2024-2025学年新教材高中英语Unit5RevealingnatureUsinglanguage素养评价含解析外研版选择性必修第一册

PAGE9-课时素养评价十四Unit5UsinglanguageⅠ.语法填空1.BytheendofJunetheyhadtreated(treat)over10,000patients.

2.Hehadserved(serve)inthearmyfortenyearsbeforeheretiredlastyear.

3.Hehadlearned(learn)EnglishforeightyearsbeforehewenttoEnglandforfurtherstudy.

4.Hetoldmethathehadknown(know)hersincehewasachild.

5.Hehadnosoonerlefttheroomthantheybegan(begin)totalkabouthim.6.Itwasthefirsttimethathehadspoken(speak)tomeinsuchatune.

7.Ihadhoped(hope)tobebacklastnight,butIdidn’tcatchthetrain.

8.Whenwegotthere,thebasketballmatchhadstarted(start).

9.Theoldmansaidthathewantedtogowherehehadneverbeen(be).

10.John,afriendofmine,whogotmarriedonlylastweek,spent$3,000morethanhehadplanned(plan)forthewedding.

Ⅱ.完成句子1.MyfatherhadleftforLondononbusinessuponmyarrival,soIdidn’tseehim.

我一到,父亲就到伦敦出差去了,所以我没有见到他。2.Whentheoldmanstartedtowalkbacktohishouse,thesunhadhiddenitselfbehindthemountain.

当老人起先走回家的时候,太阳已经躲在了山的后面。3.HehadintendedtospendtheimportantdaywithuslastSunday,buthewastoobusythen.

上星期天他原来准备和我们一起度过那个重要的日子,但他那时太忙了。4.ShehadchangedherhairstyleinherhometownbeforeshecametoChongqingforabetterjob.

在她来重庆找更好的工作之前,她在家乡换了发型。5.Ifyouhadfollowedmyadvice,youwouldn’thavewastedsomuchtimeoncomputergames.

