中考英语人教版一轮复习课件+专题一+名词

项目二

语法过关专题一

名词语法梳理考点综合过关考点1

名词词义辨析（必考）考点复习1.辨析news,

message与information单词用法news不可数名词，意为“新闻”，是指通过广播、电视、报纸、网络等新闻媒体向大众发布的最新消息，侧重“新”message可数名词，意为“消息；口信”，一般指口头传递或者书写的消息information不可数名词，意为“信息”，通常指在阅读、观察、谈话或书信往来中特别关注的消息、情报、资料、咨询等2.辨析voice，

sound与noise单词用法voice不可数名词，通常侧重于“人的嗓音，人说话的声音”或者“鸟的声音”sound不可数名词，通常指大自然中的一切声音noise可用作可数或不可数名词，指代“噪声”3.辨析race,

match,

game与sport单词用法race可数名词，侧重于竞速类的比赛match可数名词，

match意为“竞赛，比赛”，多指正式比赛game可数名词，

game的意思是“运动，比赛”，不管户内户外还是脑力体力，指以胜负为主的运动sport可数名词，

sport通常指“户外运动”，以锻炼为主，概念较大4.辨析matter,

trouble,

problem与question单词用法matter不可数名词，指“重要性，关系要紧不要紧”。常用句型：What's

the

matter

with

you?（你怎么了？）trouble不可数名词，指“麻烦，问题，事故或者意外”。常用短语be

in

trouble，“陷入麻烦”problem可数名词，指需要时间思考或者解决的“问题，疑问”question可数名词，侧重于需要回答的“问题”5.辨析work与job单词用法work不可数名词，通常指抽象意义的工作或者工作量job可数名词，通常指具体的工作，表示一份工作6.辨析invitation,

instruction与introduction单词用法invitation可数名词，意为“邀请”instruction可数名词，意为“说明；指令”introduction可数名词，意为“介绍”对点过关1.（2024·海南模拟）—Jack,

will

your

family

move

to

Shanghai?—Yes.

My

parents

have

made

the

________.(

)

CA.

problem

B.

challenge

C.

decision

D.

move2.（2024·新疆模拟）It's

raining

heavily.

Please

take

the

________.(

)

CA.

stone

B.

flower

C.

umbrella

D.

postcard3.（2024·重庆模拟）—I

wonder

if

you've

made

a

decision

on

the

project，

Eric.—Not

yet.

I

can't

make

it

until

I

have

first

hand

________

on

prices.(

)

A.

information

B.

knowledge

C.

news

D.

educationA考点2

可数名词与不可数名词考点复习1.可数名词可数名词复数形式的构成（1）规则变化名词特点词尾加法例词一般情况下直接加-spear—pearsbanana—bananas以-s，

-x，

-ch，

-sh

结尾加-esglass—glasseswatch—watchesbox—boxes以辅音字母加y结尾变y为i再加-esfamily—familiesdictionary—dictionaries名词特点词尾加法例词以元音字母加y结尾的直接加-sboy—boyskey—keystoy—toys以“f或fe”结尾变f或fe为v，再加-esknife—kniveswolf—wolves助记口诀:他的妻子（wife）用一把刀（knife）和半（half）片树叶（leaf）剥夺了狼（wolf）和贼（thief）的生命（life）续表名词特点词尾加法例词以

o

结尾的有生命的事物加-estomato—tomatoespotato—potatoes无生命的事物加-sphoto—photosradio—radios续表（2）不规则变化①元音字母或词尾发生变化man→men

woman→womenchild→children

foot→feetmouse→mice

tooth→teethFrenchman→Frenchmenpostman→postmenEnglishman

→Englishmenfisherman→fishermengentleman→gentlemen②单复数同形sheep→sheep

fish→fish

Chinese→ChineseJapanese→Japanese③形式为单数,意义为复数的名词people

police④形式为复数,意义为单数的名词physics

news

maths

the

United

States2.不可数名词液体water，

milk，

juice，

coffee，

tea，

wine，

beer，

soup，

oil食物meat，

fish，

chicken，

beef，

pork，

mutton,

rice，

salt，

sugar，

porridge，

bread材料/细小颗粒物metal，

iron，

paper，

glass，

cotton，

silk，

wool，

wood，

plastic,

soil，

sand，

rain，

hair抽象fun，

joy，

money，

knowledge，

advice，

homework，

housework，

information，

light，

medicine，

wind，

sunshine，

news，

music...（1）不可数名词的计量形式数词/冠词+量词+of+不可数名词。如:a

bottle

of

water一瓶水。（2）数词决定量词的单复数形式如:a

piece

of

news一条新闻，

two

pieces

of

news两条新闻。3.既可数又不可数有些名词既可作可数名词，也可作不可数名词，但含义不同，常见的有:名词可数不可数chicken小鸡鸡肉experience经历经验exercise练习题锻炼glass玻璃杯玻璃iron熨斗铁life生命生活light电灯光；光线名词可数不可数orange橙子橙汁paper试卷；论文纸radio收音机无线电广播room房间空间time次数；倍数时间wood树林木头；木材work作品工作续表对点过关4.（2024·江西模拟）Spending

too

much

________

playing

computer

games

is

bad

for

your

________.(

)

BA.

time；

eye

B.

time；

eyes

C.

times；

eye

D.

times；

eyes5.（2024·达州模拟）I

want

two

kilos

of

________.(

)

CA.

rices

B.

breads

C.

pork

D.

waters6.（2024·贵阳模拟）The

three

________

upstairs

are

too

small

to

have

enough

________

for

a

double

bed.(

)

A.

room；

room

B.

room；

roomsC.

rooms；

room

D.

rooms；

roomsC考点3

名词所有格考点复习对点过关7.（2024·宁夏模拟）This

year,

the

family

went

camping

on

________

Day,June

1st.(

)

DA.

