”；inspiring意为“鼓舞人心的”。3．答案与解析：D考查推理推断。依据第三段中的“Ihadtolearndiscipline，andnotonlyhowtodealitout，buthowtodisciplineandconductmyselfasarolemodel”可推知，作者擅长自我反思，并结合“Iforgavethem，kissedtheirbruisesbetter,andgavethemashouldertocryon”可推知，作者是爱护的，故选D。4．答案与解析：B考查词义揣测。本句是一个主从复合句，依据缘由状语从句“becausetheytaughtmehowtounconditionallyopenmyheartandhowtobeamorelovingandpatientperson”可知，因为作者的学生教会了他如何无条件地敞快乐扉，如何成为一个更有爱心、更有耐性的人，所以他希望自己从事的教学工作是互惠的(自己和学生都有所收获)，B项的含义与画线词的含义最为接近，故选B。B语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会——探讨发觉——非洲企鹅的语言规则【语篇解读】非洲企鹅有“公驴企鹅”的外号，因为它们通过发出像驴一样的叫声进行沟通，但一项新的探讨表明，非洲企鹅的语言和人类语言遵循相同的基本语言学规则。5．答案与解析：D考查细微环节理解。依据其次段中的“Malestendtovocalizealotduringthematingperiod，whichiswhytheresearchersturnedtothispopulation”可知，探讨人员之所以选择雄性非洲企鹅是因为它们在交配期频繁发出声音，故选D。6．答案与解析：A考查推理推断。依据第三段的内容，尤其是“theruleholdsupinallofthem”可推知，作者列举在英语中运用的三个单词是为了说明齐夫定律是合理的，故选A。holdup意为“支撑得住”。7．答案与解析：B考查推理推断。依据第四段中的“Menzerath­Altmannlaw,saysthatthelongerawordorphraseis,theshorteritscomponentsyllablesare,whileshorterwordsaremorelikelytohavelongersyllables”可知，Menzerath­Altmann定律表明一个单词或短语越长，它的组成音节越短，而较短的单词更可能有较长的音节；contradictory单词长，是一个多音节词，但音节较短，shout单词短，但却是一个长音节词，这两个词能完全阐释Menzerath­Altmann定律，故选B。8．答案与解析：C考查细微环节理解。依据最终一段中的“Thisstudyprovidedthefirstnonprimateevidencethatthesecommonlinguisticpatternsextendintotheanimalkingdom”和第一段最终一句可知，新的探讨的结论是非洲企鹅的语言和人类语言遵循相同的基本语言学规则，故选C。Ⅱ.七选五语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会——人际沟通——影响英语口语语体风格的三个主要因素【语篇解读】语言专家发觉，影响英语口语语体风格的三个主要因素是：谈话的地点、说话者之间的关系以及谈话的目的。1．答案与解析：C空后一句“Thesedifferentstylesofspeakingarecalled‘registers'”与C项中的“speaksdifferentlyindifferentsituations”相呼应，说明同一个人在不同的状况下说话风格不同，故选C项。2．答案与解析：F依据空后一句“Eventwobestfriendswhoworkandlivetogethermayspeakmoreformallytoeachotherintheoffice.”可知，即使是一起工作和生活的两个最好的挚友，他们在办公室里交谈的方式也可能更正式；并结合该段所举的例子和第一段最终一句可知，本段应是讲解并描述影响英语口语语体风格的因素之一——谈话的地点，故F