假如你听了我的建议,你就不会在电脑嬉戏上奢侈这么多时间了。阅读理解BorninLondonin1825,ThomasHenryHuxleywasoneofthegreatestmenofthenineteenthcentury.In1846ThomasHenryHuxleywasappointedassistantdoctoraboardH.M.S.Rattlesnake.TheshiphadbeenaskedtosurveyareasoftheGreatBarrierReefandtheneighboringseas.ThisgaveThomasHenryHuxleyanopportunitytostudyanimallifeandwasthestartofhisbiologicalcareer.Thevoyagelastedfouryears,duringwhichtimehegatheredmuchinformationonplankton(浮游生物).Onhisreturnfromthevoyage,ThomasHenryHuxleywasmadeamemberoftheRoyalSocietyinrecognitionofhisscientificwork.Althoughhecontinuedtopublishpapersaboutplankton,hisinterestwasturningtowardsvertebrate(有脊椎的)animals.ForsometimeThomasHenryHuxleyandhisworkmateshadbeendiscussingthepossibilitythatanimalspecieshadevolved(进化),onefromanother.Nosatisfactorytheorieshadbeenputforward,butin1859Darwin’sOriginofSpeciesappeared.ThomasHenryHuxleyatoncerealizeditsimportanceandhowthetheoryofnaturalselectionprovided“theworkinghypothesis(假说)wesought”.FortherestofhislifeThomasHenryHuxleystruggledtoensurethefullrecognitionofDarwin’swork.In1863ThomasHenryHuxleypublishedMan’sPlaceinNatureinwhichhecomparedmanandgreatapes(猿).Heclearlyshowedsimilarities.Despitehismanyachievements,hewasgivennoawardbytheBritishstateuntillateinhislife.Fromabout1870,ThomasHenryHuxleywastooinvolvedinotherthingstocontinueactualresearch.Hehadalwaysbeeninterestedineducation.Hepioneeredtheteachingofbiologyandhismethodofselecting“typeanimals”isstillfollowedtoday.Hespentthelasttenyearsofhislifewritingessaysmainlyonbiology.【文章大意】本文属于说明文。作者通过这篇文章主要向我们介绍了托马斯•亨利•赫胥黎1825年诞生于伦敦,是十九世纪最宏大的人物之一。1.WhydidHuxleygoonthevoyage?A.Toexplorethedeepsea.B.Todoresearchonseaanimals.C.Toworkasadoctorontheship.D.Togatherinformationforhispaper.【解析】选C。细微环节理解题。依据文章第一段In1846ThomasHenryHuxleywasappointedassistantdoctoraboardH.M.S.Rattlesnake.可知,赫胥黎去船上当医生。故选C。2.HowdidHuxleyreacttothetheoryofnaturalselection?A.Hehaddoubtaboutit.B.Hethoughthighlyofit.C.Hecouldn’tunderstandit.D.Hethoughthedevelopeditfirst.【解析】选B。细微环节理解题。依据文章其次段ThomasHenryHuxleyatoncerealizeditsimportanceandhowthetheoryofnaturalselectionprovided“theworkinghypothesiswesought”.可知赫胥黎对自然选择理论的评价很高。故选B。3.WhatdoweknowaboutHuxley’sbookMan’sPlaceinNature?A.Itdiscussestheimportanceofhumanbeings.B.ItfocusesonDarwin’stheoryofnaturalselection.C.Ittalksaboutthedifferencesbetweenmanandapes.D.Itprovidesevidenceabouttheevolutionofmanfromapes.【解析】选D。细微环节理解题。依据文章第三段In1863ThomasHenryHuxleypublishedMan’sPlaceinNatureinwhichhecomparedmanandgreatapes.Heclearlyshowedsimilarities.可知关于赫胥黎的《人类在自然界的位置》一书,我们知道它供应了人类从类人猿进化的证据。故选D。4.WhatcanwelearnaboutHuxleyfromthelastparagraph?A.Hecontributedalottobiologyteaching.B.Hecontinuedhisresearchtillhisdeath.C.Hebecameagoodnovelistlateinhislife.D.Henevergotawardsforhisachievements.【解析】选A。细微环节理解题。依据文章最终一段Hepioneeredtheteachingofbiologyandhismethodofselecting“typeanimals”isstillfollowedtoday.Hespentthelasttenyearsofhislifewritingessaysmainlyonbiology.可知他在生物学教学方面做出了很大的贡献。故选A。Ⅰ.阅读填句依据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。ManyofyoumayknowthatJakartaisthecapitalcityofIndonesia.1InSeptember,IndonesiaannouncedthatthecountrywillmoveitscapitalfromJakarta,ontheislandofJava,toKalimantan,ontheislandofBorneo.ThisisbignewsforIndonesia.Indeed,itwouldbeforanycountry.

Theword“capital”comesfromtheLatinword“caput”,meaning“head”.Governmentinstitutions,suchaslegislativeandjudicialbodies,arelocatedincapitalcities.2

InEnglish-languagenewsreports,whenyouread“relationsbetweenBeijingandMoscow”,itactuallymeans“relationsbetweentheChineseandRussiangovernments”.3Inmanycountries,thecapitalistherichestcity.Thisisbecausewhenacitybecomesamajorbusinesscenter,ittakesamoreimportantplaceontheworldstage.London,forexample,hasbeentheeconomiccenterofBritainfornearly2,000years,soit’snaturallybeenthecapitalformuchofthattime.

4Brazil’scapitalusedtobeRiodeJaneiro,acoastalcity.LaterthecapitalmovedtotheinlandcityofBrasilia.Partofthereasonisthatcoastalcitiescanbeattacked(攻击)moreeasily.InthecaseofIndonesia,thenewcapitalwaschoseninordertoachievebalanceddevelopmentindifferentareas.Kalimantanisanunderdevelopedarea.5