Child

B.

Child's

C.

Children

D.

Children's8.（2024·辽宁模拟）The

movie

shows

________

love

for

their

children.(

)

CA.

parents

B.

parent's

C.

parents'

D.

parents's9.（2024·广州模拟）Here

is

a

picture

________

a

girl.

She

is

my

sister.(

)

A.

in

B.

on

C.

for

D.

ofD10.（2024·上海模拟）________

father

is

a

pilot.

He

has

been

to

many

countries

around

the

world.(

)

AA.

Tony

and

Peter's

B.

Tony'

and

PeterC.

Tony's

and

Peter's

D.

Tony's

and

Peter考点4

名词作定语考点复习一般情况只变后者apple

trees，

many

boy

studentsman和woman作定语都要变men

teachers，

women

doctors对点过关11.（原创）—It's

said

that

the

two

________

doctors

have

just

come

back

from

the

hospital.—Yeah，

I

know

them.

They

are

both

already

in

their

________.(

)

CA.

woman；

sixty

B.

women；

sixtiethC.

women；

sixties

D.

woman；

sixties一、单项填空1.（2022·云南）Miss

Li

has

lots

of

teaching

________.She

has

her

own

ways

to

make

classes

lively

and

interesting.(

)

CA.

exercise

B.

excitement

C.

experience

D.

environment2.（2021·云南）Hi,

Mom

is

a

moving

film.

It

has

been

on

for

several

months

in

the

________.(

)

DA.

museum

B.

bank

C.

library

D.

cinema3.（2019·云南）The

earth

is

often

called

the

ocean

planet.

Its

surface

is

about

70

percent

________.(

)

DA.

land

B.

plants

C.

animals

D.

water4.（2024·湖北模拟）It's

dangerous

for

us

to

give

too

much

________

about

ourselves

on

the

Internet.(

)

DA.

message

B.

suggestions

C.

preparation

D.

information5.（2024·内蒙古模拟）Thanks

to

his

great

________，

I

succeeded

in

solving

the

problem

at

last.(

)

BA.

suggest

B.

suggestions

C.

advise

D.

advices6.I

recognized

his

________

as

soon

as

I

heard

it

on

the

phone.(

)

BA.

noise

B.

voice

C.

sound

D.

song7.—What's

the

________

of

Beijing

Winter

Olympics

in

2022?—Together

for

a

Shared

Future!(

)

CA.

plan

B.

symbol

C.

theme

D.

sport8.—Could

you

please

tell

me

how

I

can

make

more

friends?—Sure.

I

think

being

honest

is

the

first

________.(

)

AA.

step

B.

score

C.

sense

D.

information9.—Hello!

May

I

speak

to

Tony,

please?—Sorry,

I'm

afraid

you

have

the

wrong

________.(

)

CA.

telephone

B.

name

C.

number

D.

age10.—How

did

you

fix

up

the

broken

bicycle?—It's

easy.

I

just

followed

the

________.(

)

AA.

instructions

B.

instruments

C.

interviews

D.

inventions11.—Would

you

like

something

to

drink,

Judy?—Yes.

Some

________

is

OK.(

)

DA.

bread

B.

ice-cream

C.

salad

D.

milk12.—Mr.

Yang

runs

at

least

half

an

hour

every

day.—What

a

good

________!

No

wonder

he

looks

fit.(

)

AA.

habit

B.

idea

C.

rule

D.

skill13.Mr.

Huang

was

born

in

Nanjing,

but

Suqian

has

become

his

second

________.(

)

DA.

family

B.

house

C.

village

D.

hometown14.—Look!

Mike

does

so

well

in

his

speech.—Yes,

he

has

a（n）

________

for

public

speaking.

(

)

BA.

eye

B.

gift

C.

answer

D.

attention15.Amy

refused

her

friend's

________

because

she

had

to

take

care

of

her

grandma.(

)

CA.

tradition

B.

attention

C.

invitation

D.

action16.—How

do

you

improve

your

English

________?—I

often

talk

with

the

persons

whose

mother

language

is

English.(

)

CA.

population

B.

transportationC.

pronunciation

D.

suggestion17.Mike,

a

7-year-old

boy,

has

a

great

talent

for

________.He

can

draw

nice

pictures

though

he

has

never

learned

it.(

)

AA.

art

B.

sport

C.

music

D.

science18.—I've

got

a

“C”

in

the

English

test.

Can

you

give

me

some

________?—Of

course.

I

think

reading

can

help.(

)

CA.

messages

B.

information

C.

suggestions

D.

instructions19.Yuan

Longping

was

a

world-famous

scientist.

Because

of

his

achievements,

rice

________

has

been

increased

greatly.(

)

A.

population

B.

contribution

C.

production

D.

introductionC二、根据句意，用括号中所给词的适当形式填空20.（2024·云南）It

is

sunny

and

_______

today.

Let's

go

outside

and

fly

kites.（wind）21.（2024·云南）I

like

traveling

because

I

can

meet

some

___________

people

and

things

along

the

way.（interest）22.（2023·云南）We're

going

to

make

vegetable

salad.

How

many

_________

do

we

need?（tomato）windyinterestingtomatoes23.（2023·云南）Life

in

a

spaceship

is

hard,

so

an

astronaut

must

have

a

________body

and

mind.