A.Thiswillsoonchange.B.Sometimes,capitalsarechosenforsafetyreasons.C.Somenewcapitalsareplannedandbuiltinundevelopedareas.D.Countriessometimesmovetheircapitalsfromonecitytoanother.E.Therefore,itisimportanttochooseagoodspotforone’scapital.F.Bybecomingthenewcapital,itcanexpectfastereconomicgrowth.G.Theleadersofacountryusuallyworkandliveinthecapitalaswell.【文章大意】这篇短文由印度尼西亚的首都要搬迁引入话题,介绍了一个国家的首都城市一般具有的特征。1.【解析】选A。依据首句介绍了印度尼西亚的首都,后一句说IndonesiaannouncedthatthecountrywillmoveitscapitalfromJakarta,印度尼西亚将从原来的首都城市搬走,也就是首都地要变了,故选A。2.【解析】选G。依据前一句legislativeandjudicialbodies,arelocatedincapitalcities.立法和司法部门在首都城市,后面应接……也在首都城市,故选G。3.【解析】选E。依据前句“relationsbetweenBeijingandMoscow”,itactuallymeans“relationsbetweentheChineseandRussiangovernments”北京和莫斯科的关系其实就是指中国政府和俄罗斯政府的关系,也就是说一个国家的首都就代表着一个国家,其地位相当重要,E项“因此,选择一个合适的地点作为首都是很重要的。”承接上文,符合文意,故选E。4.【解析】选B。依据后面的例子说巴西首都搬离原来的地方Partofthereasonisthatcoastalcitiescanbeattackedmoreeasily.部分缘由是沿海城市更简单受到攻击。所以将首都搬迁到一个内陆较平安的地方。因此一个国家的首都的选址也要较平安,故选B。5.【解析】选F。一般来说首都所在地的经济比较发达,这次印度尼西亚搬去的地方是一个欠发达地区,所以希望首都搬去后能变更原来的状况,期盼更快的经济增长。F项承接上文,符合文意。故选F。Ⅱ.完形填空Haveyoueverseenamiraclehappen?Twowintersago,Idid.Itwas1thatday.Theroadwascoveredwithsnow.

Iaskedmymomifwecouldgotoourneighbor’shillandtakemydog,Buddy.Shesaid,“Sure.2don’tgoanyfartherthanthat.”Afterawhile,wewalkedovertoanotherhillbyapond(池塘)notfaraway.ThensuddenlyIsawBuddywalkoutontotheice.Iwas3whenhewalkedtothemiddleofthepond.Theicewasthinthere.

We4Buddy,buthedidn’tlisten.Then5theicebroke,andmydog6intothewater.IaskedmyfriendifIshouldgoinandgethimout.Shesaid,“NO!”Instead,Irantomyhousetotellmymom.Itwas7formetorunonthesnowyground.Iwastired,butIhadto8Buddy.

Whenmymomheardwhat9,shesaid,“Getinthecar.”Whenwegotthere,shetoldmetorunhomeagainandgetherphone.Butbackatthepond,mymom10togetBuddyoutofthewaterandfellin.

11,myfriendsawithappen.Sherantoaneighbor’shouseforhelp.Soontheygotmymomoutofthewater,butBuddywasstill12forhislife.Thefiredepartmentputaladder(梯子)outontotheicetogethim,butitdidn’twork.Iwasbackagainbythen,andsomeonesaidIshould13insidetheneighbor’shouse.Itdidn’tlook14forBuddy.Iwentinsideandcriedandhopedforamiracle.

Then,myunclewalkedintothehousewithBuddyinhisarms!Iwasso15,IhuggedBuddyandthankedthefirefighters(消防员).

【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。作者和挚友带狗出去玩,在经过一个池塘时,Buddy掉下去了,作者喊来了妈妈去救小狗,结果妈妈也掉下去了。最终消防员经过奋力救助,妈妈和小狗都获救了。1.A.dryB.rainyC.warmD.cold【解析】选D。句意:那天很冷。结合上下文可知是下雪天,应当很冷。故选D。2.A.Unless B.Or C.So D.But【解析】选D。句意:当然可以。但是不要再往前走了。结合句意和上下文逻辑关系可知,应当是表转折,故选D。3.A.dissatisfied B.movedC.frightened D.excited【解析】选C。句意:当它走到池塘中心时,我很胆怯 。dissatisfied不满足的;moved感动的;frightened胆怯 的;excited激烈的。结合句意和上下文逻辑关系可知,作者很胆怯 ,故选C。4.A.lookedfor B.laughedatC.shoutedat D.wokeup【解析】选C。句意:我们对Buddy大喊,但它不听。lookedfor找寻;laughedat讪笑;shoutedat大喊;wokeup醒来。结合句意和上下文逻辑关系可知,应当是对狗大喊大叫,故选C。5.A.suddenly B.slowlyC.naturally D.possibly【解析】选A。句意:然后突然冰破了。suddenly突然;slowly缓慢;naturally自然地;possibly可能地。结合上文Theicewasthinthere.可知,冰薄,这时候突然破了,故选A。6.A.jumped B.fell C.ran D.walked【解析】选B。句意:我的狗掉进了水里。结合句意和上下文逻辑关系可知,作者的狗掉进了水里,故选B。7.A.difficult B.funC.wrong D.important【解析】选A。句意:对我来说,在雪地上奔跑是很困难的。结合句意和上下文逻关系可知,在雪地上奔跑是很困难的,故选A。8.A.find B.watch C.help D.train【解析】选C。句意:我很累,但我必需帮助Buddy。结合句意和上下文逻辑关系可知,作者要帮助他的狗,故选C。9.A.followed B.happened C.came D.appeared【解析】选B。句意:当我的母亲听到发生的事情时,她说:“上车吧。”followed跟随;happened发生;came回来;appeared出现。结合句意和上下文逻辑关系可知,作者的妈妈听到了所发生的事情,故选B。10.A.stopped B.agreed C.tried D.decided【解析】选C。句意:但回到池塘后,我妈妈试图把Buddy从水里救出来,结果她自己也掉进去了。结合句意和上下文逻辑关系可知,作者的妈妈尝试把狗从水里救上来,故选C。11.A.Luckily B.Firstly C.Strangely D.Sadly【解析】选A。句意:幸运的是,我的挚友看到了这一切。结合句意和上下文逻辑关系可知,作者的挚友看到作者的妈妈掉水里了是幸运的,故选A。12.A.swimming B.dreamingC.hunting D.fishing【解析】选A。句意:但是Buddy还在舍命游泳。swimming游泳;dreaming幻想;hunting狩猎;fishing捕鱼。结合句意和上下文逻辑关系可知,作者的狗在水里舍命游泳,故选A。13.A.play B.eat C.wait D.sleep【解析】选C。句意:那时我又回来了,有人说我应当在邻居家的房子里等着。结合句意和上下文逻辑关系可知,作者应当在邻居家的房子里等着,故选C。14.A.clean B.good C.dangerous D.true【解析】选B。Buddy看起来不太“好”,故选B。15.A.angry B.proudC.disappointed D.happy【解析】选D。句意:我很兴奋,我拥抱了Buddy,并感谢了消防员。结合句意和上下文逻辑关系可知,狗被救上来,作者很兴奋,故选D。Ⅲ.语法填空Chinaisnowfightingawarofadifferentkind.It’sagainst1._______unseenenemy,whichhasbeennamedCOVID-19bytheWHO.SinceitsappearanceattheendofDecemberinWuhan,theviruscausingthisdisease2._______(spread)toothercities,infectinghundredsofthousandsofpeopleand3._______(lead)tooveronethousanddeaths.Asyet,thereisnovaccine(疫苗)toprotectpeopleagainstthevirusandtheonly4._______(effect)waytofightitistotrytocontainit.

TheChinesepeopleshouldbepraisedbecause,forthemostpart,they’veemulated(效仿)theBritons’“stiffupperlip”andrefusedtopanic.They’vestayedhomeasmuch5._______possible,wornprotectivemasksandwashedtheirhandsfrequentlyand6._______(thorough).Thegovernment’sresponsehasalsobeen